Indexed OCR Text

1
The Life of Muhammad %
TABLE OF CONTENTS
The Conquest of Makkah
14
Abu Sufyan leaves Makkah in order to renew the peace
treaty.
19
The story of Hatib ibn Abī Balta'ah
21
The subject matter of Hatib's letter.
27
Departure from Madinah
28
Stopping over at Marr az-Zahran
34
Abū Sufyan embraces Islam
36
Entry into Makkah
40
Entering the Sacred Musjid
44
Rasulullah delivers a speech from the door of the
Ka'bah
45
The adhan is given at the door of the Ka'bah
47
Pledge of allegiance from men and women
51
Rasulullah's second speech
54
The matter concerning the return of the dwellings that
were left behind by the Muhajirun
55
Injunctions concerning certain criminals after the year of
amnesty
56
Abu Quhafah embraces Islam
68
Safwan ibn Umayyah embraces Islam
69
Suhayl ibn 'Amr embraces Islam
70
'Utbah and Mu'tab embrace Islam
72
Mu'āwiyah embraces Islam
72

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2
Small battalions are sent to destroy idols
73
'Uzza and Suwa' are destroyed
73
Manāt is destroyed
74
The Battle of Hunayn
76
The siege of Ta'if
83
The booty of Hunayn is distributed
85
'Umrah Ji'irranah
89
The prohibition of mut 'ah
90
Other incidents that took place in this year
90
Additional points
91
The appointment of governors
94
The 9th year of the emigration
95
The expedition of 'Uyaynah ibn Hisn Fazarī
96
The speech of 'Atarid ibn Hajib
97
The expedition of Walid ibn 'Uqbah ibn Abu Mu'īt ... 100
The expedition of 'Abdullah ibn 'Ausjah
102
The expedition of Qutbah ibn 'Amir.
102
The expedition of Dahhāk ibn Sufyan
103
The expedition of 'Alqamah ibn Mujazzaz Mudlaji .... 103
The expedition of 'Alī ibn Abi Talib
104
Ka'b ibn Zuhayr embraces Islam
106
The Battle of Tabuk
109
The meaning of the Hadith: "You are to me just as Harun
SE was to Mūsā Sel
112

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Musjid Dirār
119
Those who remained behind
121
Abu Bakr 4
es is appointed amir of hajj
125
Various incidents that took place in 9 A. H.
127
The 10th year A.H. - the year of delegations
129
1. The delegation of Hawazin
130
Rasūlullah's % reply.
132
2. The delegation of Thaqif
132
3. The delegation of Banū 'Amir ibn Sa'sa'ah
135
4. The delegation of 'Abd al-Qays
136
5. The delegation of Banu Hanifah - 9 A.H.
138
6. The delegation of Tayy
139
7. The delegation of Kindah
140
8. The delegation of Ash'arīyyin
140
9. The delegation of Azd
142
10. The delegation of Banu Harith
142
11. The delegation of Hamdan
143
12. The delegation of Muzaynah.
144
13. The delegation of Daus
145
14. The delegation comprising the Christians of Najran145
Mubāhalah
149
15. Farwah ibn 'Amr Judhāmī
153
16. Dimām ibn Tha'labah comes to Madinah
153

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17. The delegation of Tariq ibn 'Abdillah Muharibī and
the Banī Muharib
155
18. The delegation of Tujīb
156
19. The delegation of Hudhaym
158
20. The delegation of Banī Fazārah
159
21. The delegation of Bani Asd - 9 A.H.
159
22. The delegation of Bahra'
159
23. The delegation of 'Udhrah
160
24. The delegation of Balīyy
161
25. The delegation of Banī Murrah
161
26. The delegation of Khaulan
162
27. The delegation of Muharib
163
28. The delegation of Suda'
163
29. The delegation of Ghassan
164
30. The delegation of Salaman
164
31. The delegation of Banī 'Abas
164
32. The delegation of Ghamid
165
33. The delegation of Azd
165
34. The delegation of Banī al-Muntafiq
167
35. The delegation of Nakha'
167
Islam is taught in Yemen
168
Khalid ibn Walīd's expedition to Najran
168
'Ali's 4% expedition towards Yemen
171
Hajjatul Wada' - the Farewell Pilgrimage
172

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The sermon at Ghadir Khum
175
Return to Madinah
177
Jibra'īl &k) comes to Rasulullah
177
The military expedition of Usamah ibn Zayd
178
Preparation for the journey to the hereafter
180
Rasūlullah falls ill
182
Fatimah radiyallāhu 'anhā cries and smiles
184
The incident of Qirtās
185
Rasūlullah's % final sermon
188
Rasūlullah's % last salah with congregation
192
The day of Rasūlullah's % demise
195
Rasulullah % in the throes of death
197
The date of Rasūlullah's demise
199
The uneasiness of the Sahabah
200
Abu Bakr's 4% sermon
202
The remainder of Abu Bakr's 4% sermon
205
The Ansar gather at Saqīfah Banī Sa'idah
207
The burial arrangements.
211
The janāzah salāh
212
Burial
214
Additional points
215
2. The incident concerning Qirtās
217
3. Abu Bakr 4% is appointed imam for the salah
219
4. Removal of a misunderstanding.
222

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5. The period of Abu Bakr's 4% imamat
223
6. Date of Rasulullah's % demise.
223
7. Saqīfah Banī Sa'idah and the pledge of allegiance .. 226
The speech of Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah
227
Abu Bakr's 4% speech.
228
Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah's 4% acknowledgement
232
The general pledge after the special pledge
237
'Umar 4% delivers a speech before the general pledge. 238
Abu Bakr's 4% first speech after the general pledge ..... 239
'Ali's 4% pledge of allegiance
240
The pledge of Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah
246
Abu Bakr's 4% intention to give up the caliphate
247
An interesting incident
248
The matter concerning the appointment of a caliph
248
Why did Rasulullah % not appoint a caliph?
253
A concise explanation of the basis for the difference
between the Ahlus Sunnah and Shi'ah regarding the
caliphate
254
The assets of Rasulullah
257
The reality behind the orchard of Fidak
264
A misgiving and a reply to it
266
The inheritance of the Prophet %
273
Rasūlullāh % is alive in his grave
274
An objection and a reply to it
285

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The words of Maulana Muhammad Qasim Nanautwī
rahimahullah with regard to Rasūlullah's life in his
grave
289
The Pure Wives of Rasulullah
306
The number of Rasulullah's wives and the order in
which he married them
310
Umm al-Mu'minīn Khadījah radiyallāhu ‘anhā
310
Children
318
Demise
318
Virtues and merits
319
Umm al-Mu'minīn Saudah bint Zam'ah radiyallāhu 'anhā
320
Umm al-Mu'minīn 'Ā'ishah Siddīqah radiyallāhu 'anhā
323
Knowledge
326
Abstinence
326
Merits and virtues
328
Umm al-Mu'minīn Hafsah bint 'Umar radiyallāhu 'anhā
330
Umm al-Mu'minīn Zaynab bint Khuzaymah radiyallāhu
‘anhā
331
Umm al-Mu'minīn Umm Salamah bint Abī Umayyah
radiyallāhu 'anhā
332
Demise
334
Virtues and merits
335
Umm al-Mu'minîn Zaynab bint Jahsh radiyallāhu 'anhā
336

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Rasūlullah's % pure sight
342
An explanation of the verse: And you were concealing in
your heart something which Allah wants to reveal, and
you were fearing the people. Whereas you ought to fear
Allāh more"
343
Date of the marriage
344
Walīmah
345
Virtues and merits
346
Piety
347
Worship
349
Abstinence
350
Demise
351
The question of hijab
353
The advantages of hijab and the disadvantages of no hijab
356
Satan's conversation with Allah kg
357
Umm al-Mu'minīn Juwayriyah bint Harith radiyallāhu
‘anhā
362
Umm al-Mu'minin Umm Habībah bint Abī Sufyan
radiyallāhu 'anhā
363
Umm al-Mu'minīn Safīyyah bint Huyayy radiyallāhu
‘anhā
367
Umm al-Mu'minīn Maymūnah bint Harith radiyallāhu
‘anhā
371
Slave women
372
Polygamy
373
Why did Rasulullah enter into several marriages ?... 380

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Rasūlullah's children
382
Qasim
383
Zaynab radiyallāhu 'anhā
383
Ruqayyah radiyallāhu 'anhā
385
Umm Kulthūm radiyallāhu 'anhā
386
Fatimah radiyallāhu 'anhā.
387
Ibrāhīm
389
The blessed physical features of Rasūlullah
390
The seal of prophet-hood
390
Rasūlullah's # blessed beard
392
The clothing of Rasulullah
398
The clothing of Rasulullah was that of Ibrahim state and
Ismā'il k]
401
An overview of the matter concerning imitating the
unbelievers
403
The distinction among nations
410
The definition of tashabbuh
411
The order concerning tashabbuh bil kuffar.
412
The reason for the prohibition of tashabbuh bil kuffar 415
The harms of tashabbuh
419
The economic consequences of western dress
427
'Umar
warns the Muslims from emulating the
unbelievers
428
The definition of Islamic dress
434
The Miracles of Muhammad
436

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The number of miracles
439
The types of miracles
440
The intellectual miracles
441
The first intellectual miracle
441
The second intellectual miracle
441
The third intellectual miracle
442
The fourth intellectual miracle
444
The fifth intellectual miracle
445
The dawn of Islam
446
The sixth intellectual miracle
447
The seventh intellectual miracle
448
The perceptual miracles
448
The definition of a miracle
451
The intellectual and practical miracles
451
The Qur'an is the greatest miracle
451
The first reason for the miraculous-ness of the Qur'an 452
A reply to a misgiving
453
The second reason for the miraculous-ness of the Qur'an
456
The third reason for the miraculous-ness of the Qur'an456
The Hadith of Muhammad - another miracle
457
The 'ulama' of Islam - the third miracle
461
The fourth miracle.
463
The fifth miracle
464

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Predictions of past Prophets with regard to Rasulullah ... 465
Preliminary matters
467
First prediction
473
Second prediction
484
Third prediction.
489
Fourth prediction
492
Fifth prediction
494
Sixth prediction
497
Seventh prediction
507
Eighth prediction
509
Ninth prediction
511
Tenth prediction
512
Eleventh prediction
513
Twelfth prediction
513
Thirteenth prediction
514
Fourteenth prediction
514
Fifteenth Prediction
515
Sixteenth Prediction
523
Seventeenth Prediction
527
The dream of 'Atikah bint 'Abd al-Muttalib
529
Eighteenth Prediction
530
Nineteenth Prediction
531
Twentieth Prediction
533
A few misgivings of the Christians and a reply to them549

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First misgiving
549
Second misgiving
550
Third misgiving
550
Twenty second prediction
552
Twenty third prediction.
553
Twenty fourth and twenty fifth prediction
555
Future Predictions from the Qur'an and Hadith
557
The distinction of the predictions of Muhammad.
559
1. The preservation of the Qur'an
560
2. The miraculous nature of the Qur'an
560
3. Protection of Muhammad
561
4. The victory of Islam
561
The defeat of the Romans
562
6. The Rightly Guided Caliphs
563
7. The conquest of Khaybar
566
8. The conquest of Persia and Rome
566
9. The defeat of Arab tribes
567
10. The conquest of Makkah
567
11. Victory in the battle of Ahzab
568
12. The Jews will never hope for death
568
13. Instilling fear in the hearts of the unbelievers
569
14. Apostasy and putting an end to it.
570
15. The demise of Rasūlullah
570
Predictions that are mentioned in the Hadith
571

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Miracles of blessings
576
Acceptance of supplications
577
Curing the sick
579
Bringing the dead to life
581
The miracles of 'Îsa skal
585
The purpose of prophet-hood
588
The reason behind the deviation of the Christians
588
The three fundamental principles of religion
591
Tauhīd
591
Prophet-hood
592
The resurrection
592
The teaching of Islam
593
Khasā'is-e-Nabawī.
595

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The Life of Muhammad %
The Conquest of Makkah
Ramadan 8 A.H.
At the time when the peace treaty was signed at Hudaybiyah
between Rasūlullah % and the Quraysh, then in accordance
with the conditions that were written down, the different tribes
were given the choice of joining either of the two parties [to the
peace treaty]. Consequently, the Banū Bakr joined the Quraysh
while the Banu Khuza'ah joined Rasūlullah . Both these
tribes were at each other's throats since pre-Islamic times. The
reason for this was that Malik ibn 'Abbad Hadramī went into
the lands of the Banu Khuza'ah with his trading goods. The
Banū Khuzā'ah killed him and stole all his wealth and
possessions. When the Banu Bakr got the opportunity, they
killed a member of the Banū Khuza'ah tribe in exchange for the
Hadramī person. In exchange for this one person, the Banū
Khuzā'ah then killed three members of the Banū Bakr tribe.
The three were leaders by the names of Dhuwayb, Sulamī and
Kulthum. They were killed in the plains of 'Arafat, very close
to the boundaries of the Haram (the sanctified sanctuary of
Makkah).
This killing and counter killing continued from pre-Islamic
times till the advent of Islam. With the advent of Islam, it
stopped because the people were more occupied with Islamic
affairs.
On account of a limited peace treaty that was signed in
Hudaybiyah, the two groups now felt safe from each other and
fearless of each other. The Banu Bakr now found the
opportunity to give vent to their enmity. Naufal ibn Mu'āwiyah
from the Banu Bakr together with his friends attacked the

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Khuzā'ah. It was at night when members of the latter tribe had
stopped over at an oasis by the name of Watir and were
sleeping there.
Safwan ibn Umayyah, Shaybah ibn 'Uthman, Suhayl ibn 'Amr,
Huwatib ibn 'Abd al-'Uzza and Makraz ibn Hafs who were all
from the Quraysh secretly assisted the Banū Bakr. The
Khuza' ah fled and sought refuge in the Haram. However, they
too were not spared.
The Quraysh helped the Banu Bakr in every way possible.
They supplied them with weapons and men as well. People
from the Khuza'ah sought refuge in Makkah in the house of
Budayl ibn Warqa' Khuza'ī. However, the Banu Bakr and the
Quraysh leaders got into the houses, killed them and stole from
them. They continued in this thinking that Rasulullah % would
not know about all this. The next morning, the Quraysh
regretted their actions and realized that they went against the
peace treaty and that, through an error on their part, they broke
their promises which they made with Rasūlullah
紫 at
Hudaybiyah.
'Amr ibn Salim Khuza'ī went to Madinah with a delegation of
40 people and presented himself to Rasūlullah . The latter
was in the musjid at that time. 'Amr ibn Salim stood and
announced:
يا رب إني ناشد محمدا - حلف أبينا وأبيه الأتلدا
"O Sustainer! I have come to remind Muhammad [] of the old
agreement that was made between my father and his father,
'Abd al-Muttalib."
In pre-Islamic times, the Khuza'ah were the confederates of
'Abd al-Muttalib. So he is making reference to this fact that just
as we are your confederates [at present], our forefathers were
the confederates of your forefathers.

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Note: In some Traditions, the wording is slightly different:
instead of يا رب إني ناشد, the words اللهم إني ناشد are mentioned. In
some Traditions instead of يا رب the words لاَهُمَّ إني ناشد محمدا are
mentioned. The words Wy have the same meaning as sau. For
example, the following Tradition is related in the Sahih of
Imām Bukhārī:
لاَهُمَّ لَوْلاَ أَنْتَ مَا اهْتَدَيْنَا
"O Allah! Were it not for You, we would not have been
guided."
In his book, Sīratun Nabī, 'Allāmah Shiblī rahmatullahi 'alayh
has mistaken the word aby as asy and translated it accordingly.
He therefore translates this line as: "There is nothing to be
concerned about. I will remind Muhammad of that agreement."
This mistake is based on the letters being very similar.
['Amr ibn Salim continues]:
إن قريشا اخلفوك الموعدا - ونقضوا ميثاقك المؤكدا
"The Quraysh have certainly went against your agreement. And
they have broken your strong agreement and promise.
هم بيتونا بالوتير هجدا - وقتلونا ركعا سجدا
"They attacked us at the Watir oasis while we were asleep at
night. They killed us while we were bowing and prostrating [in
salah]." Some of them had become Muslims although this 'Amr
himself was not a Muslim.
وجعلوا لي في كداء رصدا - وزعموا أن لست أدعو أحدا

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The Life of Muhammad
"They placed some people to ambush us at the place called
Kida'. They assumed that I will not summon anyone to come to
my assistance.
وهم أذل وأقل عددا
"They are despicable and also very few in number."
ووالدا كنا وكنت الولدا - ثمت أسلمنا ولم ننزع يدا
"We are like a father and you are like our child." This is
because the mother of 'Abd Manaf was from the Khuza'ah
tribe. In like manner, the mother of Qusayy, Fatimah bint Sa'd,
was also from the Khuza'ah tribe. "Based on this relationship,
it is necessary for you to help and assist us. Apart from this, we
have always remained obedient and loyal to you. We never
disobeyed you at any time. It is therefore hoped that you will
help those who are loyal and faithful to you."
فانصر ايداك الله نصرا اعتدا - وادع عباد الله يأتوا مددا
"You should therefore help us immediately, Allah &# will help
you. Order the special servants of Allah [your Companions ]
so that they will certainly come to our assistance as well."
According to another narration, the following words were said:
فانصر رسول الله نصرا اعتدا
"O Messenger of Allah! Come to our immediate assistance."
فیھم رسول الله قد تجردا - إن سيم خسفا وجهه تربدا
"When the servants of Allah come to our assistance, the
Messenger of Allah should certainly be among them. He who is
prepared to fight the wrongdoers. In other words, do not suffice
with merely sending a group of fighters. Rather, he should
personally join the army. If the wrong doers try to disgrace you

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The Life of Muhammad
in any way, may your blessed face take on a glowing
expression out of self-honour."
According to another narration, the word # is used. Which
means, may your face show extreme anger.
في فيلق کالبحر یجري مزبدا
"Come with an army that moves like the waves of the sea."
All these details are given in the following books: Sharh
Ma 'ānī al-Āthār, Sīrah Ibn Hishām, Raud al-Anif, and Zurgānī
Sharh Mawahib. A few details are also given in Fath al-Barī.
The book, Maghazī Ibn 'A'idh, states on the authority of
'Abdullah ibn 'Umar 4% that after hearing all these incidents,
Rasūlullah % said: "You shall certainly be helped, O 'Amr ibn
Salim!" Another Tradition states that he said: "May I not be
helped if I do not come to your help." Rasulullah & then asked
him: "Were all the members of the Banu Bakr tribe involved in
this?" He replied: "No. It was only the Banu Nufathah and their
leader, Naufal." Rasulullah % promised to help and assist him.
This delegation then returned. Rasulullah % sent a delegate to
the Quraysh in Makkah and asked him to convey the following
message: "You may choose one of the following three options:
1. The blood money be paid for those who were killed
from the Banū Khuzā‘ah.
2. The Banu Nufathah be removed from the pact and
covenant.
3. Announce that the peace treaty of Hudaybiyah is now
cancelled.
1 Fath al-Bārî, vol. 7, p. 399.

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When the delegate conveyed this message, Qurtah ibn 'Amr
replied on behalf of the Quraysh: "We will not pay the blood
money to the Banū Khuza'ah, the Banū Nufathah will not be
removed from the pact, but we are prepared to cancel the treaty
of Hudaybiyah." However, when the delegate returned, the
Quraysh regretted this. They immediately sent Abu Sufyan to
Madinah in order to renew the treaty and to increase the period
of the treaty.1
Abu Sufyan leaves Makkah in order to renew the peace treaty
Abū Sufyan left Makkah and headed towards Madinah in order
to renew the peace treaty. Rasulullah
informed the
Companions that Abu Sufyan was coming from Makkah in
order to increase the period of the treaty and to further
strengthen it. Abu Sufyan left Makkah and when he reached a
place called 'Asfan, he met Budayl ibn Warqā' Khuzā'ī. Abū
Sufyan asked him as to where he was coming from. He replied
that he was coming from this nearby valley. On saying this,
Budayl continued towards Makkah. It was then that Abū
Sufyan thought that this Budayl is certainly returning from
Madinah. He therefore went to the spot where Budayl's camel
had been sitting. He broke the dung of the camel and saw date
seeds in it. On seeing this, he said: "By Allah! Budayl is
certainly coming from Madinah. These seeds are from the dates
of Madinah." On reaching Madinah, Abu Sufyan went straight
to the house of his daughter, Umm al-Mu'minin Umm Habībah
radiyallāhu 'anhā. He said to her: "O my daughter! You have
folded up the sitting mat. Do you consider the mat not worthy
of me or am I not worthy of it?" She replied: "This is the bed of
Rasūlullah . A polytheist who is impure and filthy with the
filth of polytheism cannot sit on it." Abu Sufyan shouted out
saying: "O my daughter! By Allah, you have fallen into evil in
1 Fath al-Bārî, vol. 8, p. 4.

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my absence." She replied: "Not into evil. Rather, I have come
out of the darkness of unbelief and went into the light and
guidance of Islam. I am surprised at you that despite being one
of the leaders of the Quraysh, you worship stones that can
neither hear nor see."
Abu Sufyan got up from there and went into the musjid. He
presented himself before Rasūlullah ¿ and said: "I have come
on behalf of the Quraysh in order to renew the peace treaty and
to increase the period of the treaty." Rasulullah % did not give
any reply. When he got no answer from him, he went to Abū
Bakr 4% and asked him to intercede on his behalf. He replied: "I
cannot do anything in this regard." He then went to 'Umar ibn
al-Khattab 4
and asked him to intercede on his behalf. 'Umar
4% replied: "Allah is the greatest! If I do not find a single person
in the entire world to join me, I am prepared to go out and wage
jihad all by myself." On hearing this, he went to 'Alī 4% who
was sitting with his wife, Fatimah radiyallāhu 'anhā and his
son, Hasan 4%. He addressed 'Alī > saying: "O father of
Hasan! You are the closest relative to me. I have come with an
urgent need. I cannot go back unsuccessful. You should
therefore intercede on my behalf before Rasulullah ." 'Alī
replied: "I swear by Allah that Rasulullah ¿ has already made a
decision in this regard. It is now impossible for anyone to say
anything." On hearing this, he addressed Fatimah radiyallahu
'anhā saying: "O daughter of Muhammad! If you order this
child [Hasan %] to announce that I have given refuge to the
Quraysh, he will forever be recognized as a leader of the
Arabs." She replied: "First of all, he is very young [giving
refuge is the responsibility of adults]. Secondly, who can give
refuge against the pleasure of Rasūlullah ?" Abu Sufyan
addressed 'Alī 4% saying: "The matter has become very serious.
Now show me a way out." He replied: "I cannot think of
anything except that if you think it beneficial and of help, you
may do it. Go into the musjid and announce: 'I have come to