Indexed OCR Text

92
Sūrah Al-Baqarah 2:283-283
فَإِن كَانَ الَّذِى عَلَيْهِ الْحَقُّ سَفِيهًا أَوْ ضَعِيفًا أَوْ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يُمِلَّ هُوَ
فَلْيُمْلِلْ وَلِيُّهُ بِالْعَدْلِّ وَأَسْتَشْهِدُواْ شَهِيدَيْنِ مِن رِّجَالِكُمٍّ فَإِن لَّمْ يَكُونَا رَجُلَيْنِ
فَرَجُلٌ وَأَمْرَأَتَانِ مِمَّن تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ الشُّهَدَآءِ أَن تَضِلَّ إِحْدَثُهُمَا فَتُذَكِّرَ
إِحْدَنهُمَا الْأُخْرَىُّ وَلَا يَأْبَ الشُّهَدَاءُ إِذَا مَا دُعُواْ وَلَا تَسْمُوْ أَنْ تَكْتُبُوهُ صَغِيرًا
أَوْ كَبِيرًا إلَى أَجَلِهِ ذَلِكُمْ أَقْسَطُ عِندَ اللَّهِ وَأَقْوَمُ لِلشَّهَدَةِ وَأَدْنَ أَلَّا
تَرْتَابُوَاْ إِلَّ أَنْ تَكُونَ تِجَرَّةً حَاضِرَةً تُدِيُرُونَهَا بَيْنَكُمْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحُ
أَلَّا تَكْثُبُوهَاً وَأَشْهِدُوْاْ إِذَا تَبَايَعْتُمَّ وَلَا يُضَارَّ كَاتِبٌ وَلَا شَهِيدٌ وَإِن
تَفْعَلُواْ فَإِنَّهُ فُسُوقًا بِكُمُّ وَأَتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ اللَّهُ وَاللَّهُ بِكُلِّ
صلى
﴿ وَإِن كُنتُمْ عَلَى سَفَرِ وَلَمْ تَجِدُواْ كَاِبًا فَرِهَانٌ مَّقْبُوضَةٌ فَإِنْ
شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌ لَبَ
قلے
أَمِنَ بَعْضُكُمْ بَعْضًا فَلْيُؤَدِّ الَّذِى أَقْتُمِنَ أَمَنَتَهُ، وَلْيَتَّقِ اللَّهَ رَبَّهُ وَلَا تَكْتُمُواْ
الشَّهَدَةَ وَمَن يَكْتُمْهَا فَإِنَّهُ: ءَائِمٌ قَلْبُهُ، وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ عَلِيمٌ
If the one who owes is feeble-minded or weak or cannot dictate himself,
then his guardian should dictate with fairness. Have two witnesses from
among your men, and if two men are not there, then one man and two
women from those witnesses whom you like, so that if one of the two
women errs, the other woman may remind her. The witnesses should not
refuse when summoned. And do not be weary of writing it down, along
with its due date, no matter whether the debt is small or large. That is
more equitable in Allah's sight, and more supportive as evidence, and
more likely to make you free of doubt. However, if it is a spot transaction
you are effecting between yourselves, there is no sin on you, should you
not write it. Have witnesses when you transact a sale. Neither a scribe
should be made to suffer, nor a witness. If you do (something harmful to
them), it is certainly a sin on your part, and fear Allah. Allah educates
you, and Allah is All-Knowing in respect of everything. [282] If you are
on a journey, and find no scribe, then (you may have resort to holding
something as) mortgage, taken into possession. However, if one of you
trusts the other, then the one who has been trusted should fulfill his trust,
and should fear Allah, his Lord. Do not conceal testimony. Whoever
conceals it, his heart is surely, sinful. Allah is All-Aware of what you do. [283]

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Sūrah Al-Baqarah 2:284-286
لِلَّهِ مَا فِىِ السَّمَوَتِ وَمَا فِى الْأَرْضُِّ وَإِن تُبْدُواْ مَا فِى أَنفُسِكُمْ أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ
يُحَاسِبْكُمْ بِهِ اللَّهُ فَيَغْفِرُ لِمَنْ يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَدَءُ وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ
قَدِيُ
ءَامَنَ الرَّسُولُ بِمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِن رَّبِّهِ، وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَّ كُلُّ ءَامَنَ بِاللَّهِ
وَمَلَئِكَنِهِ، وَكُنُهِ، وَرُسُلِهِ، لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِّن رُسُلِّ وَقَالُواْ سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَاً
غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِيرُ لََْ لَا يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا لَهَا مَا
كَذَبَتْ، وَعَلَيْهَا مَا أَكْتَسَبَتْ رَبَّنَا لَا تُؤَاخِذْنَآ إِن نَّسِينَآ أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا رَبَّنَا وَلَا
تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْنَآ إِصْرًّا كَمَا حَمَلْتَهُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِنَا رَبَّنَا وَلَا تُحَمِّلْنَا مَا
لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهٌِ وَأَعْفُ عَنَّا وَأَغْفِرْ لَنَا وَأَرْحَمْنَاْ أَنْتَ مَوْلَئِنَا فَأَنصُرُنَا عَلَى
اُلْقَوْمِ الْكَفِرِينَ
To Allah belongs what is in the heavens and what is in the earth. If you
disclose what is in your hearts or conceal it, Allah shall hold you
accountable for it, then He will forgive whom He wills and punish whom
He wills. Allah is powerful over everything. [284]
The Messenger has believed in what has been revealed to him from his
Lord, and the believers as well. All have believed in Allah and His angels
and His Books and His Messengers. "We make no division between any
of His Messengers," and they have said: "We have listened, and obeyed.
Our Lord, (we seek) Your pardon! And to You is the return." [285]
Allah does not obligate anyone beyond his capacity. For him is what he
has earned, and on him what he has incurred.
"Our Lord, do not hold us accountable, if we forget or make a mistake,
and, Our Lord, do not place on us such a burden as You have placed on
those before us, and, Our Lord, do not make us bear a burden for which
we have no strength. And pardon us, and grant us forgiveness, and have
mercy on us. You are our Lord. So then help us against the disbelieving
people." [286]

94
Sūrah 'Āl-'Imran 3
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toubonnl
e
سُوْرَةُ آل عِمْرَان
SURAH 'ĀL-IMRAN
(The Progeny of 'Imran)

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MITA
Sūrah 'Āl-'Imran 3
Introduction
'Imran is the name of the father of Sayyidah Maryam et (Mary). 'Al- Imran
means progeny or family of 'Imran. In verses 33 to 37, reference is made to
this family, and therefore this Surah is named after it. Most parts of the Sūrah
were revealed at a time when the Muslims, after migrating to Madinah, were
facing different hardships from their enemies. The battle of Badr was the
first formal encounter with the pagans of Makkah. Even though the battle
was won by the Muslims, it fuelled the enmity of the pagans against
Muslims, and the next year they attacked Madinah where the battle of Uhud
was fought with a temporary set back to the Muslims. Although the Muslims
were in direct conflict with the pagans of Makkah, the Jews and the
Christians living in and around Madinah started supporting the pagans, in
violation of their pacts with the Holy Prophet . On intellectual level,
argumentation with all these groups was also going on. This is the
background against which most verses of this Surah were revealed.
Sūrah 1: Al-Baqarah has addressed mostly the Jews with brief hints to the
Christians, while the main focus of the present Surah is on the Christians
with some references to the Jews. A delegation of the Christians had come
to the Holy Prophet from Najran. Almost half of this Surah from the
beginning deals with their arguments, explaining the correct status of
Sayyidunā Masih y (Jesus Christ), and establishing that the consistent
message of all the prophets 2 has been to believe in the Oneness of Allah
without even a slightest departure from it. In this context, the Muslims are
also warned against the conspiracies of the Jews. A detailed account of the
battles of Badr and Uhud has followed with ancillary issues that emerged
from them. The Muslims are directed to learn lessons from these battles,
especially from the battle of Uhud in which the Muslims faced a set back due
to some naive mistakes. Some Islamic rules and injunctions about Zakāh,
Riba (interest or usury) and mostly about Jihad are also mentioned, and at the
end, all the people are invited to ponder on the marvelous creation of
heavens and the earth and the wise system of time and space, so that it may
lead to appreciate the Power and Wisdom of their Creator and to believe in
His omnipotence and Oneness.

96
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Surah 'Āl-'Imran 3:1-6
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ
نَزَّلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِنَبَ بِالْحَقِّ مُصَدِّقًا
اللَّهُ لَّ إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ الْحَىُّ الْقَيُومُ
المـ
مِن قَبْلُ هُدًى لِلنَّاسِ وَأَنزَلَ اٌلْفُرْقَانُ إِنَّ
لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَأَنْزَلَ التَّوْرَنَةَ وَاُلْإِنِيلَ
الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ بِشَايَتِ اللَّهِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌ وَاللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ ذُو أَنِقَامِ
إِنَّ اللّهَ لَا
هُوَ الَّذِى يُصَوِّرُكُمْ فِ
يَخْفَى عَلَيْهِ شَىْءٌ فِ اُلْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِ السَّمَاءِ
اُلْأَرْحَامِ كَيْفَ يَشَاءُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
SŪRAH 'ĀL-IMRAN
(The Progeny of 'Imran)
This Sūrah is Madani, and comprises 200 'ayat (verses)
With the name of Allah, the All-Merciful, the Very-Merciful.
Alif. Lam . Mim . [1] Allah: There is no god but He, the Alive, the All-
Sustaining. [2] He has revealed to you the Book with the truth,
confirming what has been before it, and has sent down the Torah and the
Injil [3] earlier to give guidance to mankind, and has sent down the
Furgan (the Criterion of right and wrong). Surely, those who have
rejected the verses of Allah, for them there is severe punishment. Allah is
Mighty, the Lord of Retribution. [4] Surely, Allah is such that nothing is
hidden from Him, neither in the earth nor in the sky. [5] He is the One
Who shapes you in the wombs as He likes. 2 There is no god but He, the
Mighty, the Wise. [6]
1) Please see note no.1 of Surah Al-Baqarah (Sūrah 2).
2) As mentioned in the introduction, the beginning part of this Surah was
revealed as answer to the arguments of the delegation of the Christians that
came from Najran. They argued that the birth of Masih i Jesus Christ)
without father is a proof to his being god. This verse says that all people are
created by Allah. He is the One who shapes them in the wombs of their
mothers, no matter whether they are born in normal way through a father or in
an abnormal way without a father. The birth of Masih i was in fact a
manifestation of Allah's power, because he was shaped by Allah in the womb
of his mother like any other person, but without the mediation of a father.

97
Sūrah 'Al-‘Imran 3:7-7
هُوَ الَّذِىّ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِنَبَ مِنْهُ ءَايَتٌ تُحْكَمَتُ هُنَّ أُمُّ الْكِنَبِ وَأُخَرُ مُتَشَبِهَتٌ
فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فِ قُلُوبِهِمْ زَيْعٌ فَيَتَبِعُونَ مَا تَشَبَهَ مِنْهُ أَبْتِغَاءَ الْفِتْنَةِ وَأَبْتِغَاءَ تَأْوِيلِهِ، وَمَا
يَعْلَمُ تَأْوِيلَهُ: إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَالرَّسِخُونَ فِى الْعِلْمِ يَقُولُونَ ءَامَنَا بِهِ، كُلٌّ مِّنْ عِندِ رَيِّنَاْ وَمَا
يَذَكَّرُ إِلَّ أُوْلُواْ الْأَلْبَبِ
He is the One who has revealed to you the Book (the Qur'an). Out of it
there are verses that are Muhkamat (of established meaning), which are
the principal verses of the Book, and some others are Mutashabihat
(whose definite meanings are unknown). Now those who have perversity
in their hearts go after such part of it as is mutashabih, seeking (to create)
discord, and searching for its interpretation (that meets their desires),
while no one knows its interpretation except Allah; and those well-
grounded in knowledge say: "We believe therein; all is from our Lord." 3
Only the men of understanding observe the advice. [7]
3) The Holy Qur'an has used some expressions relating to a realm that is not
fully understandable by normal human intellect, like some attributes of Allah
Almighty, the exact nature of which is beyond human comprehension. Such
expressions are called Mutashabihat. They give a slight idea of their meaning, but
no one can have access to its exact nature. For example, we find in the Qur'an
that Allah speaks, and that much is understood. But how does He speak, and
what is the nature of His speech without a normal tongue and without a well-
directed voice? These are questions which no human intellect can answer. The
reasonable and proper behavior with such verses is that one should believe in,
and be content with what Allah has said, and should not be curious to interpret
their exact nature on the basis of his limited knowledge, because these concepts
belong to an inaccessible realm, and their hypothetical interpretation may lead to
erroneous assumptions in matters of faith. The Holy Qur'an has used the terms
'Word of Allah' and 'a spirit from Him' for the Masih i Jesus Christ) (See
4:171) The Christians took it as an admission by the Holy Qur'an that he was
god, or a son of God. The present verse says that such terms are among the
Mutashabihat and the exact nature of their meaning is not discoverable for any
human being. The apparent meaning of these terms is that Allah has created the
Masih y by His word "Be", and that He has blown the spirit into him without
a father. But what is the exact nature of His word, and that of the spirit blown
by Him? How did he come into being by Allah's word? These are the questions

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Surah 'Āl-'Imran 3:8-13
رَبَّنَا لَا تُزِعْ قُلُوبَنَا بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَيْتَنَا وَهَبْ لَنَا مِن لَّدُنكَ رَحْمَةً إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْوَهَّابُ
رَبَّنَآ إِنَّكَ جَامِعُ النَّاسِ لِيَوْمٍ لَّا رَيْبَ فِيَةٍ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُخْلِفُ اُلْمِيعَادَ
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَنْ تُغْنِىَ عَنْهُمْ أَمْوَلُهُمْ وَلَّ أَوْلَدُهُم مِّنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَأُوْلَئِكَ
كَدَأْبِ ءَلِ فِرْعَوْنَ وَالَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ كَذَّبُواْ بِثَايَتِنَا فَأَخَذَهُمُ
هُمْ وَقُودُ النَّارِ
{ قُل لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ سَتُغْلَبُونَ وَتُحْشَرُونَ
اللَّهُ بِذُنُوبِمْ وَاللَّهُ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ
إِلَى جَهَنَّمُ وَيِفْسَ الْمِهَادُ [١٠] قَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ ءَايَةٌ فِى فِتَتَيْنِ الْتَقَنَّا فِئَةٌ تُقَتِلُ
فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَأُخْرَى كَافِرَةٌ يَرَوْنَهُم مِثْلَيْهِمْ رَأْىَ الْعَيْنِ وَاللَّهُ يُؤَيِّدُ
بِنَصْرِهِ، مَن يَشَاءُ إِنَّ فِ ذَلِكَ لَعِبْرَةً لِّأُوْلِ الْأَبْصَرِ
"Our Lord, do not let our hearts deviate from the right path after You have
given us guidance, and bestow upon us mercy from Your own. Surely,
You, and You alone, are the One who bestows in abundance. [8] Our
Lord, You are going to assemble all the people on a day in (the
occurrence of) which there is no doubt. Verily, Allah does not back out of
His promise." [9] Surely, those who disbelieve, their wealth and their
children shall not suffice them in the least against Allah. Those are the
fuel of the Fire [10]_a case similar to that of the House of Pharaoh and
those before them. They denied our signs. So, Allah seized them for their
sins. Allah is severe in punishment. [11] Say to those who disbelieve: "You
shall soon be overcome and shall be gathered into Hell. Indeed, it is an
evil bed (in which) to rest." [12] "There was a sign for you in the two
groups who confronted each other: One group fighting in the way of Allah,
and the other disbelieving, seeing themselves as twice their number, with
open eyes. 4 And Allah gives strength with His help to whomsoever He
wills. Indeed, there is a lesson therein for those who have eyes." [13]
beyond the realm of normal human understanding, and therefore no article of
faith may be made to rest on these terms against the clear and expressed
descriptions made by Muhkamat, that is, the verses having clear meanings.
4) In verse 12, it was said to disbelievers, "You shall soon be overcome."

Sūrah 'Āl-'Imran 3:14-17
لِلنَّاسِ حُبُّ الشَّهَوَاتِ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ وَالْبَنِينَ وَاَلْقَنَطِيرِ الْمُقَنَطَرَةِ مِنَ
لِ وَاُلْفِضَّةِ وَالْخَيْلِ الْمُسَوَّمَةِ وَالْأَنْعَمِ وَالْحَرْثِ ذَلِكَ مَتَعُ
(9) ﴿ قُلْ أَوْنَبِّئُكُمْ بِخَيْرٍ مِّن
◌َوَةِ الدُّنْيًّا وَاَللَّهُ عِندَهُ حُسْنُ الْمَشَابِ
كُمَّ لِلَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْاْ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ جَنَّكُ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا اُلْأَنْهَرُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا
الَّذِينَ
10
◌َجٌ مُطَهَّرَةٌ وَرِضْوَاتٌ مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ بَصِيرٌ بِالْعِبَادِ
الصَسَبِينَ
وَنَ رَبَّنَآ إِنَّنَآ ءَامَنَا فَأَغْفِرْ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَا وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ
تَدِقِينَ وَاُلْقَنِتِينَ وَالْمُنفِقِينَ وَالْمُسْتَغْفِرِينَ بِالْأَسْحَارِ
It has been made attractive for people to love the desired things; tha
women, children, hoarded heaps of gold and silver, branded horses, ca
and tillage. That is an enjoyment of the worldly life; but with Allah lies
beauty of the final resort. [14] Say: "Shall I tell you what is far better t
that? For those who fear (Allah), there are gardens with their L
beneath which rivers flow, where they shall live forever, with puri
wives, and approval from Allah. Allah is watchful over His servants".
Those (are the ones) who say: "Our Lord, surely we have believed
forgive us our sins and save us from the punishment of the Fire," [16] (
those who are) the patient, the truthful and the devout, who spend
Allah's way) and who seek forgiveness in pre-dawn hours." [17]
According to some reports, this address was to the Jews of Qainuqa' (name
a tribe) who, after the battle of Badr, bragged before the Muslims that
pagans of Makkah were weak in fighting, and therefore they were defeated
the Muslims. But, they continued to boast, the Jews are much more brave
stronger than the pagans, and should they fight the Muslims, they would be
victors. In this verse reference is made to the battle of Badr where the pag
faced a humiliating defeat at the hands of the Muslims, despite their gre
strength than the Muslims. The verse indicates that it was Allah's support
allowed the Muslims to win the battle, and that even if the Jews were to co
up with many more forces, they would still be defeated because of the di
support enjoyed by the Muslims.

100
Surah 'Al-‘Imran 3:18-22
شَهِدَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ وَالْمَلَئِكَةُ وَأُوْلُواْ الْعِلْمِ قَائِمًا بِالْقِسْطِّ لَا إِلَهَ
إِنَّ الدِّينَ عِندَ اللَّهِ الْإِسْلَمُ وَمَا أُخْتَلَفَ
إِلَّا هُوَ الْعَبِزُ الْحَكِيمُ فِيََّ
الَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ الْكِتَبَ إِلَّا مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَآءَهُمُ الْعِلْمُ بَغْيًا بَيْنَهُوَّ وَمَن يَكْفُرْ
بِقَايَتِ الَّهِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ ﴿ فَإِنْ حَاجُوكَ فَقُلْ أَسْلَمْتُ وَجْهِىَ لِلَّهِ
وَمَنِ اتَّبَعَنِّ وَقُل لِّلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ الْكِتَبَ وَالْأُمِنِِّنَ ءَأَسْلَمْتُؤَّ فَإِنْ أَسْلَمُواْ فَقَدِ
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ
أُهْتَدَواْ وَإِن تَوَلَّوْ فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ الْبَلَغُ وَاللَّهُ بَصِيرٌ بِالْعِبَادِ.
يَكْفُرُونَ بَِايَتِ اللَّهِ وَيَقْتُلُونَ النَّبِنَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ وَيَقْتُّلُونَ الَّذِينَ
أُوْلَئِكَ الَّذِينَ
يَأْمُرُونَ بِالْقِسْطِ مِنَ النَّاسِ فَبَشِّرْهُم بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ
٢٢
حَبِطَتْ أَعْمَلُهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآَخِرَةِ وَمَا لَهُم مِّن نَّصِرِينَ
Allah bears witness that there is no god but He _ and (so do) the angels
and the men of knowledge _ being the One who maintains equity. There
is no god but He, the Mighty, the Wise. [18] Truly, the (recognized)
religion in the sight of Allah is Islam . Those who have been given the
Book did not differ (among themselves) until after the knowledge had
come to them, (and all this) due to envy against each other. Whoever
denies the verses of Allah, then, Allah is swift at reckoning. [19] Then, if
they argue with you, say: "I have submitted myself to Allah, and (so did)
those who have followed me." And say to those who have been given the
Book, and to the unlettered: 5 "Do you submit?" If they submit, they will
be on the right path. Yet, if they turn back, then you have only to convey
the message. Allah is watchful over (all of) His servants. [20] Surely, those
who reject the verses of Allah and slay the prophets unjustly, and slay
those of the people who bid justice, give them 'the good news' of a painful
punishment. [21] Those are the ones whose deeds have gone to waste in
this world and in the Hereafter. For them there are no helpers. [22]
5) 'Unlettered' is the term used by the Holy Qur'an for the pagans of Makkah,
because they had no divine book to follow.

101
Sūrah 'Āl-'Imran 3:23-28
أَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ نَصِيبًا مِّنَ الْكِتَبِ يُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى كِنَبِ اللَّهِ لِيَحْكُمَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ
ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَالُواْ لَنْ تَمَسَّنَا النَّارُ إِلَّ أَيَّامًاً
يَتَوَلَّى فَرِيقٌ مِّنْهُمْ وَهُم مُّعْرِضُونَ
٢٣
مَّعْدُودَاتٍ وَغَّهُمْ فِ دِينِهِمِ مَّا كَانُواْ يَفْتَرُونَ [(٤٥) فَكَيْفَ إِذَا جَمَعْنَهُمْ لِيَوْمٍ لَّا
قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ
رَيْبَ فِيهِ وَوُفِّيَتْ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ مَّا كَسَبَتْ وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ !
مَلِكَ الْمُلْكِ تُؤْتِ الْمُلْكَ مَن تَشَآءُ وَتَنزِعُ الْمُلْكَ مِمَن تَشَآءُ وَتُعِزُّ مَن تَشَآءُ
وَتُذِلُ مَن تَشَدَءُ بِيَدِكَ الْخَيْرُ إِنَّكَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيْرٌ لْ تُولِجُ الَّيْلَ فِ النَّهَارِ
وَتُولِجُ النَّهَارَ فِيْ الَّيْلِّ وَتُخْرِجُ الْحَىَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَتُخْرِجُ الْمِيْتَ مِنَ الْحَيِّ وَتَرْزُقُ مَن
لَا يَتَّخِذِ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الْكَفِرِينَ أَوْلِيَآءَ مِن دُونِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَّ
تَشَآءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ
Did you not observe those who have been given a share from the Book?
They are invited to the Book of Allah, so that it may decide between them.
Then, a group from them goes back, turning their faces away. [23] That is
because they have said: "The Fire shall not touch us except for a few
days." Thus they are deceived in their faith by what they themselves used
to invent. [24] Then, how (will it be) when We will gather them together on
a day about which there is no doubt, and everybody will be paid in full for
what he has earned, and they shall not be wronged? [25] Say: "O Allah, O
Lord of the Kingdom, You give kingdom to whom You will, and take
kingdom away from whom You will; and You bestow honor on whom You
will, and bring disgrace to whom You will. In your hand lies the betterment
(of everyone). You are surely powerful over everything. [26] You make the
night enter into the day, and make the day enter into the night; and You
bring the living out from the dead, and bring the dead out from the living,
and You give to whom You will beyond measure." [27] The believers must
not take the disbelievers as friends instead of the believers 6
6) Relationships with non-muslims may be of different kinds. One is termed in
the Holy Qur'an as muwalah. In the absence of any other suitable word, it is
translated above as friendship. But the original Qur'anic word means the
friendship that makes the two friends so close to each other that the aims and

102
Sūrah 'Āl-'Imran 3:29-30
وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَ اللَّهِ فِ شَىْءٍ إِلَّ أَنْ تَتَّقُواْ مِنْهُمْ ثُقَنَةٌ
وَيُحَذِّرُكُمُ اللَّهُ نَفْسَهُ، وَإِلَى اللَّهِ الْمَصِيرُ ﴿ قُلْ إِن تُخْفُواْ مَا فِي صُدُورِكُمْ
أَوْ تُبُّدُوهُ يَعْلَمْهُ الَّهُ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِ السَّمَوَاتِ وَمَا فِ الْأَرْضِّ وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ
قَدِيْرُ ﴿٢٠ يَوْمَ تَجِدُ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ مَّا عَمِلَتْ مِنْ خَيْرٍ تُحْضَرًا وَمَا عَمِلَتْ مِن سُوْءِ تَوَدُّ
٣٠
لَوْ أَنَّ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَهُ: أَمَدَأَ بَعِيدًا وَيُحَذِّرُكُمُ اللَّهُ نَفْسَهُ وَاللَّهُ رَءُوفٌ بِالْعِبَادِ
And whoever does that has no relation with Allah whatsoever, unless you
(do so) as a protective measure (in order to) save yourself from them.
7
Allah warns you of Himself, for unto Allah is the return. [28] Say: "Whether
you conceal what is in your hearts or reveal it, Allah will know it." He
knows what is in the heavens and what is in the earth. Allah is powerful
over everything. [29] On the day when everybody shall find present before
him whatever good he did and whatever evil he wrought, he will wish
there would have been a wide space between him and that (day). Allah
warns you of Himself, and Allah is compassionate to (His) servants. [30]
objectives of their life become united, and each one of them is ready to support
the other in all respects. It is totally prohibited to have such a friendship with
non-muslims, because the objectives of the Muslims are entirely different from
those of non-muslims, and one's faithfulness to Allah cannot be perfect unless
he does not have such a close friendship with those who are not faithful to
Allah. The present verse prohibits this type of friendship. The second kind of
relationship is muwasah. It means sympathy and cooperation in lawful matters.
This is allowed, rather desirable, with everybody, including those non-muslims
who are not at war with the Muslims, as is declared by the Holy Qur'an in 60:8.
The third kind of relationship is mudarāh. It means courteous attitude. This is
allowed with all non-muslims, when it is meant for their spiritual benefit, or
when they are one's guests, visitors or neighbours. The fourth kind is mu'amalat
which means commercial transactions. This is allowed with all non-muslims
with the condition that they are not against the interest of the Muslims, and are
in compliance with the dictates of Shari' ah.
7) It means that a Muslim can pretend to have friendship with them, when he
is facing danger to his life from his non-muslim enemies.

103
Sūrah 'Āl-'Imran 3:31-36
قُلْ إِن كُنْتُمْ تُحِبُّونَ اللَّهَ فَتَّبِعُونِ يُحْبِبْكُمُ اللَّهُ وَيَغْفِّرْ لَكُمْ ذُنُوبَكُمْ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ
رَّحِيمٌ ﴿ قُلْ أَطِيعُواْ اللَّهَ وَالرَّسُولَُ فَإِنِ تَوَلَوْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ الْكَفِرِينَ
﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَىْ ءَدَمَ وَنُوحًا وَءَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَءَالَ عِمْزَنَ عَلَى الْعَلَمِينَ
٣٢
ذُرِيَّةً بَعْضُهَا مِنْ بَعْضِرُ وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمُ (٤) إِذْ قَالَتِ أَمْرَأَتُ عِمْرَنَ رَبِّ
٣٣
إِ نَذَرْتُ لَكَ مَا فِى بَطْنِى مُحَرَّرًا فَتَقَبَّلْ مِنِّيَّ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ
وَضَعَتْهَا قَالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي وَضَعْتُهَا أُنثَى وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا وَضَعَتْ وَلَيْسَ الذَّكَرِ كَالْأُنثِّ
٣٦
وَإِنِ سَمَّيْتُهَا مَرْيَمَ وَإِنّ أُعِيذُهَا بِكَ وَذُرِّيَّتَهَا مِنَ الشَّيْطَنِ الرَّحِيمِ
Say (O Prophet): "If you really love Allah, then follow me, and Allah shall
love you and forgive you your sins. Allah is Most-Forgiving, Very-
Merciful." [31] Say: "Obey Allah and the Messenger." Then, should they
turn back, Allah does not love the disbelievers." [32] Verily, Allah has
chosen 'Adam and Nuh (Noah) and the House of Ibrahim and the House
of 'Imran over all the worlds [33] - a progeny some of whom resembles
the others (in faith). Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing. [34] (Remember)
when 'Imran's wife " said: "O my Lord, I have vowed that what is in my
womb will be devoted exclusively for You. So, accept (it) from me. You,
certainly You, are the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing." [35] So, when she
delivered her, she said: "O my Lord, I have delivered her, a female
child." And Allah knew better what she had delivered, and the male was
not like the female
" I have named her Maryam, and I place her and
her progeny under Your shelter against Satan, the rejected." [36]
8) According to some reports, 'Imran was the Imam (prayer leader) of Bait-ul-
Maqdis (Jerusalem), and the name of his wife was Hannah. She was the mother
of Maryam A and grandmother of 'Isa , while her sister Ilisha '(Elizabeth)
was the wife of Zakariyya i and the mother of Yahya i (John). Hannah was
barren, and when she conceived the baby, she prayed to Allah in these words.
9) Allah Ta'ala says that the male child desired by her would not have been like
this female (Maryam x) who had qualities much more superior to male
children. (Bayan-ul-Qur'an).

104
Sūrah 'Āl-'Imran 3:37-39
فَتَقَبَّلَهَا رَبُّهَا بِقَبُولٍ حَسَنٍ وَأَأَتَهَا بَبَاتًا حَسَنَّا وَكَفَّلَهَا ذَكَرِيًّا كُلَّمَا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا
زَكَرِيَّا الْمِحْرَابَ وَجَدَ عِندَهَا رِزْقًا قَالَ يَمَرْيَمُ أَنَّى لَكِ هَذَا قَالَتْ هُوَ مِنْ عِندِ
هُنَالِكَ دَعَا ذَكَرِبَا رَبَُّ قَالَ رَبِّ
اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَزُقُ مَن يَشَاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ
٢٧
هَبْ لِ مِن لَّدُنكَ ذُرِّيَّةً طَيِّبَةٌ إِنَّكَ سَمِيعُ الدُّعَاِ ﴿ فَنَادَتَهُ الْمَلَتِكَةُ وَهُوَ
قَائِمٌ يُصَلّى فِىِ الْمِحْرَابِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُبَشِّرُكَ بِيَحْيَى مُصَدِّقًا بِكَلِمَةٍ مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَسَيِّدًا
٢٩
وَحَصُورًا وَنَبِيًّا مِّنَ الصَّلِحِينَ
So, her Lord accepted her, a good acceptance, and made her grow, a
good growth, and made Zakariyyā her guardian. Whenever Zakariyyā
visited her at the place of worship, he found food with her. "He said:
"Maryam, from where did you have this?" She said: "It is from Allah.
Surely, Allah gives whom He wills without measure." [37] Thereupon,
Zakariyyā prayed to his Lord. He said: "O my Lord, grant me from Your
own (power) a goodly progeny. "Verily, You are the One who listens to
the prayer." [38]
So then, when he stood praying in the place of worship, the angels called
out to him saying: "Allah gives you the good news of Yahya who shall
come to confirm a word of Allah "and shall be a chief, abstinent (from
women), a prophet and one of the righteous." [39]
10) According to some reports, she used to receive fruits out of season.
11) According to the Holy Qur'an (19: 4, 5) he had become very old, and his
wife was barren. Yet, when he saw the fruits coming to Sayyidah Maryam
out of season, he recalled that Allah, who has the power to provide her such
fruits at any time, may provide him too a son in this old age, and therefore he
prayed for a son.
12) 'Word of Allah' refers to the Prophet 'Isa til, because he was born by
Allah's word without a father. Yahya > was to confirm the prophethood of
‘Īsā is.

105
domess
Sūrah 'Āl-‘Imran 3:40-43
قَالَ رَبِّ أَّى يَكُونُ لِى غُلَمٌ وَقَدْ بَلَغَنِىَ الْكِبَرُ وَأَمْرَأَتِى عَاقِرٌ قَالَ كَذَلِكَ
قَالَ رَبِّ أَجْعَل لِيّ ءَايَةٌ قَالَ ءَايَتُكَ أَلَّ تُكَلِّمَ
اُللَّهُ يَفْعَلُ مَا يَشَآءُ
النَّاسَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامِ إِلَّ رَهْزًّا وَاذْكُرُ زَبَّكَ كَثِيرًا وَسَبِّحْ بِالْعَشِّ وَاَلْإِبْكَرِ
وَإِذْ قَالَتِ الْمَلَئِكَةُ يَحَرْيَمُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَنكِ وَطَهَّرَكِ وَأَصْطَفَكِ عَلَى نِسَآءِ
٤
٤٣
يَمَرْيَمُ أَقْنُتِى لِرَبِّكِ وَأَسْجُدِى وَأَرْكَعِى مَعَ الزَّكِعِينَ
اُلْعَلَمِينَ
He said: "O my Lord, how shall I have a boy when old age has come
upon me and my wife is barren?" 13 Said He: "That is how Allah does
what He wills." [40] He said: "O my Lord, set for me a sign." Said He:
"Your sign is that you shall not be able to speak to people for three days
except through gestures. 14 Remember your Lord much; and proclaim
His purity in the evening and the morning." [41]
And when the angels said: "O Maryam, Allah has chosen you and
purified you and chosen you over the women of all the worlds. [42] O
Maryam, stand in devotion to your Lord and prostrate yourself and bow
down in Ruku' with those who bow." [43]
13) Zakariyya ) himself had prayed for a son despite his old age, but when he
was told that a boy would be born to his wife, he expressed his gratitude to
Allah by means of an exclamation in the form of a question about how Allah
could give him a son in this abnormal way. This question is not based,
therefore, on any lack of belief in Allah's power. Rather, it was an exclamation
made by a human being who had come face to face with Allah's infinite power
and on the mercy shown to him. His question regarding how this abnormal
event would occur was therefore an expression of praise and gratitude.
14)He wanted to know the exact time when his wife would conceive a child, so
that he might start offering gratitude to Allah from that very moment.
Therefore, he asked for a sign that might indicate the pregnancy of his wife. The
sign given was that, as soon as she conceived the baby, he would lose his ability
to speak to people, except through gestures, but his ability to make dhikr
(remembrance of Allah) and tasbih (proclaiming purity of Allah) would remain
intact.

106
Sūrah 'Āl-'Imran 3:44-48
ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَنْبَاءِ الْغَيْبِ نُوحِيهِ إِلَيْكَ وَمَا كُنْتَ لَدَيْهِمْ إِذْ يُلْقُونَ أَقْلَمَهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ
إِذْ قَالَتِ الْمَلَتِكَةُ يَمَرْيَمُ
يَكْفُلُ مَرْيَمَ وَمَا كُنْتَ لَدَيْهِمْ إِذْ يَخْتَصِمُونَ
٤٤
إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُبَشِّرُكِ بِكَلِمَةٍ مِنْهُ اسْمُهُ الْمَسِيحُ عِيسَى أَبْنُ مَرْيَمَ وَجِيهَا فِ الدُّنْيَا
وَيُكَلِّمُ النَّاسَ فِىِ الْمَهْدِ وَكَهْلاً وَمِنَ الصَّلِحِينَ
وَاُلْآَخِرَةِ وَمِنَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ
٤٥
قَالَتْ رَبِّ أَنَّى يَكُونُ لِى وَلَدٌ وَلَمْ يَمْسَسْنِى بَشَرٌ قَالَ كَذَلِكِ اللَّهُ يَخْلُقُ مَا
وَيُعَلِّمُهُ الْكِنَبَ وَاُلْحِكْمَةَ
يَشَاءُ إِذَا قَضَى أَمْرًا فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُ, كُنْ فَيَكُونُ
٤٧
٤٨
وَالتَّوْرَنَةَ وَالْإِنِيلَ
This is a part of the news of the unseen We reveal to you (O Prophet!).
You were not with them when they were casting their pens (to decide)
who, from among them, should be the guardian of Maryam, "nor were
15
you with them when they were quarrelling. [44]
(Remember the time) when the angels said: "O Maryam, Allah gives you
the good news of a Word from Him 16whose name is Masih 'Isa , the
son of Maryam (the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary) a man of status in this
world and in the Hereafter, and one of those who are near (to Allah). [45]
He shall speak to people while (he is still) in the cradle, and also later,
when he is of mature age; and he shall be one of the righteous." [46] She
said: "O my Lord, how shall I have a son while no human has ever
touched me?" Said He: "That is how Allah creates what He wills. When
He decides a matter, He simply says to it 'Be', and it comes to be. [47]
He shall teach him the Book and the Wisdom, and the Torah and the
Injil, [48]
15) The father of Maryam
had died before her birth, and there was a
dispute about her guardianship which was settled ultimately by drawing lots.
Casting pens in water was the method of drawing lots that was won by
Zakariyyā .
16) See note on 3:39

107
Sūrah 'Āl-'Imran 3:49-53
وَرَسُولًا إِلَى بَنِىّ إِسْرَّهِيلَ أَنِى قَدْ جِئْتُكُمْ بِئَايَةٍ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ أَنَّ أَخْلُقُ لَكُم
مِّنَ الطِّينِ كَهَيْئَةِ الَّيْرِ فَأَنْفُخُ فِيهِ فَيَكُونُ طَيْرًا بِإِذْنِ اللّهِ وَأَبْرِىُّ
اُلْأَكْمَهَ وَالْأَبْرَصَ وَأُحْيِ الْمَوْنَى بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَأُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا تَأْكُونَ وَمَا تَدَّخِرُونَ
وَمُصَدِّقًا لِّمَا بَيْنَ
٤٩
فِي بُيُوتِكُمَّ إِنَّ فِى ذَلِكَ لَيَةً لَّكُمْ إِن كُنْتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ
يَدَىَّ مِنَ التَّوْرَةِ وَلِأُحِلَّ لَكُمْ بَعْضَ الَّذِى حُرِّمَ عَلَيْكُمُّ وَجِئْتُكُم بَِايَةٍ
إِنَّ اللَّهَ رَبِِّ وَرَبُّكُمْ فَأَعْبُدُوَةٌ هَذَا
مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ فَاتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ
فَلَمَّا أَحَسَ عِيسَى مِنْهُمُ الْكُفْرَ قَالَ مَنْ أَنْصَارِىّ
صِرَاطٌ مُسْتَقِيمٌ
إِلَى اللَّهِ قَالَ الْحَوَارِيُّونَ نَحْنُ أَنْصَارُ اللَّهِ ءَامَنَا بِاللَّهِ وَأَشْهَدْ بِأَنَّا
رَبَّنَآ ءَامَنَا بِمَا أَنزَلْتَ وَأَتَّبَعْنَا الرَّسُولَ فَأُكْتُبْنَا مَعَ
مُسْلِمُونَ®
الشَّهِدِينَ
and (shall make him) a messenger to the Children of Isra'il (who will say
to them): "I have come to you with a sign from your Lord, that is, I create
for you from clay something in the shape of a bird, then I blow in it, and
it becomes a living bird by the will of Allah; and I cure the born-blind and
the leper, and I cause the dead to become alive by the will of Allah; and
I inform you of what you eat and what you store in your homes. In this
there is surely a sign for you, if you are (truly) believers. [49] (I have come
to you) confirming that (book) which is (sent down) prior to me, that is,
the Torah, and to make permissible for you some of what was prohibited
to you. I have come to you with a sign from your Lord. So, fear Allah and
obey me. [50] Allah is surely my Lord and your Lord. So, worship Him.
This is the straight path." [51] So, when 'Isa sensed disbelief in them, he
said: "Who are my helpers in the way of Allah?" The disciples said: "We
are helpers of Allah. We believe in Allah; so be our witness that we are
Muslims." [52] "Our Lord, we have believed in what You have revealed,
and we have followed the messenger. So, record us with those who bear
witness (to the Truth)." [53]

108
Sūrah 'Āl-'Imran 3:54-57
إِذْ قَالَ اللَّهُ يَعِيسَىّ إِ
وَمَكَرُواْ وَمَكَرَ اللَّهُ وَاللَّهُ خَيْرُ الْمَكِينَ
مُتَوَفِّيكَ وَرَافِعُكَ إِلَىَّ وَمُطَهِّرُكَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَجَاعِلُ الَّذِينَ أَتَبَعُوكَ فَوْقَ
الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ ثُمَّ إِلَىَّ مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَأَحْكُمُ بَيْنَكُمْ فِيمَا
فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فَأُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذَابًا شَدِيدًاً فِى الذُّنْيَا
كُنْتُمْ فِيهِ تَخْتَلِفُونَ
وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ
وَالْأَخِرَةِ وَمَا لَهُم مِّن نَصِرِينَ.
الصَّلِحَتِ فَيُوَفِّيهِمْ أُجُورَهُمّ وَاَللَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ الظَّالِمِينَ
They (the opponents of 'Isa ) devised a plan, and Allah devised a plan.
17
And Allah is the best of all planners. [54] When Allah said: "O 'Īsā , I am
to take you in full 18 and to raise you towards Myself, and to cleanse you
of those who disbelieve, and to place those who follow you above those
who disbelieve up to the Day of Doom. Then to Me is your return,
whereupon I shall judge between you in that over which you have
differed. [55] As for those who disbelieve, I shall punish them a severe
punishment in this world and in the Hereafter; and for them there are no
helpers." [56] As for those who believe and do good deeds, He (Allah)
will give them their rewards in full. Allah does not like transgressors. [57]
17) They planned to crucify 'Isa , but Allah planned to raise him up and
thereby frustrate their ill designs. The next verse explains Allah's plan.
18) This is the literal translation of the original word: mutawaffika, used by the
Holy Qur'an. The word tawaffi, the root word of mutawaffika, is also used for
'bringing death', but the word used by the Qur'an cannot mean that Isa til has
died because, firstly the next word 'and raise you towards Myself' clearly negates
this sense and, secondly, the Holy Qur'an has clarified the position in 4:157-158
where it is said, "They have neither killed him, nor crucified him, but they were
deluded by resemblance .... and it is certain that they did not kill him, but Allah
had raised him". And in 4:159 it is said, "There is none from the People of the
Book, but shall certainly believe in him before he dies." And in 43:61 it is
declared that he is one of the signs of Qiyamah (the Day of Judgement) which
means that he will descend again in the last days of this world.

109
press.com
Sūrah 'Āl-'Imran 3:58-62
إِنَّ مَثَلَ عِيسَى عِندَ اللَّهِ
ذَلِكَ نَتْلُوهُ عَلَيْكَ مِنَ الْآَيَتِ وَالذِّكْرِ اُلْحَكِيمِ
٥٨
اَلْحَقُّ مِن رَّيِّكَ فَلاَ
كَمَثَلِ ءَدَمَّ خَلَقَهُ مِن تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ كُنْ فَيَكُونُ لَفَبَ
فَمَنْ حَاجَّكَ فِيهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَآءَكَ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ فَقُلْ تَعَالَوْاْ
تَكُنُ مِّنَ الْمُمْتَرِنَ
٦٠
نَدْعُ أَبْنَآءَنَا وَأَبْنَاءَكُمْ وَنِسَاءَنَا وَنِسَآءَ كُمْ وَأَنْفُسَنَا وَأَنْفُسَكُمْ ثُمَّ نَبْتَهِلْ فَنَجْعَل
إِنَّ هَذَا لَهُوَ اُلْقَصَصُ الْحَقُّ وَمَا مِنْ إِلَهِ إِلَّا
◌َّعْنَتَ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْكَذِبِينَ
اللّهُ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
This We recite to you of the Verses and the Message that is full of
wisdom. [58] Surely, the case of 'Isa , in the sight of Allah, is like the case
of 'Adam . "He created him from dust, then He said to him, "Be", and
he came to be. [59] The truth is from your Lord. So, do not be of those
who doubt. [60] If someone argues with you (O Prophet) over this after
the knowledge that has come to you, say (to him), "Come, let us call our
sons and your sons, our women and your women, ourselves and
yourselves, then (let us) pray and invoke the curse of Allah upon the liars.
29, [61] This is, indeed, the true narration. There exists no god but Allah.
Allah is surely the Almighty, the All-Wise. [62]
19) 'Adam Hat was admittedly born without any father or mother, but the
Christians do not believe him to be a god. This is an obvious proof that
someone's birth without a father does not mean that he is god.
20) Even after the Truth had become clear to the Christian members of the
delegation of Najran, they did not consent to embrace Islam. At this point, the
way suggested to them by this verse was to carry out a mubahalah which means
that both disputing parties assemble at a place and pray to Allah that whoever
of them is on falsehood should be cursed by Allah and annihilated. This is the
last resort for a conclusive end to argumentation in matters of faith. Normally,
when it is done, Allah Ta'ala destroys the group who adheres to a false belief.
When this suggestion was put before 'Abdullah Ibn Shurahbil, the leader of the
delegation of Najran, the Holy Prophet we came out with his family members
to undertake mubahalah, but the Najran delegation was not prepared to
participate in it. Instead, they opted to have a political compromise with the
Holy Prophet . (Ruh-ul-Ma'ani)

110
Sūrah 'Āl-'Imran 3:63-68
قُلْ يَأَهْلَ الْكِنَبِ تَعَالَوْاْ إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ
فَإِن تَوَلَّوْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ بِالْمُفْسِدِينَ
سَوَلِ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ أَلَّا نَعْبُدَ إِلَّا اللَّهَ وَلَا نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُنَا
يَأَهْلَ
بَعْضَا أَرْبَابًا مِّن دُونِ الَّهِ فَإِن تَوَلَّوْاْ فَقُولُواْ أَشْهَدُواْ بِأَنَّا مُسْلِمُونَ
الْكِتَبِ لِمَ تُحَاجُّونَ فِىّ إِنْرَهِيمَ وَمَا أُنزِلَتِ التَّوْرَكَةُ وَالْإِنِجِيلُ إِلَّا مِنْ
هَأَنتُمْ هَؤُلَاءٍ حَجَجْتُمْ فِيمَا لَكُمْ بِهِ، عِلَمٌ فَلِمَ تُحَاجُونَ
بَعْدِوَةً أَفَلاَ تَعْقِلُونَ (١٥)
مَا كَانَ إِبْرَهِيمُ يَهُودِيًّا
T
فِيمَا لَيْسَ لَكُمْ بِهِ، عِلَّ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ وَأَنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ
إِنَّ أَوْلَى
وَلَا نَصْرَانِيًّا وَلَكِن كَانَ حَنِيفًا مُسْلِمًا وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ
٦٨
النَّاسِ بِإِنَزَهِيمَ لَلَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُ وَهَذَا النَّبِىُّ وَاُلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَاللَّهُ وَلِيُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
So, should they turn back, Allah is fully aware of the mischievous people.
[63] Say, "O people of the Book, come to a word common between us
and between you, that we worship none but Allah, that we associate
nothing with Him and that some of us do not take others as Lords
instead of Allah." Then, should they turn back, say, "Bear witness that
we are Muslims."[64] O people of the Book, why do you argue about
Ibrahim, while the Torah and the Injil were not revealed until after him?
21 Have you, then, no sense? [65] Look, this is what you are - you have
already argued about matters concerning which you have knowledge;
why then do you argue about matters of which you have no knowledge?
Allah knows and you do not know. [66] Ibrahim was neither a Jew nor a
Christian. But he was upright, a Muslim, and was not one of those who
associate partners with Allah. [67] The closest of people to Ibrahim are
those who followed him, and this prophet, and those who believe; and
Allah is the Guardian of all believers. [68]
21) Some Jews and Christians claimed that Ibrahim belonged to their
religions. This verse points out that each one of these religions came into
existence a long time after Ibrahim i. The next verse reminds them that some
of their earlier arguments were based on correct knowledge of the facts, like the
birth of Isa ti without father, though the conclusion drawn by them was wrong
and therefore, these arguments failed. Now they are contending on the basis of
an assumption which is totally wrong. How can such an argument help them?

111
Sūrah 'Āl-'Imran 3:69-73
وَدَّتِ طَآئِفَةٌ مِّنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَبِ لَوْ يُضِلُونَكُمْ وَمَا يُضِلُونَ إِلَّ أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَمَا
يَتَأَهْلَ الْكِتَبِ لِمَ تَكْفُرُونَ بِّايَتِ اَللَّهِ وَأَنتُمُ تَشْهَدُونَ
19
يَشْعُرُونَ
يَأَهْلَ الْكِتَبِ لِمَ تَلْبِسُونَ الْحَقَّ بِالْبَطِلِ وَتَكْتُمُونَ الْحَقَّ وَأَنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
وَقَالَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِّنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَبِ ءَامِنُواْ بِلَّذِىّ أُنزِلَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَجْهَ
٧
وَلَا تُؤْمِنُواْ إِلَّا لِمَنْ تَبِعَ دِينَكُمْ قُلّْ
النَّهَارِ وَأَكْفُرُوَاْ ءَآخِرَهُ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ
إِنَّ الْهُدَى هُدَى اللَّهِ أَنْ يُؤَنَّ أَحَدٌ مِّثْلَ مَا أُوتِيتُمْ أَوْ بُحَاجُوكُمْ عِنْدَ رَبِّكُمْ قُلْ
إِنَّ اُلْفَضْلَ بِيَدِ اللَّهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَن يَشَآَةٌ وَاللَّهُ وَسِعُ عَلِيمٌ
A group from the people of the Book loves to mislead you, while they
mislead none but themselves, and they do not realize. [69] O people of
the Book, why do you disbelieve in the verses of Allah (revealed in the
former Scriptures to foretell about the advent of the Holy Prophet O)
while you are yourselves witnesses (to those verses)? [70] O People of the
Book, why do you confound the truth with falsehood, and conceal the
truth when you know (the reality)? [71] And a group from the people of
the Book said (to their people), "Believe in what has been revealed to the
believers in the early part of the day, and disbelieve at the end of it, so that
they may turn back. 22 [72] But do not believe (for real) except in those
who follow your faith." Say, "(Real) guidance is the guidance of Allah."
(But all that you do is due to your envy) that someone is given what is
similar to that which you have been given, or that they argue against you
before your Lord." Say, "The bounty is in the hands of Allah. 23 He gives
it to whom He wills. Allah is All-Embracing, All-Knowing. [73]
22) It means that when people see that these people are rejecting Islam after
embracing it, they will feel that there are some inherent defects in Islam, and
thus they will be induced to leave Islam themselves.
23) 'Bounty' in this verse and 'grace' in verse 74 refer to prophethood and to
revelation of the divine books. The sense is that the Jews and the Christians are
opposing Islam because of envy. They do not like that any other nation is
blessed with a prophet or with a divine book, while Allah is the One who selects