Indexed OCR Text
Pages 181-200
الجزء ٧ سورة المائدة ٥ 167 Surah 5. Al-Mâ'idah Part 7 وَإِذْ عَلَّمْتُكَ الْكِتَبَ وَالِحِكْمَةَ وَالتَّوْرَنَ وَالْإِنِيلِّ وَإِذْتَخْلُقُ مِنَ الطِّينِ كَهَيْئَةِ الطَّيْرِ بِإِذْنِ فَتَنْفُخُ فِيهَا فَتَكُونُ طَيْرًا بِإِذْنِى وَتُبْرِئُ اُلْأَكْمَهَ وَالْأَبْرَصَ بِإِذْنِّ وَإِذْ تُخْرِجُ اَلْمَوْنَى بِإِذْنِى وَإِذْكَفَفْتُ بَنِىّ إِسْرَّهِ يلَ عَنكَ إِذْجِئْتَهُم بِالْبَيِّنَتِ فَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنْهُمْ إِنْ هَذَا إِلَّا سِحْرٌ مُبِينٌ 11. وَإِذْ أَوْحَيْتُ إِلَى الْحَوَارِبِِّنَ أَنْ ءَاِمِنُواْبِى وَبِرَسُولِى قَالُوَاْءَامَنَا وَأَشْهَدْ بِأَنَّنَا مُسْلِمُونَ إِذْقَالَ الْحَوَارِيُّونَ يَعِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ هَلْ يَسْتَطِيعُ رَبُّكَ أَنْ يُنَزِّلَ عَلَيْنَا مَآبِدَةٌ مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ قَالَ اتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ إِن كُنتُمْ مُؤْ مِنِينَ ( قَالُواْنُرِيدُ أَنْ تَأْكُلَ مِنْهَا وَتَطْمَيِنَّ قُلُوبُنَا وَنَعْلَمَ أَنْ قَدْ صَدَقْتَنَا وَنَكُونَ عَلَيْهَا مِنَ الشَّهِدِينَ قَالَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ اللَّهُوَّ رَبَّنَا أَنْزِلْ عَلَيْنَا مَآيِدَةً مِنَ السَّمَاءِتَكُونُ لَنَاعِيدًا لِّأَوَّلِنَا وَءَاخِرِنَا وَءَايَةٌ مِّنْكٌ وَأَرْزُقْنَا وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ الزَّزِقِينَ 118 you spoke to the people in the cradle[1] and in maturity; and when I taught you writing, Al-Hikmah (the power of understanding), the Taurât (Torah) and the Injeel (Gospel); and when you made out of the clay a figure like that of a bird, by My Permission, and you breathed into it, and it became a bird by My Permission, and you healed those born blind, and the lepers by My Permission, and when you brought forth the dead by My Permission; and when I restrained the Children of Israel from you (when they resolved to kill you) as you came unto them with clear proofs, and the disbelievers among them said: 'This is nothing but evident magic." 111. And when I (Allah) revealed to Al-Hawâriyyûn (the disciples) [of ‘Îsâ (Jesus)] to believe in Me and My Messenger, they said: "We believe. And bear witness that we are Muslims." 112. (Remember) when Al-Hawariyyûn (the disciples) said: "O 'Îsâ (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary)! Can your Lord send down to us a table spread (with food) from heaven?" 'Îsâ (Jesus) said: "Fear Allâh, if you are indeed believers." 113. They said: "We wish to eat thereof and to satisfy our hearts (to be stronger in Faith), and to know that you have indeed told us the truth and that we ourselves be its witnesses." 114. 'Îsâ (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary), said: "O Allâh, our Lord! Send us from the heaven a table spread (with food) that there may be for us - for the first and the last of us - a festival and a sign from You; and provide us with sustenance, for You are the Best of sustainers." (V. 5:110) See the footnote (V. 3:46). [1] سورة المائدة ٥ الجزء ٧ 168 Sûrah 5. Al-Mâ'idah Part 7 قَالَ اله ◌ِّ مُنَزِّلُهَا عَلَيْكُمْ فَمَن يَكْفُرْبَعُهُ مِنكُمْ فَإِّ أُعَذِّبُهُ عَذَابَا لََّ أُعَذِّبُهُ: أَحَدًّاً مِّنَ الْعَلَمِينَ 110 وَإِذْ قَالَ اَللَّهُ يَعِيسَى أَبْنَ مَرْيَمَ ءَأَنْتَ قُلْتَ لِلنَّاسِ أَتَّخِذُونِ وَأَتِّىَ إِلَهَبْنِ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ قَالَ سُبْحَنَكَ مَايَكُونُ لِىّ أَنْ أَقُولَ مَا لَيْسَ لِىِ بِحَقٍّ إِن كُنتُ قُلْتُهُ، فَقَدْ عَلِّمْتَهُ تَعْلَمُ مَا فِى نَفْسِى وَلَآَ أَعْلَمُ مَا فِى نَفْسِكَ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ عَلَّمُ الْغُيُوبِ 117 مَا قُلْتُ لَهُمْ إِلََّ مَا أَمَّرْتَنِ ◌ِ ◌َّأَنِ أَعْبُدُ واْاُللَّهَرَبِ وَرَبَّكُمْ وَكُنْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَهِيدًا مَّادُمْتُ فِيهِمٌ فَلَّا تَوَفَّْتَنِ كُنْتَ أَنْتَ الرَّقِبَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَنْتَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍشَهِيدٌ إِن تُعَذِّبُهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ عِبَادُكَّ وَإِن تَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ فَإِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ قَالَ اللهُ هَذَايَوْمُ يَنفَعُ الصَّدِقِينَ صِدْقُهُمَّ لَهُمْ جَنَّتٌ تَخْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَرُ خَلِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا رَضِىَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُواْ عَنْهَ ذَلِكَ الْفَوْزُالْعَظِيمُ ( 115. Allâh said: "I am going to send it down unto you, but if any of you after that disbelieves, then I will punish him with a torment such as I have not inflicted on anyone among (all) the 'Âlamîn (mankind and jinn)." 116. And (remember) when Allâh will say (on the Day of Resurrection): "O 'Îsâ (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary)! Did you say unto men: 'Worship me and my mother as two gods besides Allâh?' " He will say: "Glory be to You! It was not for me to say what I had no right (to say). Had I said such a thing, You would surely have known it. You know what is in my inner-self though I do not know what is in Yours; truly, You, only You, are the All-Knower of all that is hidden (and unseen). 117. "Never did I say to them aught except what You (Allâh) did command me to say: 'Worship Allâh, my Lord and your Lord.' And I was a witness over them while I dwelt amongst them, but when You took me up, You were the Watcher over them; and You are a Witness to all things. (This is a great admonition and warning to the Christians of the whole world). 118. "If You punish them, they are Your slaves, and if You forgive them, verily You, only You, are the All-Mighty, the All-Wise[1]." 119. Allâh will say: "This is a Day on which the truthful will profit from their truth: theirs are Gardens under which rivers flow (in Paradise) - they shall abide therein forever. Allâh is pleased with them and they with Him. That is the great success (Paradise). [1] (V. 5:118) Narrated Ibn 'Abbas رضى الله عنهما :The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "You will be gathered (on the Day of Resurrection) and some people will be driven (by the angels) to the left side (and taken to Hell) whereupon I will say as the pious slave ['Îsa (Jesus)] said: And I was a witness over them while I dwelt amongst them. ... the All-Mighty, the All-Wise." (V.5:117,118) (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Vol.6, Hadîth No. 150). سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ 169 Part 7 Surah 6. Al-An'âm لِلَّهِ مُلْكُ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَافِرٌ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّشَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ ١٢٠ 120. To Allâh belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and all that is therein, and He is Able to do all things. Sûrat Al-An'âm (The Cattle) VI In the Name of Allâh the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 1. All praises and thanks be to Allâh, Who (Alone) created the heavens and the earth, and originated the darkness and the light; yet those who disbelieve hold others as equal with their Lord. 2. He it is Who has created you from clay, and then has decreed a (stated) term (for you to die). And there is with Him another determined term (for you to be resurrected), yet you doubt (in the Resurrection). 3. And He is Allâh (to be worshipped Alone) in the heavens and on the earth; He knows what you conceal and what you reveal, and He knows what you earn (good or bad). (See V.43:84) 4. And never an Ayah (sign) comes to them from the Ayat (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) of their Lord, but that they have been turning away from it. 5. Indeed, they rejected the truth (the [1] (صلى الله عليه وسلم Qur'an and Muhammad when it came to them, but there will come to them the news of that (the torment) which they used to mock at. 6. Have they not seen how many a generation before them We have destroyed whom We had established on the earth such as We have not established you? And We poured out on them rain from the sky in سُورَةُ الأَنْعَهُمِ ـمِاللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحْمِ اْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِى خَلَقَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ وَجَعَلَ الظُّلْمَتِ وَالنُّورِ ثُمَّالَّذِينَ كَفَرُ واْبِرَيْهِمْ يَعْدِلُونَ هُوَ الَّذِى خَلَقَكُمْ مِّن طِينٍ ثُمَّ قَضَى أَجَلًاً وَأَجَلٌ ◌ُسَنَّ عِندَةٌ ثُمَّأَنتُمْ تَمْتَرُونَ وَهُوَ اَللَهُ فِ السَّمَوَتِ وَفِي الْأَرْضِّ يَعْلَمُ سِرَّكُمْ وَجَهْرَكُمْ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا تَكْسِبُونَ وَمَا تَأْنِهِم مِّنْءَايَةِمِنْ ءَايَتِ رَبِّهِمْإِلَّا كَانُواْ عَنْهَا مُعْرِضِينَ فَقَدَّكَّبُواْبِالْحَقِّ لَمَّاجَآءَ هُمّ فَسَوْفَ يَأْتِهِمْ أَنْبَوَّأَ مَا كَانُواْبِهِ، يَسْتَهْزِءُونَ أَمْ يَوْاْ كَمْ أَهْلَكْنَامِن قَبْلِهِم مِّن قَرْنٍ مَّكَّتَّهُمْ فِى اُلْأَرْضِ مَالَمْ تُمَكِن لَّكُرْ وَأَرْسَلْنَا السَّمَآءَ عَلَيْهِم مِّدْرَارًا وَجَعَلْنَا اُلْأَنْهَرَ تَجْرِى مِن ◌َّحْنِهِمْ [1] (V. 6:5) See the footnote of (V.3:85) and also see (V.3:116). سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ Surah 6. Al-An'âm Part 7 170 abundance, and made the rivers flow under them. Yet We destroyed them for their sins, and We created after them other generations. 7. And even if We had sent down unto you (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) a Message written on paper so that they could touch it with their hands, the disbelievers would have said: "This is nothing but obvious magic!" 8. And they say: "Why has not an angel been sent down to him?" Had We sent down an angel, the matter would have been judged at once, and no respite would be granted to them. 9. And had We appointed him an angel, We indeed would have made him a man, and We would have certainly confused them in which they are already confused (i.e. the صلى الله عليه Message of Prophet Muhammad .(وسلم 10. And indeed (many) Messengers before you were mocked at, but their scoffers were surrounded by the very thing that they used to mock at. :(صلى الله عليه وسلم Say (O Muhammad .11 "Travel in the land and see what was the end of those who rejected truth." :(صلى الله عليه وسلم Say (O Muhammad .12 "To whom belongs all that is in the heavens and the earth?" Say: "To Allah. He has prescribed Mercy for Himself. Indeed He فَأَهْلَكْنَهُمْ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ وَأَنْشَأْنَا مِنْ بَعْدِ هِمْ قَرْنًا ءَاخَرِينَ وَلَوْنَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْكَ كِنَبًا فِ قِرْطَاسِ فَلَمَسُوهُ بِأَيْدِهِمْ لَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوْ إِنْ هَذَا إِلَّا سِحْرٌ مُّبِينٌ V وَقَالُواْلَوْلَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ مَكٌ وَلَوْأَنزَلْنَا مَلَكَالَّقُفِىَ اُلْأَمْرُ نُمَّ لَا يُنْظَرُونَ A وَلَوْ جَعَلْنَهُ مَلَكًّا لَّجَعَلْنَهُ رَجُلًا وَلَلَبَسْنَا عَلَيْهِم مَا يَلْبِسُونَ وَلَقَدِ اُسْنُهْزِئَ بِرُسُلٍ مِن قَبْلِكَ فَحَاقَ بِالَّذِينَ سَخِرُواْ مِنْهُمْ مَاكَانُواْبِهِ، يَسْنَهْزِءُ ونَ 1. قُلْ سِيرُواْ فِى الْأَرْضِ ثُمَّ أَنْظُرُ واْكَيْفَ كَانَ عَقِبَةُ الْمُكَذِبِينَ قُل لِّمَن مَا فِ السَّمَوَتِ وَالْأَرْضِّ قُل لِلَّهِ كَنَبَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ الرَّحْمَةً لَيَجْمَعَنَّكُمْ [1] (V.6:12) A) Narrated Abu Hurairah رضى الله عنه:I heard Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم saying, "Allah has divided Mercy into one hundred parts, and He kept ninety-nine parts with Him and sent down one part to the earth, and because of that one single part, His creatures are merciful to each other, so that even the mare lifts up its hoof away from its baby animal, lest it should trample on it." (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Vol.8, Hadîth No.29). B) Narrated Abu Hurairah رضى الله عنه :Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "When Allah completed the creation, He wrote in His Book which is with Him on His Throne: 'Verily, My Mercy has overcome My Anger.' " (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Vol.4, Hadîth No.416). سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ Part 7 171 Sûrah 6. Al-An'âm will gather you together on the Day of Resurrection, about which there is no doubt. Those who have lost themselves will not believe [in Allâh as being the only Ilâh (God), and Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم as being one of His Messengers, and in Resurrection]. 13. And to Him belongs whatsoever exists in the night and the day, and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing." :(صلى الله عليه وسلم Say (O Muhammad .14 "Shall I take as a Walî (Helper, Protector, Lord or God) any other than Allah, the Creator of the heavens and the earth? And it is He Who feeds but is not fed." Say: "Verily, I am commanded to be the first of those who submit themselves to Allâh (as Muslims)." And be not you (O Muhammad ,of the Mushrikun [polytheists (صلى الله عليه وسلم pagans, idolaters and disbelievers in the Oneness of Allâh]. (Tafsir Al-Qurtubi) 15. Say: "I fear, if I disobey my Lord, the torment of a Mighty Day." 16. He who is averted from (such a torment) on that Day, (Allâh) has surely been Merciful to him. And that would be the obvious success. 17. And if Allâh touches you with harm, none can remove it but He, and if He touches you with good, then He is Able to do all things. 18. And He is the Irresistible, (Supreme) above His slaves, and He is the All-Wise, Well-Acquainted with all things. :(صلى الله عليه وسلم Say (O Muhammad .19 "What thing is the most great in witness?" Say: "Allâh (the Most Great!) is Witness between me and you; this Qur'ân has been revealed to me that I may therewith warn you and whomsoever it may reach. Can you verily bear witness that besides Allâh there are other âlihah (gods)?" Say: "I bear no إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَمَةِ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُواْ أَنْفُسَهُمْ فَهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ وَلَهُ, مَاسَكَنَ فِى الَّْلِ وَالنَّهَارِوَهُوَالسَّمِيعُ اُلْعَلِيمُ قُلْ أَغَيْرِ اللَّهِ أَتَّخِذُ وَلِيًّا فَاطِ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَهُوَيُطْعِمُ وَلَا يُطْعَمُّ قُلْ إِّ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ أَسْلَّ وَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قُلْ إِنَّ أَخَافُ إِنْ عَصَيْتُ رَبِ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ (٥) مَن يُصْرَفْ عَنْهُ يَوْمَبِذٍ فَقَدْ رَحِمَةٌ، وَذَلِكَ اَلْفَوْزُ الْمُبِينُ 17 وَإِن يَمْسَسْكَ اللَّهُ بِضُرٍ فَلَ كَاشِفَ لَهُ: إِلَّا هُوٍّوَ إِن يَمْسَسْكَ بِخَيْرِ فَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ وَهُوَ اُلْقَاهِرُ فَوْقَ عِبَادِهِ، وَهُوَ الْحَكِيمُ الْخَبِيرُ ١٨ قُلْ أَىُّ شَىْءٍ أَكْبُ شَدَّةٌ قُلِ الَّه شَهِدٌ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكُمّ وَأُوْحِىَ إِلَّ هَذَا الْقُرْءَانُ لِأُنْذِرَّكُمْ بِهِ، وَمَنْ ◌َغُّ أَبِنَّكُمْ لَتَشْهَدُونَ أَنَّ مَعَ اللَّهِءَالِهَةَ أُخْرَى قُل لَّ أَشْهَدُ قُلْ إِنَّمَا هُوَ إِلَهٌ وَحِدٌ وَإِنَِّ بَرِىٌّ مِمَ تُشْرِكُونَ 19 الجزء ٧ سورة الأنعام ٦ Part 7 172 Surah 6. Al-An'âm (such) witness!" Say: "But in truth He (Allâh) is the only one Ilâh (God). And truly I am innocent of what you join in worship with Him." 20. Those to whom We have given the Scripture (Jews and Christians) recognize him (i.e. Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم as a Messanger of Allâh, and they also know that there is no Ilâh (God) but Allâh and Islâm is Allâh's religion), as they recognize their own sons. Those who have lost (destroyed) themselves will not believe." (Tafsir At-Tabarî) 21. And who does more aggression and wrong than he who invents a lie against Allâh or rejects His Ayât (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons or revelations)? Verily, the Zâlimun (polytheists and wrong-doers) shall never be successful. 22. And on the Day when We shall gather them all together, then We shall say to those who joined partners (in worship with Us): "Where are your partners (false deities) whom you used to assert (as partners in worship with Allâh)?" 23. There will then be (left) no Fitnah (excuses or statements or arguments) for them but to say: "By Allâh, our Lord, we were not those who joined others in worship with Allâh." 24. Look! How they lie against themselves! But the (lie) which they invented will disappear from them. 25. And of them there are some who listen to you; but We have set veils on their hearts, so they understand it not, and deafness in their ears; and even if they see every one of the Ayât (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) they اُلَّذِينَءَاتَيْنَهُمُ الْكِتَبَ يَعْرِفُونَهُ،كَمَا يَعْرِفُونَ أَبْنَآءَ هُمُّ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُواْ أَنْفُسَهُمْ فَهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَنِ افْتَرَى عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا أَوَكَذَّبَ ◌َِايَتِهِ بِإِنَّهُ لَا يُفْلِحُ الظَّالِمُونَ وَيَوْمَ نَحْشُرُهُمْ جَمِيعًا ثُمَ نَقُولُ لِلَّذِينَ أَشْرَّكُواْأَيْنَ شُرَكَاؤُكُمُ الَّذِينَ كُنُّمْ تَزْعُمُونَ ثُمَّلَوْتَكُنْ فِتْنَفُهُمْ إِلَّ أَنْ قَالُواْ وَاللَّهِ رَبِّنَا مَاكُنَاً مُشْرِكِينَ ٢٣ أَنْظُرْ كَيْفَ كَذَّبُواْ عَلَىَ أَنْفُسِهِمّ وَضَلَّ عَنْهُم مَّا كَانُواْ يَفْتَّرُونَ () وَمِنْهُمْ مَّن يَسْتَجِعُ إِلَيْكٌ وَجَعَلْنَا عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ أَكِنَّةً أَنْ يَفْقَهُوهُ وَفِيَ ءَاذَانِهِمْ وَقْرَأْ وَإِن يَرَوْاُكُلَّ مَايَتِ لَّا يُؤْمِنُواْبِهِاْ حَّى إِذَا جَاءُ وَ يُحَدِلُونَكَ يَقُولُ الَّذِينَ [1] (V.6:20) See the footnote of (V.3:85). سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ Surah 6. Al-An'âm Part 7 173 will not believe therein; to the point that when they come to you to argue with you, the disbelievers say: "These are nothing but tales of the men of old." 26. And they prevent others from him صلى اللّه from following Prophet Muhammad) and they themselves keep away from (عليه وسلم him, and (by doing so) they destroy not but their ownselves, yet they perceive (it) not. 27. If you could but see when they will be held over the (Hell) Fire! They will say: "Would that we were but sent back (to the world)! Then we would not deny the Ayat (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, revelations, etc.) of our Lord, and we would be of the believers!" 28. Nay, it has become manifest to them what they had been concealing before. But if they were returned (to the world), they would certainly revert to that which they were forbidden. And indeed they are liars. 29. And they said: "There is no (other life) but our (present) life of this world, and never shall we be resurrected (on the Day of Resurrection)." 30. If you could but see when they will be held (brought and made to stand) in front of their Lord! He will say: "Is not this (Resurrection and the taking of the accounts) the truth?" They will say: "Yes, by our Lord!" He will then say: "So taste you the torment because you used not to believe." 31. They indeed are losers who denied their Meeting with Allâh,11 until all of a sudden, the Hour (signs of death) is on them, and they say: "Alas for us that we كَفَرُوْإِنْ هَذَآ إِلَّ أَسَطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ ٢٥ وَهُمْ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ وَيَنْقَوْنَ عَنَّةٌ وَإِنِ يُهْلِكُونَ إِلَّ أَنفُسَهُمْ وَمَا يَشْعُرُونَ وَلَوْتَرَّإِذْ وُقِفُواْ عَلَى النَّارِ فَقَالُواْيَلَيْنَنَا نُرَةُ وَلَا تُكَذِّبَ بِثَايَتِ رَبِّنَا وَنَّكُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِينَ ٢٧ بَلْ بَدَا لَهُ مَّا كَانُواْ يُخْفُونَ مِن قَبْلٌ وَلَوْرُدُواْ لَعَادُواْ لِمَا ◌ُهُواعَنْهُ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَكَذِبُونَ وَقَالُواْإِنْ هِىَ إِلَّ حَيَا تُنَا الدُّنْيَا وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمَبْعُوثِينَ وَلَوْتَرَّ إِذْ وُقِفُواْعَلَى رَبِهِمْ قَالَ أَلَيْسَ هَذَا بِالْحَقّ قَالُواْبَلَى وَرَبِنَّأَقَالَ فَذُوقُواْالْعَذَابَ بِمَاكُنتُمْ تَكْفُرُونَ قَدْ خَسِرَ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِلِقَآءِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى إِذَا جَآءَ تُهُمُ السَّاعَةُ بَغْتَةً قَالُواْ يَحَسْرَنَنَا عَلَى مَافَرَّطْنَافِيهَا [1] (V.6:31) Narrated Abu Musa: رضى الله عنه The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "Whoever loves the Meeting with Allah, Allah too loves the Meeting with him; and whoever hates the Meeting with Allâh, Allah too hates the Meeting with him." (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Vol.8, Hadîth No. 515). سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ Surah 6. Al-An'âm Part 7 174 gave no thought to it," while they will bear their burdens on their backs; and evil indeed are the burdens that they will bear! 32. And the life of this world is nothing but play and amusement. But far better is the house in the Hereafter for those who are Al-Muttaqun (the pious - See V.2:2). Will you not then understand? 33. We know indeed the grief which their words cause you (O Muhammad . it is not you that they deny, but it :(الله عليه وسلم is the Verses (the Qur'an) of Allâh that the Zâlimûn (polytheists and wrong-doers) deny. 34. Verily, (many) Messengers were صلى الله عليه denied before you (O Muhammad ,), but with patience they bore the denial, and they were hurt; till Our Help reached them, and none can alter the Words (Decisions) of Allâh. Surely there has reached you the information (news) about the Messengers (before you). 35. If their aversion (from you, O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم and from that with which you have been sent) is hard on you, (and you cannot be patient of their harm to you), then if you were able to seek a tunnel in the earth or a ladder to the sky, so that you may bring them a sign (and you cannot do it, so be patient). And had Allâh willed, He could have gathered them together (all) on true guidance, so be not you one of those who are Al-Jahilun (the ignorant). 36. It is only those who listen (to the Message of Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم), will respond (benefit from it), but as for the dead (i.e. disbelievers), Allâh will raise them up, then to Him they will be returned (for their recompense). 37. And they said: "Why is not a sign sent down to him from his Lord?" Say: وَهُمْ يَحْمِلُونَ أَوْزَارَهُمْ عَلَى ظُهُورِهِمَّ أَلَاسَآءَ مَايَزِرُونَ وَمَا الْحَيَوَةُ الذُّنْيَا إِلَّا لَعِبٌ وَلَهُوَّ وَلَكَذَّارُ اُلْآَخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لِلَّذِينَ يَنَّقُونُّ أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ ٣٢ قَدْ نَعْلَمُ إِنَّهُ لَيَحْزُنُكَ الَّذِى يَقُولُونِّ فَإنَهُمْ لَا يُكَذِّبُونَكَ وَلَكِنَّ الَّلِينَ بِئَايَتِ اُللَّهِ يَجْحَدُونَ وَلَقَدْكُذِّبَتْ رُسُلٌ مِّن قَبْلِكَ فَصَبَرُواْ عَلَى مَا كُذِّبُواْ وَأُوذُواْ حَتََّ أَنَهُمْنَصْرُنَاً وَلَا مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِمَتِ اللَّهِ وَلَقَدْ جَاءَكَ مِن تَبَإِئى اُلْمُرْسَلِينَ ٣٤ وَإِن كَانَ كَبُرَ عَلَيْكَ إِعَرَاضُهُمْ فَإِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ تَبْتَغِىَ نَفَقًّا فِى الْأَرْضِ أَوْ سُلَّمَا فِى السَّمَآءِ فَتَأْتِيَهُمْ بِشَايَّةٍ وَلَوْشَآءَ اللَّهُ لَجَمَعَهُمْ عَلَى اُلْهُدَىّ فَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْجَاهِلِينَ ٣٥ إِنَّمَا يَسْتَجِيبُ الَّذِينَ يَسْمَعُونُ وَالْمَوْنَى يَبْعَنُهُمُ اللّهُثُمَّ إِلَيْهِ يُرْجَعُونَ وَقَالُواْ لَوْلَا نُزِلَ عَلَيْهِ ءَايَّةٌ مِّن رَّبِّهِ، قُلْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَادِرُ سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ 175 Part 7 Sûrah 6. Al-An'âm عَلَى أَنْ يُنَزِّلَ ءَايَةً وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ وَمَا مِن دَآبَةٍ فِ اُلْأَرْضِ وَلَاَ طَِّ بَطِيُ بِجَنَاحَيْهِ إِلَّا أُمُّ أَمْثَالُكُمْمَافَرَّطْنَا فِ اُلْكِتَبِ مِنْ شَىْءٍ ثُمَّ إِلَى رَبِهِمْ يُحْشَرُونَ ٣٨ وَالَذِينَ كَذَّبُواْبِثَايَئِنَاصٌُ وَبُكُمْ فِ الظُّلُمَتِ مَن يَشَاِ اللَّهُ يُضْلِلّهُ وَمَن يَشَأَ يَجْعَلْهُ عَلَى صِرَاطٍ تُسْتَقِيمٍ قُلْ أَرَءَيْتَكُمْ إِنْ أَتَنَّكُمْ عَذَابُ الَّهِ أَوْأَتَنَّكُمُ السَاعَةُ أَغَيْرَ اَللَّهِ تَدْعُونَ إِن كُنتُمْ صَدِقِينَ بَلْ إِيَّاهُ تَدْعُونَ فَيَكْشِفُ مَا تَدْعُونَ إِلَيْهِ إِن شَآءَ وَتَنسَوْنَ مَا تُشْرِكُونَ وَلَقَدْ أَرْ سَلْنَا إِلَىَ أُمَمِ مِن قَبْلِكَ فَأَخَذْنَهُم بِالْبَأْسَآءِ وَالضَّرَآءِ لَعَلَّهُمْبَضَرَّعُونَ فَلَوْلَا إِذْجَآءَ هُمْ بَأْسُنَا تَضَرَّعُواْ وَلَكِنْ قَسَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَزَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطَنُ مَا كَانُواْ يَعْمَلُونَ فَلَمَا نَسُواْمَاذُكِّرُوا بِهِ، فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَبْوَبَ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ حَتَّى إِذَا فَرِ حُواْبِمَا أُوتُواْ "Allâh is certainly Able to send down a sign, but most of them know not." 38. There is not a moving (living) creature on earth, nor a bird that flies with its two wings, but are communities like you. We have neglected nothing in the Book, then unto their Lord they (all) shall be gathered. 39. Those who reject Our Ayât (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) are deaf and dumb in the darkness. Allâh sends astray whom He wills and He guides on the Straight Path whom He wills. : (صلى الله عليه وسلم Say (O Muhammad .40 "Tell me if Allah's Torment comes upon you, or the Hour comes upon you, would you then call upon any one other than Allâh? (Reply) if you are truthful!" 41. Nay! To Him Alone you would call, and, if He wills, He would remove that (distress) for which you call upon Him, and you would forget at that time whatever partners you joined (with Him in worship)! 42. Verily, We sent (Messengers) to many nations before you (O Muhammad And We seized them with .(صلى الله عليه وسلم extreme poverty (or loss in wealth) and loss in health (with calamities) so that they might humble themselves (believe with humility). 43. When Our Torment reached them, why then did they not humble themselves (believe with humility)? But their hearts became hardened, and Shaitân (Satan) made fair- seeming to them that which they used to do. 44. So, when they forgot (the warning) with which they had been reminded, We opened for them the gates of every (pleasant) thing, until in the midst of their enjoyment in that which they were given, all of a sudden, We took them (in punishment), سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ Part 7 176 Surah 6. Al-An'âm أَخَذْنَهُمْ بَغْتَةً فَإِذَاهُمْ تُبْلِسُونَ فَقُطِعَ دَابِرُ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ وَاْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَلَمِينَ LO قُلْ أَرَءَيْتُمْ إِنْ أَخَذَ اللَّهُ سَمْعَّكُمْ وَأَبْصَرَّكُمْ وَخَمَ عَلَى قُلُوبِكُمْ مَنْ إِلَهُ غَيْرُ اللهِيَأْتِيكُم ◌ِهِ أَنْظُرْ كَيْفَ نُصَرِّفُ اُلْآَيَتِ ثُمَّهُمْ يَصْدِفُونَ قُلْ أَرَءَيْتَكُمْ إِنْ أَنَنَّكُمْ عَذَابُ اللَّهِ بَغْتَةً أَوْ جَهْرَةً هَلْ يُهْلَكُ إِلَّا الْقَوْمُ الظَّالِمُونَ ٤٧ وَمَا تُرْسِلُ الْمُرْسَلِينَ إِلَّ مُبَشِّرِينَ وَمُنذِرِينٌّ فَمَنْ ءَامَنَ وَأَصْلَحَ فَلَخَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَاهُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ وَالَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِثَايَتِنَا يَمَسُّهُمُ الْعَذَابُ بِمَا كَانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ قُل لَّآ أَقُولُ لَكُمْ عِندِى خَزَائِنُ اللَّهِ وَلَا أَعْلَمُ اُلْغَيْبَ وَلَا أَقُولُ لَكُمْ إِنِّى مَلَكُ إِنْ أَتَّبِعُ إِلََّ مَا يُوحَىَّ إِلَىَّ قُلْ هَلْ يَسْتَوِى الْأَعْمَى وَاَلْبَصِيرُ أَفَلَا تَنَفَكَّرُونَ and lo! They were plunged into destruction with deep regrets and sorrows. 45. So the root of the people who did wrong was cut off. And all the praises and thanks are to Allah, the Lord of the 'Âlamîn (mankind, jinn, and all that exists). 46. Say (to the disbelievers): "Tell me, if Allâh took away your hearing and your sight, and sealed up your hearts, who is there - an ilâh (a god) other than Allâh who could restore them to you?" See how variously We explain the Ayât (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.), yet they turn aside. 47 Say: "Tell me, if the punishment of Allâh comes to you suddenly (during the night), or openly (during the day), will any be destroyed except the Zâlimun (polytheists and wrong-doing people)?" 48 And We send not the Messengers but as givers of glad tidings and as warners. So whosoever believes and does righteous good deeds, upon such shall come no fear, nor shall they grieve. 49. But those who reject Our Ayât (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.), the torment will touch them for their disbelief 1 (and for their belying the Message of Muhammad .[Tafsir Al-Qurtubi]. (صلى الله عليه وسلم آ" :(صلى الله عليه وسلم Say (O Muhammad .50 don't tell you that with me are the treasures of Allâh, nor (that) I know the Unseen; nor I tell you that I am an angel. I but follow what is revealed to me." Say: "Are the blind and the one who sees equal? Will you not then take thought?" (V.6:49) See the footnote of (V.3:85). [1] سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ Part 7 177 Surah 6. Al-An'âm 51. And warn therewith (the Qur'an) those who fear that they will be gathered before their Lord, when there will be neither a protector nor an intercessor for them besides Him, so that they may fear Allâh and keep their duty to Him (by abstaining from committing sins and by doing all kinds of good deeds which He has ordained). 52. And turn not away those who invoke their Lord, morning and afternoon seeking His Face. You are accountable for them in nothing, and they are accountable for you in nothing, that you may turn them away, and thus become of the Zâlimun (unjust). 53. Thus We have tried some of them with others, that they might say: "Is it these (poor believers) whom Allâh has favoured from amongst us?" Does not Allâh know best those who are grateful? 54. When those who believe in Our Ayât (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) come to you, say: "Salâmun 'Alaikum" (peace be on you); your Lord has written (prescribed) Mercy for Himself, so that if any of you does evil in ignorance, and thereafter repents and does righteous good deeds (by obeying Allâh), then surely, He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. 55. And thus do We explain the Ayât (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) in detail, that the way of the Mujrimûn (criminals, polytheists, sinners) may become manifest. آ" :(صلى الله عليه وسلم Say (O Muhammad .56 have been forbidden to worship those whom you invoke (worship) besides Allâh." Say: "I will not follow your vain desires. If I did, I would go astray, and I would not be one of the rightly guided." 57. Say (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم): "I am on clear proof from my Lord (Islamic Monotheism), but you deny it (the truth that وَأَنْذِرْبِهِ الَّذِينَ يَخَافُونَ أَن يُحْشَرُوا إِلَى رَبِّهِمٌ لَيْسَ لَهُم مِّن دُونِهِ، وَلِىٌّ وَلَا شَفِيْعٌ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَنَّقُونَ ٥١ وَلَا تَظِرُدِالَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُم بِالْغَدَوْةِ وَالْعَشِّ يُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَةٌ مَا عَلَيْكَ مِنْ حِسَابِهِم مِّن شَىْءٍ وَمَا مِنْ حِسَائِكَ عَلَيْهِم مِّنْ شَىْءٍ فَتَظِرُدَهُمْ فَتَكُونَ مِنَ الَّالِمِينَ of وَكَذَلِكَ فَتَنَّا بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضِ لِيَقُولُواْ أَهَؤُلَاءِ مَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِّنْ يَبْنِنٌَّ أَلَيْسَ اَللّهُ بِأَعْلَمَ بِالشَّكِرِينَ or وَإِذَا جَآءَكَ الَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِثَايَتِنَافَقُلْ سَلَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ كَتَبَ رَبُّكُمْ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ الرَّحْمَةٌ أَنَّهُمَنْ عَمِلَ مِنكُمْ سُوءً ابِجَهَلَةٍ ثُمَّتَابَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ، وَأَصْلَحَ فَأَنَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ( وَكَذَلِكَ نُفَصِّلُ اَلَيَتِ وَلِتَسْتَبِينَ سَبِيلُ اُلْمُجْرِمِينَ 00 قُلْ إِنِى ◌ُّهِيتُ أَنْ أَعْبُدَ الَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّقُلِلَّا أَنَّعُ أَهْوَاءَ كُمُّ قَدْ ضَلَلْتُ إِذَا وَمَآ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُهْتَدِينَ قُلْ إِّى عَلَى بَيِّنَةٍمِّنرَّبِ وَكَذَّبْتُرپِهِ، سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ Part 7 178 Surah 6. Al-An'âm has come to me from Allâh). I have not gotten what you are asking for impatiently (the torment). The decision is only for Allâh, He declares the truth, and He is the Best of judges." 58. Say: "If I had that which you are asking for impatiently (the torment), the matter would have been settled at once between me and you, but Allâh knows best the Zâlimûn (polytheists and wrong-doer)." 59. And with Him are the keys of the Ghaib (all that is hidden), none knows them but He. And He knows whatever there is in the land and in the sea; not a leaf falls, but he knows it. There is not a grain in the darkness of the earth nor anything fresh or dry, but is written in a Clear Record. 60. It is He Who takes your souls by night (when you are asleep), and has knowledge of all that you have done by day, then He raises (wakes) you up again that a term appointed (your life period) be fulfilled, then (in the end) unto Him will be your return. Then He will inform you of that which you used to do. 61. He is the Irresistible, (Supreme) over His slaves, and He sends guardians (angels guarding and writing all of one's good and bad deeds) over you, " until when death مَا عِندِى مَا تَسْتَعِْلُونَ بٍِّإِنِ الْحُكْمُ إِلَّا لِلَِّيَقُضُ الْحَقِّ وَهُوَ خَيْرُ الْفَصِلِينَ OV قُل لَّوْأَنَّ عِندِى مَا تَسْتَعْجِلُونَ بِهِ، لَقُضِىَ اُلْأَمْرُ بَيْنِ وَبَيْنَكُمْ وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِالظَّالِمِينَ OA وَعِندَهُمَفَاتِحُ الْغَيْبِ لَا يَعْلَمُهَا إِلَّاهُوَّ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِى الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِّ وَمَا تَسْقُطُ مِن وَرَقَةٍ إِلَّا يَعْلَمُهَا وَلَا حَبَّةٍ فِي ظُلُمَتِ الْأَرْضِ وَلَرَطْبٍ وَلَا يَابِسٍ إِلَّافِكِنَبِ مُّبِينٍ 09 وَهُوَ الَّذِى يَتَوَفَّكُمْ بِالَّيْلِ وَيَعْلَمُ مَاجَرَحْتُم بِالنََّارِثُمَّ يَبْعَثُكُمْ فِيهِ لِيُقْضَىّ أَجَلٌ مُسَمَّى ثُمَّ إِلَيْهِ مَرْ جِعُكُمْ ثُمَ يُنَبِّئُكُمْ 7 . بِمَاكُنُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ وَهُوَ أَلْقَاهِرُ فَوْقَ عِبَادِهِ، وَيُرْسِلُ عَلَيْكُمْ حَفَظَةٌ حََّ إِذَاجَآءَ أَحَدَكُمُ الْمَوْثُ تَوَقَّتْهُ رُسُلُنَاوَهُمْ [1] (V.6:61): a) Whoever intended to do a good deed or a bad deed. عز وجل narrating about his Lord صلى الله عليه وسلم The Prophet: رضى الله عنهما Narrated Ibn 'Abbas said, "Allâh ordered (the appointed angels over you) that the good and the bad deeds be written, and He then showed (the way) how (to write). If somebody intends to do a good deed and he does not do it, then Allah will write for him a full good deed (in his account with Him); and if he intends to do a good deed and actually did it, then Allâh will write for him (in his account) with Him (its reward equal) from ten to seven hundred times, to many more times: and if somebody intended to do a bad deed and he does not do it, then Allah will write a full good deed (in his account) with Him, and if he intended to do it (a bad deed) and actually did it, then Allah will write one bad deed (in his account)." (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Vol. 8, Hadîth No.498). b) Narrated Abu Hurairah رضى الله عنه :The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "Angels come (to you) in succession by night and day, and all of them get together at the time of Fajr and 'Asr prayers. Then those who have stayed with you overnight, ascend unto Allâh Who asks سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ 179 Part 7 Surah 6. Al-An'âm approaches one of you, Our Messengers (angel of death and his assistants) take his soul, and they never neglect their duty. 62. Then they are returned to Allâh, their True Maulâ [True Master (God), the Just Lord (to reward them)]. Surely, for Him is the judgement and He is the Swiftest in taking account. :(صلى الله عليه وسلم Say (O Muhammad .63 "Who rescues you from the darkness of the land and the sea (dangers like storms), (when) you call upon Him in humility and in secret (saying): If He (Allâh) only saves us from this (danger), we shall truly be grateful." :(صلى الله عليه وسلم Say (O Muhammad .64 "Allâh rescues you from this and from all (other) distresses, and yet you worship others besides Allâh." 65. Say: "He has power to send torment on you from above or from under your feet, or to cover you with confusion in party strife, and make you to taste the violence of one another." See how variously We explain the Ayât (proofs, evidences, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.), so that they may understand. 66. But your people (O Muhammad L. (have denied it (the Qur'an (اللّه عليه وسلم though it is the truth. Say: "I am not a Wakil (guardian) over you." 67. For every news there is a reality(1) and you will come to know. لَا يُفَرّطُونَ ثُمَّ رُدَُّا إِلَى الَّهِ مَوْلَئُهُمُ الْحَقِّ أَلَا لَهُ الْحُكْمُ وَهُوَ أَسْرَعُ الْحَسِبِينَ قُلْ مَن يُنَجِّيَكُمْ مِّن ظُلُمَتِ الْبَرِّوَالْبَحْرِتَّدْعُونَهُ. تَضَرُّعًا وَخُفْيَةً لَّيِنْ أَنَجَنَا مِنْ هَذِهِ، لَتَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الشَّذِكِينَ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُتَحِيكُمْ مِنْهَا وَمِنْ كُلِ كَرْبٍ ثُمَّأَسُمْ تُشْرِكُنَ ® قُلْ هُوَ الْقَادِرُ عَلَى أَنْ يَبْعَثَ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابًامِّن فَوْقِكُمْ أَوْ مِن تَحْتِ أَرْجُلِكُمْ أَوْ يَلْبِسَكُمْ شِيَعًا وَيُذِبِقَ بَعْضَكُم بَأْسَ بَعْضِّ أَنْظُرْكَيْفَ نُصَرِّفُ الْآَيَتِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَفْقَهُونَ 70 وَكَذَّبَ بِهِ، قَوْمُكَ وَهُوَ أَلْحَقُّ قُل ◌َّسْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِوَکِیلٍ C لِكُلِّ نَبَلٍ مُسْتَقَرُّوَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ TV them (and He knows the answer better than they): "How have you left My slaves?" They reply, "We left them while they were praying and we came to them while they were praying." The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم added: "If anyone of you says Amin (during the prayer at the end of the recitation of Surat Al-Fatihah), and the angels in heaven say the same, and the two sayings coincide, all his past sins will be forgiven." (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Vol. 4, Hadith No. 446) [1] (V.6:67): i.e. for everything there is an appointed term, and for every deed there is a recompense سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ Surah 6. Al-An'âm Part 7 180 وَإِذَارَأَيْتَ الَّذِينَ يَخُوضُونَ فِيّ ءَايَئِنَا فَأَعْرِضْ عَنْهُمْ حَتَّى يَخُوضُوا فِى حَدِيثٍ غَيْهِ، وَإِمَّايُنسِيَنَّكَ الشَّيْطَانُ فَلَا تَقْعُدْ بَعْدَ الذِّكْرَى مَعَ الْقَوْمِ الَّلِينَ وَمَا عَلَى الَّذِينَ يَنَّقُونَ مِنْ حِسَابِهِم مِّنْ شَىْءٍ وَلَكِن ذِكْرَى لَعَلَّهُمْ يَنَّقُونَ وَذَرِ الَّذِينَ أَّخَذُواْدِينَهُمْ لَعِبًا وَلَهْوَا وَغَرَّتْهُمُ الْحَيَوَةُ الذُّنْيَّ وَذَكِّرْبِهِ: أَنْ تُبْسَلَ نَفْسُ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ لَيْسَ لَامِندُونِ اللَّهِ وَلِيٌّ وَلَا شَفِيْعٌ وَإِن تَعْدِلْ كُلَّ عَدْلٍ لَّا يُؤْخَذْ مِنْهَا أُوْلَكَ الَّذِينَ أُبْسِلُواْبِمَا كَسَبُواْ لَهُمْ شَرَابٌ مِّنْ حَمِيمٍ وَعَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ بِمَا كَانُوايَكْفُرُونَ قُلْ أَنَدْ عُواْ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ مَا لَا يَنفَعُنَا وَلَا يَضُرُّنَا وَنُرَدُّ عَلَى أَعْقَابِنَا بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَ نَا ◌َللَّهُ كَالَّذِى اسْتَهْوَتْهُ الشَّيَطِينُ فِ الْأَرْضِ حَيْرَانَ لَهُ: أَصْحَبٌ يَدْعُونَهُ إِلَى الْهُدَى أَثْتِنَا قُلْ إِنَّ هُدَى اللَّهِ هُوَ الْهُدَىّ وَأُمِرْ نَا لِنُسْلِمَ لِرَبِّ الْعَلَمِينَ 68. And when you ( Muhammad see those who engage in a (صلى الله عليه وسلم false conversation about Our Verses (of the Qur'ân) by mocking at them, stay away from them till they turn to another topic. And if Shaitân (Satan) causes you to forget, then after the remembrance sit not you in the company of those people who are the Zâlimûn (polytheists and wrong-doers). 69. Those who fear Allah, keep their duty to Him and avoid evil are not responsible for them (the disbelievers) in any case, but (their duty) is to remind them, that they may fear Allah (and refrain from mocking at the Qur'an). [The provision of this Verse was abrogated by the Verse 4:140]. 70. And leave alone those who take their religion as play and amusement, and whom the life of this world has deceived. But remind (them) with it (the Qur'ân) lest a person be given up to destruction for that which he has earned, when he will find for himself no protector or intercessor besides Allâh, and even if he offers every ransom, it will not be accepted from him. Such are they who are given up to destruction because of that which they have earned. For them will be a drink of boiling water and a painful torment because they used to disbelieve. :(صلى الله عليه وسلم Say (O Muhammad .71 "Shall we invoke others besides Allâh (false deities), that can do us neither good nor harm, and shall we turn back on our heels after Allâh has guided us (to true Monotheism)? like one whom the Shayâtîn (devils) have made to go astray in the land in confusion, his companions calling him to guidance (saying): 'Come to us.' " Say: "Verily, Allah's Guidance is the only guidance, and we have been commanded to submit (ourselves) to the Lord of the 'Alamîn (mankind, jinn and all that exists); سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ Sûrah 6. Al-An'âm Part 7 181 72. And to perform As-Salât (Iqâmat-as- Salât), and to be obedient to Allâh and fear Him, and it is He to Whom you shall be gathered. 73. It is He Who has created the heavens and the earth in truth, and on the Day (i.e. the Day of Resurrection) He will say: "Be!", - and it is! His Word is the Truth. His will be the dominion on the Day when the Trumpet will be blown. All-Knower of the unseen and the seen. He is the All-Wise, Well-Aware (of all things). 74. And (remember) when Ibrâhîm (Abraham) said to his father Âzar: "Do you take idols as âlihah (gods)? Verily, I see you and your people in manifest error." 75. Thus did we show Ibrâhîm (Abraham) the kingdom of the heavens and the earth that he be one of those who have Faith with certainty. 76. When the night covered him over with darkness he saw a star. He said: "This is my lord." But when it set, he said: "I like not those that set." 77. When he saw the moon rising up, he said: "This is my lord." But when it set, he said: "Unless my Lord guides me, I shall surely be among the people who went astray." 78. When he saw the sun rising up, he said: "This is my lord. This is greater." But when it set, he said: "O my people! I am وَأَنْ أَقِيمُواْ الصَّلَوةَ وَأَنَّقُوَ، وَهُوَ الَّذِىّ إِلَيْهِ تُحْشَرُونَ vr وَهُوَ الَّذِى خَلَقَ السَّمَوَتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِالْحَقِّ وَيَوْمَ يَقُولُ كُنْ فَيَكُونَ قَوْلُهُ الْحَقُّ وَلَهُ الْمُلْكُ يَوْمَ يُنْفَخُ فِ الصُّورِّ عَلِمُ الْغَيْبِ ٧٣ وَالشَّهَدَةِ وَهُوَ الْحَكِيمُ الْخَبِيرُ ﴿ وَ إِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ لِأَبِهِ ،َازَرَ أَتَتَّخِذُ أَصْنَامًا ءَالِهَةَّ إِّ أَرَنَكَ وَقَوْمَكَ فِ ضَلَلٍ مُبِينٍ Vi وَكَذَلِكَ نُرِىِ إِبْرَهِيمَ مَلَكُوتَ السَّمَوَتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَلِيَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُوقِنِينَ Vo فَلَمَّا جَنَّ عَلَيْهِ اَلَّيْلُ رَءَا كَوْكَبِّ قَالَ هَذَارٌَِّ فَلَمَّا أَفَلَ قَالَ لَآ أُحِبُّ الْآَّفِلِينَ فَلَمَّا رَءَا الْقَمَرَ بَازِغًا قَالَ هَذَا رَبِّ فَلَمَّا أَفَلَ قَالَ لَيْنِ لَّمْ يَهْدِ نِ رَبِ لَأَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ VV الضَّآلّينَ فَلَمَّارَءَا الشَّمْسَ بَازِغَةً قَالَ هَذَارَبِ هَذَآ أَكْبَرٌ فَلَمَّا أَفَلَتْ قَالَ يَقَوْمِ إِنِى بَرِىٌّ مِّعًا [1] (V.6:74) Narrated Abu Hurairah رضى الله عنه :The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "On the Day of Resurrection Ibrahim (Abraham) will meet his father Azar whose face will be dark and covered with dust. (The Prophet) Ibrahim (Abraham) will say (to him): 'Didn't I tell you not to disobey me?' His father will reply: 'Today I will not disobey you.' Ibrahim (Abraham) will say: 'O Lord! You promised me not to disgrace me on the Day of Resurrection; and what will be more disgraceful to me than cursing and dishonouring my father?' Then Allah Jus will say (to him): 'I have forbidden Paradise for the disbelievers.'Then he will be addressed, 'O Ibrahim (Abraham)! Look! What is underneath your feet?' He will look and there he will see a Dhîkh (Hyena,) blood-stained, which will be caught by the legs and thrown in the (Hell) Fire." (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Vol.4, Hadîth No.569). سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ 182 Part 7 Surah 6. Al-An'âm VA تُشْرِكُنَ إِنِّى وَجَّهْتُ وَجْهِىَ لِلَّذِى فَطَرَ السَّمَوَتِ وَالْأَرْضَ حَنِيفًا وَمَآ أَنَاْمِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَحَبَّهُ، قَوْمُهُ، قَالَ أَتُحَجُّوْنِ فِاَللَّهِ وَقَدْهَدَئِنٍ وَلَآَ أَخَافُ مَا تُشْرِكُونَ بِهِ: إِلَّ أَنْ يَشَآءَرَبِ شَبْقَاً وَسِعَ رَبِّ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ عِلْمًّا أَفَلَا تَتَذَكَّرُونَ وَكَيْفَ أَخَافُ مَآ أَشْرَ كْتُمْ وَلَا تَّخَافُونَ أَنَّكُمْ أَشْرَكْتُم بِالَّهِ مَا لَمْ يُنَزِّلْ بِهِ، عَلَيْكُمْ سُلْطَنَّا فَأَىُّالْفَرِيقَيْنِ أَحَقُّ بِآلْأَمْنِّ إِن كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ ◌ّ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَلَمْ يَلْبِسُوْاْ إِيمَنَهُمْ بِظُلْمٍ أُوْلَكَ لَهُمُ الْأَمْنُ وَهُمْ مُهْتَدُونَ AT وَتِلْكَ حُجَّتُنَآءَاتَّيْنَهَا إِبْرَهِيمَ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ،نَرْفَعُ دَرَجَتٍ مَن نَّشَاءُ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ حَكِيمٌ عَلِيمٌ وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُ: إِسْحَقَ وَيَعْقُوبَّ كُلًّا هَدَيْنََّ وَنُوحَا هَدَيْنَا مِن قَبْلٌ وَمِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِهِ، indeed free from all that you join as partners (in worship with Allâh). 79. Verily, I have turned my face towards Him Who has created the heavens and the earth Hanifa, (Islamic Monotheism, i.e. worshipping none but Allâh Alone), and I am not of Al-Mushrikun" (See V.2:105). 80. His people disputed with him. He said: "Do you dispute with me concerning Allâh while He has guided me, and I fear not those whom you associate with Him (Allâh) in worship. (Nothing can happen to me) except when my Lord (Allâh) wills something. My Lord comprehends in His Knowledge all things. Will you not then remember? 81. "And how should I fear those whom you associate in worship with Allâh (though they can neither benefit nor harm), while you fear not that you have joined in worship with Allâh things for which He has not sent down to you any authority. (So) which of the two parties has more right to be in security? If you but know." 82. It is those who believe (in the Oneness of Allâh and worship none but Him Alone) and confuse not their belief with Zulm (wrong i.e. by worshipping others besides Allâh), for them (only) there is security and they are the guided." 83. And that was Our Proof which We gave Ibrâhîm (Abraham) against his people. We raise whom We will in degrees. Certainly your Lord is All-Wise, All-Knowing. 84. And We bestowed upon him Ishaq (Isaac) and Ya'qub (Jacob), each of them We guided, and before him, We guided Nûh (Noah), and among his progeny Dawud (V.6:82): See the footnote (C) of (V.27:59). [1] سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ Part 7 183 Sûrah 6. Al-An'âm دَاوُودَ وَسُلَيْمَنَ وَأَيُّوبَ وَيُوسُفَ وَمُوسَى وَهَرُونَ وَكَذَلِكَ نَجْزِى الْمُحْسِنِينَ ٨٤ وَزَّكَرِيًّا وَيَخْنِى وَعِيسَى وَإِلَيَاسَّ كُلِّ مِنَ الصَّلِحِينَ ٨٥ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَالْيَسَعَ وَيُونُسَ وَلُوطَأْ وَكُلًا فَضَّلْنَا عَلَى الْعَلَمِينَ وَمِنْءَابَآْبِهِمْ وَذُرِّيَّنِهِمْ وَإِخْوَنِهِمْ وَاجْنَبَيْنَهُمْ وَهَدَيْنَهُمْ إِلَى صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ AV ذَلِكَ هُدَى اللَّهِيَهْدِى بِهِ، مَن يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ، وَلَوْ أَشْرَكُوْ لَحَبِطَ عَنْهُمْ مَاكَانُواْ يَعْمَلُونَ AA أُوْلَئِكَ الَّذِينَ ءَاتَّيْنَهُمُ الْكِتَبَ وَالْحَكْمَ وَالنُّبُوَةَ فَإِن يَكْفُرْبِهَا هَؤُلَاءٍ فَقَدْ وَكَّلْنَا بِهَا قَوْمَا لَّيْسُواْ ◌ِهَا بِكَفِرِينَ ٨٩ أُوْلَكَ الَّذِينَ هَدَى اللهُ فَبِهُدَ نهُمُ أَقْتَدِةٌ قُل لَّا أَسْئَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرِّ إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا ذِكْرَى لِلْعَلَمِينَ وَمَا قَدَرُواْ اللَّهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ إِذْقَالُواْمَا أَنزَلَ اَللَّهُ عَلَى بَشَرِمِنْ شَىْءٍ قُلْ مَنْ أَنْزَلَ الْكِتَبَ الَّذِى جَآءَبِهِ، (David), Sulaimân (Solomon), Ayyûb (Job), Yûsuf (Joseph), Mûsâ (Moses), and Hârûn (Aaron). Thus do We reward Al-Muhsinun (the good-doers - see the footnote of V.9:120). 85. And Zakariyâ (Zachariya), and Yahya (John) and ‘Îsâ (Jesus) and Iliyâs (Elias), each one of them was of the righteous. 86. And Isma'îl (Ishmael) and Al-Yasa' (Elisha), and Yûnus (Jonah) and Lût (Lot), and each one of them We preferred above the ‘Âlamîn [mankind and jinn (of their times)]. 87. And also some of their fathers and their progeny and their brethren, We chose them, and We guided them to the Straight Path. 88. This is the Guidance of Allah with which He guides whomsoever He wills of His slaves. But if they had joined in worship others with Allâh, all that they used to do would have been of no benefit to them. 89. They are those whom We gave the Book, Al-Hukm (understanding of the religious laws), and Prophethood. But if these disbelieve therein (the Book, Al-Hukm and Prophethood), then, indeed We have entrusted it to a people (such as the صلى الله Companions of Prophet Muhammad .who are not disbelievers therein (عليه وسلم 90. They are those whom Allah had guided. So follow their guidance. Say: "No reward I ask of you for this (the Qur'an). It is only a reminder for the 'Âlamîn (mankind and jinn)." 91. They (the Jews, Quraish pagans, idolaters) did not estimate Allâh with an estimation due to Him when they said: "Nothing did Allâh send down to any human being (by revelation)." Say (O Muhammad Who then sent down the":(صلى الله عليه وسلم سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ Surah 6. Al-An'âm Part 7 184 Book which Mûsâ (Moses) brought, a light and a guidance to mankind which you (the Jews) have made into (separate) papersheets, disclosing (some of it) and concealing much . And you (believers in Allâh and His Messenger Muhammad. (were taught (through the Qur'an (اللّه عليه وسلم that which neither you nor your fathers knew." Say: "Allâh (sent it down)." Then leave them to play in their vain discussions. (Tafsir Al-Qurtubî). 92. And this (the Qur'an) is a blessed Book which We have sent down, confirming (the revelations) which came before it, so that you may warn the Mother of Towns (i.e. Makkah) and all those around it. Those who believe in the Hereafter believe in it (the Qur'ân), and they are constant in guarding their Salât (prayers). 93. And who can be more unjust than he who invents a lie against Allâh, or says: "A revelation has come to me" whereas no revelation has come to him in anything; and who says, "I will reveal the like of what Allâh has revealed." And if you could but see when the Zâlimun (polytheists and wrong-doers) are in the agonies of death, while the angels are stretching forth their hands (saying): "Deliver your souls! This day you shall be recompensed with the torment of degradation because of what you used to utter against Allâh other than the truth. And you used to reject His Ayât (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) with disrespect!111" مُوسَى نُورًا وَهُدًى لِلِنَّاسِّ تَجْعَلُونَهُ قَرَاطِيسَ تُبْدُونَهَا وَتُمْفُونَ كَثِيرًا وَعُلِّمْتُمِ مَا لَتَعْلَمُواْ أَنْتُمْ وَلَآ ءَابَآؤُكُمْ فُلِ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ ذَرْهُمْ فِ خَوْضِهِمْ يَلْعَبُونَ(@) وَهَذَا كِتَبُّ أَنْزَلْنَهُ مُبَارَكٌ مُصَدِّقُ الَّذِى بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَلِتُنْذِرَ أُمَّالْقُرَى وَ مَنْ حَوْلَهَاً وَلَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بَلْآَخِرَةِ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِ، وَهُمْ عَلَى صَلَاِهِمْ يُحَافِظُونَ وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَى عَلَى اَللَّهِكَذِّبًا أَوْقَالَ أُوْحِىَ إِلَىَّ وَلَمْ يُوحَ إِلَيْهِ شَىْءٌ وَمَنْ قَالَ سَأُنزِلُ مِثْلَ مَآ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ وَلَوْتَرَىَّ إِالظَّالِمُونَ فِ غَمَرَتِ الْوَّتِ وَالْمَلَبِكَةُ بَاسِطُوْأَيَدِيهِمْ أَخْرِ جُوَأْ أَنفُسَكُمِّ الْيَوْمَ تُّجْزَوَنَ عَذَابَ الْهُونِ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَقُولُونَ عَلَى الَّهِ غَيْرَالْحَقِّ وَكُنتُمْ عَنْ ءَايَتِهِ،تَسْتَكْبِرُونَ ٩٣ [1] (V. 6:93) A. What is said regarding the punishment in the grave. And the Statement of : عز وجل Allah "If you could but see when the Zalimun (polytheists and wrong-doers) are in the agonies of death while the angels are stretching forth their hands (saying):" Deliver your souls. This day you shall be recompensed with the torment of degradation." (V. 6:93) And also the Statement of Allah JUS : "Twice shall We punish them and thereafter, they shall be brought back to a great (horrible) torment." (V. 9:101). And also the Statement of Allâh Jus: سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ Part 7 185 Sûrah 6. Al-An'âm 94. And truly you have come unto Us alone (without wealth, companions or anything else) as We created you the first time. You have left behind you all that which We had bestowed on you. We see not with you your intercessors whom you claimed to be partners with Allâh. Now all relations between you and them have been cut off, and all that you used to claim has vanished from you. 95. Verily! It is Allâh Who causes the seed-grain and the fruit-stone (like date-stone) to split and sprout. He brings forth the living from the dead, and it is He Who brings forth the dead from the living. Such is Allâh, then how are you deluded away from the truth? 96. (He is the) Cleaver of the daybreak. He has appointed the night for resting, and the sun and the moon for reckoning. Such is the measuring of the All-Mighty, the All-Knowing. وَلَقَدْ جِئْتُمُونَا فُرَدَىْ كَمَا خَلَقْنَكُمْ أَوَّلَ مَرَّقِ وَكَّتُهُ مَّا خَوَّلْنَكُمْ وَرَآءَ ظُهُورِِكُمْ وَمَانَرَى مَعَكُمْ شُفَعَآءَ كُمُ الَّذِينَ زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّهُمْ فِيَكُمْ شُرَّكَوْأَ لَقَد تَّقَطَّعَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَضَلَّ عَنكُم مَّا كُنْتُمْ تَزْعُمُونَ ﴿ إِنَّاللَّهَ فَالِقُ الْحَبِّ وَالنَّوَىِّ يُخْرِجُ الْحَىَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَمُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتِ مِنَ الْحَيِّ ذَلِكُمُ اللٌّ فَأَفَى 90 تُؤْفَكُونَ فَالِقُ الْإِصْبَاحِ وَجَعَلَ اَلَّيْلَ سَكَنَّا وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ حُسْبَانَا ذَلِكَ تَقْدِيرُ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيِمِ "While an evil torment encompassed Fir'aun (Pharaoh)'s people; the Fire, they are exposed to it morning and afternoon, and on the Day when the Hour will be established (it will be said to the angels): 'Cause Fir'aun (Pharaoh)'s people to enter the severest torment.' " (V. 40: 45-46). Narrated Al-Bara' bin 'Azib: The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "When a faithful believer is made to sit in his grave, then (the angels) come to him and he testifies that La ilâha illallâh wa Anna Muhammad-ur-Rasûl-Allâh (none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم is the Messenger of Allah). And that corresponds to Allah's Statement:'Allah will keep firm those who believe with the word that stands firm.' (V.14:27)." (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Vol.2, Hadîth No.450). B. Narrated Anas رضى الله عنه :The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "When a human being is laid in his grave and his companions return and he even hears their footsteps, two angels come to him and make him sit and ask him: 'What did you use to say about this man, Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم?' He will say: 'I testify that he is Allah's slave and His Messenger.' Then it will be said to him, 'Look at your place in the Hell-fire. Allah has changed for you a place in Paradise instead of it. " The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم added, "The dead person will see both his places. But a disbeliever or a hypocrite will say to the angels, 'I do not know, but I used to say what the people used to say!' It will be said to him, 'Neither did you know nor did you take the guidance (by following the Qur'an).' Then he will be hit with an iron hammer between his two ears, and he will cry and that cry will be heard by whatsoever is near to him except human beings and jinn." (Sahih Al- Bukhâri, Vol. 2, Hadith No. 422) سورة الأنعام ٦ الجزء ٧ 186 Part 7 Sûrah 6. Al-An'âm وَهُوَالَّذِى جَعَلَ لَكُمُ النُّجُومَ لِّهْتَدُواْ بِهَا فِى ◌ُظُلُمَتِ الْبَرِ وَالْبَحْرِ قَدْ فَصَلْنَا الْآَيَتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ وَهُوَالَّذِىّ أَنشَأَ كُمْ مِن نَّفْسِ وَحِدَةٍ فَُسْتَغَرٌ وَمُسْتَوْدَعُ قَدْ فَصَّلْنَا ◌ْلْآَيَتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَفْقَهُونَ وَهُوَ الَّذِى أَنزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَآءَ فَخْرَجْنَابِهِ، نَّبَاتَ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ فَأَخْرَجْنَامِنْهُ خَضِرًا نُخْرِجُ مِنْهُ حَبَّا مُتَرَاكِبًا وَمِنَ النَّخْلِ مِنْ طَلْعِهَا قِنْوَانٌ دَانِيَةٌ وَجَنَّتٍ مِّنْ أَعْنَابٍ وَالزَّيْتُونَ وَالرُّمَانَ مُشْتَبِهًا وَغَيْرَ مُتَشَبِّةٍ أَنْظُرُوّاً إِلَى ثَمَرِهِ إِذَا أَثْمَرَ وَيَنْعِهِ إِنَّ فِ ذَلِكُمْ لَيَتِ لِّقَوْمٍ يُؤْمِنُونَ وَجَعَلُوا لِلَّهِ شُرّكَآءَ الْجِنَّ وَخَلَقَهُمْ وَخَرَقُواْ لَهُ بَنِينَ وَبَنَتٍ بِغَيْرِ عِلٍَّ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَلَى عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ 1 .. بَدِيعُ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ أَنَّى يَكُونُ لَهُ, وَلَدٌ 97. It is He Who has set the stars 1 for you, so that you may guide your course with their help through the darkness of the land and the sea. We have (indeed) explained in detail Our Ayât (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, Revelations, etc.) for people who know. 98. It is He Who has created you from a single person (Adam), and has given you a place of residing (on the earth or in your mother's wombs) and a place of storage [in the earth (in your graves) or in your father's loins]. Indeed, We have explained in detail Our revelations (this Qur'ân) for people who understand. 99. It is He Who sends down water (rain) from the sky, and with it We bring forth vegetation of all kinds, and out of it We bring forth green stalks, from which We bring forth thick clustered grain. And out of the date-palm and its spathe come forth clusters of dates hanging low and near, and gardens of grapes, olives and pomegranates, each similar (in kind) yet different (in variety and taste). Look at their fruits when they begin to bear, and the ripeness thereof. Verily! In these things there are signs for people who believe. 100. Yet, they join the jinn as partners in worship with Allâh, though He has created them (the jinn); and they attribute falsely without knowledge sons and daughters to Him. Be He Glorified and Exalted above all that (evil) they attribute to Him. 101. He is the Originator of the heavens and the earth. How can He have children [1] (V.6:97) (About the) Stars. Abu Qatadah mentioned Allah's Statement: "And We have adorned the nearest heaven with lamps," (V.67:5) and said, "The creation of these stars is for three purposes, i.e. as decoration of the (nearest) heaven, as missiles to hit the devils, and as signs to guide travellers. So, if anybody tries to find a different interpretation, he is mistaken and just wastes his efforts, and troubles himself with what is beyond his limited knowledge." (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Vol. 4, Chap. 3, P. 282).