Indexed OCR Text

679
Surah Al-Kahf : 18 : 102 - 108
that they take My servants as patrons beside Me?), there is an elision
. فيجد بهم نفعًا وينتفعون بذلك الاتخاذ :hadhf) in the text at this place, that is: حذف)
As such, it would mean: 'Do these disbelieving people who have taken
My servants - instead of Me - as the objects of their worship and the dis-
pensers of their matters and problems think that this make-shift ar-
rangement made by them would bring them some benefit and they
would enjoy it?' This is a form of interrogative meant for negation or dis-
approval. In short, it means that such thinking is wrong, a mark of ignor-
ance.
The word: 'seus ('ibadi: My servants) used here means angels, and
the particular prophets whom the people of the world worshiped taking
them as partners in the pristine divinity of Allah - as Sayyidna 'Uzair
and Sayyidna Masih >.JI Lagle. Those who worshiped angels were some
Arabs. As for those who ascribed partners to Allah, the Jews and Chris-
tians both did it. The Jews did it in respect of Sayyidna 'Uzair Sell and
the Christians, in respect of Sayyidna 'Isa . Therefore, meant here
by: 1,"% "Ji (al-ladhina kafaru: Those who disbelieved) in this verse are
these very groups of disbelievers. Some commentators have taken seus
('ibadi: My servants) at this place to mean satans. In that case, '' ui
(those who disbelieved) would mean disbelievers who worship the Jinn
and satans. Some other commentators have taken seus ('ibadi: My ser-
vants) at this place in the general sense of something created, under
mastery, which becomes inclusive of all false objects of worship, idols,
fire and stars. Maulana Ashraf 'Ali Thanavi Ju ill ., has referred to
this aspect in the Summary of his Tafsir Bayan al-Qur'an while explain-
ing servants as subjects. However, the first explanation given above has
been rated as weightier in al-Bahr al-Muhit and other Tafsirs. Allah
knows best.
The word: Wy (awliya') is the plural of J, (waliyy). This word is used
in the Arabic language to carry several meanings. At this place, it means
one who gets things done, resolves matters, fulfills needs - which is the
particular attribute of the true object of worship. The purpose thereby is
to take them as objects of worship.
Who are those referred to as: ◌ًالْآَخُسَرِينَ أَعْمَالا (The greatest losers in re-
spect of [their] deeds - 103)? At this place, the first two verses (101, 102)
are, in terms of their general sense, inclusive of every individual or

680
Surah Al-Kahf : 18 : 102 - 108
group that would put in a lot of effort in some deeds taking them to be
good, but with Allah their effort is ruined and their deed, wasted.
Al-Qurtubi said that this situation is caused due to two things. One: Cor-
ruption in Belief. Two: Hypocrisy. It means that a person whose very Be-
lief and Faith is not correct - no matter how good he is in his deeds and
how painstaking in his effort - will find all this useless and wasted in the
Hereafter.
Similarly, the deed of anyone who acts for the pleasure of the created
by way of hypocrisy, that deed too will remain deprived of thawab (re-
ward). It is in terms of this general sense that some revered Şahabah
have declared the Kharjites as the substantiation of this verse. Then,
there are some commentators who take the Mu'tazilah, the Rawafid and
some others as the groups who have strayed away from the straight
path. But, in the next verse (105), it has been determined that meant at
this place are those particular disbelievers who deny the verses of Allah
أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا : Ta ala and the coming of Qiyamah and Akhirah. It was said
Those are the ones who disbelieved in the signs of their) بأيْتِ رَبِّهِمُ وَلِقَآئِه
Lord and in the meeting with Him). Therefore, al-Qurtubi, Abu Hayyan,
Mazhari and others prefer the view that really meant at this place are
particular disbelievers who deny Allah, the Last Day and the Reckoning
of deeds. But, apparently too, even those people whose deeds were
ruined by their corrupted beliefs and whose effort had gone waste cannot
remain unaffected by its general sense. As for the related sayings re-
ported from Sayyidna 'Ali and Sa'd
, this is precisely what they mean.
(Qurțubī)
The last sentence in the same verse (105): فَلاَتُقِيُمُ لَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيْمَةِ وَزْنًا (and We
shall not assign to them any weight) means that their deeds may appear
to be great outwardly, but when placed on the balance of reckoning, they
will carry no weight. The reason is that these deeds will be of no use and
will not carry any weight because of kufr (disbelief) and shirk (ascribing
of partners to Allah).
According to a Hadith of Sayyidna Abu Hurairah
appearing in
the Sahih of al-Bukhari and Muslim, the Holy Prophet
said: 'On the
day of Qiyamah, there will come a tall and heavy man who, in the sight
of Allah, will not be worth the weight of a mosquito.' Then he said: 'If
فَلاَ نُقِيُمُ لَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيْمَةِ وَزْنًا :you wish to verify it, recite this verse of the Qur'an

681
Surah Al-Kahf : 18 : 109 - 110
(and We shall not assign to them any weight).'
Sayyidna Abu Said al-Khudri tee
says: '(on the day of Qiyamah)
deeds as big as the mountains of Tihamah will be brought in. But, they
will carry no weight on the balance of justice.' (Qurtubi)
The word: الفِرُدَوُس (al- Firdaus) in:حَنْتُ الْفِرُدَوُس (Gardens of Firdaus)
means a verdant valley full of fruits and flowers - with reference to Para-
dise. However, difference exists as to the origin of this word. Is it Arabic,
or is it non-'Arabic? Those who call it non-Arabic have to refine it fur-
ther. Is it Persian or Greco-Roman or Syriac? There are different views
about this.
It appears in the Sahip of al-Bukhari and Muslim that the Holy
Prophet " said: 'when you ask of Allah, ask for Jannatul-Firdaus be-
cause it is the highest and the superior most rank of Jannah. Above it,
there is the Throne of the Rahman and from it issue forth all streams of
'Jannah.' (Qurțubi)
The purpose of the last sentence: ◌ًلا يَبُغُونَ عَنُهَا حِوَلا (and will not wish to
move from there - 108) is to tell that this station of Jannah is a never-end-
ing, ever-lasting blessing for them. The reason is that Allah Ta'ala has
promulgated His command to the effect that whoever has entered Jan-
nah will never be expelled from there. But, there was the possibility of
some doubt crossing someone's heart, for human beings naturally get fed
up by living at one place. They wish to move out and go to other places.
Now, if they were not allowed to go elsewhere out of Jannah, they might
start feeling the pinch of a sort of restriction. This was answered in the
verse by saying that taking Jannah on the analogy of other places is
rank ignorance. Once a person goes into the Jannah, everything he saw
and lived with in the mortal world would find all that trifling in the pres-
ence of the bliss and beauty of Jannah and - so blessed in that manner -
no one would ever even think of going out of here.
Verses 109 - 110
قُلُ لَّوْكَانَ الْبَحُرُ مِدَادًا لِكَلِمْتِ رَبُِّ لَنَفِدَ الْبَحُرُ قَبْلَ آَنْ تَنُفَدَ
كَلِمْتُ رَبِّىُ وَلَوْ جِئْنَا بِمِثْلِهِ مَدَدًّا ﴿١٠٩﴾ قُلُ إِنَّمَآ أَنَا بَشَرٌ مِثْلُكُمُ

682
Surah Al-Kahf : 18 : 109 - 110
يُوحَى إِلَىَّ أَنَّمَآ ◌ِلهُكُمُ إِلَهٌ وَاحِدٌ فَمَنْ كَانَ يَرْجُوْا لِقَاءَ رَبِّه فَلْيَعُمَلُ
عَمَلاً صَالِحًا وَّلاَ يُشْرِكُ بِعِبَادَةِ رَبّهَ احَدًا ﴿١١٠﴾
Say, "If the ocean were to be ink for the Words of my
Lord, the ocean would have been consumed before the
Words of my Lord are exhausted, even though we were
to bring another one, like it, in addition." [109]
Say, "Surely, I am but a human being like you; it is re-
vealed to me that your God is the One God. So the one
who hopes to meet his Lord must do righteous deed and
must not associate anyone in the worship of his Lord."
[110]
Commentary
The cause of the revelation of the last verse of Surah al-Kahf: 3,24y,
Lai , ale (and must not associate anyone in the worship of his Lord -
110), as mentioned in Hadith reports, shows that shirk at this place
means hidden shirk, that is, hypocrisy (+4) : riya').
One such narration from Sayyidna 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas
has been
reported by Imam Hakim in al-Mustadrak as being sound on the criter-
ion set forth by the two authorities, al-Bukhari and Muslim. According
to the narration, one of the Muslims used to carry out Jihad in the way
of Allah. Side by side, he wished that his soldiering and bravery in the
cause be recognized and appreciated by the people. This verse was re-
vealed about him (which tells us that one gets no thawab (reward) by
having such an intention in Jihad).
In Kitabul-Ikhlas, Ibn Abi Hatim and Ibn Abi al-Dunya have re-
ported from Țawus that a Sahabi stated before the Holy Prophet :
"There are occasions when I am ready to worship, or to do some righ-
teous deed, my aim thereby is nothing but the pleasure of Allah. But,
along with it, I do have the wish that people would see me doing it.'
Hearing this, he observed silence until the cited verse was revealed.
And in Abu Nu'aym and in the history of Ibn 'Asakir, it appears on
the authority of Sayyidna Ibn 'Abbas that whenever the Sahabi,
Sayyidnā Jundub ibn Zuhayr
prayed, fasted or gave in charity and
then saw people admiring him for doing those deeds, he felt pleased

683
Surah Al-Kahf : 18 : 109 - 110
about it and would then increase the frequency of those deeds. There-
upon, this verse was revealed.
The gist of narrations given above is that the shirk prohibited in this
verse is the hidden shirk of showing off (riya'). And that a deed may
though be for Allah alone but, along with it, should it become associated
with some selfish motive of name, fame and recognition, then, this too
will be a kind of hidden shirk, something that makes one's deed go
waste, even harmful.
However, there are some other Sahih Ahadith which apparently
seem to indicate otherwise. For example, Tirmidhi reports from
Sayyidna Abu Hurairah 4
that he submitted before the Holy Prophet
: 'There are times when I am on my prayer mat inside my house (mak-
ing Salah) and, all of a sudden, there comes someone. I like it that he
saw me in that state. (Would that be riya'?)' The Holy Prophet
¿ said,
'O Abu Hurairah, may Allah have mercy on you. Then you get two re-
wards, one for the deed you were already doing in secret, and the other
for what you did openly after the coming of that person. (This is no
riya').'
And according to a narration of Sayyidna Abu Dharr al-Ghifari ge
appearing in the Sahih of Muslim, the Holy Prophet
was asked,
'What do you say about a person who does some good deed, then hears
people praising it?' The Holy Prophet
said, تِلْكَ عَاجلُ بُشُرَى الْمُؤْمِن :"This is
instant good news for the believer." (that his deed was accepted with
Allah and He had his servants praise it).
The apparent difference in these two kinds of narrations has been re-
solved and brought in agreement in Tafsir Mazhari. It says that the first
kind of narrations about the cause of the revelation of the verse apply to
a particular situation. This is when one associates his intention to please
people or to earn a good name for himself along with the intention of
seeking the pleasure of Allah through his deed to the extent that he fur-
ther increases the frequency of that deed on being praised by people for
it. This is, no doubt, hypocrisy (riya') and hidden shirk.
And the latter narrations, those from Tirmidhi and Muslim, concern
another situation. This is when one has acted for the pleasure of Allah
alone without any inclination of receiving publicity or praise for it and

684
Surah Al-Kahf : 18 : 109 - 110
then Allah Ta'ala, in His grace, gives him fame by making people praise
him. If so, it has nothing to do with riya' (showing off). In fact, this is
spontaneous good news for the believer (that his deed has found accep-
tance with Allah).
Riya' and its Evil Consequences: Stern Warnings of Hadith
Sayyidna Mahmud ibn Labid 4
reports that the Holy Prophet
said, 'What I fear most about you is minor shirk.' The Şahabah asked:
'Ya Rasulallah, what is minor shirk?' He said, 'Riya" (to do something
only to show people). (Reported by Ahmad in his Musnad)
After having reported this Hadith in Shu'ab-al-'Iman, Al-Baihaqi has
also reported the remarks: 'On the day of Qiyamah, when Allah Ta'ala
will reward His servants for their deeds, He will ask the practitioners of
riya' to go for their rewards to those they wanted to impress with their
deeds and find out whether or not they have any for them.'
Sayyidna Abu Hurairah4
reports that the Holy Prophet y said,
"Allah Ta'ala says 'I am free and above from associating with those asso-
ciated with Me. Whoever does a good deed and then associates in it some-
one else with Me, then, I leave the entire deed for the one associated.'
And, according to another narration, 'I withdraw from that deed making
it exclusive for the person associated with me.' (Narrated by Muslim)
And Sayyidna 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar
reports that he heard the
Holy Prophet
saying, 'Whoever does a good deed to earn a fair name
among people, then, Allah Ta'ala too deals with him in a manner that he
is disgraced before them.' (Narrated by Ahmad in Shu'ab-al-'Īman - from Tafsir
Mazharī)
It appears in Tafsir al-Qurtubi that Sayyidna Hasan al-Basri was
asked about ikhlas (unalloyed sincerity) and riya' (showing off). He said:
Ikhlas requires that your good deeds remaining hidden should be what
you like and the bad deeds remaining hidden should be what you do not
like. After that, if Allah Ta'ala discloses your deeds before the people,
you should say, 'Ya Allah, all this is Your grace and favor, not the out-
come of my deed and effort.'
And Tirmidhi reports from Sayyidna Abu Bakr
that the Holy

685
Surah Al-Kahf : 18 : 109 - 110
Prophet once mentioned shirk by saying: هُوَفِيُكُمْ أَخُفى مِنْ دَبيُبِ النَّمُل (It is
right there in you more stealthily than the soundless movement of an
ant). Then, he added, 'I tell you something which, if you do, you will re-
main safe against all sorts of shirk, major or minor (riya'). Make this
prayer (du'a') three times every day:
اللَّهُمَّ إِىُ أَعُوذُبِكَ آَنُ أُشْرِكَ بِكَ وَأَنَا أَعْلَمُ وَاَسْتَغْفِرُكَ لِمَا لاَأَعْلَمُ
O' Allah, I seek refuge with You lest I associate a partner with
You while I know and I seek forgiveness from You for what I do
not know.
Some Merits and Properties of Surah al-Kahf
Sayyidna Abu al-Darda'
reports that the Holy Prophet > said,
"Whoever remembers to recite the first ten verses of Surah al-Kahf will
remain safe against the fitnah (upheaval, trial) caused by Dajjal
(anti-Christ). (Reported by Muslim, Ahmad, Abu Dawud and al-Nasa'i)
And Imam Ahmad, Muslim and al-Nasa'i have reported within this
narration from Sayyidna Abu al-Darda' words to the effect that 'whoever
remembers to recite the last ten verses of Surah al-Kahf will remain safe
against the fitnah of Dajjal.'
And according to a narration of Sayyidna Anas 4ee, the Holy Prophet
" said, "Whoever recites the initial and the concluding verses of Surah
al-Kahf will have light for him, from his feet up to his head. And whoev-
er recites this Surah in full will have light for him, from the ground up to
the sky." (Reported by Ibn al-Sunni, and Ahmad in his Musnad)
And as narrated by Sayyidna Abu Sa'id 40, the Holy Prophet
said, "Whoever recites Surah al-Kahf in full on the day of Jumu'ah will
have light for him until the next Jumu'ah. (Reported and declared as Şahin by
al-Hakim and al-Baihaqi in al-Da'awat - from Mazharī)
To Sayyidna 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas
someone said, 'I resolve in my
heart to wake up in the later part of night and make Salah but sleep
overtakes me.' Sayyidna 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas said to him, 'recite the last
verses of Surah al-Kahf -from: 109) قُلُ لَّوُكَانَ الْبَحُرُ مِدَادًا) to the end of the
Surah (110) - before you sleep. Then, the time you intend to wake up will
be the time when Allah Ta'ala will wake you up.' (Reported by ath-Tha'alibi)

686
Surah Al-Kahf : 18 : 109 - 110
And according to the Musnad of al-Darimi, Zirr ibn Hubaish told
'Abdah, 'Anyone who sleeps after having recited these last verses will
wake up at the time he or she intends to.' And 'Abdah says, 'we have
tried this repeatedly. It happens just like that.'
An important word of advice
Ibn al-'Arabi quotes his Shaikh, Turtushi: 'Let not the hours of your
dear life pass away confronting contemporaries and socializing with
friends. Watch out! Allah Ta'ala has concluded His statement on the fol-
lowing verse:
فَمَنْ كَانَ يَرْجُوْا لِقَاءَ رَبِّهِ فَلْيَعُمَلُ عَمَلاً صَالِحًا وَ لاَ يُشْرِكُ بِعِبَادَةِ رَبِّهِ أَحَدًا
So the one who hopes to meet his Lord must do righteous deed
and must not associate anyone in the worship of his Lord - 110
(Al-Qurțubi)
Alhamdulillah
The Commentary on
Surah al-Kahf
And Volume V
End here.

Index
689
A
(al) 'Athar-al-Baqiyah 651
'A'ishah 145, 304, 455, 456, 460, 519, 527, 616,
617
‘Abbas b. 'Abdulmuttalib 76
'Abdul A'la, the poet 487
‘Abdul-'Uzza b. Qatan 659
'Abdullah b. 'Umayyah 219
'Abdullah b. 'Abbas 27, 43, 46, 56, 67, 80,
110, 142, 145, 148, 154, 157, 176, 230, 246,
255, 305, 311, 318, 321, 357, 366, 372, 420,
427, 440, 447, 455, 456, 475, 480, 481, 495,
505, 521, 522, 532, 540, 547, 548, 549, 559,
570, 571, 573, 574, 579, 580, 586, 586, 593,
603, 605, 609, 613, 614, 615, 616, 623, 635,
638, 640, 682, 685
‘Abdullah b. Khurdazbih 671
'Abdullah b. Mas'ud 53, 55, 80, 162, 169,
206, 207, 253, 265, 289, 381, 382, 399, 440,
456, 489, 491, 495, 504, 509, 541, 546, 547,
548
‘Abdullah b. Mubarak 509
'Abdullah b. Shaddad 35
'Abdullah b. 'Umar 215, 261, 456, 460,
480, 482, 539, 591, 644, 662, 684
‘Abdullah b. Zubair 104
'Abdurrahman b. 'Auf 354
‘Abdurrahman b. Quraz 456
‘Abdurrahman b. Samurah 103
‘Abdurrahman b. Yazid 661
'Ad, people of - 174, 256, 287, 296
'Adl, 496,
- defined 401, 402
'Alam-al-mithal 28
'Ali b. Abi Talib 4
104, 199, 318, 380,
383, 420, 455, 575, 484, 526, 616, 643,
650,680
'Alusi, 'Allamah Mahmud 305, 546,
670
‘Amir b. Rabi'ah 122
‘Amman 581
‘Ammar b. Yasir 417, 418
'Amr b. Shu'aib 504
'Aqabah, the Gulf of; 579, 580, 623
'Arabic language 246, 247, 249
'Arsh, see Throne
'Aş b. Wa'il 328
‘Atikah 31
‘Ațiyyah al-'Awfi 573
'Awf b. Malik 206
'Azīz of Mișr 55, 58, 63, 65, 66, 68, 72, 77,
79, 80, 89, 90, 92, 93, 96, 102, 113, 115,
116, 136, 147, 148, 150, 163
'Akhirah, see Hereafter
'Amidi, Saifuddin 362
Abrogation, see Naskh
Abu 'Awanah 664
Abu 'Ubaidah b. Jarrah 354
Abu 'Umamah 456, 473, 480, 539
Abu 'Usaid, al-Badri 483
Abu al-'Aliyah 475
Abu al-Darda' 253, 296, 480, 539, 570,
640,685
Abu al-Hamra' 456
Abu al-Mansur 177
Abu Ayyub al-Anşarı 214, 456
Abu Bakr 4 55, 261, 511, 512, 563, 592,
643, 684
Abu Bakr b. Samma, Himyari 651

Index
690
Abu Dawud 199, 206, 322, 380, 559, 570,
662
Abu Dharr al-Ghifari 216, 456, 460,
683
Abu Hanifah, Imam 337, 360, 397, 414,
419, 420, 532
Abu Hayyah 456
Abu Hayyan 500, 546, 578, 580, 583, 595,
599, 606, 631, 634, 645, 650, 651, 655,
671, 680
Abu Hurairah 61, 67, 71, 90, 145, 158,
322, 456, 494, 504, 526, 561, 564, 591,
615, 637, 662, 663, 664, 667, 680, 683,
684
Abu Ishaq 643
Abu Jahl 219
Abu Lahab 511
Abu Laila 456
Abū Nu'aim Işbahani 321, 458, 682
Abu Rafi' 664
Abu Raja' 475
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri 456, 509, 542, 615,
661, 662, 663, 681, 685
Abu Şalih 302
Abu Sufyan b. Harb, 422, 458, 459
Abu Țalib 167, 281
Abu Ya'la, Hafiz 399, 564
Abul-'Abbas al-A'ma, the poet 487
Abullaith 360
'Adam el 238, 244, 247, 281, 289, 303,
316, 317, 332, 380, 520, 521, 523, 524,
525, 538, 619, 644, 662, 672
Adhan 311, 491
Africa 191
Ahadith,
the protection of - 300, 301, 364
- are necessary to understand Qur'an 363
Ahmad b. Hanbal Imam 231, 253,
289, 360, 448, 461, 480, 527, 539, 563,
570, 615, 662, 663, 676, 684, 685
Ahmad Sarhandi, Sheikh, Mujad-
did Alf-thani 142, 153, 539, 645
Aḥzab,
the battle of - 251, 530
Aikah 637
Aikah, the people of; 324
Ailah, see 'Aqabah
Aktham b. Şaifi 399, 400
Alexender 649, 652
America 191
Anas b. Malik 214, 253, 261, 296, 527,
564, 570, 592, 613, 621, 685
Andalus, see Spain
Angels,
two groups of - 199
- act as guards 199, 200
- emerge from each door of Jannah 211
language of - 246
nobody sees - 264
- sent down for punishment 297
conversation of - 304
Allah tells - about creation of Adam 313
Allah sends down the - with the spirit
331
- bring death 345
- do as they commanded 368
- greet the Holy Prophet
457
- are taken by pagans as daughters of
Allah 506
- ordered to prostrate before 'Adam
520, 619
- are not sent as messengers 553, 554
Anger 145
Anțakia 637
Antioch, see Anțakiya
Anwar Shah Kashmiri, Maulana
617, 671, 672, 674, 675

Index
691
Apostacy 421, 519
Arabia 322, 349, 369, 427, 473, 644, 667
Archaeology 323
Ard al-Qur'an 581
Aremnia 623
Aristotle 649
Asghar Husain, Maulana Sayyid
410
Asia 191
Asma' bint Abi Bakr 456, 481
Aswad b. 'Abd Yaghuth 328
Aswad b. Muttalib 328
Atlantic Ocean 623
Awjaz-al-Masalik 445
Awzai Imam 360
Ayyub 89 163
Azad, Abul Kalam 580
Azhari 357
Azraqi 651
B
(al) Baghawi, 167, 219, 221, 549, 609
(al) Baihaqi 142, 246, 253, 289, 317, 321,
480, 481, 495, 538, 539, 684, 685
(al) Bairuni, Abu Raihan 651
(al) Bait al-Ma'mur 457
(al) Bazzar 269, 494
(al) Bidayah wa al-Nihayah 649, 651,
662, 664, 671
(al) Bahr al-Muhit 106, 275, 276, 351,
369, 430, 500, 578, 583, 595, 599, 600,
631, 633, 645, 650, 655, 675, 678, 679
Babul-Abwab 672, 673
Babylon 31, 463, 464, 465, 652
Backbiting 34, 502
Badr 222, 251
Baghdad 641
Baidawi, Qadi 271
Baidusis, the King 586, 598
Baitulmaqdis (Jerusalem) 162, 356,
456, 458, 459, 463, 465, 466, 467, 468,
652, 661
Banu Isra'il, see Israelities
Bara' b. 'Azib 263
Barzakh 263
Barzanji, Sharif 668
Bayan al-Qur'an 29, 297, 397, 412, 432,
464, 466, 557, 679
Baytullah 219, 274, 276, 279, 281, 457,
461, 469, 541, 563, 667
Benyamin 39, 115, 120, 122, 127, 128,
129, 130, 131, 134, 136, 137, 139, 146,
147, 156, 581
Berbers 222, 673
Bid'ah (innovation in religion) 478
Bilal b. Rabah 491
Book of Deeds 526
Bribe 409
Bukhara 672, 673
Bukhari 61, 90, 132, 139, 145, 155, 157,
158, 176, 199, 214, 215, 227, 231, 244,
261, 279, 289, 304, 322, 440, 458, 480,
481, 482, 494, 495, 542, 546, 547, 549,
574, 584, 591, 592, 616, 623, 624, 627,
629, 630, 636, 662, 663, 665, 680, 681
Buraidah b. Huşaib 546, 494
Bustani 672
C
Caesar 458, 466

Index
692
Cairo 578
Can'aan 110, 140, 155, 163
Capitalism 387, 437
Caspean sea 672, 673
Castille 672
Caucasia 672, 673
Caucasus 673, 674
Cave, see Kahf
Cella Burger 672
Ceylon, see Sarandip
Children of mushriks 474
China 670, 671, 672, 673
Christians 197, 238, 248, 282, 298, 299,
357, 358, 427, 442, 466, 508, 562, 579,
585, 602, 605, 607
Church 298
Coins 596
Communist 387
Concentration of wealth 386
Constantine I 464
Cordova, see Qurțubah
Covenant 206, 212, 214, 406, 407, 408, Dhul Qarnain 550, 572, 586, 646, 647,
499
Curse 217, 346
Cyrus, see Kisrā
D
(al) Dārimi, Imam 686
Da'wah 80, 83, 84, 244, 248, 328, 429, 430,
431, 432, 433, 434, 438, 439, 440, 441,
442, 445, 446, 609, 610
Da'irah al-Ma'arif al-‘Arabiyyah
581, 672
Daghistan 672, 673
Daļhak 56, 153, 311, 573, 577
Dailam 512, 641
Dailami 538, 570
Dajjal, the imposter (Antichrist)
461, 570, 643, 658, 659, 660, 661, 662,
668, 669, 674, 685
Damascus 296
Daniyal (Daniel) 31, 651
Darband 672, 673
Darius (Dāra) 649, 652
Darquțni, Imam 447
Daryal Pass 673
Date-palm 260, 261, 262, 373
Dawud de 219, 272, 465, 508, 517, 560
Dayyanus 583, 586, 598, 599
Dead Sea 323, 581
Deoband 410
Desire of sin 59, 61, 217, 608
Destination, see Taqdir
Dhahabi, Ibn al-Qasim 460
Dhikr (Remembering Allah) 509
Dhu Niwas 603
648, 649, 650, 651, 652, 653, 654, 655,
656, 657, 664, 666, 669, 670, 671, 673,
674
Diyah al-Kalbi 458
Distribution of Wealth in Islam 389
Diya' al-Maqdisi 570
Dream
the nature and status of - 27
- is a part of prophethood 29
True - 31
Relating - to well-wishers 32
when bad - is seen 32
- of the King of Egypt 86
mismash of - 86
fulfilment of - 152, 164

Index
693
- of making tawaf 175
mi‘raj in - 455, 519
- of wathiq billah 671
Du'a' (prayer, supplication) 231, 271,
275, 276, 277, 280, 643
E
Economic equality 385, 386, 387, 388
Education 356
Egypt 47, 54, 55, 56, 86, 94, 97, 101, 105,
107, 109, 110, 113, 121, 128, 134, 137,
139, 140, 143, 147, 152, 155, 156, 157,
160, 162, 248, 251, 354, 463
Embellishment 338, 572, 610, 614
Ephesus 580, 581, 583, 586, 596
Ethiopia 351
Euphrates 641
Europe 674
Eve, see Hawwa'
Evil Eye 121, 122
Extravagance, see Israf and Tabdhir
F
Faghfur 672
Fancy 295, 296
Fasting 132
Fath al-Bari 663
G
(al) Ghazali, Muhammad 313, 360,
443, 444
Gabriel, see Jibra'il
Gambling 387
Gharnațah 578, 579, 580
Ghibah (backbiting) 34, 502
Gibralter 623
Gog and Magog (Yajuj and Majuj)
645, 647, 656, 657, 658, 661, 662, 663,
664, 665, 666, 669 670, 671, 674, 675,
676, 677
Gospel, see Injil
Government
Seeking an office of - 103
accepting an office of a Kafir - 104, 105
Granada, see Gharnațah
Gratitude, see Shukr
Great wall of China 673
Grudge 318
Guarantee, see Kafalah
Guidance
- is an act of God 237
Book of - 239
- came to the people 620
H
(al) Hamasah, Diwan 487
(al) Hamawai, Yaqut 672, 673
(al) Hijr 325
(al) Hisn al-Hașin 643
(al) Humaidi 620
(al) Huruf al-Muqatta'ah, see Isolated
letters
Habib b. Maslamah 587
Hadith Qudsi 379, 501
Hajirah 278, 279
Hajj 299, 355, 651, 663, 667
Hajjaj b. Yusuf 497
Hakim (author of Mustadrak) 68,
246, 480, 615, 640, 643, 662, 682, 686
Hali, Altaf Husain 201
Hamzah b. 'Abdulmuttalib 447
Hanzal, the tree of; 261

Index
694
Haram b. Hayyan 429
Harith b. Țalhah 328
Harun Xcell 432, 434
Hasan al-Başri 56, 63, 145, 158, 162,
297, 311, 327, 357, 519, 616, 684
Hawwa' (Eve) 303, 317
Hebrew 238
Hereafter, ('Akhirah)
the reward of the - 107, 141, 150, 167,
171, 253
remembrance of - 142
real concern should be about - 174, 296
belief in the - 186, 597, 665
Proof of life in the - 190
those having good reward in the - 205,
212, 347, 411, 569
those punished in the - 205, 240, 365
abode of the - 210, 212, 347
preferring this world on the - 325, 241
- in the meaning of Barzakh 263, 264
- overtakes suddenly 285
scenes of the - 283, 284
certitude in - 469
whoever opts for the - 447
Hifzurrahman Seoharwi, Maulana
581, 648, 651, 652 672
Hijaz 325
Hijrah 350, 351, 352, 353, 354, 355
Hikmah, see wisdom
Hilah 132
Hindu 238
Hiraql 442, 459
Honey 378, 379
Honey bee 331, 374, 375, 376, 377, 380
Hud &
435, 436
Hudaibiyyah 175
Hudhayfah b. Yaman 265, 456, 464,
465
Hujjatullah al-Balighah 362
Hunain 251
Husain b. 'Ali 400 104
Hypocrisy 216, 680
Hypocrites 444
I
(al) Iqtisad fi attaqlid wa al-ijtihad
363
(al) Itqan 247
'Tikrimah 290, 310, 384, 574, 615
'Ilm al-Ghayb 172, 194, 197
'Ilm al-Kalam 507
'Iqd al-jid 362
'Iraq 248, 353
'Iraqi, Zainuddin 444
'Isa Xd91 46, 67, 172, 220, 253, 277, 454,
464, 466, 467, 508, 526, 542, 545, 575,
582, 585, 586, 591, 596, 644, 649, 650,
660, 661, 662, 666, 667, 668, 669, 670,
674, 675
‘Iyad b. Himar 504
'Iyad, Qadi 455, 542
'Īman,
the special effect of - 263
- is proved by the deeds 327
forfeiture of - 408
- could work wonders 421
Absence of 470
No deed is acceptable without - 479
-leaves when one is engaged in zina 495
- in existence of Allah is not enough 665
Ibn 'Abbas, see 'Abdullah b. 'Abbas
Ibn 'Abdulbar 29
Ibn 'Asakir 480, 649, 682
Ibn 'Ațiyyah 369, 409, 411, 578, 579, 580,
592, 623, 629, 640, 656
Ibn Abi al-Dunya 643, 682

695
Index
Ibn Abi Hatim 46, 528, 579, 593, 640,
682
Ibn Abi Shaibah 579, 593, 635, 640
Ibn al-'Arabi 48, 353, 356, 665, 686
Ibn al-Haşşar 449
Ibn al-Humam 360
Ibn al-Jazri 643
Ibn al-Mundhir 542,561 579, 593, 640
Ibn al-Sunni 564, 685
Ibn Hajar, Hafiz 575, 662, 664
Ibn Hibban 261, 448, 615, 664
Ibn Ishaq 59, 109, 134, 162, 460, 586
Ibn Jarīr, al-Țabarī 34, 46, 90, 141,
156, 199, 289, 317, 361, 414, 541, 564,
561, 570, 571, 579, 580, 587, 603, 616,
671
Ibn Kathir 52, 53, 79, 82, 109, 111, 112,
134, 156, 162, 172, 241, 264, 388, 401,
413, 414, 456, 457, 458, 529, 532, 534,
541, 546, 547, 582, 583, 584, 585, 587,
589, 606, 649, 650, 651, 652, 662, 663,
664, 671, 676
Ibn Khaldun 162, 670
Ibn Khuwaizmandad 597
Ibn Khuzaimah 448
Ibn Majah 32, 444, 480, 495, 509, 538,
559,663
Ibn Marduwayh 321, 491, 609
Ibn Qudamah 360
Ibn Qutaibah 590
Ibn Taimiyyah 246, 361
Ibrahim &gal 24, 35, 78, 81, 110, 148, 153,
172, 236, 273, 272, 275, 276, 277, 278,
279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 320, 253, 425,
426, 427, 428, 457, 526, 642, 650, 651
Ibrahim al-Nakhai, see Nakhai
Idrisi 672
Ifra'im (s/o Yusuf &gel) 102, 163, 623
Ifsus, see Ephesus
Iņkām al-Ahkam 362
Iņsan 403, 404, 450
Ijārah 132
Ijma' 360, 399
Ijtihad 140, 175, 359, 360, 362
Ikhlaş 64, 327, 684
Ikrah (compulsion) 418, 419
Ilham (inspiration) 28, 29, 549, 631,
655
Ilyas 89 645
India 194, 349, 539, 672
Injil (Gospel) 38, 177, 298, 299, 358, 571,
648
Intercession (Shafa'ah) 538, 539
Interest 387
Interpretation
- of dreams 24, 33, 34, 82, 84, 86, 87, 88,
89
- of the Qur'an 358
Iran 464, 465, 623, 673
Isaiah,
the Book of - 581
Ișbahāni, see Abū Nu'aim
Ishaq gel 24, 35, 78, 81, 110, 135, 148,
153, 162, 274
Ismail 859 274, 275, 278, 279, 285, 349
Isolated letters 25, 26, 182, 236
Isra'ilite reports 109, 162, 648
Israe'ilites 163, 251, 254, 298, 462, 463,
465, 466, 467, 470, 558, 559, 624, 625,
651
Israf (extravagance) 489
Israfil, the angel 514

696
Index
Işțakhri 673
Istiwa' 184
Izmir 581
Jubair b. Nufair 528
Jundub b. Zuhair 682
Jurayj 67
Justice, see 'Adl
J
(al) Jaşsaș, Imam Abu Bakr, 104,
544, 548
Ja'far b. Abi Talib 124
Jabir b. 'Abdullah 244, 289, 444, 456,
485, 491, 615, 644
Jabir b. Samurah 509
Jabir b. Zayd 169, 490
Jahannam (Hell) 217, 257, 260, 265,
267, 290, 317, 339, 345, 370, 457, 462,
470, 494, 495, 504, 520, 609, 616, 617,
662
Jann 312
Jannah 205, 210, 216, 217, 246, 259, 318,
319, 339, 347, 457, 480, 504, 539, 611,
617, 662, 680
Jawhari, Abulfadl 592
Jerusalem, see Baitulmaqdis
Jesus Christ, see Īsa XE
Jews 25, 26, 37, 162, 167, 197, 248, 282,
290, 298, 299, 357, 358, 423, 427, 463,
464, 468, 529, 546, 547, 550, 560, 562,
571, 585, 601, 605, 607, 647, 648, 651,
652
Jibra'il 85 47, 153, 281, 328, 403, 415,
457, 458, 485, 525, 545, 547, 571
Jihad 48, 252, 274, 311, 355, 413, 482, 560,
579, 593
Jinns 200, 264, 303; 312, 525, 552, 677
Jordan 323, 354, 581, 623
Joshua, see Yusha')
Joshua, the Book of 581
K
(al) Khadir 130, 624, 625, 626, 627, 628,
629, 630, 631, 632, 633, 634, 635, 636,
637, 638, 639, 641, 642, 643, 644, 645,
646,655
(al) Khaşa'iş al-Kubra 508
Ka'astitiunis 603
Ka'b al-Aķbār 119, 200, 574, 579, 638,
664
Ka'b b. Malik 4
e 158, 311, 512
Kafalah (surety/guarantee) 120, 132
Kaffarah
- of Yamin 407, 448
Kafir 217, 276, 421, 680
Kahf, the people of, 550, 572, 573, 574,
575, 576, 577, 578, 579, 580, 581, 582,
583, 584, 585, 586, 588, 589, 591, 592,
593, 594, 597, 598, 599, 600, 602, 603,
604, 605, 606, 607, 647
Kalbi 169
Karamah 69, 590, 591, 593
Kashf (illumination) 549, 634, 655
Khabbab b. Aratt 417
Khadijah b. Khuwailid 460, 483
Khalil (the town) 110
Khashyah, explained 207
Khawarij 538, 680
Khilafah 104
Khurshev, Nikita 388
Khuzaimah b. Thabit 381

697
Index
Kilafchu 672
Kisra (Cyrus), the monarch of Iran
31, 651, 673
Kitab al-Hawatif 643
Knowledge ('Ilm)
- is not personal excellence 393, 394
- is a brotherhood of the learned 444
foremost in - 624
two kinds of - Shari'ah and Takwin 633
- of the unseen, see 'Ilm al-Ghayb
Kufr 237, 238, 417, 426, 495, 509, 621, 665
L
(al) Lawh al-Mahfuz, see 'Preserved
Tablet)
(al) Lubab 605
Lawshah (Lojah) 578
Laylatulqadr 230
Layya (wife of Ya'qub ) 38, 156
Liquor 374
Lojah, see Lawshah
Ludd 660
Luqțah 41
Lut Sca) 174, 243, 320, 323
Lyon Sidov 389
M
(al) Masjid al-Aqsa 453, 460, 461
(al) Masjid al-Haram 356, 453, 460,
461
(al) Masjid An-Nabawiyy 356, 510
(al) Mawardi 49, 106, 602
(al) Mu'jim al-Awsat 603
(al) Mukhtarah 571
(al) Muwafaqat 361, 362, 363
(Tafsir) Mazharī 27, 30, 33, 87, 102,
130, 137, 290, 474, 492, 502, 528, 532,
534, 536, 538, 539, 547, 548, 561, 564,
583, 586, 593, 598, 633, 641, 645
Ma'rifatuş-Şahabah by Abu Ya'la
399
Ma'mun al-Rashid 298
Madinah 37, 351, 422, 460, 461, 529, 540,
541, 546, 550, 571, 585, 643, 652, 661,
667
Madyan 324, 354
Magic 511
Mahdiyy 666, 668
Mahmud b. Labid 684
Mashar 67, 141, 289, 290, 327, 529
Makkah 25, 37, 167, 175, 176, 219, 221,
222, 223, 268, 274, 275, 277, 279, 281,
282, 285, 297, 325, 357, 401, 422, 426,
448, 449, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 461,
509, 513, 519, 528, 529, 530, 540, 541,
547, 549, 550, 556, 557, 571, 605, 609,
647
Malik b. Anas, Imam 120, 360, 444,
445, 489, 509, 532
Malik b. Dinar 142
Malik b. Du'bar 51, 52
Mansha s/o Yusuf 89 102, 163
Magam Mahmud, see praised station
Marriage, see nikah
Marțunis 663
Maryam, (Mary) 57, 67, 171, 172
Mas'udi, the historian 673
Masjid 601
Masruq b. Ajda‘ 615
Mesmerism 123
Mi'raj (Ascent to heavens) 220, 453,
454, 456, 459, 460, 470, 519, 520, 535

698
Index
Mika'il 525
Milk,
production of - 371, 372, 373
Miracle
- of Yusuf 89 153
- of the Holy Prophet # 193
Demand of the disbelievers to show -
220, 228, 229, 553
- of'Adam 281
- of Musa 628, 629
Mischief on the earth 213, 462, 463
Miskin, defined 638
Mongols 666, 670
Moon
- seen in the dream 24, 27
- is subjugated 182, 184, 266, 267, 270,
271
Mousel, the city of 672
Mu'adh al-Juhani 563
Mu'adh b. Jabal 164, 210
Mu'awiyah b. Abi Sufyan 104, 495,
519, 579, 593
Mu'jim al-Buldan 672, 673
Mu'tazilah 538, 680
Muhammad % 25, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33,
34, 37, 60, 85, 90, 103, 120, 122, 132, 138,
139, 142, 145, 150, 158, 163, 165, 166,
167, 169, 171, 175, 176, 177, 183, 190,
192, 206, 210, 214, 215, 216, 220, 224,
227, 232, 236, 238, 239, 243, 244, 245,
246, 247, 248, 249, 251, 252, 253, 255,
261, 262, 267, 281, 285, 286, 288, 296,
297, 299, 300, 301, 303, 304, 605, 311,
316, 321, 322, 323, 325, 327, 332, 349,
350, 353, 356, 357, 361, 363, 364, 378, .
379, 380, 381, 383, 399, 400, 401, 405,
407, 413, 414, 418, 422, 426, 427, 429,
430, 440, 441, 442, 445, 447, 448, 450,
453, 545, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460,
465, 467, 468, 470, 473, 478, 480, 481,
482, 483, 484, 485 486, 487, 490, 491,
492, 493, 494, 495, 504, 505, 508, 509,
510, 511, 512, 514, 517, 519, 526, 527,
528, 529, 530, 531, 533, 534, 536, 538,
539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 546, 547, 548,
549, 551, 553, 555, 556, 560, 561, 563,
564, 570, 571, 575, 576, 582, 587, 588,
591, 592, 601, 602, 604, 605, 609, 613,
615, 616, 620, 621, 624, 625, 626, 627,
635, 640, 643, 644, 645, 647, 652, 657,
658, 662, 663, 664, 665, 666, 669, 680,
681, 683, 684, 685
Muhammad b. Ka'b al-Qurazi 458
Muhammad b. Munkadir 641
Muhammad b. Sirin 63, 637
Mujaddid Alf-thani, see Ahmad
Sarhandi
Mujahid 54, 56, 63, 117, 150, 195, 261,
282, 302, 311, 366, 460, 475, 489, 519,
526, 573, 613, 615
Mujtahid 140
Muksalmina 603
Munawī, 'Abdurra'uf 313
Munkar and Nakir 265
Muqaddimah Ibn Khaldun 162, 671
Muqatil b. Sulayman 141
Murder 495
Musa Skal 55, 57, 67, 130, 162, 163, 172,
250, 251, 252, 254, 255, 353, 432, 434,
438, 439, 457, 462, 466, 467, 526, 558,
559, 560, 622, 623, 624, 625, 626, 627,
628, 629, 630, 631, 632, 633, 634, 635,
636, 645, 655
Musa b. 'Uqbah 460
Muslim, Imam 32, 51, 61, 62, 103, 139,
155, 157, 214, 215, 227, 244, 253, 290,
305, 322, 494, 495, 504, 509, 533, 542,
546, 547, 615, 616, 624, 627, 636, 643,

Index
699
644, 662, 663, 669, 670, 674, 680, 681, Nawwas b. Sam'an 658
683, 684, 685
Muzani 360
N
(al) Nahdi, Abu 'Uthman 475
(al) Nakhai, Ibrahim 419, 510, 615
Nabiyy (Prophet)
- is protected 60
the duty of - 95
- is a human being 170, 357, 554
whether a woman can be a - 172
- is generally from urban area 173
- is sent to every nation 193, 349
- has wife and children 226,
mission of a - 236
- is sent in the language of the people 243
- is not overpowered by his emotional
state 280
- is responsible for conveying the message
only 348
can a - be affected by magic? 511
- is sent as a warner - 620
Nadr b. Harith 471, 571
Nadr b. Sa'd 561
Nadwi, Maulana Muhammad Su-
layman 581
Nafs 314, 402
Nafs Mutma'innah 98
Nafs, 'ammarah 96, 98
Nafs, Lawwamah 98
Najdah al-Haruri 635
Najran 602
Nanotawi, Maulana M. Ya'qub 337
Nasa'ī 261, 322, 460, 559, 570, 586
Naskh (abrogation 230
Nationalism 584
Nausherwan 673
Nawf al-Bakali 623
Nebuchadnezzar 31, 463, 465, 649, 652
Necessity 423
Nikah (marriage) 419
Nimrud 148, 153, 427, 649
Niyyah (intention) 268
Nu'man b. Bashir 575, 615
Nuh X 171, 256, 278, 281, 435, 462, 474,
658, 666
Numbers, the book of - 581
O
Ornaments 339, 342, 610, 611
Orphan 497, 498
P
Pakistan 349
Palestine 110, 140, 155, 163, 469, 579, 652
Parables 203, 204, 205, 259, 261, 262, 614
Parents,
the rights of - 479, 480, 483, 484
righteousness of - reaches children 640
Patience, see Şabr
Persia, see Iran
Petra 580, 581
Pharaoh 67, 432, 434, 438, 439, 558
Pledge, see covenant
Potiphar, see 'Aziz of Misr
Praised station (Maqam Mahmud)
531, 538, 539
Prayer, see Salah or Du'a'
Preserved Tablet (al-Lauḥ al-
Mahfuz) 229, 231, 246, 621
Prophet, see Nabiyy
Prostration

Index
700
- of the sun, moon and the stars 24, 27
- of the parents and brothers of Yusuf 152
two kinds of - 157
- as a part of Salah 163
- to someone other than Allah 164, 178,
601
merits of - 311
Refusal of Satan to - 313
- of the shadows 368
- of the angels 313, 368, 619
- in tahajjud 538
Punishment of Grave 263, 264
Q
(al) Qamūs al-Muhiț 613
(al) Qurțubi 27, 28, 41, 44, 47, 50, 52, 61,
72, 91, 102, 109, 129, 130, 138, 139, 140,
143, 144, 145, 148, 158, 162, 242, 247,
281, 298, 311, 327, 352, 353, 356, 395,
402, 403, 429, 449, 455, 459, 464, 479,
481, 489, 502, 508, 509, 510, 511, 513,
516, 517, 532, 535, 542, 546, 577, 580,
592, 596, 597, 598, 606, 616, 617, 620,
631, 641, 644, 645, 669, 670, 680, 684
Qadiani, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad 30
Qaf, the mount of 673, 674
Qafqaz 673, 674
Qaşaş al-Qur'an 648, 672
Qatadah 56, 88, 117, 125, 229, 302, 310,
311, 473, 541, 573, 606, 607, 613, 616,
623, 664
Qimar (gambling) 48
Qişaș (see also retaliation) 496, 497
Qitfir, see 'Azīz of Mişr
Qiyas 360, 399
Qur'an
The style of - 24
the terminology of - 172, 546
- is a guidance 177
- is a mercy 177, 531
veracity of - 182
recitation of - 238, 239, 262, 327, 412,
562, 563
understanding of - 241, 366
miraculous quality of - 245
methodology of - 252, 576
- protected from distortion 298, 299, 300
- tested by a Jew 298, 299
summary of - 326
Modern transports in the - 337
seven versions of the - 361
- is exposition of every thing 398, 399
the way of - is the most upright 471
- is a cure 531, 542
- is divided in portions 558
no crookedness in - 569, 572
Quraish 167, 175, 281, 528, 530, 547, 549,
550, 609, 647
Qurțubah (Cordova) 513
Qusayy 220, 401, 571
Qushairi 542
R
Ra'il, see Zulaikhā
Rabb, called for someone other
than Allah 58
Rahil (wife of Ya'qub (El) 38, 156
Rahma daughter of Yusuf 85 163
Ramadan 132
Raqa'iq Ibn al-Mubarak 509
Raqim 573, 574, 577, 578, 579, 580, 581,
599
Raqyus,
the city of - 579
Ray,
the town of - 512
Rayyan b. 'Usaid 55
Razī, Abu 'Abdullah 402
Razi, Fakhruddin 313, 360
Red Sea 623
Relations