Indexed OCR Text
Pages 561-580
561 The Life of Muhammad % "Say: If all of mankind and the jinns were to get together in order to produce a Qur'an like this, they will not produce anything like it even if they were to help each other [in this task]." (Sūrah Banī Isrā'il, verse 88) 3. Protection of Muhammad وَاللهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ "Allah will protect you from the people." At the beginning of his prophet-hood, Muhammad _ was all alone without any helper. Not only all the Arabs, but the entire world was his enemy. Allah % promised to protect him. There is no need for him to become agitated, Allah % is his protector. The enemy can cause no harm to him. All praise is due to Allah that this promise was fulfilled. Allah % safeguarded him from the enemies on different occasions. On the occasion of the emigration, when the enemy was bent on murdering him, he made 'Alī 4% to sleep on his bed, recited the beginning verses of Sūrah Ya Sin, threw a handful of sand on the unbelievers and walked right past them. He went to the house of Abu Bakr and proceeded with him to the cave of Thaur. The following verse was revealed in this regard: وَإِذْ يَمْكُرُ بِكَ الَّذِيْنَ كَفَرُوْا لِيُتْبِتُؤْكَ أَوْ يَقْتُلُوْكَ أَوْ يُخْرِجُوْكَ "When the unbelievers plotted against you in order to take you captive or kill you or expel you." (Sūrah al-Anfal, verse 30) 4. The victory of Islam هُوَ الَّذِيْ أَرْسَلَ رَسُوْلَهُ بِالُْدَى وَدِيْنِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدّيْنِ كُلِّهِ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُوْنَ "It is He who sent His Messenger with guidance and the true religion so that it may supercede all other religions even though the polytheists may abhor it." (Surah al-Fath, verse 28) 562 The Life of Muhammad % This promise of Allah was fulfilled and Islam superceded Judaism, Christianity, Magaenism, polytheism, agnosticism and all other false religions. No religion had the power to combat Islam through proofs and evidences. The defeat of the Romans الم، غُلِبَتِ الرُّوْمُ، فِيْ أَدْنَى الأَرْضِ وَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ غَلَبِهِمْ سَيَغْلِبُوْنَ، فِيْ بِضْعِ سِنِيْنَ، للهِ الأَمْرُ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَمِنْ بَعْدُ، وَيَوْمَئِذٍ يَّفْرَعُ الْمُؤْمِنُؤْنَ، بِنَصْرِ اللهِ، يَنْصُرُ مَنْ يَّشَآءُ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيْزُ الرَّحِيْمُ، وَعْدَ اللهِ، لاَ يُخْلِفُ اللهُ وَعْدَهُ وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لاَ يَعْلَمُوْنَ. "Alif Lām Mīm. The Romans have been defeated. In a nearby land. And after this defeat of theirs, they will soon become victorious. In a few years. All matters are in the control of Allah, before and after. And on that day, the believers shall rejoice. By the help of Allah. He helps whomever He wills. He alone is mighty, merciful. This is the promise of Allah. Allah will not go against His promise. But most people do not know." (Sūrah ar-Rūm, verses 1-6) These verses make mention of a mighty prediction. These verses were revealed in Makkah before the emigration to Madīnah. The story is that there was a battle between the Romans and the Persians. The Persians defeated the Romans. The polytheists of Makkah rejoiced at this and began mocking the Muslims by saying: "The Persians who are polytheists like us have overpowered the people of the Book. This is a good omen for us in the sense that there will come a time when we will also destroy the Muslims who have also received a Book [the Qur'an]." The Muslims despaired at this. Allah s then revealed these verses wherein this prediction was made that although the Romans are defeated at present, they will overpower the Persians once again in a matter of within 10 years. This is a promise of Allah % which will certainly be fulfilled. 563 The Life of Muhammad % Consequently, this prediction of the Qur'an was fulfilled within seven years. The Romans defeated the Persians. This promise of Allah g was fulfilled during the time of the peace treaty of Hudaybiyah. 6. The Rightly Guided Caliphs وَعَدَ اللهُ الَّذِيْنَ امَنُوْا مِنْكُمْ وَعَمِلُوا الصّلِحِتِ لَيَسْتَخْلِفَنَّهُمْ فِي الأَرْضِ كَمَا اسْتَخْلَفَ الَّذِيْنَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ ص وَلَيُمَكِّنَنَّ لَهُمْ دِيْنَهُمُ الَّذِي ارْتَضَى لَهُمْ وَلَيُبَدِّلَنَّهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ خَوْفِهِمْ أَمْنَا ﴿ يَعْبُدُوْنَنِيْ لاَ يُشْرِكُوْنَ بِيْ شَيْئًا ﴿ وَمَنْ كَفَرَ بَعْدَ ذلِكَ فَأُولِئِكَ هُمُ الْفُسِقُوْنَ. "Allah has promised those who have iman from among you and who did good deeds that He shall make them leaders in the land as He had made leaders those who were before them. He shall fortify for them their religion which He chose for them and He will change their fear for security. They will worship Me and they will not ascribe anything to Me. Whoever is ungrateful thereafter, it is they who are truly disobedient." (Sūrah an-Nur, verse 55) In this verse, Allah s makes three promises to the Muslims of that time, i.e. to the Sahabah: (1) He will bestow them with a great and powerful caliphate and empire similar to that which was given to Da'ūd " and Sulayman ca) from the Banī Isra'il. (2) He will give such a firm control and authority to Islam during their rule, that the religion of Islam will supercede all the other religions of the world. (3) They will have no fear whatsoever for the unbelievers in their hearts. They will worship Allah # without any fear and danger - with complete peace and security. A similar theme is mentioned in numerous Ahadith. 564 The Life of Muhammad % All praise is due to Allah & this promise was fulfilled at the hands of the Rightly Guided Caliphs. The Sahabah & got hold of the treasures of Caesar and Khusroes. At the time when this prediction was made, the Sahabah did not have any resources and lived a life of poverty. Due to all this, they were in fear of the unbelievers. When they went to sleep at night, this fear remained that someone or the other would attack them. They were neither fully conversant with war tactics nor did they know the rules of world conquest and government. All the tribes were the enemies of the Muslims. They were thirsty for the blood of Muslims. The kingdom of the Magaens was established in Iran with much clamour. The authority of the Christians was firmly established in the Roman Empire. Both these empires had reached the level of superpowers in their military strength, wealth, weaponry and treasures. On the other hand, the Muslims were in the pits as regards their resources and riches. The entire world had no ruler and king that could compete with Caesar and Khusroes. Despite this, in a period of 30 years, the predictions that were made with regard to the caliphate and Islamic rule, were all realized and fulfilled without any outward material causes. All this was achieved solely through the divine help of Allah During the very lifetime of Rasūlullah , the Hijaz, Najd, Yemen, Khaybar, Bahrain and most of the other Arab lands came under his control. The Negus of Abyssinia embraced Islam. That entire land changed from dar al-harb to dar al- Islam. The Magaens of Hijr and the Christians of certain areas of Syria began paying the jizyah. During the era of Abu Bakr 445, some areas of Persia, Basra, and some areas of Syria came under the control of the Muslims. During the era of 'Umar 4%, the entire land of Syria, the entire land of Egypt and a major portion of Persia came under Muslim control. Khursroes tried his utmost to defend whatever he 565 The Life of Muhammad could, but achieved nothing but loss. Caesar did the same but saw nothing but defeat. The states of Europe which were by and large under Ceasar all came into the lot of 'Umar 4% after the fall of Caesar. Innumerable treasures and riches were distributed among the Muslims. The flag of tauhid and Islam fluttered in all these areas. In some areas, all vestiges of unbelief and polytheism were completely wiped out. In some places, unbelief was overpowered and became powerless. Muslims began worshipping Allah % with extreme peace and security - without any fear and danger. During the era of 'Uthman 4%, the lands of Spain, Qayrawan till the Atlantic ocean in the West were all conqured. In the East, the lands till the Chinese lands were conquered. The rule of Khusroes was brought to a complete end. No sign of him remained. He was killed in 30 A.H. The taxes of the East and West poured into Madinah. The entire world was subservient to the Muslims. By the bounty and mercy of Allah , the Muslims enjoyed world domination. For example, when Nadir Shah overpowered Muhammad Shah, the ruler of India, it was as though he took control of the entire Indian sub-continent, even though the area of Deccan did not pay homage to him as yet. In like manner, when the Roman Empire was defeated, all the European states that were under the Romans were defeated and came under Muslim control and domination. This Islamic conquest was so strong, powerful and wide that it was as though all the kingdoms of the world were under Muslim control. In short, in accordance with the promise of Allah g and the prediction of Rasūlullah %, centuries old empires and kingdoms were destroyed and wiped out. The Christians, Magaens and polytheists did their utmost to fight the Muslims and defeat them, but all their efforts went in vain. On the contrary, Islam continued to flourish and rise. Muslim control extended from between 35° and 44° longitude till the lands of Greece and upto 566 The Life of Muhammad # 50° longitude in the northern limits of Turkey. At places it reached 70° and 82° longitude. Islam was firmly established in all these areas. Although no lands were conquered during the caliphate of 'Alī 4%, there is no doubt about the progress of Islam. The conflict between him and Mu'awiyah 4% was an internal conflict. They were brothers in arms against the unbelievers. There are detailed books on the conquests of the Rightly Guided Caliphs. It becomes absolutely clear from these that the progress which Islam enjoyed during their time, there is no parallel to it in the world. They overturned the Roman and Persian Empires, conquered half the world, and raised high the edifice of tauhid and the true religion. They destroyed unbelief and polytheism, and filled the world with justice and equity. May Allah 5 be pleased with all of them. 7. The conquest of Khaybar 8. The conquest of Persia and Rome لَقَدْ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِيْنَ إِذْ يُبَابِعُوْنَكَ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ فَعَلِمَ مَا فِيْ قُلُؤْبِهِمْ فَأَنْزَلَ السَّكِيْنَةَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَثَابَهُمْ فَتْحًا قَرِئْبًا. وَمَغَانِمَ كَثِيْرَةً تَأْخُذُوْنَا وَكَانَ اللهُ عَزِيْزًا حَكِيْمًا. وَعَدَّكُمُ اللّهُ مَغَاتِمَ كَثِيْرَةً تَأْخُذُؤْتَهَا فَعَجَّلَ لَكُمْ هذِهِ وَكَفَّ أَيْدِيَ النَّاسِ عَنْكُمْ وَلِتَكُوْنَ آيَةً لِلْمُؤْمِنِيْنَ وَيَهْدِيَّكُمْ صِرَاطًا مُسْتَقِيْمًا. وَأُخْرَى لَمَّ تَقْدِرُوْا عَلَيْهَا قَدْ أَحَاطَ اللهُ بِهَا وَكَانَ اللهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ فَدِيْرًا "Allah was certainly pleased with the believers when they began pledging their allegiance to you under that tree. He knew what was in their hearts. He then sent tranquillity upon them and rewarded them with a near victory. And many spoils which they will take. And Allah is mighty, wise. Allah has promised you many spoils which you will take. So He hastened this spoil to you and restrained the hands of the people from you. And so 567 The Life of Muhammad that it may be a sign of divine power for the believers. And that He might guide you along a straight path. And another victory which has not come within your power. It is in the control of Allāh. Allah has power over all things." (Sūrah al-Fath, verses 18-21) All praise is due to Allah % that all these promises were fulfilled. Khaybar was conquered during the life of Rasūlullah . The Persian and Roman Empires were conquered during the rule of 'Umar 9. The defeat of Arab tribes قُلْ لِلَّذِيْنَ كَفَرُوْا سَتُغْلَبُوْنَ - أَمْ يَقُؤْلُوْنَ تَحْنُ جَمِيْعٌ مُنْتَصِرٌ سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُؤَلُّوْنَ الدُّبُرَ "Say to the unbelievers, soon shall you be defeated." "Do they say: 'we are all a group, we will avenge each other.' This group will be vanquished and they will turn their backs in flight." (Sūrah al-Qamar, verses 44-45) In accordance with this promise of Allah %, eight years after the emigration, Makkah was conquered and the Arab tribes were so defeated that they were unable to raise their heads against Islam. In 4 A.H., the Jewish tribe of Banu Nadir was defeated and expelled. In 5 A.H., the Jewish tribe of Banū Qurayzah was killed. Khaybar was conquered in the 7th year A.H. The Jews were reduced to becoming farmers for the Muslims and they had to pay the jizyah. 10. The conquest of Makkah إِذَا جَآءَ نَصْرُ اللهِ وَالْفَتْحُ وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسَ يَدْخُلُوْنَ فِيْ دِيْنِ اللهِ أَفْوَاجَ دَّا فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوَّابًا "When the help of Allah and victory comes, and you see people entering the religion of Allah in droves, then glorify the praises 568 The Life of Muhammad of your Sustainer and seek His forgiveness. Surely He is relenting." (Sūrah an-Nasr) Makkah was conquered in 8 A.H. In the 9th and 10th years, the Arab tribes from all around, the people of Syria and Iraq all came to Rasulullah % and embraced Islam. People entered the fold of Islam in droves. 11. Victory in the battle of Ahzab وَلَمَّا رَأَى الْمُؤْمِنُوْنَ الأَحْزَابَ قَالُوْا هَذَا مَا وَعَدَنَا اللهُ وَرَسُوْلُهُ وَصَدَقَ اللهُ وَرَسُؤْلُهُ وَمَا زَادَهُمْ إِلاَّ إِنْمَانًا وَتَسْلِيْمًا "When the believers saw the confederates, they said: 'This is what Allah and His Messenger had promised us. And Allah and His Messenger spoke the truth.' This only increased their conviction and submission [to Allah and His Messenger]." (Sūrah al-Ahzāb, verse 22) A Hadith states: "Soon a time will come when the different Arab tribes and armies will join together and attack you. However, you will eventually defeat them." In the battle of Ahzab, the different Arab tribes joined forces in order to attack the Muslims. The promise of Allah de and His Messenger % proved true and Allah s gave victory to the Muslims. The unbelievers returned unsuccessful. 12. The Jews will never hope for death قُلْ إِنْ كَانَتْ لَكُمُ الدَّارُ الآخِرَةُ عِنْدَ اللهِ خَالِصَةً مِّنْ دُوْنِ النَّاسِ فَتَمَنَّوُا الْمَوْتَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صدِقِيْنَ. وَلَنْ يَّتَمَّنَّوْهُ أَبَدًا) بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيْهِمْ ﴿ وَاللهُ عَلِيْ بِالظّلِمِيْنَ. "Say: 'If the abode of the Hereafter by Allah is for you alone to the exclusion of others, then hope for death if you are saying the truth.' They will never ever hope for death on account of 569 The Life of Muhammad the sins which their hands have forwarded. And Allah has full knowledge of the sinners." (Sūrah al-Baqarah, verses 94-95) Rasūlullah % said to the Jews that if you are true in your claims of being the beloved ones of Allah Is, then desire and hope for death. At the same time he even said to them that they will never hope for death. Consequently, they were unable to hope for death. This theme is also found in Sūrah al-Jumu'ah: وَلاَ يَتَمَّنَّوْنَهُ أَبَدًا بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيْهِمْ وَاللهُ عَلِيْمٌ بِالظَّالِمِيْنَ "They will never desire it [death] on account of what their hands have sent forth. Allah knows well the wrong doers." 13. Instilling fear in the hearts of the unbelievers سَنُلْقِيْ فِيْ قُلُوبِ الَّذِيْنَ كَفَرُوا الْرُّعْبَ بِمَا أَشْرَكُوْا بِاللهِ مَا لَمَّ يُنَزِّلْ بِهِ سُلْطَانًا وَّمَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ "We shall instill fear in the hearts of the unbelievers because of their ascribing partners with Allah regarding which He did not send down any evidence. And their abode is the fire." (Sūrah Āl 'Imran, verse 115) During the battle of Hamra' al-Asad, Allah % instilled such fear and terror in the hearts of the unbelievers that although they enjoyed some sort of victory at Uhud, they did not have the courage to continue. In the battle of Ahzab as well regarding which Allah % says: يَاأَيُّهَا الَّذِيْنَ آمَنُوا اذْكُرُوْاْ نِعْمَةَ اللهِ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذْ جَآءَتْكُمْ جُنُؤْدٌ فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ رِيْجًا وَجُنُؤْدًا لَّ تَرَوْهَا وَكَانَ اللهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُوْنَ بَصِيْرًا. "O you who believe! Remember the favour of Allah on you when armies came upon you so We sent a wind against them and armies which you did not see. And Allah is watching all that you do." 570 The Life of Muhammad Rasūlullah % said: "I was helped by the cloud, Saba, and the people of 'Ad were destroyed by a westerly wind." 14. Apostasy and putting an end to it يأَيُّهَا الَّذِيْنَ أمَنُوْا مَنْ يََّدَّ مِنْكُمْ عَنْ دِيْنِهِ فَسَوْفَ يَأْتِي اللهُ بِقَوْم ◌ُحِبُّهُمْ وَيُحِبُّوْنَهُ لا أَذِلَّةٍ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِيْنَ أَعِزَّةٍ عَلَى الْكَفِيْنَ « يُجَاهِدُوْنَ فِيْ سَبِيْلِ اللهِ وَلاَ يَخَافُوْنَ لَوْمَةَ لآئِمٍ ﴿ ذلِكَ فَضْلُ اللهِ يُؤْتِيْهِ مَنْ يَّشَآءُ ﴿ وَاللهُ وَاسِعٌ عَلِيْمٌ "O believers! Whoever among you turns away from his religion, Allah shall soon bring a people whom Allah loves, and they love Him - soft-hearted to the Muslims, stern towards the unbelievers. They fight in the path of Allah and do not fear being censured by anyone. This is the bounty of Allah - He shall give it to whomever He wills. And Allah is bountiful, knowing." (Sūrah al-Ma'idah, verse 54) In this verse, Allah & informs Rasulullah that later on there will be people from his ummah who will become apostates. In other words, they will turn away from Islam. Allah & will immediately bring forward such people who will fight these apostates. Those who fight the apostates will love Allah g and He will love them. In the era of Abu Bakr 4% apostasy took place. Acting under the order of Abu Bakr 4%, the Sahabah fought the apostates and defeated them. 15. The demise of Rasūlullah إِذَا جَآءَ نَصْرُ اللهِ وَالْفَتْحُ وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسَ يَدْخُلُوْنَ فِيْ دِيْنِ اللهِ أَفْوَاجَ دَّا فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوَّبًا "When the help of Allah and victory comes, and you see people entering the religion of Allah in droves, then glorify the praises of your Sustainer and seek His forgiveness. Surely He is relenting." (Sūrah an-Nasr) 571 The Life of Muhammad % Ibn 'Abbās states that this sūrah makes reference to Rasulullah's journey to the hereafter. Once the help of Allah di comes and victory is achieved, and people enter Islam in droves, it should be understood that the object of Rasūlullah's mission has been achieved. He should now engage in the glorification and praise of Allah , seeking His forgiveness and preparing for the journey to the hereafter. All the above predictions were from the Qur'an. We shall now relate some of the predictions that are related in the Ahadith. Predictions that are mentioned in the Hadith It is related in the Sahīh of Imam Bukhārī rahimahullah and Imam Muslim rahimahullah that Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman narrated that on one occasion Rasulullah % mentioned in his sermon all those matters that are to occur till the day of resurrection. Some of these were remembered while others were forgotten. My companions [fellow Sahabah ] are also aware of them. I have forgotten some of those things. However, when I see them occurring I remember them as the things which Rasulullah ¿ had mentioned. This is similar to a person knowing how a person appears. The latter then goes away. When the person sees him again, he recognizes him as being the very person whom he had seen a long time ago. We shall now briefly enumerate those matters which Rasūlullah explained before they could take place. Instead of relating the entire Hadith, we will merely make reference to it and the source book where it could be found. Those who desire details may refer to the original sources. 1. The Rightly Guided Caliphs. Information about them is found in numerous Ahadith. 2. The era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs will last for 30 years. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 222) 572 The Life of Muhammad 3. The caliphate of Abu Bakr 4% and 'Umar %. Rasulullah said that you must follow these two after me. 4. Numerous references were made wherein the sequence of the Rightly Guided Caliphs was demonstrated. 5. The extent of the Islamic state and the great conquests that the Muslims will make. He said: "The empire of my ummah will be as vast as the entire lands that were shown to me." (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 210) 6. Caesar and Khusroes will be destroyed. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 207) 7. The Khilafah Rashidah and kingship thereafter. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 221) 8. The conquests of Yemen, Syria, Iraq, Egypt, Bayt al- Maqdis, and Palestine. 9. One day before the actual battle of Badr, he gave the names of all those who will be killed and also the spot at which they will be killed. All this happened exactly as he said. 10. He said: "I am going to kill Ubayy ibn Khalaf." And it happened exactly as he said. 11. After the battle of Khandaq, he said that the Quraysh will no longer have the courage to attack us. Instead, it is we who will attack them. 12. News of the death of Najāshī. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 206) 13. The commanders in the battle of Mutah who were martyred were martyred in the exact sequence as stated by Rasūlullāh %. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 9) 14. He informed the Quraysh in Makkah that the Sahifah Zālimah that is placed in the Ka'bah has been eaten by 573 The Life of Muhammad worms and only the name of Allah % is left of it. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 210) 15. When he was on his death bed, he informed Fatimah radiyallāhu 'anhā that she will be the first from his family to pass away. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 212) 16. When he was on his death bed, he informed his wives that the one who was the most charitable among them will be the first to pass away and join him. Zaynab bint Jahsh radiyallahu 'anha who was the most charitable was the first one to pass away from among his wives. 17. He said with regard to 'Umar 4: "This man is a lock for sedition. As long as he remains alive, all sedition will be locked up and confined." As long as Umar 4% remained alive, there was no sedition or rebellion among the Muslims. When he passed away, seditions and rebellions started. 18. 'Uthman 4% and 'Alī 4% will be martyred. (Zurqanī, vol. 7, p. 213) 19. Rasūlullāh said to 'Uthman 4 that he will be martyred by his enemies and there will be paradise for him. This is exactly what happened. (Bukhari and Muslim, as narrated by Abū Mūsā) He said to 'Alī 4% that a wretched person will strike him with a sword on his head in such a manner that his beard will become red [because it will be covered with blood]. This is exactly what happened. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 213) 20. The battle of Jamal will take place. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 215) 21. The battle of Siffin will take place. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 215) 574 The Life of Muhammad % 22. 'Ā'ishah radiyallahu 'anhā will go out [in battle]. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 216) 23. Rasūlullah % said to 'Ammar 4% that a rebellious group will kill him. This is exactly what happened. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 220) 24. Hasan 4% will reconcile and bring about peace between two big groups of Muslims. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 217) 25. Husayn 4% will be martyred. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 218) He was martyred. The people of my ummah will kill you. The story of his martyrdom is well known. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 219) 26. Thabit ibn Qays ibn Shammas > will be martyred. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 221) 27. 'Abdullah ibn Zubayr 4% will be put through a test and tribulation. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 221) 28. 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas % is the father of caliphs. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, pp. 222-223 and Izālah ash-Shukūk, vol. 1, p. 222) 29. A great scholar will appear in Madinah. Referring to Imām Mālik rahimahullāh. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 223 and p. 225) 30. A great scholar will appear from the Quraysh. Referring to Imām Shafi‘ī rahimahullāh. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, 225) 31. A great scholar will appear from the Persians. Referring to Imām Abū Hanīfah rahimahullāh. (as-Suyūtī: Tabyīd as-Sahīfah fī Manāqib al-Imām Abī Hanīfah) 32. A mujaddid will appear in every century. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 227) 33. The Khawarij will appear. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 227) 575 The Life of Muhammad # 34. The Shi'ah will appear. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 230) 35. The Qadarīyyah and Murji'ah will appear. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 230) 36. Claimants to prophet-hood will appear. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 231) 37. The rejecters of Hadith will appear. 38. Information about Aswad 'Ansi. He appeared from Sana in Yemen and claimed prophet-hood. Rasūlullah predicted that he will be killed. He informed the Sahabah & on the exact night when he was killed. 39. Mukhtar and Hajjaj will appear. 40. Parwez will be killed at the hands of Sherwayh. 41. Information about the wealth that 'Abbas 4% left with Umm Fadl. Before embracing Islam, Abbas was brought as a prisoner after the battle of Badr. When he was asked for a ransom, he replied that he is unable to pay the ransom. Rasūlullah % asked him: "Where is that money and gold which you left with Umm Fadl at night before your departure from Makkah. Pay that money and free yourself." No one knew about this but Rasūlullāh ¿ informed him about it. (Zurqānī, vol. 7, p. 208) 42. Trials, tribulations, earthquakes, the signs of the resurrection, the appearance of dajjal, the rising of the sun from the west, the appearance of a certain animal from the earth, the appearance of fire. (Zurqanī, vol. 7, pp. 232-236) In short, Rasūlullah informed us of various incidents and things before their occurrence. It was not possible for him to have known them without divine revelation. A few examples were given above. 576 The Life of Muhammad اللهم صل على سيدنا ومولانا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه وبارك وسلم Miracles of blessings The essence of every Prophet and Messenger is a fountain of blessings and goodness. Just as Muhammad % surpasses the other Prophets in other attributes and qualities, his miracles of blessings and goodness are unsurpassed. In short, through his blessings, a small amount of food and a small quantity of water sufficed a huge army on several occasions. 1. In the battle of Khandaq, a small quantity of flour in the house of Jabir 4% filled the bellies of a large number of people. (Bukhārī and Muslim) 2. Abū Talhah % invited Rasūlullah % alone to his house and prepared food for 2-3 persons. Rasulullah fed all his companions to their satisfaction from this little food. (Bukhārī and Muslim) 3. On one occasion, about 2kgs. of barley and the mutton of a lamb sufficed 80 people. (Bayhaqī, Dalā'il an- Nubūwwah) 4. There was no water left in the well at Hudaybiyah. Rasūlullah % poured the left over water of his ablution water into it and it began flowing like a spring. One thousand five hundred people drank of that water and gave to their animals as well. (Bukhārī and Muslim) 5. The spring that was at Tabuk had become dry. Rasūlullah % placed his ablution water into it. It began flowing so profusely, that thousands of people drank from it. (Muslim) 6. On one occasion, the entire army of Muslims were restless due to thirst. Rasūlullah % took a cup, it was so small that his hand could not fit into it. He placed his 577 The Life of Muhammad fingers over it and water began gushing from between his fingers. The entire army drank from that water and also performed ablution. 7. On one occasion a cup of milk was brought to him. Rasūlullah ordered Abu Hurayrah 4% to call all the people of Suffah. They numbered about 70-80. All of them drank to their fill from that one cup. When they all finished, the milk was still as it had been. (Bukhārī) 8. When Rasūlullah į married Zaynab radiyallahu 'anhā, then the mother of Anas 4%, Umm Sulaym radiyallahu 'anhā, prepared some food and sent it to Rasulullah . Rasūlullah invited many Sahabah & and ordered that 10 of them should sit at a time and partake of that food. Approximately 300 of them ate from that food. The balance of the food was more than what was originally prepared., (Muslim) Acceptance of supplications From among the miracles of Rasulullah & is that whatever supplication he made for anyone, it was accepted. Such miracles are also referred to as Sayf al-Lisanī. In other words, whatever is uttered by the tongue, happens exactly like that without any delay. This is a sign that the person is a chosen one of Allah , and divinely assisted. Whatever Allah lg causes that person to say, takes place exactly like that. What can be said of the forceful tongue of Rasūlullah ! Whatever he said was engraved in rock. Whatever he said about a particular person, took place exactly like that. 1. Rasūlullah supplicated for Anas 4% who was a very poor person. Through this supplication, he became very wealthy. 578 The Life of Muhammad 2. 'Abdur Rahman ibn 'Auf % became so wealthy by the supplication of Rasūlullah , that he owned hundreds of thousands., 3. Rasulullah supplicated for Sa'd that Allah should make him a person whose supplications are readily accepted. This supplication was accepted. 4. On the occasion of the hijrah, Suraqah followed Rasūlullah % [in order to capture him]. Rasūlullah supplicated that Allah % should cause his horse to sink into the ground. No sooner he made this supplication, the horse sunk into the ground till its knees. When Suraqah embraced Islam, Rasūlullah again supplicated and the horse came out immediately. 5. Rasūlullah % supplicated in favour of 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas % that Allah is should bless the latter with knowledge. Consequently, he became a fountain of knowledge and wisdom. 6. Rasulullah supplicated for the memory of Abu Hurayrah 4%. Consequently, he never forgot whatever he heard thereafter. 7. Rasūlullāh supplicated for the guidance of Abū Hurayrah's mother. She embraced Islam soon thereafter. 8. On one occasion, Rasulullah went to someone's house. He placed a sheet over all of them and supplicated. The threshold of the door and the walls of the door said amin three times to his supplication. 9. When the Quraysh displayed extreme opposition and antagonism towards him, he cursed them by saying: "O Allāh! Inflict them with a drought." Consequently, a drought was inflicted on them. (Bukhārī) 579 The Life of Muhammad 10. Madinah experienced a drought. While Rasūlullah was delivering his sermon, a person stood up and said: "O Rasūlullah! Supplicate for rain." Rasulullah _ raised his hand and supplicated. It started to rain immediately. Curing the sick 1. During the battle of Khaybar, 'Alī 4% experienced some pain in his eyes. Rasūlullah % placed some of his blessed saliva on to them and they were immediately cured. His eyes never pained again. 1 2. An eye of Qatādāh ibn an-Nu'man fell off. Rasūlullah picked it up with his blessed hand and placed it back in its place. This eye sparkled and looked more appealing than the other eye [that hadn't fallen off]. 3. 'Abdullah ibn 'Atīk killed Abū Rāfi‘. When 'Abdullah 4% was coming down from the steps, he fell and broke his legs. Rasūlullah % passed his blessed hand over his legs and they were immediately cured as though they had not broken.2 4. While they were in the cave of Hira', a snake bit Abū Bakr 5. Rasūlullah % placed his saliva on that spot and it was immediately cured. 5. A blind person came to Rasūlullah . Rasulullah taught him a special supplication and said to him: "After performing ablution, offer two rak'ats of salah and supplicate to Allah & by using my name. Allah dis, 1 For miracles of this nature refer to Sharh ash-Shifa' of Qadî Iyad rahimahullah and Sharh Mawāhib. 2 Bukhārî, Bāb Qatl Abî Rāfi‘. 580 The Life of Muhammad will fulfil your need. This blind person followed the advice of Rasūlullah . 'Uthman ibn Hanif says: "We still hadn't got up from that assembly when that blind person's eyesight was returned to him.1 6. Habib ibn Abī Fudayk's father developed white specks in his eyes and became blind. Rasūlullah % recited something and blew into his eyes. His eyes were immediately cured.2 7. During the Farewell Pilgrimage, a woman came to Rasūlullah % with a child of hers. She informed him that this child of hers is dumb, it cannot speak. Rasūlullah % asked for some water, washed his hands, gargled his mouth and said: "Give this child this water to drink and sprinkle some of it onto him." When the woman came the following year, her child was completely cured and could speak.3 8. When Muhammad ibn Hatib % was still a child, he fell from his mother's lap into the fire and got slightly burnt. Rasūlullah % placed some of his blessed saliva onto him and he was completely cured.4 9. Abū Hurayrah 4% complained to Rasūlullah % about his memory - that he forgets whatever he hears from him. Rasūlullah asked him to spread out his shawl. He then placed something with both his hands onto it and asked him to place it against his chest. Abū Hurayrah 1 Tirmidhî, Kitāb ad-Da 'wāt. Also Mustadrak of Hakim, vol. 1, p. 519. 2 Tabarānî, Bayhaqî and Ibn Abî Shaybah. 3 Ibn Mājah: as-Sunan, Bāb an-Nashirah. Also, Dalā'il of Abû Nu'aym, p. 167. 4 Narrated by Abû Dā'ûd, at-Tayālisî, Ahmad ibn Hambal, and Bukhārî in his Tārîkh.