Indexed OCR Text

1033
Sūrah Al-Hashr 59:3-6
وَلَوْلَا أَنْ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْجَلَءَ لَعَذَّبَهُمْ فِ الدُّنْيِّ وَلَهُمْ فِ اُلْآَخِرَةِ عَذَابُ
ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ شَاقُواْ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَّةٌ، وَمَن يُشَآَقِّ اللَّهَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ شَدِيدُ
مَا قَطَعْتُم مِّن لِّينَةٍ أَوْ تَرَكْتُمُوهَا قَآئِمَةً عَلَى أُصُولِهَا فَبِإِذْنِ
اَلْعِقَابِ
وَمَآ أَفَآءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِنْهُمْ فَمَآ أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ
اللَّهِ وَلِيُخْزِىَ الْفَسِقِينَ
مِنْ خَيْلٍ وَلَا رِكَابٍ وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ يُسَلِّطُ رُسُلَهُ عَلَى مَن يَشَاءُ وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ
شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
If Allah had not destined exile for them, He would have punished them
in the world. And for them in the Hereafter is the torment of the Fire. [3]
That is because they were hostile to Allah and His Messenger. And
whoever has hostility with Allah (must know that) Allah is severe in
punishment. [4] Whatever palm-trees you have cut down, or have left
them standing on their roots, it was with Allah's permission, and so that
He might disgrace the transgressors. 3 [5]
And whatever fai' 4 (left over property) Allah has passed on to His
Messenger from them, you had not urged on your horses or camels for it,
but Allah gives predominance to His messengers over whomsoever He
wills, and Allah is Powerful over every thing. [6]
spared nothing and removed even the doors of their homes to take with them.
Thus, they spoiled their homes with their own hands.
3) During besiege of their fortresses, some of the palm trees were cut down by
the Muslims to stop supply of dates to them. Objections were raised against this
action. The verse refutes the objections by declaring that this was done with
Allah's permission, as such acts are permitted in a state of war, if the strategy
so requires.
4) Fai' is a term for the properties left over by Non-Muslims and possessed by
a Muslim state without fighting. As opposed to this, ghanimah (spoils of war) is
a property taken over in the course of fighting, the rules about which are
mentioned by the Holy Qur'an in Surah Al-Anfal (8:41). The immovable
properties of Banu Nadir were taken over without fighting. The words 'you had
not urged on your horses or camels for it' refer to this aspect.

1034
Surah Al-Hashr 59:7-9
مَّا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ، مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرَى فَلِلَّهِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِى الْقُرْبَى وَالْيَتَمَى
وَاَلْمَسَكِينِ وَأَبْنِ السَّبِيلِ كَى لَا يَكُونَ دُولَةٌ بَيْنَ اُلْأَغْنِيَاءِ مِنَكُمْ وَمَآ ءَانَنَكُمُ
الرَّسُولُ فَخُذُوهُ وَمَا نَهَنَكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانَهُواْ وَأَتَّقُواْ اللّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ
لِلْفُقَرَآءِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الَّذِينَ أُخْرِجُواْ مِن دِيَرِهِمْ وَأَمْوَلِهِمْ يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلًا مِّنَ اللَّهِ
وَالَّذِينَ تَبَوَّهُو الدَّارَ
وَرِضْوَنَا وَيَنْصُرُونَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ: أُوْلَئِكَ هُمُ الصَّدِقُونَ
وَالْإِيمَنَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ يُحِبُونَ مَنْ هَاجَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَلَا يَجِدُونَ فِى صُدُورِهِمْ حَاجَةً
◌ِمَّا أُوتُواْ وَيُؤْثِرُونَ عَلَى أَنفُسِهِمْ وَلَوْ كَانَ بِهِمَّ خَصَاصَةٌ وَمَن يُوقَ شُحَّ
نَفْسِهِ، فَأُوْلَئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ
Whatever fai' Allah has passed on to His Messenger from the people of
the towns is for Allah and for the Messenger, and for the kinsmen and the
orphans and the needy and the wayfarer, so that it may not circulate only
between the rich among you. And whatever the Messenger gives you,
take it, and whatever he forbids you from, abstain (from it). And fear
Allah. Indeed Allah is severe in punishment. [7] (And fai' is especially)
for the poor emigrants who were expelled from their homes and
properties, while they were seeking Allah's grace and pleasure, and were
helping (the religion of) Allah and His Messenger. They are the truthful.
[8] And (fai' is also) for those who established themselves in the
homeland (of Madinah) and in faith before the former ones (arrived in
Madinah), who have love for those who emigrated to them, and do not
feel in their hearts any ambition for what is given to the former ones
(from fai'), and give preference (to them) over themselves, even though
they are in poverty. 5 _And those who are saved from the greed of their
hearts are the successful .__ [9]
5) These are the qualities of Ansar (the residents of Madinah who helped the
immigrant Muslims from Makkah). They had requested the Holy Prophet
that the properties left by Banu Nadir should be given exclusively to Muhajirin
(the immigrants) and that they did not wish to have any share in it.

1035
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Sūrah Al-Hashr 59:10-14
وَالَّذِينَ جَاءُو مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا أَغْفِرْ لَنَا وَلِإِخْوَيِنَا الَّذِينَ
سَبَقُونَا بِالْإِيمَنِ وَلَا تَجْعَلْ فِ قُلُوبِنَا غِلَّا لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ رَبَّنَا إِنَّكَ رَءُوفٌ رَّحِيمٌ
* أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ نَافَقُواْ يَقُولُونَ لِإِخْوَنِهِمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنْ أَهْلِ
اَلْكِتَبِ لَيِنْ أُخْرِجْتُمْ لَنَخْرُجَنَ مَعَكُمْ وَلَا نُطِيعُ فِيَكُمْ أَحَدًا أَبَدًا وَإِن قُوْتِلْتُمْ
لَيِنْ أُخْرِجُواْ لَا يَخْرُجُونَ مَعَهُمْ وَلَيْن
لَنَنصُرَتَّكُمْ وَاللَّهُ يَشْهَدُ إِنَّهُمْ لَكَذِبُونَ
٢
قُوتِلُواْ لَا يَنَصُرُونَهُمْ وَلَيْن نَّصَرُوهُمْ لَيُوَلُّنَّ الْأَدْبَرَ ثُمَّ لَا يُنصَرُونَ
١٣
لَأَنْتُمْ أَشَدُّ رَهْبَةً فِ صُدُورِهِم مِّنَ اللَّهِ ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لَّا يَفْقَهُونَ
لَا يُقَئِلُونَكُمْ جَمِيعًا إِلَّا فِ قُرَى تُحَصَّنَةٍ أَوْ مِن وَرَآءِ جُدُرٍ بَأَسُهُم بَيْنَهُمْ
شَدِيدٌ تَحْسَبُهُمْ جَمِيعًا وَقُلُوبُهُمْ شَتَّىَّ ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لَّا يَعْقِلُونَ
And (fai' is also) for those who came after them saying, "Our Lord,
forgive us and those of our brothers who preceded us in faith, and do not
place in our hearts any rancor against those who believe; 6 Surely, Our
Lord, you are Very-Kind, Very-Merciful. [10]
Did you not see the hypocrites saying to their brothers from those of the
people of the Book who are unbelievers, "If you are expelled, we will
certainly go out with you, and we will never obey anyone about you. And
if you are fought against, we will definitely help you." Allah bears witness
that they are pure liars. [11] If they are expelled, they will not go out with
them, and if they are fought against, they will not help them. And even if
they help them, they will surely turn their backs, then they will not be
helped. [12] In fact, your fear in their hearts is greater than (that of) Allah.
That is because they are a people who do not understand. [13] They do
not fight you, even assembled together, but in fortified towns, or from
behind the walls. Their quarrelling between themselves is severe. You
think that they are united, while their hearts are divided. That is because
they are a people who have no sense. [14]
6) Particular mention of Muhajirin and Ansar might give an impression that fai'

1036
Sūrah Al-Hashr 59:15-19
كَمَتَلِ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ قَرِيبًا ذَاقُواْ وَبَالَ أَمْرِهِمْ وَلَمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمُ (١٥) كَمَثَلِ
الشَّيْطَانِ إِذْ قَالَ لِلْإِنسَنِ أَكْفُرْ فَلَمَّا كَفَرَ قَالَ إِنِّى بَرِىٌّ مِّنْكَ إِنِّّ
فَكَانَ عَقِبَتَهُمَا أَنَّهُمَا فِى النَّارِ خَالِدَيْنِ فِيَهَاً وَذَلِكَ
أَخَافُ اللَّهَ رَبَّ الْعَلَمِينَ
يَأَيُهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ اتَّقُواْ اللّهَ وَلْتَنْظُرْ نَفْسُ مَّا قَدَمَتْ
جَزَُّؤْاْ الظَّالِمِينَ
لَ وَلَا تَكُونُواْ كَالَّذِينَ نَسُواْ اللَّهَ
لِغَدٍّ وَأَتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ
فَأَنْسَنُهُمْ أَنْفُسَهُمَّ أُوْلَكَ هُمُ الْفَسِقُونَ
The example (of Banū Nadir) is like those who were before them in near
past, 7 who tasted the evil consequence of their conduct, and for them (in
the Hereafter) there is a painful punishment. [15] The example (of the
hypocrites) is like the Shaitan when he says to a human being, "Become
disbeliever" then once he disbelieves, he says, "I disown you; I fear
Allah, the Lord of the worlds." 8 [16] So the end of both of them is that
they will be in the Fire, living there forever. That is the punishment of the
wrongdoers. [17]
O you who believe, fear Allah, and everybody must consider what he (or
she) has sent ahead for tomorrow. And fear Allah. Surely Allah is fully
aware of what you do. [18] Do not be like those who forgot Allah, so He
made them forget their own selves. 9 Those are the sinners. [19]
is not deserved by anyone else. This verse removes this misconception and
declares that even the people of next generations are entitled to get a share in fai'.
7) This refers to another tribe of Jews, namely Banu Qainuqa' who in violation
of the treaty, fought the Holy Prophet , and after facing severe defeat were
exiled from Madinah before Banū Nadir.
8) It may be a reference to an event that took place in the battle of Badr (See
8:48 with its note), and it may also refer to the Hereafter where Satan will
disown his followers.
9) They forgot themselves in the sense that they acted against their own
interest, and made themselves liable to punishment in the Hereafter.

1037
Sūrah Al-Hashr 59:20-24
لَا يَسْتَوِىّ أَصْحَبُ النَّارِ وَأَصْحَبُ الْجَنَّةِ أَصْحَبُ الْجَنَّةِ هُمُ الْفَآئِزُونَ
لَوْ أَنزَلْنَا هَذَا الْقُرْءَانَ عَلَى جَبَلِ لَّرَأَيْتَهُ خَشِعًا مُتَصَدِّعًا مِّنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِّ
وَتِلْكَ الْأَمْثَلُ نَضْرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَنَفَكَّرُونَ ﴿ هُوَ اللَّهُ الَّذِى لَآ إِلَهَ
هُوَ اللَّهُ الَّذِى
إِلَّا هُوَّ عَلِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَدَةِ هُوَ الرَّحْمَنُ الرَّحِمُ فيه
لَّ إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ الْمَلِكُ الْقُدُّوسُ السَّلَمُ الْمُؤْمِنُ الْمُهَْسِنُ الْعَزِيزُ الْجَبَّارُ
◌َبَ هُوَ اللَّهُ الْخَلِقُ الْبَارِئُ
اُلُْتَكَبِرُ سُبْحَنَ اللَّهِ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ
اَلْمُصَوِّرِّ لَهُ الْأَسْمَآءُ الْحُسْنَىّ يُسَبِّحُ لَهُ, مَا فِى السَّمَوَتِ وَالْأَرْضِّ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ
٢٤
الْحَكِيمُ
The people of Hell and the people of Paradise are not equal. The people
of Paradise are the successful. [20] Had We sent down this Qur'an to a
mountain, you would have seen it humbled, burst apart out of awe for
Allah. We cite such examples for people, so that they may ponder. [21]
He is Allah, besides whom there is no god, the Knower of the unseen and
the seen. He is All-Merciful, Very-Merciful. [22] He is Allah, besides
whom there is no god, the Sovereign, the Supreme-In-Holiness, the Safe
(from all defects), the Giver-Of-Peace, the Guardian, the All-Mighty, the
All-Repairer, the Sublime. Pure is Allah from what they associate with
Him. [23] He is Allah, the Creator, the Inventor, the Shaper. 10 His are
the Most Beautiful Names. His purity is proclaimed by all that is in the
heavens and the earth, and He is the All-Mighty, the All-Wise. [24]
10) The original text has mentioned here a number of the Beautiful Names of
Allah, the Almighty. The words in capital letters are to translate their meanings
to the possible extent, but no translation can convey the beauty and majesty, or
even the accurate connotation of the original names.

1038
Sūrah Al-Mumtahinah 60
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سَوْرَةَ المَمْتَحِنَة
SURAH AL-MUMTAHINAH
"The Examiner)
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1

1039
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Sūrah Al-Mumtahinah 60
Introduction
This Surah was revealed in the period between the treaty of Hudaibiyah and
the conquest of Makkah. It deals with the following two issues that came
forth during this period:
(1) According to the terms of the treaty of Hudaibiyah, if a person from
Makkah would embrace Islam and for that reason would come to Madinah,
the Muslims had to send him back to Makkah. This rule was applicable to
men and not to women, but when some women migrated to Madinah after
embracing Islam, their relatives demanded them back. Verses 10 to 12 of
this Surah declared that it was not allowed for Muslims to send them back,
if they were proved to have embraced Islam. In order to verify the
correctness of their statement, a test was suggested. (It is because of this test
that this Surah is named as 'Examiner'.) Some women who came in this way
were married to their Non-Muslim husbands in Makkah. This Surah declared
that their marriage with them was broken, and they could marry any Muslim
in Madinah. Some financial matters relating to such marriages are also
settled in these verses.
es. ATMUM
(2) After the treaty of Hudaibiyah was broken by pagans of Makkah, the
Holy Prophet
announced its termination, and started preparations for a
decisive attack on Makkah, for which he was especially permitted by Allah
Ta'ala. Hatib Ibn Abi Balta'ah , one of the noble Sahabah , had some
Muslim relatives in Makkah who were persecuted by pagans. He presumed
that if he showed some favour to the pagans of Makkah, they might become
lenient towards his relatives. He therefore sent a letter to inform them that
the Holy Prophet g was preparing to attack them. He was under the bona
fide belief that the Holy Prophet tu was going to triumph any way, and this
information could bring some benefit to his relatives without harming the
cause of the Muslims. The Holy Prophet we came to know about the letter,
which was sent by him through a woman. On his direction, it was
interrupted by some Sahabah s of the Holy Prophet Hatib
apologized and in view of his bona fide assumption, the Holy Prophet
accepted his apology. The first nine verses of this Surah were revealed in that
context, which spelt out the limits of having friendship with unbelievers.

1040
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Sūrah Al-Mumtahinah 60:1-3
بِسْـمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحَـ
يَّأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَنَّخِذُواْ عَدُوِى وَعَدُؤَّكُمْ أَوْلِيَآءَ تُلْقُونَ إِلَيْهِم بِالْمَوَدَّةِ وَقَدْ
كَفَرُواْ بِمَا جَاءَكُمْ مِّنَ الْحَقِّ يُخْرِجُونَ الرَّسُولَ وَإِيَّاكُمْ أَنْ تُؤْمِنُواْ بِاللَّهِ رَبِّكُمْ إِن كُنتُمُ
خَرَجْتُمْ جِهَدًا فِى سَبِيلِ وَأَبْنِغَآءَ مَرْضَانِىّ ◌ُشِرُونَ إِلَيْهِم بِالْمَوَدَّةِ وَأَنَاْ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا.
إِن يَثْقَفُوَكُمْ
أَخْفَيْتُمْ وَمَآ أَعْلَتُمَّ وَمَن يَفْعَلَهُ مِنْكُمْ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ سَوَآءَ السَّبِيلِ
يَكُونُواْ لَكُمْ أَعْدَاءُ وَيَبْسُطُوَاْ إِلَيْكُمْ أَيْدِيَهُمْ وَأَلْسِنَهُمْ بِالسُّوْءِ وَوَدُّواْ لَوْ تَكْفُرُونَ
لَنْ تَنفَعَكُمْ أَرْحَامُكُمْ وَ أَوْلَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَمَةِ يَفْصِلُ بَيْنَكُمْ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ
بَصِيرٌ
SŪRAH AL-MUMTAHINAH
(The Examiner)
This Surah is Madani, and comprises 13 'ayat (verses)
With the name of Allah, the All-Merciful, the Very-Merciful
O you who believe, do not take My enemies and your enemies for friends,
expressing love with them, while they have rejected the Truth that has
come to you, expelling the Messenger and your selves (from Makkah)
merely because you have faith in Allah who is your Lord, if you have set
out to do Jihad (struggle) in My way, and to seek My pleasure. You
express love with them secretly, while I know what you have concealed
and what you have revealed. Any of you who does this has missed the
straight path. [1] Should they have access to you, they will become your
enemies, and will stretch their hands and tongues towards you with evil;
and they desire that you should reject the (true) faith. [2]
Neither your womb-relations nor your children will benefit you on the
Day of Judgment. He will decide between you, and Allah is watchful of
what you do. [3]

1041
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Sūrah Al-Mumtahinah 60:4-7
قَدْ كَانَتْ لَكُمْ أُسْوَةُ حَسَنَةٌ فِىَ إِنََّهِيمَ وَاُلَّذِينَ مَعَهُ، إِذْ قَالُواْ لِقَوْمِهِمْ إِنَّا بُرَؤُأْ مِنْكُمْ
وَمِنَّا تَعْبُّدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ كَفَرْنَا بِكُمْ وَبَدَا بَيْنَا وَبَيْنَكُمُ الْعَدَوَةُ وَالْبَغْضَاءُ أَبَدًا حَتَّى
تُؤْمِنُواْ بِاللَّهِ وَحْدَهُ، إِلَّا قَوْلَ إِبْرِهِيَمَ لِأَبِهِ لَأَسْتَغْفِرَنَّ لَكَ وَمَآ أَمْلِكُ لَكَ مِنَ الَّهِ مِن
رَبَّنَا لَا تَجْعَلْنَا فِتْنَةً لِلَّذِينَ
شَىْءٍ زَّبَّنَا عَلَيَّْ، تَوَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ أَنَبْنَا وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِيرُ
لَقَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ فِهِمْ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَّةٌ
كَفَرُواْ وَأَغْفِرْ لَنَا رَبَّنَاْ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
عَسَى
لِّمَنْ كَانَ يَرْجُواْ اللَّهَ وَأَلْيَوْمَ الْآَخِرَّ وَمَن يَنَوَلَّ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْغَنِىُّ الْحِيدُ
اللَّهُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ يَبْتَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ الَّذِينَ عَادَيْتُمْ مِنْهُمْ قَوَدَّةً وَاللَّهُ قَدِيْرُ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
V
Indeed, there is an excellent example for you in Ibrahim and those with
him, when they said to their people, "We disown you and what you
worship instead of Allah. We disbelieve in you. Enmity and hatred has
arisen between us and you forever, unless you believe in Allah alone",_
but (his example is) not (to be followed) in what Ibrahim said to his
father, "I will pray to my Lord for your forgiveness, and I have no power
from Allah (to do any thing) for you." __ "O our Lord, in You alone we
trust, and to You alone we turn for help, and to You is the final return.[4]
Our Lord, do not make us persecuted by those who disbelieve, and
forgive us, our Lord! You, only You, are the All-Mighty, the All-Wise." [5]
Indeed, for you there is an excellent example in them, for anyone who
hopes (to meet) Allah and the Last Day. And if one turns away, Allah is
Free of all needs, Worthy of all Praise. [6]
It is hoped that Allah will bring about love between you and those of
them with whom you have enmity. "Allah is Powerful, and Allah is Most-
forgiving, Very-Merciful. [7]
1) Although the example of the noble Prophet Ibrahim gir is ordered to be
followed, his prayer for his father, who was an idol worshipper, was not
approved by Allah Ta'ālā; hence this exception.
2) This verse foretells that some Non-Muslim relatives of the Immigrants will
embrace Islam, and thus they will restore their love with them.

LA :1042
Sūrah Al-Mumtahinah 60:8-10
لَا يَنْهَنَكُمُ اللَّهُ عَنِ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يُقَائِلُوكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجُوكُمْ مِّن دِيَزِكُمْ أَنْ
إِنَّمَا يَكُمُ اللَّهُ عَنِ
تَبَرُّوهُمْ وَتُقْسِطُوْاْ إِلَيْهِمَّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُفْسِطِينَ
الَّذِينَ قَلُوَكُمْ فِ الدِّينِ وَأَخْرَجُوكُم مِّن دِيَرِكُمْ وَظَهَرُواْ عَلَى إِخْرَاحِكُمْ أَنْ
يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ إِذَا جَاءَكُمُ
تَوَلَّهُمَّ وَمَنْ يَنَُّمْ فَأُوْلَكَ هُمُ الَّالِمُونَ
اُلْمُؤْمِنَتُ مُهَجِرَتٍ فَأَمْتَحِنُوهُنَّ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَنِنَّ فَإِنْ عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّ مُؤْمِنَتِ فَلَ
تَرْجِعُوهُنَّ إِلَى الْكُفَارِ لَا هُنَّ حِلٌّ لَهُمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحِلُونَ لَّ وَءَانُوهُم مَّ أَنَفَقُواْ وَلَا
جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ تَنكِحُوهُنَّ إِذَا ءَانَيْتُمُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ وَلَا تُمْسِكُواْ بِعِصَمِ الْكَوَافِ
Allah does not forbid you as regards those who did not fight you on
account of faith, and did not expel you from your homes, that you do good
to them, and deal justly with them. Surely Allah loves those who maintain
justice. [8] Allah forbids you only about those who fought you on account
of faith, and expelled you from your homes, and helped (others) in
expelling you, that you have friendship with them. Those who develop
friendship with them are the wrongdoers. [9]
O you who believe, when the believing women come to you as emigrants,
put them to a test. Allah knows best about their faith. So, if you find them
faithful, do not send them back to the disbelievers. 3 Neither these
(women) are lawful for them, nor are those (disbelievers) lawful for these
(women). And give them (the disbelievers) that (dower) which they had
paid (to these women). And there is no sin for you if you marry them,
when you give them their dowers. 4 And do not hold on to the ties of
marriage with the disbelieving women, 5
3) See paragraph 2 of the introduction at the bignning of this Surah.
4) Since their Non-Muslim husbands had paid dower to these women, and their
marriage with them was terminated as a legal requirement without their volition,
the dower paid by them was ordered to be returned to them in all fairness.
5) Before this verse, Muslims could keep pagan women in their marriage, but
this verse repealed this permission and prohibited marrying pagan women or
keeping them in marriage. After the revelation of this verse, the Muslims who

1043
Sūrah Al-Mumtahinah 60:11-12
وَسْئَلُواْ مَآ أَنْفَقْتُمْ وَلْيَسْئَلُواْ مَّا أَنْفَقُوْ ذَلِكُمْ حُكْمُ اللَّهِ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَكُمْ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
وَإِن فَاتَكُمْ شَىْءٌ مِّنْ أَزْوَحِكُمْ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِ فَعَاقَبْتُمْ فَشَاتُواْ الَّذِينَ ذَهَبَتْ
يَّأَيُّهَا النَّبِىُّ إِذَا
أَزْوَجُهُم مِثْلَ مَآ أَنْفَقُواْ وَأَتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ الَّذِىّ أَنتُم بِهِ، مُؤْمِنُونَ
جَآءَكَ الْمُؤْمِنَثُ يُبَايِعْنَكَ عَلَى أَن لَّا يُشْرِكْنَ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَشْرِفْنَ وَلَا يَزْنِينَ
and ask (their new Non-Muslim husbands to pay to you) that (dower)
which you had paid (to your previous wives), and they (the previous Non-
Muslim husbands of the Muslim women) should ask (their new Muslim
husbands) to pay that (dower) which they had paid (to their previous
wives). That is the decision of Allah. He decides between you. And Allah
is All-Knowing, All-Wise. [10] And if some of your (Non-Muslim) wives
have slipped from you, (and their present Non-Muslim husbands do not
pay to you the dower as aforesaid,) and you have your turn (of paying
dower to the previous Non-Muslim husbands of your present wives),
then (instead of paying dower to them,) give those whose wives have
slipped the like amount of what they had paid (to them). And fear Allah,
the One in whom you believe. [11]
O you who believe, when the believing women come to you, seeking bai'ah
(a pledge of allegiance) with you that they will not ascribe any partner to
Allah, and will not commit theft, and will not commit fornication,
had pagan wives divorced them, and they joined pagans of Makkah and married
new husbands from among them. In this case too, their new husbands were
asked to return the dowers paid by their previous Muslim husbands. But in case
the Non-Muslims did not return the dowers as asked, their previous Muslim
husbands (who were entitled to receive the dower back) were allowed by verse
11 to receive it from the new Muslim husbands of the immigrant women who
were to pay the like amount to the previous Non-Muslim husbands of their
immigrant wives. In other words, instead of paying that amount to the pagan
husbands, they might pay it to those Muslims who were entitled to receive that
amount from pagans, and in this way the two obligations might be set off
against one another.

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Sūrah Al-Mumtahinah 60:13-13
وَلَا يَقْتُلْنَ أَوْلَدَهُنَّ وَلَا يَأْتِيَنَ بِبُهْتَنِ يَفْتَرِينَهُ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيِهِنَّ وَأَرْجُلِهِنَّ وَلَا
يَعْضِينَكَ فِىِ مَعْرُوفٍ فَبَايِعُهُنَّ وَأَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُنَّ اللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
يَّأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوْ لَا نَتَوَلَّوْ قَوْمًا غَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ قَدْ يَبِسُواْ مِنَ اُلْآَخِرَةِ
١٣
كَمَا يَبِسَ الْكُفَارُ مِنْ أَصْحَبِ الْقُبُورِ
and will not kill their children, and will not come up with a false claim
(about the parentage of a child) that they falsely attribute (to the sperm
of their husbands being dropped) between their hands and their feet (i.e.
their private parts) 6, and will not disobey you in what is recognized (in
Shari'ah), then take them in your bai'ah, and pray Allah for their
forgiveness. Surely Allah is Most-Forgiving, Very-Merciful. [12]
O you who believe, do not have friendship with a people with whom
Allah is angry. They have despaired from the Hereafter as the infidels
have despaired from those (buried) in the graves. 7 [13]
6) It was a common practice among pagans of Arabia that a woman adopted a
child and attributed it to her husband. In some cases, she gave birth to an
illegitimate child and claimed that it was from the sperm of her husband. That
is why this undertaking was especially made part of the pledge.
7) Probably the reference is to Jews of Madinah, as it was declared in Surah Al-
Mā'idah (5:80) that Allah is angry with them. They have despaired from a good
life in the Hereafter, as all the infidels have no hope that their deceased relatives
and friends could benefit them from the graves. Another possible translation of
this verse may be as follows: "They have despaired from the Hereafter as the infidels who
are in graves have despaired (from the Hereafter)"

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Sūrah Aş-Şaff 61
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Sūrah Aş-Şaff 61:1-5
Introduction
All the forthcoming Surahs, from here up to the last Surah of the Holy
Qur'an, are too short to need an introduction. Therefore, instead of a
separate introduction for each one of them, it is deemed sufficient to
provide explanatory notes where necessary.
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحَيَـ
يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ
سَبَّحَ لِلَّهِ مَا فِ السَّمَوَاتِ وَمَا فِىِ الْأَرْضِ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
كَبُرَ مَقْنًا عِندَ اللَّهِ أَن تَقُولُواْ مَا
ءَامَنُواْ لِمَ تَقُولُونَ مَا لَا تَفْعَلُونَ
إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الَّذِينَ يُقَتِلُونَ فِ سَبِيلِهِ صَفًا كَأَنَّهُم
لَا تَفْعَلُونَ
وَإِذْ قَالَ مُوسَى لِقَوْمِهِ، يَقَوْمِ لِمَ تُؤْذُونَنِى وَقَد
بُنْيَنٌ مَّرْصُوصٌ
تَّعْلَمُونَ أَنِّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمَّ فَلَمَا زَاغُواْ أَزَاغَ اللَّهُ قُلُوبَهُمَّ وَاللَّهُ لَا
ЯНА ?- ГА НАЯЦЕ
يَهَّدِى الْقَوْمَ اُلْفَسِقِينَ
D
SŪRAH AŞ-ŞAFF
(The Row)
This Sūrah is Madani, and comprises 14 'ayat (verses)
With the name of Allah, the All-Merciful, the Very-Merciful
All that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth proclaim Allah's
purity, and He is the All-Mighty, the All-Wise. [1] O you who believe,
why do you say what you do not do? 1 [2] It is severely hateful in Allah's
sight that you say what you do not do. [3] Surely Allah loves those who
fight in His way in firm rows, as if they were solid edifice. [4] And
(remember) when Mūsā said to his people, "O my people, why do you
hurt me, while you know that I am a messenger of Allah sent towards
you." So, when they adopted deviation, Allah let their hearts become
deviate. And Allah does not guide the sinful people. [5]
1) This verse prohibits boastful claims and pretending to have done some acts
that were not actually done.

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Sūrah Aş-Şaff 61:6-11
وَإِذْ قَالَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ يَبَنِىّ إِسْرَّهِيلَ إِنِّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُ مُصَدِّقًا لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَىَّ مِنَ
النَّوْرَنَةِ وَمُبِّرًا بِرَسُولِ يَأْتِى مِنْ بَعْدِى أَسْمُهُ أَحْمَذِّ فَمَّا جَاءَ هُم بِالْبَهْنَتِ قَالُواْ هَذَا سِحْرٌ
وَمَنْ أَظْلُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَى عَلَى الَّهِ الْكَذِبَ وَهُوَ يُدْعَ إِلَى الْإِسْلَمِّ وَاللّهُ لَا
7
مُّبِينٌ
يُرِيدُونَ لِيُطْفِئُواْ نُورَ الَّهِ بِأَفْوَهِمْ وَاللَّهُ مُتِمّ نُورِهِ، وَلَوْ كَرِهَ
يَهْدِى الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِينَ
هُوَ الَّذِىّ أَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْهُدَى وَدِينِ اَلْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ».
اُلْكَفِرُونَ
وَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوْ هَلْ أَثْلُكُمْ عَلَى نِجَزَةِ شُحِبَكُم مِّنْ عَذَابٍ
وَلَوْ كَرِهَ اٌلْمُشْرِكُونَ
تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَتُجَهِدُونَ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بِأَقْوَلِكُمْ وَأَنْفُسِكُمْ ذَلِكُمْ خَيٌِّ
لَّكُمْ إِن كُ نَعْلُونَ
(Remember) when 'Īsā, son of Maryam, said, "O children of Isrā'il, I am
a messenger of Allah sent towards you, confirming the Torah that is (sent
down) before me, and giving you the good news of a messenger who will
come after me, whose name will be Ahmad." 2 But when he came to them
with manifest signs, they said, "This is a clear magic." [6] And who is
more unjust than the one who forges a lie against Allah, while he is
invited to Islam? And Allah does not guide the unjust people. [7] They
wish to extinguish the light of Allah with their mouths, but Allah is to
perfect His light, even though the disbelievers dislike (it). [8] He is the
One who has sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth,
so that He makes it prevail over all religions, even though the mushriks
(those who ascribe partners to Allah) dislike (it). [9]
O you who believe, shall I tell you about a trade that saves you from a
painful punishment? [10] That you believe in Allah and His Messenger, and
carry out Jihad in His way with your riches and your lives. That is much
better for you, if you but know. [11]
2) This is the prophecy of 'Isa w in which he foretold about the advent of the
Holy Prophet Muhammad . A similar prophecy is still available in the Gospel
of John (14:16) in a distorted form. It reads as follows: "And I will pray the Father,
and he will give you another Counselor, to be with you for ever." The original Greek word

1048
Sūrah Aş-Şaff 61:12-14
يَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ذُنُوبَكُمْ وَيُدْخِلْكُمْ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْنِهَا الْأَنْهَرُ وَمَسَكِنَ طِبَةً فِىِ جَنَّتِ
وَأُخْرَى تُحِبُّونَهّا نَصْرٌ مِّنَ الَهِ وَفَنَحٌ غَرِيبٌ وَثْرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
عَدْنٍ ذَلِكَ الْفَوَّزُ الْعَظِيمُ
وَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ كُنُواْ أَنْصَارَ اللَّهِ كَمَا قَالَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ لِلْحَوَارِيِّنَ مَنْ
١٣
أَنْصَارِىّ إِلَى اَللَّهِّ قَالَ الْخَوَارِثُّونَ نَحْنُ أَنْصَارُ اللَّهِ فَامَنَت طَآئِفَةٌ مِّنْ بَنِىَ إِسْرَِّيلَ
وَكَفَرَتْ طَائِفَةٌ فَأَدْنَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ عَى عَدُوِّهِمْ فَضْبَحُواْ ظَاهِنَ
١٤
(If you do this,) He will forgive your sins, and will admit you to gardens
beneath which rivers flow, and to pleasant dwellings in gardens of eternity.
That is the great achievement. [12]
And (He will give you) another thing, which you love: Help from Allah,
and victory, near at hand. 3 [13] O you who believe, be supporters of (the
religion of) Allah, just as 'Isa, son of Maryam, said to the Disciples, "Who
are my supporters towards Allah?" The Disciples said, "We are the
supporters of (the religion of) Allah." So a group from the children of
Isrā'il believed, and another group disbelieved. Then We supported
those who believed against their enemy, and they became victors. [14]
Periclytos, which means 'praised one' and which is the literal translation of
Muhammad and Ahmad, was altered to Paracletus, and translated in English as
'Counselor'. Translated correctly, the prophecy would read: "He will give you
the praised one (Ahmad) who will be with you for ever." It means that his
prophet-hood will not be restricted to any particular age; rather he will be the
prophet for all times to come.
3) This is a general promise that when Muslims will carry out Jihad, abiding by
the rules and principles of Shari'ah, they will be helped by Allah, and will be the
· victors. All the victories achieved by the Muslims after revelation of this verse
have substantiated this promise.
H

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Sūrah Al-Jumu‘ah 62
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Sūrah Al-Jumu‘ah 62:1-4
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِِ الرَّحِيَةِ
هُوَ
يُسَبِّحُ لِلَّهِ مَا فِىِ السَّمَوَتِ وَمَا فِىِ الْأَرْضِ الْمَلِكِ الْقُدُّوسِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَكِيمِ
الَّذِى بَعَثَ فِىِ الْأُمِّيِّئِنَ رَسُولًا مِنْهُمْ يَتْلُواْ عَلَيْهِمْ ءَايَنِهِ، وَيُزَكَّيِمْ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ
وَءَاخَرِينَ مِنْهُمْ لَمَّا
اُلْكِنَبَ وَاَلْحِكْمَةَ وَإِن كَانُواْ مِن قَبْلُ لَفِى ضَلَلٍ مُّبِينٍ
ذَلِكَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَن يَشَاءُ وَاللَّهُ ذُو
يَلْحَقُواْ بِمَّ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
٣
٤
اَلْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ
SŪRAH AL-JUMU‘AH
(Friday)
This Sūrah is Madani, and comprises 11 'ayat (verses)
With the name of Allah, the All-Merciful, the Very-Merciful
All that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth proclaim the purity
of Allah, the Sovereign, the Supreme in Holiness, the All-Mighty, the All-
Wise. [1] He is the One who raised amidst the unlettered people a
messenger from among themselves who recites to them His verses, and
purifies them, and teaches them the Book and the wisdom, while they
were earlier in open error. [2] And (this Messenger is sent also) to others
from them who did not join them so far, 1 and He is the All-Mighty, the
All-Wise. [3] It is Allah's bounty that He gives to whomsoever He wills,
2 and Allah is the Lord of the great bounty. [4]
1) This means that the Holy Prophet
was sent to the entire mankind,
including all generations that will come up to the Day of Doom.
2) The pagans of Makkah used to say that instead of Muhamamd e a chief
from Makkah or Ța'if should have been appointed as prophet, while the Jews
used to desire that the Last Prophet should have been from Israelites. This
verse says that prophet-hood is one of Allah's blessings, and it is He alone who
can decide, according to His wisdom, to whom it should be given.

1051
Sūrah Al-Jumu‘ah 62:5-9
مَثَلُ الَّذِينَ حُمِّلُواْ النَّوْرَنَةَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَحْمِلُوهَا كَمَثَلِ الْحِمَارِ يَحْمِلُ أَسْفَارًاً
بِئْسَ مَثَلُ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بَِايَتِ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِى الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ
قُلْ يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ هَادُواْ إِن زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّكُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ لِلَّهِ مِن دُونِ النَّاسِ فَتَمَنَّوَأْ
وَلَا يَنَمَنَّوْنَهُ: أَبَدًا بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيهِمَّ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ
اٌلَّوْتَ إِن كُنتُمْ صَدِقِينَ
قُلْ إِنَّ الْمَوْتَ الَّذِى تَفِرُونَ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ، مُلَقِيكُمْ ثُمَّ تُذُونَ
◌ِالظَّالِمِينَ
يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ
إِلَى عَلِمِ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَدَةِ فَيُنَّشَكُمْ بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ
إِذَا نُودِىَ لِلصَّلَوَةِ مِن يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَأَسْعَوْاْ إِلَى ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ وَذَرُواْ الْبَيْعَ ذَلِكُمْ
tedw soysig yabiti to nomsas
خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
The example of those who were ordered to bear (the responsibility of
acting upon) the Torah, then they did not bear it, is like a donkey that
carries a load of books. Evil is the example of those who have rejected
Allah's verses. And Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people. [5] Say,
"O you who are Jews, if you claim that you are the friends of Allah to the
exclusion of all other people, then express your desire for death, if you are
true. [6] And they will never express this desire, because of what their
hands have sent ahead. And Allah is fully aware of the wrongdoers. 3 [7]
Say, "Indeed, the death from which you (try to) run away has to visit you,
then you will be sent back to the Knower of the Unseen and the seen, and
He will tell you what you used to do. [8]
O you who believe, when the call for Salah (prayer) is proclaimed on
Friday, hasten for the remembrance of Allah, and leave off business. That
is much better for you, if you but know. [9]
3) This was an easy challenge given to the Jews of those days. They could easily
express their desire for death, and refute the Qur'anic claim that they would
never do so. But they knew that as soon as they would express such a desire,
they would instantly die and face divine punishment. Therefore, they never
came forward to take the challenge.

0 -1052
Sūrah Al-Jumu‘ah 62:10-11
فَإِذَا قُضِيَتِ الصَّلَوَةُ فَانْتَشِرُواْ فِىِ الْأَرْضِ وَأَبْنَغُواْ مِن فَضْلِ اللَّهِ وَأَذْكُرُواْ اللَّهَ
كَثِيرًا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ
وَإِذَا رَأَوْ تِجَارَةً أَوْ لَوَّا أُنفَضُواْ إِلَيْهَا وَتَرَكُوكَ قَيِمًا.
قُلْ مَا عِندَ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ مِّنَ اللَّهْوِ وَمِنَ الِنِّجَرَةِ وَاللَّهُ خَيْرُ الزَّزِقِينَ
Then once the Salah is over, disperse in the land, and seek the grace of
Allah, and remember Allah abundantly, so that you may be successful.
[10] And when they see some merchandise or amusement, they break
away to it, and leave you (O prophet,) standing. 4 Say, "What is with
Allah is much better than the amusement and the merchandise, and
Allah is the best giver of sustenance. [11]
4) Once, the Holy Prophet Ag was delivering the sermon of Friday prayer when
a trade caravan came with some merchandise. In order to attract customers, it
had some amusement as well. Some audience left the mosque and proceeded
towards the merchants. This verse was revealed in that context.
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