Indexed OCR Text

124
[Book I.
for __ ji, (T, A,) inf. n. ¿ 4,5, (T, A, Ķ,) also
significa It (a company of men) journeyed by
day : (Aboo-Malik, T:) or all the day, (T, A,
K,) to the night, (T,) without alighting to rest :
(TA:) , being the same kind of day-jour-
neying as JU! is of night-journeying : (T, M :) or
he journeycil all the day, and alighted at night :
(T, §:) or he journeyed by night: (Msb:) or
JU (M, L, K) and Vijf (Lth, T, L, Ķ)
signify the vying, one with another, of travelling-
caniels, in pace, or going. (Lth, T, M, L, K.) A
poet says,
.
وَإِنْ تُؤَادِيْهُ " تَجِدْهُ مِثْوَبَا "
[And if thou, or they, (meaning camels,) vie with
kim in pace, or going, thou wilt, or they will,
find him to be one that overcomes therein] : 80
as related by Ltlı: but as related by others, is.
(T.)
.acc 2, in two places: مُؤَاوَبَةً .inf. n , آوب .3
5. 50 and U: sec 1, in five places.
8. Et: see 1, in three places.
Q. Q. 1. el, originally 1: sce 1, first sen-
tence.
Si The name of a [Syrian] month [corres-
ponding to August, O. S.]: an arabicized word.
(IAgr, M, Ķ.)
¿jan inf. n. of 1. (S, M, Msb, Ķ.) __ Also
The returning of the fore and hind legs of a beast in
going ulong : (T, M, A," K :) or quichness in the
changing, or shifting, of the fore and hind legs in
going along : ($:) and simply quickness, or swift-
مَا أَعْجَبَ أَوْبَ يَدَيْها ,ness. (M, K.) One smy's
How wonderful is the returning [or quick shifting]
of her fure legs! (A.) And to one going at a
quick pace, one says, الأوب الأوب [meaning Keep
to the quick changing, or shifting, of the legs; a
verb being understood : or Trot on! Trot on !].
(A.)_A right, or direct, way, course, or ten-
dency; syn. Les and it's. (M [in which
these two syns. are mentioned together] and Ķ
[in which another exphination intervenes between
them, namely osle, as though they were meant to
be understood in different senses, which I do not
think to be thic case].) ___ A direction : as in the
saying, رّمَى آوبًا أو أوبين [He shot, or cast, in
one direction, or in two directions]. (M, A.) __
A course, way, mode, or manner, of acting, or
conduct, or the like : (A :) custom. (Lh, M, A,
K.) You say, ◌ِكُنْتُ عَلَى صَوْبٍ فُلانٍ وَأَوْبِه I was
[proceeding] in the course, way, mode, or man-
ner, of acting, &c., of such a one. (A.) And
"il iji Jij L. This ceased not to be his course,
way, mode, or manner, &c. : (A:) or his custom.
(Lh, M, A.) ___ A way, or road : (M, Msb, Ķ :)
a quarter : ('Eyn, M, A, Ķ:) a tract, or side :
('Eyn, $:) a place: (§:) a place to which one
جَاؤُوا ,A, Meb.) You say).[ماب returns [like
They came from every way, or مِنْ كُلّ أَوْبٍ
rond, (M, Msb,) or quarter, ('Eyn, M, A,) or
tract, or side, ('Eyn, §,) and place, (§,) or place
أُوْبًا الوادى to which one returns. (A, Mob.) And
signifies The two sules of the valley. (A.) ===
أود - أوب
Bees : (M, K:) a quasi-pl. n .: as though the
sing. were Si : AHIn says that they are so called
because of their returning to the als, i. e.
the place where they hive for the night. (M,
TA.) See Si. __ The clouds. (K.) __ The
wind. (Ķ.)
il and Vigi Return; (T, A, Ķ;) as also
il!, a subst. from _i. (Msb.) You say,
May the return of the alsent] لِيَهْنِتْكَ أَوْبَةُ الغَائِبِ
give thee joy]. (TA.) And ◌ِفُلانْ سَرِيعُ الأَوْبَة and
¿yt Such a one is quick in return. (A'Obeyd,
T, S .* ) ___ Return from disobedience to obedience;
كَلاَمْ لَا أَوْبَةً لَهُ - (.ايب .repentance. (TA in art
Speech, or language, without profit. (A.) =
Legt is also the sing. of G,l, which signifies The
legs of a beast. (K, TA.)
agi: see aggl, in two places. ==== Also, (as in
some copies of the K,) or Vau!, (accord. to the
CK,) or asi, (accord. to the TK,) A noon-day
draught or drink. (K.)
! : see what next precedes.
" A she-camel quich in the changing, or
shifting, of her fore and hind legs in going along.
(§.)
.أَوْبَةً see : إِيَابَةٌ
Sil Frequent in returning. (T.)_Frequent
in returning unto God, from one's sins; (M,
TA;) tront to repent, or frequent in repenting :
(Zj, T, A, Mgh, Msb :) or turning from dis-
obedience to obedience : (S, L:) or a praiser of
God; (Sa'ced Ibn-Jubeyr, TA;) by which is here
meant, in the prayer of the period of the forenoon
called الضَّحَى, when the sun is high, and the
licat violent; hence termed ◌َصلاةُ الأوَّابِين ; which
is performed when the young camels feel the licat
of the sun from the parched ground: (TA :) or
obedient : (Katadch, TA :) or one who reflects
upon his sins in solitude, and prays God to for-
give them : (TA :) or one who heeps, or is mind-
ful of, the ordinances prescribed by God, (laks,
[which is thus explained by Bd and Jel as occur-
ring in the Kur 1. 31,]) and does not rise from
his sitting-place until he begs forgiveness of God :
('Obeyd Ibn-'Omeyr, T, TA : [but this is evi-
dently meant as an explanation of wigi together
with de: see the Kur ubi supra :]) or one
who sins, and then returns to obedience, and then
sins, and then returns to obedience. (TA.)
i act. part. n. of "1; Returning : [&c .: ]
: [٧٠ ٩٠] أوب " and أيّابٌ and أوَّابْ .M, Meb:) pl)
(M, Ķ :) or, accord. to some, the last is a quasi-
pl. n. (M, TA.)
isi The coming of camels to water, to drink,
every night : whence the saying,
لَا تَرِدَنَّ المَاءُ إلّا آتِيَهْ
.
[ Do not thou come to the water, to drink, unless
coming to it every night]. (IAar, M.) ___ Sce
ـيبَةٌ also
a settled, or fixed, abode, or dwelling-place : (TA:)
the place to which one is translated, or removed,
by death : (K, TA :) the goal to which the course
of life ultimately leads one ; or place to which ons
returns in the ultimate state, or world to come.
(T, TA.) __ The place where the sun sets. (TA.)
-[A day-journey : pl. ">l; as in the saying,]
Between them two are three بينهمَا ثَلاَثُ مَآوِبَ
day-journeys. (K.)
[A camel that overcomes in vying with
another, or others, in pace, or going] : scc an ex.
voce أوب .(T.)
¿ QU [The place where the water flows again
into the well to supply the deficiency occasioned
by drawing ; ] the owl's of the well ; i. e., the place
where the water collects in the well. ('TA.)
), (IB, CK,) or diggs, (as in a copy
of the M, and in some copies of the K,) A wind
blowing throughout the whole day : (M, K :) or
a wind that comes at night. (IB.)
.in two places ,مُتَأْوِّبْ scc: مُؤْتَابٌ
مُتأيّب ٢ an inf. n. of 5, q. v .; as also مُتَأَوَّبْ
(M,* Ķ.)
Ste Returning tu one's family at, or in, the
ومُتَأَيِّبْ ur n10,٣) (:TA): مُؤْتَّاب ٢ night ; as also
coming at night : or coming in the beginning of
the night : ($:) [and soffe, as in the fol-
lowing cx. : ]
· وَمَنْ يَتَّقْ فَإِنَّ اللهَ مَعْهُ . وَرِزْقُ اللهِ مُؤْتَابٌ وَغَادِ
.
[ And whoso feareth God, verily Gud is with him;
and the supply of God cometh to him at night, or
in the beginning of the night, aml cometh curly in
the morning : ◌َّيتَّق ling here put for يتَّق, hy a
necessary poctical licence : sce art. 3]. (S.)
. مُتَأَوَّبٌ scc: مُتَأَيَّبٌ
مُتَّأَوِّبْ scc: مُتَأَيِّبٌ
اود
1. 52f, nor. 554, inf. n. 351, It (a thing, T, S,
M, or an arrow, AHIn, M) mas, or berame, of
itself, crooked, curved, or bent. (T, S, M, A, "K.)
[See also 5.]= ◌َاد, nor. ◌ُيَؤُود , inf. ". ◌ْأَوْد , It (the
day) receded, in the evening. (T, L.) _ It (the
evening, T, S) declined. (T, Ş, K.) ___ It (a
أَوَّتِ الظَّلَالُ -(.thing, L) returned. (M, L, K
The shadows returnedl, and inclined towards the
cast. (L.)_aile si He inclined towards him ;
or pitied him. (M.)=of, (T, S, Msh,) first
pers. 2331, (M,) or 3,1, (Ķ, TA, [in the CK,
erroneously , ◌ُادتّه,]) aor. ◌ُيَؤُود, inf. n. ◌َأُوْد , (AR, T,
M, Msh,) He crooked, curved, or bent, it ; (As,
T, Ş, L, M&l), Ķ ;) i. c., a stick, (As, T, I.,) or
other thing; (L;) as also Vosgi. (I, K.)_ost,
nor. ◌ُيَؤُود, (T, S, M, &c.,) inf. n. أود ($, M, K)
and 3,jf, (M, Ķ,) It (a load) uppressed him by
its weight; pressed heuvily upon him; burdened
him. (AZ, T, Ş, A, Msb.) And It (a thing, or
an affair,) oppressed, distressed, or afflictedl, him :
¿ A place to which one returns : (T, Ş, Ķ :) (M, L, K:) and [in like manner] ++350, (L, K,)

125
Book I.]
or V63,5, (T,) as also ost, (L, Ķ,) the last
formed by transposition (T, L) from the second,
(T,) or first, (L,) said of an affair, it pressed
heavily upon him; oppressed him. (T, L, K.)
You say, " ◌ْما آوَلاَ فَهْوَ لِى أَئِد What huth bur-
dened [or distressed] thee, it (that thing) is bur-
dening [or ilistressing] to me. (S.)
2: sec 1.
5. JU It (a stick, T, L, or some other thing, L)
became, by an extraneous operation, crooked,
curved, or bent; (T, Ş, M, A, L, Ķ;) as also
OUI. (T, S, M, L, Ķ : [in the CK SUG is erro-
neously put for 30G. ]) El-' Ajjaj says,
لَمْ يَكُ يَنْآَدُ ٧ فَأَمْسَى أَنْاَدًا
.
[Ile uscil not to become beut, und. he has become
bent], making the pret. to be a denotative of state
because Af is nicant to be understood, as in the
أَوْ جَاؤُوكُمْ حَصِرَتْ ,[92 .saying in the Kur [iv
تَأْوَّدَتْ فِى قِيَامِهَا ,You say also (.؟) . صُدُورُهـ
She (n woman) bent in her rising, by reuson uf
her heaviness. (T and L in art. sig.) =0336:
see 851.
.آده Rec : تآوده .6
7. ,GI: Ace 5, in two places. __ Also IIe be-
cume oppressed, or burdened [by a load]. (Msb.)
,Crooked (;) ;أو25 .from ,آوَوُ ٧ T,M ;) or) ; أَوِدْ
curved, or bent. (T, M, K.)
351; fem. Aggl : src what next precedes.
Ssi Burdeuing [or ilistressing ]. (S.) Sce1, last
sentence.
isso Oppressed, pressed heavily upon, or bur-
dened, by a load. (S.)
3,4 Calamities : (IAar, M, L, Ķ :) as also
Ssige, which is app. formed by transposition.
(M, L.) Some way that a,le is pl. of Aje, and
derive this word [which see in art. Net] from asi,
aor. 3252, meaning "it oppressed him by its
weight:" (T, I .: ) or it has no sing. (1Aar, M.)
اوز
jo! (§, Mah, K) and 855!, ($,) or the latter
is the n. un. of the former, [which is a coll. gen.
n., ] (Msb,) i. q. b; [The goose, or geese; and the
duck, or ducks; but jal is generally applied to the
formier of these birds; and Ly, to the latter;
agreenbly with a statement in the Jm, that Lo is
applied by the Arabs to the small, and jal to the
large]; (S, K ;) as also jy, of which the n. un. is
(:Mab): فِعَلّ is of the measure أوز (: Mb): وَزَةٌ
[but see what follows : ] the pl. is Sais!, (S, Msb,
K,) a form which is sometimes used, (§, Msb,)
and which is anomalous. (Msb.) [Sce also
s;s.]-[Hence, ] jo! also signifies + Short
anıt thirk : (K :) fleshy without being tall : (Ltli,
TA:) fem. with õ. (TA.) El-'Okberec asserts
that the i is augmentative, because it is followed
by three radical letters : (MF, TA :) but ISd says
اول - اود
that it is of the measure Jas, and may not be of
the measure Just, [i. e., originally jj>[,] because
this does not occur as the measure of an epithet.
(TA.) [It seems, however, that jal is in this case
a subst. uscd tropically as an epithet, after the
manner of many nicknames. ] ___ Also, applied to
a man, and to a horse, and to a camel, Firm in
make : (AHci in the Expos. of the Tes-hecl, and
TA:) or, applied to a horse, compact and strong
in make. (TA.)
LSjo! A manner of walking in which is a moving
up and down : or leaning on one side; (K ;) [the
latter omitted in the CK;] at one time on the
right and ut unother on the left [like a goose or
duck]: ('TA :) and the walh of a sprightly horse.
(TA.) Az says that it may be of the mensure
but ; فِعَلَّى or [, إِوْززى originally ,٢٠.أ] , إِفْعَلَّى
Abu-I-Hasan holds the latter to be the more cor-
rect, because it is the measure of many words
relating to walking ; as جيضى, and دفَقَّى .(TA.)
ijst: Jeff A land abounding with the birils
called jo !. (Sglı, K.)
اوس
JA [The myrtle; ] a certain hind of tree,
(§, Msb, Ķ,) well known, ($, K,) fragrant,
(IDrd, M, Mah,) aud evergreen, abundant in the
land of the Arubs, growing in the plains and
mountains, and increasing so as to become a great
trec : (AHIn, M, TA :) n. un. with 8 : (AHn,
M, Msh, Ķ :) IDrd says, I think it an adventitious
word, although used by the Arabs, and occurring
in chaste poetry. (M, TA.)
اوف
and أَوْفٌّ .inf. n , تَؤُوفُ .aor ,آَقَتِ البلاد .1
(,TA) وأُؤُوفٌّ M,) or) ,أُوُوُقْ M, TA) and) آنَةٌ
The country, or countries, had therein what is
termed así [i. e. a blight or blast or the lihe, or
a pest or plague or the like]. (M, TA.) And
Kg) or) والزّوعُ Ibn Buzurj, T,) or) , إِيفَ الطَّعَامُ
(,with the verb in the pass. form, (Mab ,الشَّىْء
like JJ, (K,) The wheat, or sced-produce, or
thing, became uffected, or smitten, with what is
termeil así [i. c. a blight, blast, taint, canker, or
the like]. (T,K, Mob.) And ◌ُوآَفَ القَوْم (M, TA,)
and baigi, (K,) thus in a correct copy of the 'Eyn,
(TA,) and take!, (Lth, T, K,) and Isi, (K, TA,)
[in the CK وأُقِفُوا]) and إِقُوا, (Lth, T, K, [in the
CK byli,1) the last, namely, lol, with the I termed
ale, having a quiescent letter [i. e. [s] rendered
appareut by utterance but not by writing, between
it and the 3, (T, K," [in which is a strange
سَاكِنْ بَيَّنَهُ اللَّفْظُ لَا الخَطَّ omission, of the words
as in the T, or سَاكِنَةُ يُبَيّنُها الخ as in the TA,]
TA,) The people became affected, or smitten, with
what is termed aff [i. e. a pest or plagne or the
like]. (Ltlı, T, M, K.) Ltha says, in this case one
sny's ljet, and in one dial. Life !: (T:) in several
copies of his book, in one dial. LJiji, with two
distinet Us, of which the former is with teshdced :
but in some copics as mentioned just before. (Sgh,
TA.)
aff [A llight, blast, taint, canker, discase, bane,
pest, plague, or the like; any evil affection; an
evil; a cause of mischief or harm or injury ; any-
thing that is noxious or destructive; a calamity ; ]
i. q. aste ; (Ş, Mab, Ķ;) i. e. (Msb, [in the Ķ
"or,"]) an accident that mars, or corrupts, that
which it affects, or befalls, or smites : (T, M, O,
Msb, Ķ:) pl. SGf. (Msb, K.) [See 1.] One
Bays, ◌ُآَلَهُ الظَّرْفِ الصَّلْفُ وَآَفَةُ العِلْمِ النَّسْيَان [The baue
of elegance in manners, or the like, is the over-
passing the due limits therein, and arrogating to
oneself superiority therein, through pride; and
the bane of science is forgetfulness]. (T.) And it is
آلَةُّ الحَديثِ الْكَذِبُ وَآَفَةُ العِلْمِ النّسْيَانُ ,.said in a trad
[The bane of discourse is lying; and the bane of
science is forgetfulness]. (TA.) And hence the
saying, ◌ُهُلِّ شَىْْ آَفَةً وَلِلْعِلْمِ آفات [To everything
there is a bane; andl to science there are banes].
(TA.)
Jj, (Ks, T, S, M, Msb, Ķ,) originally
(,Ibn-Buzug, T, K) ,مَثِيفٌ ٢ Mel),) and) , مَأْؤُوفٌ
Affecteil, or smitten, with what is termed all ;
(T, S, M, &c .; ) applied to wheat, (Ks, Ibn-
Bazurj, T, M,) or sced-produce, (S, K,) &c.
(Msb.)
. مَؤُوفٌ BCc : مَئِيفٌ
. وقى .Be0 art : أُوْقِيَّةٌ
اوق
اول
1. Ji, aor. J,f., (T, S, M, &c.,) inf. n. jji
(T, M, Mgh, Mab, K) and JŪ (M, Ķ) and
JU, which last is used as a subst. in relation to
objects of the mind, (Mab,) and aj,ijf [liko
; رجع .TA,) Ile, or it, returned; syn) , [دَيْمُومَةٌ
(T, Ş, M, Mgh, Msb, Ķ ;) and Sức; (T;) [and
he resorted; (see an instance voce JE1;)] ad! to
it; (M, K;) namely a thing [of any kind; the thing,
or place, whence he, or it, originated, or came; his,
or its, origin, or source; his, or its, original state,
condition, quantity, weiglit, &c .; any place; and
a former action, or saying, or the like : seo ce),
by which, as the explanation of Ji, may be meant
to be implied some other significations, here fol-
lowing, which these two verbs linve in common] :
(M :) and auf Ji he (a man, M) returued,
or reverted, from it. (M, K.) ___ From Ji as
قُلَانْ يَؤُولُ إِلَى كَرَمِ ,is the phrase رجع syn. with
[meaning either Such a one returns to generosity,
عدة كرام is used in the sense of كرم or, as
referuble tu generous, or noble, ancestors]. (TA.)
[And hence the phrasc,] ◌ِآلَ إِلَيْهِ بِنَسَب [He bore
a relation to him, as a member to a hend, by
hiudred], and By [by religion]. (Ibn-'Arafch.)
مَنْ صَامَ الدّهْرَ فَلَا ,.And the saying, in a trad
,i. c. 1 [Me who fasts ever, or alnuys ,صَامَ وَلَا آَلَ
may he neither fust] uor return to what is good.
; أَفْطَرَ I find آل for , دهر .TA. [In the Mgli, art)
and it is there said that this is an imprecation
uttered by the Prophet, lest a man should believe

120
اول
[BOOK I.
this kind of fasting to be ordained by God; or,
through impotence, should become insincere ; or
because, by fasting all the days of the year, he
would do so on the days on which fasting is
forbidden. See other readings voce Vi in art.
آلَتِ الضَّرْبَةُ إِلَى ,Hence also the saying - ([.الو
UJJ, meaning t The blom, or strohe, resulted
in destroying life; in slaying, or killing. (Mgh.)
- Hence also, آلَ الأَمْرُ إِلَى كَذَا [The afair,
or case, became ultimately reduced to such a state,
or condition ; came to such a result ; came to
طَبَخْتُ الشّرَابَ ,be thus]. (Muh.)_ Ience also
,I coohed the wine, or beverage فَآَلَ إلَى قَدْرِ كَذَا
and it became reduced (ce)) to such a quantity.
He طَبَخَهُ حَتَّى آلْ إِلَى الثُّلُثِ أَوِ الرَّبْع And (.؟)
cooked it (namely Je [i. e. must, or mcad, or
wort, ]) until it became reduced (c)) to the
third, or to the fourth : (T:) or, said of the
same, (Mgh,) or of medicine, (TA,) Ji
((TA) , إِلَى مَنّ وَاحِدٍ Mgh,) or) , المَنَّانِ مَنَّ وَاحِدًا
until twice the quantity, or weight, of a
became [reduced to] (َصَار) one ◌ّمَن .(Mgh.)-
[Honce also, مَجَازُ الأول The proleptic, or antici-
pative, trope ; as Jeas applied to "a young
camel" before it is weaned, because it is to be
, آلَ الشَّيْءُ [,.weand.]- [And hence also, app
inf. n. Jo, The thing [became reduced in quan-
tity or size ; ] decreased; diminished; or became
defective, or deficient. (M, Ķ.) And " Ji
Just The flash of the she-ramel went away, so
that she became lean, or slender and lean, or lean
and lanh in the belly. (T, K.) ___ Ji, (T, S, M,
K,) inf. n. Jgl (T, M, K) and Jul, (M, Ķ,)
is also said of tar, (T, S, M,) and of honey, ($,)
and of milk, (M,) and of wine, or beverage,
(TA,) and of urine, (M,) or of the urine of
camels that have been contented with green pas-
ture instead of water, at the end of their being in
that state, (T,) and of oil, (M, K,) and other things,
(K,) as meaning It became thick : (T, S, M, Ķ:)
said of milk, it thickened and coaguluted : (M :)
said of wine, or beverage, it thickened, and
became intoxicating in its utmost degree : (Az,
TA :) and snid of oil, it attained its full perfume,
or sncetness of odour, by being well prepared
مَا لَكَ تَؤُولُ إِلَى كَتِفَيْكَ - (.or compounled. (T
[written in the TA without any vowel-signs, app.
meaning 1 What ailetk thee that thou shruggest
thy shoulders? lit., drawest thyself together to
thy two shoulder-hlades?] is said [to a man] 15!
-when he draws himself to] أَنْضَمْ إِلَيْهِمَا وَأَجْتَمَعَ
gether to them, and contracts himself]; and is
a tropical phrase : so says Z. (TA.)_3. Ji
He escaped, or became safe or secure, from
such a one: a dial. var. of Jij: (T, K:) of the
dinl. of the Angar. (TA.) ___ You say also, Ji,
aor. ◌ُيَؤُول ;(T,Meb;) or ◌َأُول , aor. ◌ُيَأْوَل ; (K ;)
meaning He, or it, preceded ; went before ; was,
or became, before, beforehand, first, or foremost ;
(T, Myb, Ķ ;) anıl came: (Mb:) with this, also,
Ji, is syn .; and from it [says Az] is most pro-
bably derived Jsi, so that its original form is Jall :
[or, as Fei says,] hence is derived the phrase,
used by the vulgar, ◌ُالعَشْرُ الأوّل with fet-b to the
hemzeh [as meaning " the first, or preceding, ten
,الأولى pl. of , الأول nights of the month)," for)
fcm. of J,yt; but this is generally regarded as
being originally Ji,yı, from Ji,]. (M.b.)=
Jf : see 2. __ Accord. to Lth, (TA,) 22i, (M,
Ķ,) aor. Ligi, inf. n. J;l, (TA,) signifies I
made it (namely, milk, M, or oil &c., Ķ) to
thicken, (M, K,) and to coagulate ; (M ;) the
verb being both intrans. and trans .: (K:) but
Az says that it is not known as trans., in this
sense, in the language of the Arabs [of the classi-
cal ages]. (TA.)= , Ji, (S, M, M$b, Ķ,)
a0r. يَؤُول, inf. n.ْ؟) أَوْل) and ◌ٌ؟) , إِيَال,M,K,)
of which the simple subst. is au!, (S,. Meb,)
IIe (a prince or commander, $, or a king, M, Ķ)
ruled, or governed, his subjects ; presided over
their affairs, as commander or governor ; (S, M,
Msb, Ķ ;) and did so well: ($:) and wie Ji,
inf. n. J,t and Jeg and Jel, [or this last, as
said above, is a simple subst., ] he presided over
them ; held command, or authority, over them;
(M, Ķ;) namely, a people, or company of men ;
(K;) or, over their affairs. ('TA.) It is said
in a prov., (M,) قَدْ أَلْنَا وَإِيلَ عَلَيْنًا (T,S,M) We
have ruled and been ruled ; (T;) me hare pre-
sided and been presided orer. (M.) __ al. Ji,
(T, S, M, * Msb, Ķ,) inf. n. JU!, (T, Mah,) He
put into a good, or right, state, or condition, and
managedl, or tended, his Jlo [meaning cattle];
(T, Ş, M,* K;) as also JLSt [written with the
(:؟): ايتيّالْ.K,) inf. n), [إيتَالَهُ disjunctive alif
or he managed his camels, and his sheep or goats,
in such a manner that they throve, or became
in a good state or condition, hy his management.
(Msb.) Lebeed describes a female singer
.
بِمُوَتَّرٍ تَأْتَالُهُ(٢ إِبْهَامُهَا
.
(T, S,) meaning with a stringed lute, (EM
p. 169,) which her thumb adjusts; (S, EM ;)
from Eff, (T, §,) signifying I put into a good,
right, or proper, stute, or condition. (T. [But
sce another reading in the first paragraph of art.
-meaning I com آلْتُ الشَّيْء ,You say also ([.اوى
posed, or collected together, the thing, and put
it into a good, right, or proper, stute, or condi-
أَوَّلَ اللهُ عَلَيْك ,tion : and some of the Arabs say
Spel, i. e. May God compose for thee thinc.
affair : and, by wny of imprecation, ali Jsi ý
Als die [ Muy God not compose for him his
discomposed, disorganized, deranged, or unsettled,
uffair, or affairs]. ('T.)-Jyyt Esi, inf. n.
Jsi and Je!, also signifies I drove the camels :
(M :) or, accord. to the T, I bound the camels'
udders with the صَرَرْتُهَا) أَصِرَة) until the time of
milking, when I loosed them. (TA.)
TA,) He) , تَأْوِيلٌ.M, K,) inf. n) ,أوَّلُهُ إِلَيْهِ .2
returned it (namely, a thing, M) to him, or it;
he made it, or caused it, to return to him, or it ;
آله and (: رَجَعَهُ M,K :in the CK): رَجَعَه .syn
also signifies the same; syn. 03 ;. (TA.) You
say, ◌َأُوَّلَ اللهُ عَلَيْكَ ضَالَّتَك May God restore to
thee thy stray ; (T," TA ;) cause it to return to
thee; (TA;) bring together thee and it. (T.)
And أولتُهُ إِلَى كَذَا I caused him, or it, to come
to such a state or condition ; brought, or reduced,
him, or it, thereto ; syn. alt fysio. (T.)_See
also 1, near the end of the paragraph, in two
places. just also significs The discovering,
detecting, revealing, developing, or disclosing, or
the explaining, expounding, or interpreting, that
to which a thing is, or may be, reduced, or that
which it comes, or may come, to be : ($, O, TA:)
you say, ◌ُأوَّلْتُه , inf. n. ◌ٌّتَأْوِيل ; and " ◌ُتَاوَلْتُه , inf. n.
JEG; in one and the same sense : and hence the
saying of El-A ashà :
عَلَى أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَأُوُّل٢ُ
·
تَأُوُّلَ(٢ رِبْعِّ السّقَابِ فَأَصْحَبًا
($:) or - JOU : (so in a copy of the T: [the
former word being, accord. to this reading, a
contraction of Jjus; but this docs not altogether
agree with what here follows: ]) AO says, - J;t
mcans تَفْسِيرُهُ وَمَرْجِعَه :[i.c., the explunation of
her love, or of the (poet's) love of lier, and the
state, or condition, to which it eventually came,
is this :] (S:) it was small in his heart, and
censed not to grow until it became great; like as
the little young camnel [born in the season called
¿+), or in the beginning of the breeding-time,]
ccses not to grow until he becomes grent like his
mother, (T," $,) and has a son accompanying
him : ($:) [or] agi and Yaju, (M, Ķ,) inf. n.
of the former as above, (K,) when said of lan-
ruage, signify دبره وَقَدْرَه وَفَسْرَه The considcred its
emil, or what it might be to which it led or pointed,
and compared one part of it with auother, and
then explained, or expondeil, or interpreted, it]:
(M, Ķ :) hence, [if the explanation in the M and
K be meant to denote three distinet meanings,
which I do not think to be the case,] it would
sccm as though jest and je & were syn .; but
accord. to other authorities, they differ : (TA :)
[Az says,] accord. to Ahmad Ibn-Yahya, these
two words and معنى arc all one: but تأويل sccms
to me to signify the collecting the mcanings uf
dubious expressions by such expression as ix clear,
or plain, without dubiousness : or, accord. to Lth,
it is the interpreting of language that has different
menvings; and this cannot be rightly done but by
an explanation which changes the expression; as
nlso J5G: (T:) or the turning a verse of the
Kur-án from its apporent meaning to a meuning
which it bears, or admits, when the latter is
agreeable with the Scripture and the Sunnch : for
instance, in the words of the Kur [vi. 95, &c.],
if the meaning be [thus ويُخْرِجُ الْحَىَّ مِنَ المِّّتِ
explained] " He produceth the bird from the egg,"
this is ja 5: and if [it be explained as meaning]
" He produceth the believer from the unbeliever,"
or " the knowing from the ignorunt," this is
Je,G : Bo says Ibn-El-Kemal: (TA :) [hence,
although it may often be rendered by interpreta-
tion, like yes, it more properly signifies the
rendering in a manner uot according to the letter,
or overt sense; explaining the covert, or virtual,

127
BOOK I.]
meaning ; interpreting in a manner not according
to the obvious meaniny : ] or the reducing a thing
to its ultimate intent, whether it be a saying or
an action : (Er-Raghib, TA :) or juju significs
the " discovering, detceting, revealing, or dis-
closing, what is meant by a dubious expression ;"
and Je5G, the reducing one of two senses, or
interpretations, which an expression bears, or
admits, to that which suits the apparent meaning :
(L and Ķ in art. jus, and TA in that and in the
present art. : ) or the former signifies the "ex-
pounding, explaining, or interpreting, the narra-
tives which occur collected without discrimination
in tho Kur-an, and making known the significa-
tions of the strange words or expressions, and
explaining the occasions on which the verses were
revealed ;" and the latter, the explaining the
meaning of that which is alife, [or what is
equivocal, or ambiguous,] i. e., what is not under-
stood without repeated consideration. (TA : [in
which are some further explanations; but these
add nothing of importance. ]) __ [ Hence, UAli Jși,
in grammar, Hle rendered a word, or an expres-
sion, or a phrase, in grammatical analysis, by
another word, or expression, or phrase.] ___ And
[hence likewise, ] JegU signifies also The interpre-
tation, or explanation, of a dream ; the telling the
final sequel, or result, thereof: (M, Ķ :) as in
the Kur xii. 101. (M.) ___ It is also used [as a
simple subst. ] to signify The end, issue, result, or
final sequel, of a thing; syn. ale; (Bu in iv. 62
and xvii. 37;) or "JE .; (Jel in the same places;)
وَمَا ,[5 .as in the Kur [iii ;مصير and ,مرجع or
,But none knowcth the end] يَعْلَمُ تَأْوِيلُهُ إِلَّ اللهُ
&c., thereof, except God]: (A'Obeyd, T:) or
this phrase menns, but none knoweth when will be
the resurrection, and to what the case will even-
tually come, (T, M,) when the hour shall arrive,
(TA,) except God: (T, M:) so says Aboo-Is-huk:
(T:) and in like manner, [in the Kur vii. 51,]
means Do they wait for هَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا تَأْوِيلَهُ
aught save the result to which their case will come
by the resurrection ? (Aboo-Is-hak, T, M :) or,
the result to which it will come (Bd, Jel) in the
manifestation of its truth by the appearance of
the promises and threats of which it has told?
(Bd:) in like manner, also, the saying, abi 155/5
means The fcar of God is best in أَحْسَنُ تَأوبلا
respect of result ; syn. ask. (TA.)
5: see 2, in the former half of the paragraph,
in six places. - ◌َتأوّل فِيهِ الخَبر He discovered in
him the existence of good, or goodness, from its
outward signs: and he sought, or looked for,
good, or goodness, in him. ('TA.) You say also,
,I sought, or looked for تَأوَّلْتُ فِى فُلانِ الأجْرّ
recompense in (or of or from) such a one. (T.)
8: see 1, nenr the end of the paragraph, in two
places.
10. Gijs JELI He sought the interpretation of
the dream, by consideration. (TA in art. i ~~. )
Ji A man's JAf [or family]; (T, S, M, Msb,
K;) i. e. his relations: (Mgb:) his ine [or
kinsfolk ; or nearer, or nearest, relations by
اول
descent from the same father or ancestor; &c.] ;
from Jal as signifying .), because recourse is
had to them in all affairs : (Har p. 578:) and his
household; ($, TA;) the people of his house :
(Msb:) and his followers; (Ş, Msb, Ķ;) in-
cluding soldiers : ($, TA :) and his .Q;i [i. e.
friends, and the lihe]: (K :) those who bear a
((مَنْ آَلّ إِلَيْهِ) ,relation to him, as members to a head
by religion or persuasion or kindred; as in the
Kur iii. 9 and viii. 54 and 56 &c. : (Ibn-' Arafeh :)
[or in these and many other instances, it may be
rendered people :] but in general it is not used
save in relation to that in which is eminence, or
,آَلُ الإِسْكَافِ ,nobility; so that one does not say
like as one says ALI: (K:) and it is peculiarly
used as a prefix to the proper names of rational
beings ; not to indeterminate nouns, nor to nouns
; آلُ فُلان ,of places or of times; so that one says
آلُ مَوْضِعَ nor ,آلُ زَمَانِ كَذَا nor ,آلُ رَجُلٍ but not
أَهْلُ زَمَانِ and ,أَهْلُ رَجُلٍ] ,like as one says ,ِكَذَا
(:TA): مَوْضع كَذَا لand أَهْلُ بَلَدِ كَذَا [and ,كَذًا
Ks disallows its being prefixed to a pronoun ; 80
that one should not say, di, but Al; but his
opinion in this matter is not correct : it is origi-
nally Jol; the , being changed into 1, (M,"
Msb,) as in JÚ [which is originally Ja3]: so
say some: (Msb:) or it is originally JAI, (T,
M, Msb, Ķ,) then Jli, and then Ji: (Ķ :) so say
some, arguing thus from its having Jal for its
dim .: (T, Msb:) but accord. to Ks, it assumes
the form Just as a dim. : (T:) or each of these
is its dim. (M, K.) By the Ji of the Prophet
are meant, accord. to some persons, His followers,
whether relations or others : and his relations,
whether followers or not : (Ahmad Ibn-Yahya,
T:) or, as some say, his family (alni [q. v.]) and
his wives : [but it seems to be indicated that what
I have rendered " and his wives" is meant as an
explicative adjunct to alal :] or, as some say, the
people of his religion : (Esh-Shafi'ee, T:) being
himself asked who were his Ji, he answered all
pious persons : (Anas, TA :) but in a trad. in
which it is said that the poor-rates are prohibited
to him and to luis Ji, by this is meant those to
whom was appropriated the fifth [of the spoils]
instead of the poor-rates; and these were the
genuine descendants of Hashim and El-Muttalib.
(Esh-Shifice, T.) - ◌ٍيَا لَزَيْد and ◌ٍيَالَ زَيْد, accord.
to the Koofees, are contractions of ; Juro
family of Zeyd]. (Mughnce, on the letter J;
and El-Ashmoonee on the Alfceyeh of Ibn-Malik,
section zusyl. [See the letter J.])_ [See
also 11 = [.إِيلَة.q. شخص [meaning The body,
or corporeal forin or figure or substance, (of any-
thing, as is said in the T,) which one secs from a
distance; or, in this case, often, though not always,
the person, or self]; (AA, T, S, M, K;) of a
man : a metaphorical application, from Ji as
signifying JAl and Bude; because comprising
the members and the senses. (Har p. 578.)_
Sometimes, it is redundant, or pleonastic; [being
only used for the sake of metre in -verse, or to
-
give more force to an expression;] as in the
following instance :
·
أَُاقِى مِنْ تَذَكُّرٍ آلٍ تَبْلَی
.
كُمَا يَلْقَى السَّلِيمُ مِنَ العِدَادِ
[I experience, from remembrance of Leylà, or of
Leyla's person or self, the like of what the person
bitten or stung by a venomous reptilo experiences
from the paroxysm of pain occasioned by the bite
or sting]. (TA.) [See also another ex., voce
وشَخْصَ Liko] - [.مزمار and another, voce ; جَابٌ
it seems to be sometimes applied to Any material
thing that is somewhat high, and conspicuous :
and hence, perhaps, the signification next follow-
ing.] - ◌ِمَا أَشْرَفَ مِنَ الْبَعِير [app. mcaning The
overtopping, or higher, part, or parts, of the
camel]. (M, K.) ___ A [tent of the kind called]
And. (M.). The poles of the ach; (M, Ķ ;)
as also Vali; of which the pl. is Sýi: (K:) or
Y aff is the sing. of Ji and Syf, [or n. un. of the
former and pl. of the latter,] which signify the
pieces of wood (SLA ) upon which the ange is
raised, or constructed : and licence Kutheiyir
likens tho legs of his she-camel to four Syi of
the [wood of the tree called] ff. (§.) __ The
pieces of mood (, T, M, K) of [or tents],
(M,) stripped [of the tent-cloths]. (T, TA.) __
Also, [app. because rising from tho general sur-
face of the ground,] The extremities and sides of
a mountain. (M, Ķ.") == The ~~ [or mirage] :
(As, T, M, Ķ :) or peculiarly applied to that which
is in the first part of the day, (K,) as though
raising figures seen from a distance (Joye2),
and making them to quiver : (TA :) or that
which one sees in the first part of the day, and in
the last part thereof, as though raising figures
seen from a distance (Joys "); not the same as
: سراب or what resembles the (: ) : سراب the
(Msb:) or, as some say, that which is in the
[or early part of the day when the sun is
yet low], like water between the sky and the earth,
[in appearance] raising figures seen from a dis-
tance (Jogr ), and making them to quiver ;
whereas the >> is that which is at mid-day,
[apparently] cleaving to the ground, as though
it were running water : Th says, the Ji is in the
first part of the day : (M :) As says that the Ji
and the ly are one : but others say that the
former is from the o [sco above] to the
declining of the sun from the meridian; whereas
the ~ is after the declining of the sun from the
meridian to the prayer of the Nos ; and in favour
of their assertion they urge, that the former [in
appearance] raises everything so that it becomes
what is termed Ji, i. e. yais; for the Ji of
everything is its شخص ; and that the سواب [in
appearance] lowers every or _ in it so that it
becomes [as though it wore] cleaving to the
ground, having no es : Yoo says, tho Arabs
say that the Ji is from the ajse [or period be-
treen the prayer of daybreak and sunrise] to the
time when the sun is very high, or near the meri-
dian ; then it is called >>> for the rest of the
day : ISk says, the Ji is that which [in appear-
ance] raises figures seen from a distance (Joys S),

128
[BOOK I.
and is in the . [explained above]; and the
ly is that which is upon the surface of the
ground, as though it were water, and is at mid-
dny : and this, I [namely Az] say, is what I have
found the Arabs in the desert to say : (T:) El-
Harcerce speaks of the glistening of the Ji; app.
using this word in the sense of !~; for it is the
latter that glistens; not the former : (Har p. 363:)
the word is masc. and fen. (Msb, K.) The
phrase yyl 'ye, ending a verse (S, M) of En-
Nábighah, (M, TA,) i. c. Edh-Dhabyánee, (TA,)
or El-Jnadce, ($,) [variously cited in the $ and M
and TA,] is an instance of inversion ; the meaning
being Jí wx [The Ji raising it] : ($, TA :)
or the meaning is, making the Ji conspicuous
more than it would otherwise be; the agent of
the verb being a prominent portion of a mountain,
which, being itself raised [in appearance] by the
Ji, has the effect of doing this. (M.) == See also
.الى .in art ,اليان the next paragraph. = m And sce
Ejf i. q. Bist [i. e. An instrument; a tool; an
implement ; a utensil: and instruments ; tools ;
implements; utensils ; apparatus ; equipments;
equipage ; accoutrements; furniture ; gear ; tack-
ling ;] (S, M, K) with which one worhs, for
himself or for another : it is both sing. and pl. :
(M, Ķ:) or, (₭,) as some say, (M,) it is a pl.
having no sing. (M, Ķ) as to the letter : (M :)
[but it is very often used as a sing. : ] and the pl.
يَسْتَعْمِلُ ,K.) In the saying of 'Alee ,؟). آَلَاتْ in
lit. He makes use of] آَلَهَ الدِّينِ فِى طَلَبِ الدُّنْيَا
the instrument of religion in sceking the goods of
the present world], t science, or knowledge, is
meant; because thereby only is religion. (M.) ___
[A musical instrument :] a lute ; a musical reed.
or pipe; the [kind of mandoline called] > .....
(TA.) __ The male organ of generation. (TA.)
-- The bier of a corpse. (Abu-l-'Omeythil, $,
M, K.) Thus, accord. to some, in the following
verse, (S, M,) of Kaab Ibn-Zuheyr:
.
·
كُلُّ أَبْنِ أُنْثَى وَإِنْ طَالَتْ سَلَامَتُهُ
يَوْمًا عَلَى آلَةٍ حَدْبَاءُ مَحْمُولٌ
.
.
[Every son of a female, though his health, or
safety, long continue, is one day borne upon a
gibbous bier : for the bier of the Arabs of the
desert was generally composed of two poles con-
nected by a net-work of cords apon which the
corpse lay depressed] : (S, M :) or, as some say,
[in a distressing state, or condition; for, they
say,] di hero signifies ZU. (TA.) ___ Sce also
Ji, in two places, near the middle of the para-
graph. A state, or condition; i. q. at [as
mentioned above] : (T, S, M, K :) pl. [or rather
هُوَ بِآلَةٍ سَوْءٍ ,T,S.) You say) .آل"[.coll. gen. n
[He is in an evil state or condition]. (S.) __
I. q. if [Struitness; dificulty ; distress ; &c. ].
(M, Ķ.)
! sometimes signifies The relations to whom
one goes [or is traced] bach in genealogy. (Ibn-
'Abbad.) [See also Ji.] ___ You say also, 4533)
y! ! I made him to go back, or revert, to
his natural disposition : or, to his [original] stato
or condition. (Ibn-'Abbad.)
اولی - اول
,i, in the gen. and accus.
in , أَلُو Bce : أولى
.الو .art
==. وأل .sco the latter in art : أَوَّلُ fem. of أُولَى
or ,أولئِكَ and ; أولاً : .as a pl., and its var أولى
.إلى .in art , أتى c. : see& ; أُولَائِكَ
Jil A certain idol of [the tribes of ] Bekr
and Teghlib, (K, 'TA,) the two sons of Wail.
(TA.)
jesi dim. of Ji, q. v. (Ks, T, M, Ķ.)
Jy! The vessel, or receptacle, of thickening,
or thick, milh : (M :) [or, accord. to the Ķ, this
seems to be termed Vjel : sec jsi:] or, in which
wine (12), or expressed juice, or what is pressed,
or squeezed, so that its juice is forced unt, or the
like therenf, is made to thichen. (TA.)=[Also
an inf. n. of 1, which see throughout.]
Bú! Rule, or government : (S, MBb:) [accord.
to some, an inf. n. of Ji as a trans. verb : accord.
to others,] a simple subst. (Msb.)
Jsf and its variations &c., sce art. Ji, : some,
on account of difference of opinion from others
respecting its radical letters, have mentioned this
word in the present art. (TA.)
last ,آئِلْ and sce also =: إِيَّلْ nce: أَبِّلْ
sentenec.
JE1: sco Jeg := and see also Jei, in four
places; and JU !.
Jet and Will (T, S, Mgh, Mgh, Ķ, the first
and third and fourth in art. Jul) and Jel, (T,
Ķ,) the last on the authority of IAar, (TA,) hut
A 'Obeyd says that it is Jet, with kesr, (T,) and
this is the approved form, (TA,) The [animal
called] وَعَل :(K:) or the male وعل ; (ISh, T,
S, Mgh, MẸb;) i. e. the mountain-goat : (Msb :)
accord. to some, (S,) what is called in Persian
Sj3; (S, Mgh;) by which word Sh explains
the word JE !: ISh says, it is the animal that is
very wide between the horns, and bulky, like
the domestic bull: (T:) [sco ◌ِبَقَرُ الوَحْش in art.
:] and Lth says, it is called thus because it
resorts (J353) to the mountains : sometimes the
LS is changed into : the fem. is of the same
three forms with a : (TA :) and the pl. is Jout
[like ◌ُسَيَائِد pl. of ◌ْسَيَد] .(Lth, T, Mgh, Msb.)-
See also Jsi, in two places.
Jsf [act. part. n. of 1 in all its senses : and
thus, particularly,] Thichening, or thich ; (T, S,
M, TA ;) applied to the urine of camels that
have been contented with green pasture instend
of water, at the end of their being in that state;
(T;) or to milk, (S, M, TA,) and to oil, and
other things, such as tar, and honey, and wine,
or beverage: (TA:) pl. * jul: (S, M:) which
last word [in one copy of the M written Jet,
but this I think a mistranscription,] signifies also
the remains of thickening, or thick, milk; or,
as some say, the [seminal] water in the womb :
(M:) or this same word (JSf) has the last of
these significations; and also, [as a sing. epithet,]
the first of the meanings explained in this para-
graph ; as also Jei, applied to milk ; (Ķ ;) or to
milk thickening, or thick, and mixed; uot exces-
sively thick, but in a somewhat good degree, and
changed in its flavour : (AHat, TA :) or it [app.
Jel, as in the TK,] signifies the vessel, or recep-
tacle, thereof; (K ;) [a meaning assigned in the
M to JUL;] in which milk thichens : (TA :)
Sh says that "Je! signifies the milh of the Joul
[pl. of Jeg]; and so says AA : but AHeyth says
that this is absurd; and that the right word is
jel, having the signification first explained in
this paragraph, i. c. thickening, or thich, milk :
En-Nadr says that "jeg signifies thich urine of
she-goats of the minmtain; which, when drunk
by a woman, excites her venercal faculty : (T :)
or this last word is used to signify milk of an
JE!, which is said to strengtlicu in the venereal
faculty, and to fatten, as Ibn-Habeeb asserts ;
and Ji, which he affirms to be wrong, is a dial.
var. thereof; and it may also be a quasi-pl. n.
thereof : (M :) as a pl. [of Ji], applied to milk,
"El is extr. in two respects ; as a pl., of this
form, of an epithet not applied to an animal; and
إِنَّهُ لَائِلُ مَالٍ = (.IJ, M). أوّلْ as being regularly
ad J& jVl Verily he is a good manager, or
temaler, of cuttle, or cumels, or the like. (M, TA.)
J.,U usedl as a simple subst. in the sense of ajste
&c. : sec 2, last sentence.
JE inf. n. of Ji, in two senses pointed out
above. (M,K, TA.)-[Hence, مَالُهُ إِلَى كَذَا His,
or its, return, or course, or transition, is to such
a state or condition. ] == Also, [ns a noun of place
&c.,] i. q. čer [as signifying A place, and
a state, or condition, to which a person, or thing,
returns ; and, to which he, or it, ultimately, or
eventually, comes]. (TA, [where this is given as
a signification not mentioned in the Ķ ; so that
Cey is not here used as an inf. n .: it is, more-
over, a signification well known. ]) Sce also 2,
last sentence. . A refuge : applied in this sense
to God. (Har p. 361.)
IIc is ruler, oF هُوَ مُؤْتَّالْ لِقَوْمِهِ مُقْتَالْ عَلَيْهِمْ
governor, of his peuple ; a possessor of dictator-
skip over them, or of authority over them to
judge or give judgment or pass sentence or decide
julicially. (A, TA.)
app. This is a good discovery] هُذَا مُتَأَوَّلْ حَسَنْ
made from outwurd signs]. (TA, where it im-
mediately follows ◌َتأوّلَ فِيهِ الخَيْر with its explana-
tions given above.)
JE' : see its verb. . [ Sometimes it signifies]
Veracious : opposed to Jako. (Har p. 256.)
اولو
in أُكُو scc = أُولى .in the gen. and accus , أُولُو
.الو .art
اولی
=. وأل .see the latter in art : أوَّلُ fem. of أُولَى

129
Book I.]
or ,أولئك and ; أولاء .as a pt., and its var أولى
.الى .in art ,أتى c .: see& ; أُولَائِكَ
اوم
2,1 for Sli: see art. Al.
اون
He was, or , أَوْنُ .Inf. n , يَؤُونُ .aor ,آَنّ .1
became, at rest, or at case; he rested in a journey.
(IApr, T.) __ Efi, aor. and inf. n. as above, I
enjoyed a life of ease and plenty ; a state of
freedom from trouble or inconvenience, and toil
or fatigue ; a state of ense, repose, or tranquil-
lity. (AZ, T, S, M, Ķ.) ___ I was, or became,
grave, staid, steady, sedate, or calm. (Ş, Ķ.) ___
I mas, or became, gentle; or I acted gently :
(T, S, M, Msb, K :) and I acted, or procceded,
with moderation, without haste or hurry, in pace
or journeying : (M :) I went gently, softly, or
in a leisurely manner : (S, K :) 3;] [the inf. n.]
is formed by substitution [of i for .] from 39.
I ,عَلَى الشَّيْ and ,أَنْتُ بِالشَّيْءٍ ,You Rmy (.؟)
was gentle, or I acted gently, with the thing;
(M ;) and ◌ِفى الآمْر in the affuir. (Mgh.) And
Act thou gently with thyself, or أَنْ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ
be thou gentle, in pace or journeying: and proceed
thon with moderation, without haste or hurry:
(T, S:) said in the latter sense to one who has
become unstendy, or irresolute. (T.) [In like
manner,] you smy, ◌َأَوِّنْ عَلَى قَدْرِك , meaning
,app. Act thou with moderation] اتَّبْدُ عَلَى نَحْوِكَ
gentleness, deliberation, or in a leisurely manner,
according to thine ability, or to the measure of
thine ability ; for juf and je5 are both syn.
أَوِّنُوا ◌ْ فِى سَيْرِكُمْ T,K.) And). [مِقْدَارْ with
Proceed ye with moderation in your course or
تَأَوَّنَ فى pace or journeying. (ISk, T.) And
y He paused, or mas patient, in the affair.
(M.) = gi also signifies The being weary, or
fatiguedl ; like Ji. (M.) [Whether, in this
sense, it have a verb, is doubtful : see its syn.
here mentioned.] ___ Also The putting oneself to
trouble, or inconvenience, for the sahe of what one
may expriul upon himself and his family. (M.)
And hence, accord. to one [whose name is im-
perfectly written in the TA], the word vijf:,
[as being originally E;l.,] of the measure aldi's:
but others say that it is of the mensure ai,23,
from ◌ُمَأَنْت . (TA.)= ◌َآنَ أَوْنُك and ◌َأَوَانُك [and
[.اين .signify the same. (M.) [See art [أيْتُكَ
2 : sce 1, in two places.
5: sce 1.
Accord. to] .اين .and its vars .: sec art الاَنَّ
some, it belongs to the present art., in which it
is mentioned in the Mab.]
Gal: see 1 [of which it is the inf. n.] : and
see also what next follows.
,T, M) ,أوَّانْ T,S,M, Meb, K) and) أَوَانْ
Mab, K,) the latter mentioned by Ks on the
authority of Aboo-Jami',' but the former is the
usual mode of pronouncing it, (T,) and ¿; i,
Bk. I.
اوہ۔۔ اولی
(M,) A time; a season : pl. U21; (T, S, M, [ the Mab, the former also,] Any prop, or support,
Mab, Ķ ;) but Sb says SU,i; (M; [so in a
of a thing: (T, Meb :) particularly, a pole of a
إِيوَان T.) - The) . حباه [tent of the kind called]
of the Al [is The headstall of the bridle; and]
.مأن .see 1, and see art: مُؤُونَةٌ
has for its pl. Suige !. (T, K.)
copy of that work ; app. Sugi, as though pl.
of ◌ٌآوِنَّة ;]) and ◌ٌآينّة is syn. with آوِنّة. (AA, T,
K.) You say, ◌ِجَاءَ أَوَانُ البَرْد [The time, or season,
فُلَانْ يَصْنَعُ ذْلِكَ الأَمْرَ of cold came]. (T.) And
([,آئنّةٌ K, [in the CK) ,آَيَنَةُ K,*) and,؟) ,آوِنّةٌ
Such a one does that thing sometimes, leaving
1 and 2: scc 5.
اوه
it undone sometimes. ($, K.") And Lui 25
Ei J I came to him times after times. (AA,
f.) And Ligi signifies Time after time. (TA,
from a trad.) In the saying (of Aboo-Zubeyd, L),
.
طَلْبُوا صُلْحَنَا وَلَاتَ أَوَانٍ
.
(M,) or Ghi!, (L,) [They sought our reconcilia-
tion with thein, but it was not the time that
reconciliation should be sought], accord. to Abu-l-
'Abbás, the tenween of the last word is not a sign
of the genitive case, but is, as in the instance
of 31, heenuse of the suppression of a proposition
to which the word should be prefixcd, as when
you say, ◌ٌجِئْتُ أَوَانَ قَامْ زَيْد I came at the time
that Zeyd stood. (M, L.)-[Hence, Loni At
that time or seuson; then; like JC -. ]
-إيوان and see also ==: أَوَانْ scc: إِوَانْ
¿51 [part. n. of 1:] A man enjoying a life of
case anul plenty ; a state of freedom from trouble
or inconvenience, and toil or fatigue ; a state
of case, repose, or tranquillity. (AZ, T, S, Ķ.)
ربع أئن غير مِنْ غِب [,Hence the saying]~
Jolowas [Au casy, or a gentle, journey in which
the camels are watered only on the first and
fourth days is better than a laborious, or quick,
journey in which they are watered only on the
first and third days]. (TA.) [The fem. is ai:
the pl. of which is ◌ُأوَائِن and ◌ْآئِنَات.] You say,
Between ux and بَيْتَنَا وَبَيْنَ مَثَّةَ ثَلَاثُ تَيَالٍ أَوَائِنُ
Mchkeh are three nights of easy, or gentle, jour-
neying : (S,K :* ) and ◌ْعَشْرُ لَيَالِ اثْنَات ten nights
of easy journeying. (S, M, K.)
T,S, M, Meb, K) [cach] a) إِّانْ and إِيوَانْ
foreign word, [i. e. Persian,] (M,) A chamber,
or an apartment, (T, Msb,) or a large año [i. e.
porch, or roofed vestibule, or the lihe], (S, Ķ,)
similar to au zji [or oblong arched or vaulted
structure, or a portico], (T, Ş, M, K,) or built in
the form of an aji, (Msb,) not closed in the
front, or face: (T, M, Msb :") [and a palace;
often used in this sense in Arabic as well as in
Persian : and in the present day, the former, and
more commonly Sigd, which is Persian, is also
applied to au estrade ; a slightly-raised portion
of the floor, generally extending nearly from the
door to the end, or to each end, of a room :] pl.
of the former, Degli, (T, S, K,) because the sing.
is originally أووان, ($,) and ◌ْإيوَانَات ; and pl. of
إِيَوَانُ كِسْرَى ,T,S,K.) Hence). أون ,the latter
[The great porch, or the palace, of Kisrd, or
Chosroes, who is called ◌ِصَاحِبُ الإِيوَان] .(T, S,
Msb.) . Also the latter, [and app., accord. to and by Je. (TA.) [Sce also 21 in art. ,l.]
5. JU; (S, Mgh, Mab, Ķ;) and Vasi, ($, Mgh,
K,) inf. n. 230; ($, K;) and Vai, inf. n. a,l;
(K;) He said of or ogl &c. [i. e. Ah! or alas !];
(S, Mgh, K ;) he moaned; or uttered a moan, or
moaning, or prolonged voice of complaint; (8,
TA ;) i.g. ◌ْتوجّع .(Meb.)
ei, (Az, Ş, Msb, Ķ, &c.,) as also ei, (IAmb, K,)
and Li, and Vasi, (TA,) and Vogl, ($, Mab, Ķ,) and
Yogi, (ISd, K,) and Yogi, (K,) and Vogl, (S,) or
Yogi, (K,) and Vegi, (Hr, Mgh, Mẹb, Ķ,) so in
some copies of the $, but in a copy in the author's
handwriting el, there said to be with medd,
and with teshdeed and fet-h to the ,, and with
the . quiescent, (TA,) [or,] accord. to Aboo-
Tálib, 8,1, with medd, thus pronounced by the
vulgar, is wrong, (T in art. ,1,) and Volgi, and
oggi, [in both of which, and in some other forms
which follow, it is doubtful whether the . be
quiescent or movent, and if movent, with what
vowel,] (TA,) and Ves;i, (K, TA,) or Veggi, but
said by ISd to be with medd, and mentioned by
A Hat as heard from the Arabs, (TA,) and ".G;i,
(Ķ, TA,) or You,i, (CK,) or Vetsi, and Vat; i,
(S, [in one copy of which the . is marked as
quiescent,]) and " .Ēji, (K, TA,) with medd,
(TA,) or Volgi, (CK,) and și, (S, Mşb, K,)
and Ji, and 21, (K, TA,) and tifs, and ol or bts,
(TA,) [Ah! or alas!] a word imitative of the
voice, cry, or exclamation, of the site .; (Az and
TA in explanation of ei;) [i. e.] a word expressive
of pain, grief, sorrow, lamentation, complaint, or
moaning ; (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) denoting the
prolongation of the voice with complaint: (§,
TA, after egl or egl:) sometimes, also, a man
says el from a motive of affection, or pity, or
compassion, and of impatience : (Az, TA :) [and
it is also said that] Wi is a word expressive of
grief or lamentation, or of most intense grief
or lamentation or regret ; [that] it is put in
the accus. case as being used in the manner
of inf. ns. ; and [that] the hemzch is originally
>: but IAth says, Wi is a word expressive of
pain, grief, sorrow, lamentation, complaint, or
moaning, used in relation to evil, like as tig
is used in relation to good : (TA in art. al:)
and egl and pi and ji are cries uttered to horses,
to make thein return. (ISh and TA in art. 1551.
See 2 in that art. in the present work.) You say,
je Je of [Ah, or alas, on account of, or for,
such a thing!]; ($, Msb;) and in like manner,
(,S, TA) ولي and by ,مِنْ c.], followed by&] أَوْه
17

190
[Book I.
idi a subst. from og0; occurring in the saying | (Msb;) the pronoun relating to a place of abode ;
of El-Muthakkib El-'Abdee,
.
·
إِذَا مَا قُمْتُ أَرْحَلَهَا بِلَيْلٍ
.
تَأْوَّهُ آهَةَ الرَّجُلِ الحَزِينِ
[When I arise to saddle her, by night, she moans
with the moaning of the sorrowful man]: (S,
ISd:) ISd says that, in his opinion, the subst. is
here put in the place of the inf. n., i. e. ogG: (TA:)
but some recite the verse differently, saying, ani,
from el meaning: ($:) and some say,
16 .5. (TA.) And hence tho saying, in im-
precating evil on a man, JÚ ini [ May God cause
moaning to thee!], anel JU agi, with the . sup-
pressed, and with teshdced to the ,. (S.) [See
also igl in art. ,l.] And see af above. = = [Also]
Measles : thus in the phrase, used in imprecating
evil on a man, iste; asi [ May God causc] measles
and small-pox [to befall thee]! (Ķ," TA,) men-
tioned by Lh on the authority of Aboo-Khalid.
(TA.)
ogi and ogl and og and ogl &c. : see of.
olgi A man often saying Ah! or alus ! or often
moaning: (Mgh:) or one who says Ah ! or alas!
from a motive of affection, or pity, or compassion,
and fear : or mourning, or sorrowing, much, or
often : (TA :) or compassionate; tender-hearteil :
or often praying, or frequent in prayer : (K,*
TA :) or one who celebrates the praises of God,
or praises Him greatly, or glorifies Him : or who
praises much, or often : or who abases himself, or
addresses himself with earnest supplication, [to
God], confident of his prayer's being answered :
(TA:) or one having certain knowledge (Ķ, TA)
of kis prayer's being answered : (TA:) or inviting
much, or often, to what is good : (TA :) or skilled
in the law : or a believer; so in the Abyssinian
language : (K :) occurring in the Kur [ix. 115
and xi. 77]. (TA.) =See also of.
: أُوه and ,آوُوهُ or ,أَوُوهُ
oj, or stijl, or du, and out : see of.
: آوَيَّاه or ,أَوِيَّهُ
' [ Saying Ah! &c .: (scc the verb :) and]
abasing himself; or addressing himself with ear-
nest supplication [to God]. (TA.) [Sce also
. -
[.آواه
اوی
, أوّاهُ T,S,M, Mgh, Meb, K,) and) ,أَوَى إِلَيْهِ .1
(M, Mẹh, K,) aor. 1594, (T, S, Mgb,) imperative
¿! , (T,) inf. n. Lại, (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,)
with damm, (K,) of the measure Ja's, [originally
(,Fr, M, K,) with kesr, (K) ,إوى and (,؟) [,أُوُوُىْ
and :أوا ; (S;) and أوى إليه, (M, K,) inf. n.
وأَأُتْوَى M, K ;) and) ; تأوّى I ;) and); تَأْوِيَّةٌ
(thus [more commonly انتوى] accord. to a copy
of the M,) or واتُّوَى (K,) like ◌َوَاتَّخَذ (TK,) and
; افتعل M, K,) both of the measure), اِيَتَوَى)
(TA;) and LS5] is used by some in the same
sense, but rejected, in this sense, by several;
اوى - اوه
(T, Ş, M, Msb, Ķ;) He betook himself to it, or
repaired to it, for lodging, covert, or refuge ;
(Mgh ;) and [simply] he got him or got himself,
betook himself, repaired, or resorted, to it; (T,
Mgh ;) he returned to it; (M;) he took up his
abode in it ; he lodged, or abode, or dwelt, in it.
سَأَوِى إِلَى ,[45 .Meb, K.) Hence, in the Kur [xi)
I will betake myself for] جَبَلٍ يَعْصِمُنِى مِنَ المَاءِ
refuge to a mountain that shall preserve me from
1
the water]. (S.) Syl properly relates to living
beings; but is used otherwise, metaphorically.
(M.) In the saying of Lebeeil,
·
بِصَبُوجِ صَافِيَّةٍ وَجَذْبٍ كُرِينَةٍ
بِمُوَتَّرٍ تَأْتَى ◌ْ لَهُ إِبْهَامُهَا
.
[With a morning-potation of clear wine (
being understood), and a female singer's straining
of her chords, with a stringeil instrument to which
her thumb returns after the straining], he means
أَوَيْتُ إِلَيْهِ from , تَفْتَّعلُ of the mensure , تَأْتَوِى لَهُ
signifying Sse; the , being changed into 1
[written [s], and the Ls, which is the final radical,
being clieled. (M. [But sce another reading near
,أَوَى ([.اول .the end of the first paragraph of art
nor. as above, inf. 1. 531, also signifies He turned
إِذْ أَوَى الفِتَّيّةُ إِلَى الكَهْفِ [,away: and hence, [it is said
[When the young men turned away to the cave :
though the verb may be here well rendered betooh
themselves for refuge]. (Har p. 246.) You say
(18) ,لَهُ A"Ohcyd, T,) or) ,أَوَيْتُ إِلَى قُلَان ,also
afterwards written in a copy of the T,) [I betook
myself to such a one, or repairel to him, for
lodging, covert, or refuye; or] I joined myself,
got myself, betook myself, repaired, or resorted,
to such a one: andl accord. to Alleyth, ,i
Új's signifies the same ; but he did not know
.as explained below آوَيْتُ to be syn. with أوَيْتُ
(T.) And أوَى إِلَى آله Ie returneil unto God.
(TA, from a trad.) -531 said of a wound : sec
5 .== Sce also 4, in seven places. == وأُوَى له (T,
Ş, M, Mgh, Ķ,) like (53), (K, TA,) but it would
have been more explicit if the author of the Ķ
had said like (), (TA,) [as is shown by tho false
,يَأْوِى. nor [,أَوِىّ لَهُ كْرَويّ ,rcading in the CK
(T, Ş, Mgh,) inf. n. g] ($, K) and &], (S, Mgh,
K,) with kcsr, ('TA,) [originally ,[,] the ,
being changed into s because of the kesrch
before it, ($,) or because combined with us wid
preceded by sukoon [a mistake for " kesreh"],
(IB as cited in the 'TA,) [in a copy of the T
written 1, and in a copy of the M and in the CK
i,] and &L., (S, M, K,) without teslidced, ($,
TA,) [in my copy of the Mgh written with tesh-
deed,] and aisto, (S, M, K,) He compassionated
him; felt compassion, or pity, for him; (T, S,
M, Mgh, K;) as also ائتوى, (T,K,) of the
measure Ja3l. (TA.) In using the imperative
form, you say, a 21, [unless this be a mistran-
scription for a >21,] meaning Be thou compas-
sionate to him. (T, TA.)
2 : Bee 1, first sentence := and see 4.
JEJ (ISh, T) [I drew together the horses : this
meaning seems to be indicated in the T, by the
context : or] I called out to the horses ol, in
order that they should return at hearing my
voice : (ISh :) and in like manner one says to
them *ai or ji; (ISh, T, TA ;) a well-known
call of the Arabs to horses; and sometimes si,
with a long meddeh, is saiel to them from afur.
(T, TA.) [See also 5.]
4. ali, (T, S, M, Mglı, Mob, K,) inf. n. dige !;
(T, S, Mgh;) and 1و٢٥١; (K;) and 1واه ; (T,
S, M, Mgh, Msb, K ;) the first of which is the
[most] approved ; (T;) the last used by some ;
(T, Msb;) both given on the authority of AZ,
(§,) and of A 'Obeyd, accord. to whom you sny,
esi, with the short I only; (T, M;) He, or
it, gave him, or afforded him, lodging, corert, or
refuge; harboured him ; shelteredl him; protectail
him; (Mglı ;) he lodged him, or lodged him with
himself ; made him his guest ; or gare him refuge
or asylum, absolutely, or with himself; syn. ajul;
(K;) or 4 ajul. (T, S, TA.) You may also,
I took the man to] آوَيْتُهُ and أَوَيْتُ الرَّجُلَ إِلَىّ
me to louge, to be my guest, or to give kim refuge
or asylum]. (M.) And A bigf [A roof shel-
آوَيْتُها and أويُتُ الإِبلّ tereil him]. (Mgh) And
[ I lodged the camels in their nightly rosting-place];
both meaning the sanie. (T.) And it is snid in a
trad., الحَمْدُ للهِ الَّذِى كَفَانًا وَآَوَانًا i.c. [Praise be
to God who hath sufficeil us and] hath brought
us to u place of ubode for us, and not made us to
be scattered like the beasts. (TA.) AHeyth dis-
allowed ◌ُأويت as syn. will آويت ; but it is correct.
(T.) It is said in a form of divorce, tý
En Ju, [A house, or tent, shall not lodge, or
comprise, me with thee]. (Mgh.) And among
other instances, is the saying of the Prophet, ('T',)
No one will harbour the ] لَا يَأْوِى " الضَّالَّةَ إِلَّ ضَالَّ
stray beast but a person straying from the right
course of conduct]. (T, Mgh.) And his saying,
i. e. [There لَا قَطْعَ فِى ثَمَرٍ حَتَّى يَأْوِیهِ الجَرِینُ
shall be no cutting off of the hand in the case of
stealing fruit] unless the place where the fruit is
dried contain it [at the time of the stealing thereof ].
(TA.)_ Hence, ◌ِإيواً خَشَبِ الفَحْم The throwing
of ilust, or carth, upon the wood of which charcoal
is made, and covering it therewith. (Mgh.) ==
See also 1, first sentence.
5: sce 1, first sentence. - ◌ُتَأَوَّتِ الطَّيْر The
birds collected, or flocheil, together ; (Lth, T, S,
M, Ķ ;) as also S,6 : (K:) the latter is allow-
able. (T.) And in like manner one says of other
things. (M.) [Thus] one says, ◌ُتَأوَّتِ الخَيْل The
horses drew, or gathered, themselves together :
and ◌ُتأوّى النّاس The men ali so. (T.) You say
also, of a wound, تآوى, and أوى, meaning
It drew together, for healing; and so sju, and
Sjl : so in the Nawadir el-Aarab. (T.) == Ono
may also say, 556, without saying it with o,
[i. c. 8902,] meaning He says ogl. (Fr and T in
art. ,1.) [See also 2; and sce art. ogl.]
6 : see 5, in two places.

131
Book I.]
ای- اوی
,and |pious, (Bd, Jel,) or the angels: (Jel:) or that on the latter's relating, in a couplet, that a rider ,ٍإِيتَوَى and ,أَتَّوَّى or ,انتوى or ,اأُتَوَى .8
S for sasti : see 1, first part of the paragraph,
in four places. See also the last sentence but
one of the same paragraph.
10. 2;ET I asked him, or desired him, to
compassionate me, or have mercy on me; syn.
-T.) A poet (namely, Dhu-r-Rum) . اسْتَرْحَمْتُهُ
mch, TA) says,
·
وَلَوْ أَنَّنِى أَسْتَأْوَيْتُهُ مَا أَوَى ◌ِيَا
.
[And if I had asked him, or desired him, to com-
passionate me, he would not have compassionated
me]. (T, S.)
al dim. of : : see the letter I.
și or și : sce 2. 2i [the part. n. of 1] has for
its pl. Sai [like one of the inf. ns. of 1]. (T, S.)
The latter is applied to birds, signifying Collect-
ing, or floching, together ; (T, S, M," K;") syn.
(.Lth, T,S, M, K). مُتَّأَوِّيَّاتْ Itl, T) and) مُتَّأَوِّيّةُ"
a leterminate noun, (S, M,) [The ,أبْنُ آوَى
jackal; vulgarly called in the present day (5219;]
a certain small beust, (M, K,) called in Persian
Jus, ($,) or in that language [or in Turkish]
Jus : (TA:) it has been said to be the offspring
of the wolf; but is well known to be not of the
:ابن is inscparable from آوى (:wolf-kind : (Mub
(M :) it is imperfectly deel., ('T, S, Msh,) being
of the measure Just, (S,) or regarded as such ;
(Lth, T;) or because it has the quality of a proper
name und the measure of a verb: (Mab :) the
pl. is وبَنَاتُ آوَى (T, S, Mwh, K,) though applying
to males [us well as females], like gsel Sly and
(.Alleyth, T) -بَنَاتُ لَبُونٍ
which ; آية said to be rel. ns. of ,أَوَوِىّ und آوِىّ
.اى .sec, in, art
¿T, said by some to be originally al: sec
.اى .art
,M) مَأْوَاةً and ماو٢ M, Meb, K) and,؟) مَأْوَى
K [but respecting these two forms sce what fol-
lows]) nouns of place from the first of the verbs
in this art. ; (M, K ;) [A place to which one
betakes himself, or repairs, for lodging, covert,
or refuge; a refuge; an asylum; a place of
resort ; (see 1 ;)] any place to which a thing
betakes itself, &c., (يأوى إليه) by night or. by
day; (§;) the lodging-place, or abode, of any
animal ; the nightly resting-place of sheep or
goats ; (Meb;) and of camels: (Idein in art.
TU:) You is used peculiarly in relation to
camels: (مٌأَوِى الإِبِلِ (:؟ bcing a dial. var. of
but anomalous, (Fr, T, S, Meb,) and , مَأْوَى الإِيلِ
: مَأَقِى العَيْن the only instance of the kind except
مُؤْقَ and مَأْوَّى ([: ماْق .Fr, T, M: [but sce art)
and 30 are the forms preferred : (Fr, T:) [Az
also says,] I have heard the chaste in speech of
the Benoo-Killb use, for ◌ِمَأَوَى الإبل, the word
,[15 .in the Kur [lifi ,جَنَّةُ المَأْوَى (٦٠). مَأْوَّة )
is said to mean The paradise to which repair the
souls of the martyrs, (M, Bd, Jel, TA,) or the
in which the night is passed. (TA.)
:مَأُوٍ
Bee ماوى, in four places.
ஸ்,ம்: )
.موه .see art: مَاوِيَّةٌ
.آوٍ Bec: مُتَأَوِّيَّةً
ای
2. Qui Ci, [inf. n., by rule, as below,] He put,
or set, a sign, token, or mark, by which a person
or thing might be known. (M.) = Jyy Çi,
(inf. n. igt, Lth, T,) He chid the camels, saying
to them GLI, (Ltlı, T, M, and Ķ in art. [i,) or
(.M,K). يَايَهْ K,) or) , يَايَا M,) or), أَيَايَهْ
5. LG, as a trans. verb : sec 6. == He paused,
stopped, stayed, remained, or tarried, (T, §,
M, K,*) ◌ِبالمكان in the place; (M, K;" [in the
latter explained by ◌ِتَلَبَّثَ عَلَيْه ; but this seems to
be a mistake, arising from the omission of part
of a passage in the M, (one of the chief sources of
تَأْيًا بِالمَكَانِ تَلَبَّثَ وَتَمَكَّثَ ; the K,) running thus
-and confined, re ([; وَتَأَيَا عَلَيْهِ أَنْصَرَفَ فِى تُؤَدّةٍ
stricted, limited, restrained, or withheld, himself.
(T.) In the sense of its inf. n., [by rule st,
; تَّبِيَّةٌ or تَّإِيَّةً or, تَأَيَّة " they said [,تَأَيِّى originally
[thins differently written in different places in
تَيْسَ مَنْزِلُكُمْ.copies of the T and S;] as in the ex
تَيْسَ مَنْزِلُهُمْ هُذَا IA , T,) or) , ثَِّيَّةٍ or بِدَارٍ تَأَيَّةٍ
i. c. Your abode, or this (,$) , تَايَّةٍ or بِمَنْزِلِ تَأَيَّةٌ
your abode, is not an abode of tarriance and
confinement. (IAar, T, S.) ___ He expected, or
waited for, a thing : (Lth, T :) and he acted with
moderation, gently, deliberately, or leisurely ;
without haste; or with gravity, staidness, scdate-
ness, or calmness; (Lth, T,K;) فى الأمر in the
afair; inf. n. ◌ّتَأَي .(Lth, T.) ◌ِتَأَيَّيْتُ عَلَيْه , in
a verse of Lebeed, means I acted with modera-
tion, &c., as above, and paused, stopped, stayed,
remained, or tarried, upon him, i. c., upon my
horse : (T :) or I remained firm upon him :
(TA, as on the authority of Az :) but it is ex-
plained by Lth as meaning I turned away, or
back, deliberately, or leisurely, upon him. (T:
and the like is said in the M.)
((K,؟) , تَأَيَيتُهُ" T,$,M,"K,) and), تَابِيتُهُ .6
I directed my course, or aim, to, or tomards,
(T, S, M,. Ķ,) bis Li, ($, M,) i. c., (M,) his
JARL [or body, or corporeal form or figure or
substance, seen from a distance ; or person]. (T,
M, Ķ.) The following is an ex., as some relate
it, of the former verb; and as others relate it, of
the latter :
اَلْحُمْنُ أَوْلَى لَوْ تَآيَيْتِهِ
مِنْ حَتَّبِكِ التُّرْبَ عَلَى الْرّاكِبِ
.
[ Modest behaviour were more proper, if thou
directedst thy course towards his person, than
thy throwing dust upon the rider] : ($, TA : [in
two copies of the former of which, for Ji, I
find أوْنَى :]) said by a woman to her daughter,
passing along, had seen her, and she had thrown
dust in his face, purposely. (IB.)
si a vocative particle, (S, M, Mughnee, Ķ,)
addressed to the near, ($, K,) not to the distant :
(§:) or to the ncar, or the distant, or the inter-
mediate; accord. to different authorities. (Mugh-
nee.) You say, ◌ْأَىْ زَيْدُ أَقْبِل [O Zeyd, advance :
or, if it may be used in addressing one who is
distant, ho there, soho, or holla: and if used in
addressing one who is between near and distant,
ho, or what ho]: (:) and ◌ّأىْ رَب [O my Lord] ;
occurring in a trad .: and sometimes it is pro-
nounced * St. (Muglince.) == Also an explicative
أَىْ كَذَا ,particle. (S, M, Mughnee, K.) You say
in the sense of يُرِيدُ كَذَا [He means such a thing,
or يَعْنِى كَذَا, which has the same signification;
or ◌ُأُرِيد ,or أعْنِى, I mean; or the like; for all of
which, we may say, meaning; or that is]; (§;)
as in ◌ٌعِنْدِى عَسْجَدْ أَىْ ذَهَب [I have عَسجد, that
is, (I have) was, or gold]. (Mughnee.) What
follows it is an adjunct explicative of what pre-
cedes it, or a substitute. (Mughnee.) AA says
that he asked Mbr respecting what follows it, and
he answered that it may be a substitute for what
precedcs, and may be a word independent of
what precedes it, and may be a noun in the accus.
case: and that he asked Th, and he answered
that it may be an explicative, or a word inde-
pendent of what precedes it, or a noun governed
in the accus. case by a verb suppressed : you say,
;Thy brother came to me] جَاءَنِى أَخُوكَ أَىْ زَيْدٌ
that is, Zeyd]; and you may say, أَىْ زَيْدًا [I
mean Zeyd] : and رَأَيْتُ أَخَالكَ أَىْ زَيْدًا [I sam thy
brother ; I mean, or that is, Zeyd]; and you
مررت that is, Zeyd] : and] أى زيد ,may say
,I passed by thy brother ; that is] بِأَخِيكَ أَىْ زَيْدِ
by Zeyd]; and you may say, 1j isi [I mean,
Zeyd]; and Jj isi [that is, Zeyd]. (T, TA.)
When it occurs after Jyes, in a case like the fol-
lowing, [i. e., when a verb following it explains a
تَقُولُ اِسْتَكْتَمْتُهُ الحَدِيث ,verb preceding it,] one says
(استكتمته الحديث , Thou sayest] أَىْ سَأَلْتُهُ كِتْمَانَهُ
meaning Que AL I asked of him the con-
cealment of it, namely, the discourse, or story;
and so when Jo's is understood, as is often, or
generally, the case in lexicons]; with damm to
the : but if you put It in the place of si, you
say, 3L. 15!, with fet-b, because 131 is an adverbial
noun relating to ◌ُتَقُول .(Muglinee.)=See also
LSI, near the beginning of the paragraph, in three
places.
S! is a particle denoting a reply, meaning
[Yes, or yea] ; importing acknowledgment of the
truth of an enunciation; and the making a thing
known, to him who asks information ; and a pro-
mise, to him who seeks or demands; therefore it
occurs after such sayings as "Zeyd stood" and
" Did Zeyd stand ?" and " Beat thou Zeyd," and
the like; as does 5: Ibn-El-Hajib asserts that
it occurs only after an interrogation; as in the
-

132
[BOOK I.
وَيَسْتَنْبِئُونَكَ أَحَقُّ هُوَ قُلْ ,[54 .suying [in the Kur x
'D S! [And they will ask thee to inform them,
saying, Is it true? Say, Yea, by my Lord!]:
but accord. to all, it does not occur otherwise than
before an oath: and when one says, auf, s!
[Yea, by God!], and then drops the ,, the 5
may be quiescent, and with fet-h, and elided; [so
that you say, إِى الله, and إِىّ الله, and الله !; ] in
the first of which cases, two quiescent letters
occur together, irregularly. (Muglince.) Lthi says,
meaning, says ,إلى وريى is an oath, as in إى
7j, نَعَمْ وَرَبِّى :IApr is also related to have said
the like; and this is the correct explanation. (T.)
[J says,] It is a word preceding an oath, meaning
(.؟) . إِىْ وَاَللهِ and إِىْ وَرَبِّى as in ; [٩٠٧٠] بَلَى
[ISd and F say,] It is syn. with ~, and is con-
joined with an oath : and one says also ...
(M, Ķ.)
Li is a noun, used in five different manners.
(Mughnee.) One of its meanings is that of an
interrogative, (T, §, M, Mughnee, Ķ,) relating to
intellectual beings and to non-intellectual things;
[meaning Who ? which ? and what ?] (S, M, Ķ;)
and as such, it is a decl. noun : (§:) it is said in
the K to be a particle ; (MF ;) and so in the M ;
(TA;) but this is wrong: (MF:) and it is added
in the Ķ that it is indecl. ; (MF;) and it is Baid
to be so in the M, accord. to Sb, in an instance
to be explained below; (TA ;) but this is only
when it is a conjunet noun [like sajt], or denotes
the object of a vocative: (MF:) or, accord. to
some, it is decl. as a conjunct noun also. (Mugh-
أَيْهُمْ أَخُول ,nec.) You say
of [ Who, or which, of
them, is thy brother ?]. (§.) Another ex. is the
saying [in the Kur vii. 184, and last verse of
[xxvii.], ◌َفَبِأَيّ حَدِيثٍ بَعْدَهُ يُؤْمِنُون [And in what
announcement, after it, will they believe?]. (Mugh-
nee.) Sometimes it is without teshdecd ; as in the
saying (of El-Farezdak, M),
.
تَنَّرْتُ نَصْرًا وَالسِّمَاكَيْنِ أَيْهُمَا ٢
.
عَلَىَّ مِنَ الغَيْثِ أَسْتَهَلَّتْ مَوَاطِرُهْ
.
.
[I looked for rain, or aid from the clouds, and
the troo Simaks (stars so called). Of which of
them two did the rains pour vehemently upon me
from the clouds?]: (M, Mughnce, Ķ : [in the
last of whichi, only the former hemistich is given,
with les (meaning the star or asterism so called)
instead of ljaj :]) so by poetic licence : (M :)
IJ says that for this reason the poet has elided
the second 5, but should have restored the first
Ls to ,, because it is originally ,. (TA. [But
this assertion, respecting the first Ls, I regard as
improbable.]) \ ", also, is a contraction of
ايم ,in the saying 80: أىّ شَىْ: meaning ,أَىُّ مَا
Świ y [What thing is it, O such a one?]:
and J,ff wel [ What thing sayest thou?]. (TA
in art. l.) In like manner, also, "Agl is used
as a contraction of ◌ٍأيُّ شَىْء. (Ka, TA in art.
.) A poet speaks of his companions as being
the name of the quarter أىّ making ;بأىّ وَابْنَهَا
("); so that, being determinate and of the
feminine gender, it is imperfectly declinable. (M.
ای
[See Ji; under which head two other readings
are given ; and where it is said that the verse in
which this occurs is by Homeyd Ibn-Thowr.])
is never without a noun or pronoun to which
it is prefixed, except in a vocative expression and
when it is made to conform with a word to which
it refers, as in cases to be exemplified hereafter.
(Mughnce.) Being so prefixcd, it is determinate;
but sometimes, [as in the latter of the cases just
mentioned,] it is not so prefixed, yet lins the
meaning of a prefixed noun. (S.) When. used as
an interrogative, it is not governed, as to the
letter, though it is as to the meaning, by the verb
that precedes it, but by what follows it; as in the
لِنَعْلَمَ أَىُّ الحِزْبَيْنِ ,[11 .saying in the Kur [xvili
GALI [That we might know which of the two
parties was able to compute]; and in the same
وَسَيَعْلَمُ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا أَىَّ مُنْقَلَب ,[xxvi. last verse]
SAN [ And they who have acted wrongly shall
know with what a translating they shall be trans-
lated] : (Fr," Th, Mbr, T, S:") when it is go-
verned by the verb before it, it has not the inter-
rogative meaning, as will be shown hereafter.
(Fr, T.) In the saying of the poet,
تَصِيحُ بِنَا حَنِيفَةُ إِذْ رَأَتْنّا
وَأَىَّ الأَرْضِ تَذْهَبُ لِلصَِّاجِ
.
[ Haneefeh (the tribe so named) shout to us when
they see us. And to what place of the earth, or
land, will they go for the shouting?], "si is in the
accus. case because the prep. ! is suppressed
before it. (S.) When they separate it [from what
follows it, not prefixing it to another noun], the
Arabs say ◌ّأى, and in the dnal أيان, and in the
pl. ◌َأيُّون ; and they make it fem., saying آية, and
[in the dual] Gl, and [in the pl.] SGi : but
when they prefix it to a noun, properly so called,
not a pronoun, they make it sing. and masc.,
saying ◌ِأىّ الرّجلَّين [Who, or which, of the tro
مَرْآتَيْن men?], and
Who, or which, of the] أَىُّ المَرَأَتْ
to women ?], and ◌ِأَىُّ الرِّجَال [Who, or which, of
the men ?], and ◌ِأَىُّ النّساء [Who, or which, of the
women?]: and when they prefix it to a fem.
pronoun, they make it masc. [as when they prefix
it to a masc. pronoun] and fem., saying Wl and
WAT [Who, or which, of them two?], meaning
women; (Fr, T;) [the latter of which seems to
be the more common; for ISd says,] sometimes
they said el [ Who, or which, of them? referring
to women], meaning 31. (M.) It is said in
وَمَا تَدْرِى نَفْسٌ بِأَيّ أَرْضٍ ,[the Kur [xxxi. last verse
3,5 [And a person knoweth not in what land
he will die]: ($:) but some read Jo,l &t; and
Sb compares this fem. form to Wie. (Bd.)
When it is used as an interrogative relating to an
for in the case of a pause, you say only _si, in
the nom. and gen., with sukoon; and you imitate
in both of these cases only when you use the
dual form or the pl. : it is added in the §, you
say in the cases of the dual and pl. and fem.
like as we have said respecting &: when one
says, جَاءَنِى رِجَال [Men came to me], you say,
أيّمن quiescent; and ن Who?], with the] أيُّونْ
indeterminate noun in a preceding phrase, si is
made to conform with that indeterminate noun in
case-ending and in gender and in number; and
this is done [alike, accord. to some,] in the case
of its connexion with a following word and in the
case of a pause ; so that, [in the case of a pause,]
to him who says, Jey su [A man came to in the accus. and gen. : but IB says, the correct
me], you say, [accord. to the authorities alluded to
رايت ,Who?]; and to him who says] أىّ [,above
[I saw a man], Li [ Whom ?]; and to him
أيّ ,[I passed by a man] مَرَّرْتُ بِرَجُلٍ ,who says
[Whom?] : and in like manner, [accord. to all
authorities,] in the case of its connexion with a
following word; as أَىُّ يَا فَتَّى [Who, O young
man ?], and أيًّا يَا فَتَّى [Whom, O young man?],
and أيّ يَا فَتَّى [Whom, O young man?]: and in
the case of the fem. you say, if and Eff and aff
[in the nom. and accus. and gen. respectively'];
and in the dual, أيَّان and ◌ٍأيَتَان in the nom. case
أَيَتَيْنِ and أيين masc. and fem. respectively], and]
in the accus. and gen. cases [masc. and fem.
respectively]; and in the pl., [with the like dis-
tinetion of genders, ] S,t and Sul in the nom.
case, and ◌َأيّين and آيَات in the accus. and gen.
cases. (1'Ak p. 319.) [Exs. in cases of pause,
agreeing with the foregoing rules, are given in
the T; and cxs. in cases of connexion with fol-
lowing words, agreeing with the foregoing, are
given in the Muglince : but J gives rules differing
. froin the foregoing in some respects; and IB
gives rules differing in some points both from
the foregoing and from those of J.] It is said in
the $, si is made to conforin with indeterminate
nouns significant of intellectual beings and of non-
intellectual things, and is used as an interrogative;
and when it is thus used in reference to an in-
determinate noun, you make it to linve a case-
ending like that of the uoun respecting which
it demands positive information ; so that when
it is said to yon, ◌ْمُرّ بی رَجُل [A man passed by
me], you say, أىَّ يَا فَتَّى [Who, O young man?],
thus giving it a case-ending [like that of )}]
when it is in connexion with a following word;
and you indicate the case-ending [by the pro-
nunciation termed payı, saying si, with a some-
what obscure utterance of the final vowel,] in
pausing ; and if one says, ; Sol, [I saw a
man], you say, آيَا يَا فَتّى [Whom, 0 young
man ?], giving it a case-ending [like that of )],
with tenween, when it is [thus] in connexion with
a following word ; and you pause upon the 1,
saying أيا ; and when one says, ◌ٍمَرَرْتُ بِرَجُل [I
passed by a man], you say, أيّ يَا فَتَّى [Whom,
O 'young man? in a case of connexion with a
following word; and si in a case of pausing]:
you conform with what the other has said, in
the nom. and accus. and gen. cases, in the case
of connexion with a following word and in that
of pausing: but IB says that this is correct only
in the case of connexion with a following word ;

133
Book I.]
mode is to sny, ◌َأيُّون and ◌َأَيِّين, with fet-b to the
& in both; [meaning that this is the only allow-
able mode in the case of connexion with a fol-
lowing word, and app. that it is the preferable
mode in the case of a pause ; ] the quiescent
being allowable only in the case of a pause, and
مَنِين and منون for you say ,من with respect to
with the quiescent & only: it is then added in
the $, yon say, also, ~1 [ Who? and whom ?] in
using the fen. [in a case of pause]; but in a
case of connexion with a following word, [when
referring to a noun in the accus., ] you say, at
{ [Whom, O thou? in the sing.], and SU
[in the pl. ; and in like manner, act in the nom.
sing., and al in the gen. sing. ; and Sul in the
nom. pl., and SCI in the gen. pl.] : but when the
interrogation refers to a determinate noun, ist is
in the nom. case (withi refa) only. (TA.) [Sce also
Syl, below.] __ [In other cases, now to be men-
tioned, it is used alike as sing., dual, and pl.] __
It also denotes a condition; (T,S, M, Muglince;)
in which case, also, it is a deel. noun, applied
to an intellcetnal being and to a non-intellectual
أَّهُمْ يُكْرِمُنِى أَكْرِمْهُ ,thing. (S.) So in the saying
[Whichever of them treats me with honour, I
will treat him with honour]. (S.) So, too, in
أَيَّ مَا تَدْعُوا فَلَهُ ,[110 .the saying [in the Kur xvii
Whichever ye call Him, He] الأَسْمَةُ الحُسْنَى
hath the best namex]. (T," Mughnce.) And in
أَيَّمَا اَلْأَجَلَيْنِ ,[28 .the saying [in the same, xxviii
Whichever of the tno] قَضَيْتُ فَلَا عُدْوَانَ عَلَىَّ
terms I fulfil, there shall be no wrongdoing to
صَحِبَهُ اللهُ أيا ,me]. (Mughnec.) One says also
-May God accom] أَيْنَمَا تَوَجَّهَ meaning ,مَا تَوَجَّهَ
pany him wherever he goeth]. (AZ, T.) And
أَيَّةَ وِجْهَةٍ for أيَّةً سَلَكُوا Zuheyr uses the expression
il [Whatever tract they travelled, or travel].
أَيِّى وَأَيُّكَ كَانَ شَرًا فَأَخْزَاهُ الْهُ ,T.) The saying)
[Whichever of me and thee be evil, may God
abase him !] was explained by Klı to Sb as mean-
ing أيُّنَا كَانَ شَرًّا [whichever of us two be evil]
أَخْزَى اللهُ الكَاذِبَ ,and as being like the saying
M. [And in a similar) .مِنَّ meaning ,منّى وَمِنْكَ
manner, the former clause of that saying, occur-
ring in a verse, with & after 1, is said in the
T to have been explained by Kh to Sb.]) __ It
is also a conjunct nonn ; (Mughnee ;) [i. e.] it is
sometimes used in the manner of SuJi, and there-
fore requires a complement; as in the saying,
Ie, of them, who is in the] أيَهُمُ فِى الدَّارِ أَخُوكَ
house is thy brother]: ($:) [i. e.] it is syn. with
M, Muglince.) So in the saying [in the). الَّذِى
◌ُّ ◌َنَنْزِعَنَّ مِنْ كُلّ شِعَةٍ أَيُّهُمْ أَشَدُّ ,[70 .Kur xix
Then ne will assuredly draw] عَلَى الرَّحْمْنِ عُنِيًّ
forth, from every sect, him, of them, who is
most exorbitantly rebellious against the Compas-
sionate]: 80 says Sb : but the Koofees and a
number of the Bagrees disagree with him, holding
that the conjunct noun Si is always decl., like
the conditional and the interrogative : Zj says,
" It has not appeared to me that Sb has erred
ای
for he has conceded that it is decl. when separate,
and how can he say that it is indecl. when it is a
prefixed noun ?" and El-Jarmee says, " I have
gone forth from El-Baarah, and have not heard,
from my leaving the Khandak to Mekkel, any
one say, لَأَضْرِبَنَّ أَيَهُمْ قَائِم [as meaning I will
assuredly beat him, of them, who is standing],
with damm :" these assert, that it is, in the verse
above, an interrogative, and that it is an inchioa-
tive, and Of is an enunciative: but they differ
as to the objective complement of the verb : Kh
says that this is suppressed, and that the implied
meaning is, we will assuredlly draw forth those
of whom it will be said, Which of them is most
&c .? and Yoo says that it is the proposition
[t &c.], and that the verb is suspended from
governing, as in the instance in the Kur xviii. Il,
cited above : and Ks and Akh say that it is
-is redundant, and that the in من that ,كلّ شيعة
terrogative proposition is independent of what pre-
cedes it; this being grounded on their saying that
the redundance of . is allowable in an affirma-
tive proposition : but these [following] facts refute
their sayings ; viz. that the suspension of govern-
ment is peculiar to verbs significant of operations
of the mind ; and that it is not allowable to say,
-with refe, as meaning by impli ,لَاضْرِبَنَّ الفَاسِقُ
cation "I will assuredly beat him of whom it is
said, He is the transgressor ;" and that the re-
dundance of in an affirmative proposition is
not correct. (Mughnce. [Some further remarks
on the same subject, in that work, mentioning
other opinions as erroneous, I omit. Another
reading of the passage in the Kur cited above
(xix. 70) will be found in what here follows.])
لَأَضْرِبَنَّ أَيَّهُمْ أَفْضَلُ ,ISd states that] they said]
[I will assuredly beat him, of them, who is most
excellent], and ◌ُأىّ أَفْضَل [him who is most excel-
lent]; St being indecl., accord. to Sb, and there-
fore the verb does not govern it [save as to the
meaning ]. (M.) And [that] you say, " ...
إِضْرِبْ آيَهـ
Jasi [ Beat thou him, of them, who is most ex-
cellent], and ◌ُأيَهُمْ أَفْضَل [meaning the same, or
whichever of them, &c.]; suppressing the relative
, after l. (M in a later part of the same
art.) Fr says that when St is governed by the
verb before it, it has not the interrogative mean-
لَأَضْرِبَنَّ أَيُّهُمْ يَقُولُ ذلكَ ,ing; and you may say
[I will assuredly beat him, of them, or which-
ever of them, says that]: and he says that he who
reads mel, in the accus. case, in the passage of
the Kur cited above (xix. 70) makes it to be
governed by Beds. ('T.) Ks says, you say,
,I will assuredly beat him] لَأَضْرِبَنَّ أَيْهُمْ فِى الدَّارِ
of them, or whichever of them, is in the house];
قاط: ضَرَبْتُ أَيَّهُمْ فِى الدَّارِ ,but you may not say
he distinguishes between the actual occurrence
and that which is expected. (S.) Akh says,
also, that it may be indeterminate and qualificd
by an epithet; as when one says, ist Si
I] بِمَنْ مُعْجِبٍ لَكَ ,like as one says ,مُعْجِبٍ لَكَ
passed by one pleasing to thee] : but this has not
been heard [from the Arabs]. (Mughnce.) _ It
except in two instances, whereof this is one ; | also denotes perfection, or consummateness : and
in this case it is an epithet applying to an indeter-
minate noun; as in ◌ٍزَبْدْ رَجُلْ أَىُّ رَجُل :[Zeyd
is a man; what a man !! , meaning that he ia
complete, or consummate, in the qualities of men :
and it is a denotative of state relating to a deter-
minate noun; as in ◌ٍمَرَرْتُ بِعَبْدِ اللهِ أَى رَجُل :[I
passed by 'Abd-Allah; what a man was he!]:
(Mughnee :) and used in this sense, it is tropical.
(Har p. 594.) [J says,] it is sometimes an epithet
applying to an indeterminate noun : you say,
I paned by]+ أَيِّمَا رَجُلٍ and مَرَرْتُ بِرَجُلٍ أَيّ رَجُلٍ
مَرَوْتُ بَامْرَاةِ آيَةٍ أَمْرأة a man; what a man!]; and
t[I passed by a woman; what a woman !], and
by two women; what to] بآَمْرَاتَيْنِ اَيتِهًا آَمْرَاتَيْنِ
women!]; and هذِهِ آَمْرَأَةٌ أَيَّهُ أَمْرَأة +[This is
أَيْتُمَا أَمْوَاتَمن a woman; what a woman!]: and
t [ What two women !]; L being redundant : and
in the case of a determinate noun, you may, 1
J', wi Jj t[This is Zeyd; what a man is
he!]; putting it in the accus. case as a denotative
of state ; and ◌ٍهذِهِ أَمّةُ اللهِ أَيَّتَمَا جَارِيّة + [This is
the handmaid of God; what a girl, or young
woman, is she !]: you say, also, [in using an in-
وجَاءَكَ and أَىُّ أَمْرَأَةٍ جَاءَتْكَ [,leterminato noun)
and ◌َآيَةُ أَمْرَأَةٍ جَاءَتْك + [What a woman came to
thee!]; and ◌ٍمَرَرْتُ بِجَارِيَّةٍ أَيّ جَارِيَة + [I pamed
by a girl, or young woman; what a girl, or
young woman!]; and ◌ٍ◌ِئْتُكَ بِمُلاَءَةٍ أَيّ مُلَاءَة and
B & H[I brought thes a body-wrapper ; what
a body-wrapper !] : all are allowable. (§.) [In
all these it evidently denotes admiration, or
wonder, at some good or extraordinary quality
in the person or thing to which it relates; not-
withstanding that J says afterwards,] and some-
times it is used to denote wonder; as in the maying
of Jemeel,
بُثَّمْنَ الْزَّمِى لَا إِنَّ لَا إِنْ تَزِمْتِهِ
عَلَى كَثْرَةِ الوَاشِينَ أَىُّ مَعُونٍ
+[O Butheyneh, (" being a curtailed form
of 2%, a woman's name,) adhere thou to " No:"
verily " No," if thou adhere to it, notwithstand-
ing the numbers of the slanderers, what a help
will it be !]: ($:) i. e., an excellent help will
be thy saying "No" in repelling, or rebutting,
the slanderers, though they be many. (TA in
art. Usf.) Fr gives as exs. of its use to denote
wonder the sayings, ◌ْأىُّ رَجُلٍ زَيْد [What a man
i's Zayd!], and ◌ُأىُّ جَارِيَّةٍ زَيْنَب [What a girl, or
young woman, is Zeyneb!]. (T.) It denotes
wonder at the sufficiency, and great degree of
competence, of the person [or thing] to whom [or
to which] it relates. (M.) El-Kattál El-Kilábeo
says,
وَلَّمَّا رَأَيْتُ أَنَّنِى قَدْ فَتَلْتُهُ
نَدِمْتُ عَلَيْهِ أَّ سَاعَةٍ مَنْدَمٍ
.
.
[And when I saw that I had slain him, I repented
of it; in what an hour, or time, of repentance !]:
i. e., when I slew him, I repented of it, in a time
when repentance did not profit: Si being here in

134
ای
[Book I.
the necus. case as an adv. n. ; for, as it denotes
the part of a whole, its predicament is made to be
the same as that of the affixed noun, of whatever
kind this may be. (Ham p. 95.) __ It also has
J prefixed to it; and thus it becomes changed
in signification so as to denote numerousness,
being syn. with the enunciative _~ [ How many !];
(S, Ķ;) or syn. with => [us meaning many] :
(Sb, M :) [and sometimes it is syn. with the
interrogative , meaning how many? or hom
much? as will be shown below :] thus it is written
M, K,) its tenween,$) ,كَأَيِّنْ M,) or) ,كأيّ
being written ; (Ş, K;) and ;is, (M,) or
[more commonly] ◌ْكَائِن, ($, M, K, [in some
((؟) ,كَاعِنْ like (1, كَايِنْ copics of the S and K
said by IJ, on the authority of Aboo-'Alce, to be
ى by putting the double ,كَأيِّنْ fumed from
before the ., after the manner of the transposition
in 3 and a number of other words, so that it be-
comes كيّا [or ◌ْكَيَّيِن}, then suppressing the second
so that ,لين and هين and ميت as is dom in ,ى
it becomes :كَى [or ◌ْكَيْئِن], and then changing
the [remaining] ى into I, as in [ٌّطَيِّى, which
becomes] طَائِى, and in [حِيرٍى, which becomes]
(;M): [كَائِنْ or] كاء so that it becomes , حَارِىُّ
and it has other dial. vars .; namely ◌ْكيتِن [one
of the intermediato fors between ◌ْكَايَن and
Este mentioned above]; (K; [in one copy of
the K written Das, and so accord. to the TK;])
und كَأَّي, (M,K,) of the mcasure of زّمي, and
most probably formed by transposition from,
mentioned above; (M ;) and LE, of the measure
of , (M, TA,) incorrectly written in the copies
of the K ◌ٍكَاء, i. ٥٠ like كَاع, (TA,) formed by the
suppression of ى in :ى; & change not greater
than that from مُ اللهِ ما أَيْمُنْ اللّه and ◌ِمِ الله . (M.)
You say, ◌ُكَأَيِّنْ رَجُلًا لَقِيت [How many a max
have I met! or many a man &c.], (§, Ķ,*)
putting the noun following كأين in the acens.
كَأَبِّنْ مِنْ رَجُلٍ case as a specificative ; (S;) and
after من S,K ;* ) and the introduction of): نَقِيتُ
,is more common, and better. ($. [And Sb كاين
as cited in the M, saya the like. ]) You say also,
Hom many a man has come] كَأَبِّنْ قَدْ أَتَانِى رَجُلًا
to me! or many a man &c. J. (Sb, M.) And Ste
For how much] بكَمْ تبيع .i.e ,تَبِيعُ هُذَا الثّوْبَ
wilt thou sell this garment, or piece of cloth ?].
(§.) Kh says that if any one of the Arabs made
it to govern the gen. case, perhaps he did so by
making & to be implied, as is allowable with
بِكَأَنْ دِرْهم ,M ) [so that you may say) : كَمْ
Il Esi For how many a dirhem didst thou
buy this? for] it is allowable to. make the noun
that follows & to be governed in the gen. case
by ◌ْمِن implied, when كر immediately follows &
preposition; as in بِكَمْ دِرْهَيرِ اشْتَرَيْتَ هذَا ; but
when it is not thus preceded by a preposition, the
noun after it must be in the accus. case. (I'Ak
p. 317.) It always holds the first place in a
proposition, like S. (Idem, next p.) __ It is
also u connective of the vocative & with the noun
signifying the person or persons or thing called,
when this noun has the article JI prefixed to it;
(S, M, Mughnee, Ķ;) and with a noun of indica-
tion, as 13 ; and with a conjunct noun having JI
prefixed to it, as الَّذِى :(I'Ak p. 268 :) it is a
noun formed for serving ss such a connective ;
(M, Ķ;) and has W affixed to it. (S, M, &c.)
You Bay, ◌ُيَا أَيُّهَا الرَّجُل [which seems to be best
rendered O thou man ; more agreeably with the
original, O thou, the man ; or, accord. to Akh,
O thou who art the man; lit., O he who is the
man; often written WEJ; (T, S, M, Mughnec,
K;) and ◌ِيَا أَيُّهَا الرَّجُلَان [O yo tmo men]; and
يَا أَيَّتُهَا المَوْأَةُ Oye ment] ; (M;) and] يَا أَيُّهَا الرِّجَالُ
يَا أَيَّتُهَا المَرْأَتَانِ thou woman]; (S, M;) and 0]
[Oye two women]; and ◌ُ0] يَا أَيَّتُّهَا النِّسْوَة ye
rcomen]; and ◌ُويًا أَيُّهَا المَرْأَة and ◌ِالمَرْأَتَان , and
O thou, this person] يَا أَيُّهَا و1 M;) and) ; النسوة
or thing]; and 0] يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِى فَعَلَ كَذَا thou
who didst, or hast donc, thus]. (I'Ak p. 267.)
In the first of the exs. here given, si is a noun
of vague signification, (Zj, T, §,) denoting the
person called, (Zj, T,) of the sing. number, (Zj,
T, S,) rendered determinate by the vocative [4],
(§,) indecl., with damm for its termination ; (Zj,
T, $;) and & is a particle employed to rouse
attention, or to give notice, a substitute for the
noun to which si is in other casea prefixed ; and
-Z), T, S,) where) ,أىّ is = qualificative to الرَّجُلُ
fore it is in the nom. casc. (S.) Akh asserts, [as
we have indicated above,] that "si is here the
conjunet noun, and that the first member of its
complement, namely the relative ;. , is suppressed;
the meaning being, ◌ُيَا مَنْ هُوَ الرَّجُل : but this
assertion is refuted by the fact that there is no
relative pronoun that must be suppressed, nor any
conjunet noun that necessarily requires that its
complement should be a nominal proposition :
though he might reply to these two objections by
arguing that L in the saying je y is in like
manner [virtually] in the nom. case [as a conjunct
noun syn. with الذى, and that the first member
of its complement, namely , an inchoative of
which j is the enunciative, is suppressed].
(Mughnee.) The putting of the qualificative of
يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّجُلّ in the accus. case, as in the saying أَىّ
Jff [O thou man, advance], is allowed (M, K)
by El-Mazinee; but it is not known [as heard
from the Arabs]. (M.) \ and Giff are also
used for the purpose of particularizing; [in which
case they are not preceded by \;] as when one
say , ◌ُأَمَّا أَنَّا فَأَفْعَلُ كَذَا أَيُّهَا الرَّجُل [As for me, I
will do thus, or such a thing, thou man], meaning
himself; and as in the saying of Kaab Ibn-Malik,
related in a trad., ◌ُفَتَخَلَّقْنَا أَيَّتُهَا الثَّلاثَة [And n'e
remained behind, or held bach, ye thrce], meaning,
by the three, those particularized as remaining
behind [with him], or holding back. (TA.)
Vi: see art. L .- Li: see the next paragraph.
the former word, when alone and] ,إيّا الشَّمُسِ
indeterminate, perhapa (as when determinate)
without tenween, for it is-explained (with its dial.
vars.) in the S and K in باب الالف اللّنة, though
it is also explained in some copies of the $ in
the present art.,] and إِيَاةُ الشمس , (T, S, M.
أياً: ٧ S, M, K,) and) , أَيَاةُ ٧ الشمس Mgh, K,) and
JAJI, (T, M, Mgh, K, and in a copy of the $,)
with fet-h and medd, (T, Mgh, K, and so in a
copy of the $,) The light of the sun, (S, M, Mgh,
Ķ,) and its beauty : (M, Ķ :) or its rays, and its
light : (T :) or, as some say, اياة الشمس signifies
the halo of the sun; that, with respect to the sun,
which is like the ants with respect to the moon ;
i. c. the ils around the sun: ($:) the pl. [of
BLI] is Vil and :CI; [or rather the forner is a
coll. gen. n. ; ] like أكر and ◌ُإكَام in relation to
¿si. (M.) Tarafch says, (T, S, Mgh,) de-
scribing the fore teeth (5) of his beloved, (EM
p. 62,)
·
سَقَتْهُ إِيَاةُ ٧ الشَّمْسِ إِلَّ لِئَاتِهِ
*
[The light of the sun has shed its lustre upou
them, except their gums]. (T, S, Mgh.)_And
hence, by way of comparison, (M,) إيّا النّبَات, and
(,K) , أَيَاتُهُ ٧ and,إيّاتُهُ M, K,) and) , أَيَاؤُهُ !
# The beauty of herbage, (M, K,) and its blos-
soms, (M,) and brightness, (K, TA,) in its ver-
,أَيَا sc: أَيَا إِيَاهُ أَقْبِلْ = (.dure and growth. (TA
in art. Ll.
att: {
iÚ:
-
sen the next preceding paragraph,
throughout.
al dim. of ti : sce the letter I.
(.T) ٧٠ ٩٠ , آيَةً dim. of إِيّةٌ
Çİ: see Új, in art. Ll.
U !: sce art. LI. [Az says,] I have not heard
any derivation of Ul; but I think, without being
certain, that it is from U as explained above ;
as though it were a noun from that verb, of the
measure فِعلَى , like ◌ٍذِكْرَى from ◌ُذَكْرْت; so that
the meaning of JU! is I direct myself, or my
aim, to, or towards, thec, and thy person. (T.)
When you ask a nan .[أَىّ rel. n. of *] أيّىَّ
respecting his 5,5 [i. e. district, or city, or
town], you say, yi [The person of what dis-
trict, &e., art thou ?]; like as you say, in asking
him respecting his قَبِيلَة [or tribe], ◌َّالْمَنِى [from
A person of] أَبِّيَّ أَنْتَ ,and you say also : [مَنْ
مَنِى أَنْت what district, &e., art thou ?]; and
[.من .in art ,مَنِىٌّ T.) [See also)
Lth says that it is used in .اين .acc art: أَيَّانَ
the manner of مَتَّى; [signifying When?]; and
that some say its & is radical ; others, that it is
augmentative : (T:) IJ saya, it must be from _si,
أين for two reasons : first, because ,أين not from
denotes place; and Sul, time: and secondly,
because nouns of the measure Jus are few; and
those of the measure Ws, many : so that if you

BOOK I.]
135
name a man SLI, it is imperfectly decl .: and he
adda, that si means a part of a whole; so that
it applies as properly to times as it does to other
أَىَّ أَوَان things: (TA:) Fr says that it is originally
[at what time?]. (T.) One says, of a stupid, er
foolish, person, لَا يَعْرِفُ أَيَّان [He knowms not
when]. (IB.)
.اوى .and sce also 2 in art ==: أى scc: آَىْ
" SI : see what next follows, in two places.
LT A sign, token, or mark, by which a person
or thing is known; syn. Life (IApr, T, S, M,
Mab, K) and ijul: (M, Ķ:) it properly signifies
any apparent thing inseparable from a thing not
equally apparent, so that when one perceires the
former, he knows that he perceives the other,
which he cannot perceive by itself, when the tivo
things are of one predicament ; and this is appa-
rent in the object of sense and in that of the
intellect : (Er-Raghib, TA :) it is of the measure
being ى [the [former ;آيَة M,K,) originally), فَعْلَةٌ
changed to I because the letter before it is with
fet-h1, though this is an extraordinary change:
(M :) this is related as on the authority of Sb :
(TA :) or it is of the measure auf, (M, K,)
accord. to Kh; (M;) originally &i; ($;) [for,
accord. to J and Fei,] Sb said that its mediul
radical letter is ,, and that the final is 5, because
words of this class are more common than those
of which the medial and final radical letters are
(:؟): أَوَوِىّ S, Mob;) and the rel. n. is) زى both
but IB says, Sh did not state that the medial
radical letter of it is ,, as J states; but he said
that it is originally El, and that the quiescent 5
is changed into 1; and he relates of Kh, that he
allowed the rel. n. of ◌ٌآيَة to be آئى٢ and ◌ٌّآمِى and
he says, I know not any ,أوَوِى but as to ; آوِىّ
one who has said it except J: ('TA :) or it is
وآبيّة Mab), K,) originally ,؟) , فَاعِلَةً of the mcasnre
contracted by the suppression of its final radical
letter [with the preceding kesrch] : so accord. to
Fr : [but see what follows (after the pls.), where
this is said to be the opinion of Ks, and disallowed
by Fr:] (S, Mob:) the pl. is آيات and آى٧, (S, M,
it, or d'0 or does : see 5.
Mgb, Ķ,) [or the latter is rather a coll. gen. n.,]
and pl. pl. ECT: (M, Ķ:) J says that one of its
pls. is Sul; [and we find the same also in some
copies of the K ;] but this is a mistake for :Çi,
which is pl. of si, not of ET: (IB, TA :) and
this pl., being of the measure Jusi, has been
adduced as evidence that the medial radical letter
is ى, not و :(TA:) the dim. is " أبيَة, [of the
mensnre au's changed to it's because of the
medial radical (s,] which, accord. to Fr, shows
the opinion of Ks, that ul is of the measure alcÚ
rendered defective by the suppression of its final
radical letter, to be incorrect, because [Fr holds, in
opposition to some others, that] a noun of this mea-
sure has not its dim. formed on the measure als
unless it is a proper name. (T.) They said,
ije at "iisl [ Do thou it at the sign of such a
.بِأَمَارَة كَذَا and بعلامة كَذَا ,thing]; like as you say
(M.) And [in this sense, as is indicated by the
context in the M,] it is one of the nouns that are to the TA, (art. 1,) one says also Ci.]
ايا - اى
prefixed to verbs [as virtually governing the gen.
case], (M, K,") because of the nearness of its
meaning to the meaning of time: (K :) as in the
saying [of a poet],
بِآيَةٍ تُقْدِمُونَ الغَيْلَ شُعْئًّا
[At the sign of your urging forward the horses,
unsmoothed in their coats, or not curried; which
means nearly the same as "at the time of your
urging" &e.]. (M.) __ A sign as meaning an
indication, an evidence, or a proof. (TA.) __ A
sign as meaning a miracle ; [and a wonder; for]
di ELT means the wonders of God. (TA.)-
An example, or a warning; (Fr, T, M, Msb, Ķ;)
as, for instance, the case uf Joseph and his bre-
thren, related in the Kur: (Fr, T:) pl. si (M,
K) and ELT. (Fr, T.) _ A message, or comnu-
nication sent from one person or party to another;
syn. JÚ). (TA.) __ The body, or corporcal
form or figure or substance, (S, M, K,) of a man,
($,) which one sees from a distance; [as being a
kind of sign ;] or a person, or an individual;
syn. Jars. (S, M, K.)_ A whole company
of people : as in the saying, خَرَجُ القَومُ بايتهم The
people, or party, went forth with their whole
company, not leaving behind them anything.
(AA, S, M.) __ [Hence, accord. to some, A
verse of the Kur-an; as being] a collection of
words of the Book of God: ($:) or a connected
form of words of the Kur-in continued to its
breaking off; (K, TA;) accord. to Aboo-Bekr,
so called because it is a sign of the breaking off:
(TA:) or a portion of the Kur-án after which a
suspension of speech is approvable : (Msb :) or a
portion of the Kur-an denoting any statute, or
ordinance, of God, whether it be [what is gene-
rally termed] an aff, [i. e. a verse,] or a chapter
(-), or an aggregate [and distinct] portion of
the latter. (Er-Righib, Kull, TA.") [&Ty,
written after a quotation of a part of a verse of
the Kur-an, means a'yı ist Read thou the verse.]
Çi: see Çi, in art. Ll.
and LĪ, accord. to Khi, rel. no. of ici, q. v.
(IB.)
Úl a vocative particle, (S, M, K,) used in calling
him who is near and him who is distant: [in the
former case, like O: in the latter, like ho there,
or soho, or holla : ] you say, ji "; G [O Zeyd,
advance : or ho there, or soho, or holla, &c.]:
($:) or J is in error in saying this : it is used in
calling to him who is distant : (Mughnce, Ķ :)
80 say Ibn-El-Hájib, in the Kafiyeh, and El-
Fakhr El-Járabardee; and the latter adds, or
to him who is in a predicament like that of him
who is distant, being sleeping or inadvertent; the
person who calls thereby being eager for the
person called to advance to liim : (TA :) or not
used in calling to him who is near : (Ķ :) and .
is substituted for its hemzeh ; (M, Ķ;) so that
one says, Q. (M.) AZ says, I have heard them
say, ◌ْأَيَا إِيَاهُ أَقْبِل .(Tin ◌ِبَابُ الأَلِفَات) [Accord.
and , أَيَاة and , إِيَاة and ; النَّبَاتِ and , إِيَا الشَّمْسِِ
.اى .see art : أَيّاً.
Ū! (S, M, Ķ, &c.) and Çi, (M, Ķ,) the latter
form used by some, as related on the authority
of Ķtr; (M;) accord. to some, (M,) a noun of
vague signification, (S, M, Ķ,) used metonymi-
cally for a noun in the acens. case, (M,) with
which are connected all the affixed pronouns that
denote the accus. case : you say De! [Thee] and
,un] إيَّنَا me] (S,K) und] إيَّىَ him] and] إِيَّاهُ
&c.]: ($:) and the hemzeh is changed into ., 80
that you say هيَّاك (S, M, K*) and ◌َهَيَّاك ; (KIr,
IJ, M, K;") and sometimes into ,, so that you
Bay ويّاك [and app. ◌َوَيَّال also; both of which
are nsed by some of the Arabs in the present day,
very commonly in Egypt, for JUL, as meaning
: {مَعَ زَيْدٍ meaning ,وزيدًا like as one says زُ مُعْكَ
(K:) the J and . and is [&c.] are put to show
the object meant, in order that the person ad-
dressed may be known from the absent [&c.]; and
have no place in the analysis of a sentence, like
the Jin Juj and JEli: (S, M : in the former
of which is added, and like the I and & in E3f:)
and this is identical with the opinion of Aklı :
(M, TA :) thus Gt is the noun, and what follows it
is to denote allocution, [&c.,] and the two become
as one thing; for nouns of vague signification
are not prefixed to other nouns to govern them
in the gen. case, nor are any of the pronouns, being
themselves determinate. (S.) Ibn-Keysan says,
(S, M,) some of the grammarians say that DE !.
altogether, is a noun ; and he adds, but some say
(M) that the J and . &c. are the nouns, and that
Ul is a support thereto, because they cannot stand
by themselves, (S, M,) like the J &c. which
occupy the latter place in ◌َيَضْرِبُك &c .; so when
the y &c. are put first, [as in ◌ُإيّاكَ ضَرَبْت Thee I
beat, or struch,] they are supported by LI, and
the whole becomes as one thing : ($:) and you
may also say, ضَرَبْتُ إِيَّانى [I beat, or struck,
: ضَرَبتْنِى ,me]; because it is not allowable to say
($ as corrected by IB:) but you may not say,
De Bij [I beat, or struch, thee] ; because
you only require JUI when you cannot use the
I] ضَرَبْتُكَ إيّاك ,alone] ; though you may say] ك
beat, or struck, thee, thee]; because the & is made
to be syntactically dependent upon the verb, 80
when you repeat it you require ÇI. (S.) In the
saying of the poet, (S,) Dhu-I-Igba' El-'Adwunee,
(TA,)
كَأَنَّا يَوْمَ قُرَّى إِنَّمَا نَقْتُلُ إِيَّنَا
[As though we, on the day of Kurrd, only killed
ourselves], he has separated it from the verb only
because the Arabs do not make the action of the
agent to fall upon the agent itself by the adjunc-
tion of the pronoun : they do not say, ,
but only قَتَلْتُ نَفْسِى :so the poct has used
UCI in the same manner as Enti. ($, TA.)
Some of the grammarians say that U is prefixed
to what follows it, governing it in the gen. case ;
and adduce as an evidence thereof a saying which
(٠؟). إذَا بَلَغَ الرَّجُلُ see below, commencing with

136
ایر - ایا
[BOOK I.
Zj says that it is an explicit noun, [not a pronoun,] | verb is suppressed : it is as though you said,
which is prefixed to all the pronouns, governing
I caution thee against] أُحَذِّرُكَ رُكُوبَ الفَاحِشَةِ
the committing of that which exceeds the bounds
of rectitude]. ('T.) Kh is related to Imve heard
an Arab of the desert say, (T," M, the latter on the
إِذَا بَلَغَ الَرَّجُلُ السَّتِّينَ فَإِيَّهُ وَإِيًّا (,.authority of Sb
SiElI [When the man attains to sixty years,
I caution him against, or let him avoid, the
young women]; (T, S, M ;) prefixing LI to
: and putting the latter in the gen. case ,الشواب
($:) but accord. to Akh, it is not allowable to
say [thus, or] Jj Č; Su. (M.) Sometimes
the , is suppressed, as in the saying of the poet,
them in the gen. case; but only to pronouns ;
Bo that if one said, E3 ; Gt, it would be
bad. (M.) Kh holds that it is a pronoun pre-
fixed to the J [&e. ], governing it in the gen.
case; (M, Ķ;) and the like is related to have
been the opinion of El-Mazince : and Sb relates
of Kh that he said, if any one were to say De!
Jul [Thee, thyself], I would not severely
blame him, for this & is [virtually] governed in
the gen. case. (M.) But accord. to Akh, it is
a simple, or uncompounded, pronoun, the ending
of which becomes altered, as the endings of pro-
nouns are wont to become, because of the varying
فَإِيَّاكَ إِيَّاكَ البِرَآءُ فَإِنَّهُ
·
*
إِلَى الشَّرِّ دَعَّاءُ وَلِلشَّرِّ جَالِبُ
of the numbers of the persons using them ; (M,
Ķ; [in both of which the last of the words thus
.
rendered is المضمرين; accord. to a copy of the
M , المضمرين , i.c.َالمُضْمِرِين ; in n copy of the
K, without any syll. signs; and in the CK,
[Then avoid thou, avoid thou obstinate disputa-
tion, for it is wont to invite to cvil, and an
attracter of evil]; meaning, إيّاكَ وَالمِرَآء ; i. e.,
إِيَّكَ وَأَنْ, [ TA.) You say [properly). إِيَّاكَ وَأَنْ تُمَّارِىَ
1je jiff [ Beware thou of, or avoid thou, doing
such a thing]: but [in strict propriety] you should
not say, إِيَّالَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا ,without؟) . و.) See
.اى .also art
of which readings, I have followed ; المضمرين
that found in the M; supposing the meaning to
be, that CI has different endings according as it
is used by one speaking to another, or by one
speaking of another, or by one speaking of him-
self, or to, or of, two or more, and the like;])
and the & of SUI is like the J of JUj, inasmuch
ويَايًا M) or) ,أَيَايَهْ Lth, T, S, M, K) and) أَيَايًا
(K,) and 24, (M, K,) A cry by which camels
are chidden. (Lth, T, S, M, K.) [See 2 in art.
[.ای
as it is an indication of allocution ouly, divested
of the idea of its being a sign of the pronoun.
(M.) Of all these varying opinions, IJ says that
he has found none to be correct when investigated,
except that of Akh; with whose opinion, that
stated in the begining of this art. is identical
ایب
[except as to the affix, which is there said to be
For words which might be supposed to be pro-
perly mentioned under this head, see art. l.
a pronoun, not merely a particle of allocution].
(M, TA.) Zj, being asked to explain the meaning
of the phrase the De, [in the Kur i. 4] an-
اید
swered, ◌ُحَقِيقَتَكَ نَعْبُد [Thine esscure we worship];
and said that it is derived from agf, meaning " a
sign by which a thing is known :" but IJ does
not approve of this. (M.) [ Respecting the phrase,
is used in the place اياها in which , فَإذَا هُوَ إِيَّاهَا
of a noun in the nom. case, and which is there-
fore disallowed by Sb, see [[.] It is also
used for the purpose of cautioning, or putting one
إِيَّاكَ وَالأَسَدَ ,on his guard. (T, S.) You say
[ Beware thou of, or avoid thou, or remove thyself
far from, the lion] : it is a substitute for a verb;
us thou you said, ich: and you say also, it;
like as you suy ◌َأرَاق and ◌ٌهَرَاق :( :) [or ايّاك in
this case is governed by a verb understood : for]
3 : sce 2.
Ibn-Keysan says, when you say, 1255 !
4 : see 1.
[ Beware thou of, or avoid thou, or remove thyself
far from, Zeyd], you caution him whom you
address against Zeyd, and the verb governing the
accus. case is not apparent : the meaning is,
'j Ssel [I caution thee against Zeyd]; as
though you said, 55, Je 3,321 [I caution
thec, thec with Zeyd]; or as though you said,
-Remove thy] بَاعِدْ نَفْسَكَ عَنْ زَيْدٍ وَبَاعِدْ زَيْدًا عَنْكَ
.أو Bee : أَيْدٌ
zelf far from Zeyd, and remove Zeyd far from
thee]; so that the verb governs the word signi-
fying the person cautioned and that signifying him
against whom that person ia cautioned: (TA:) [and
Az says,] when you say , ◌ِإِيَّاكَ وَرُكُوبَ الفَاحِشَّة, the
1. Si, nor. g, inf. n. Ji, He, (a man, AZ, T,
&c.,) or it, (a thing, L,) was, or became, strong:
(AZ, T, S, M, Ķ, &c. : ) and Youi, inf. n. JÚ,
he became possessed of strength. (AHcyth, T, L.)
Ka Eff t His coming as a guest was, or
became, frequent. (A.) [See Jul.]
,آيد T,S,M, &c. ; ) and) ; تأييد .inf. n ,آيد .2
; مُؤَايَدَةٌ .inf. n (,؟), فَاعَلَ T,S, K,) of the measure)
(K;) He strengthened : (S, M, L, M&b, Ķ:) he
aided, or rendered victorious. (L.) You say,
-He strengthencil him to accom أيّدهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ
plish the affair. (M, L.)
5. JG He, or it, (a thing, §,) became strength-
ened. (T, Ş, Ķ.)
Si Strength; syn. it's, (M, L, K,) and
[which is one of the significations of Lo, and
that which is here meant]; as also _ [which
is an inf. n. : see 1]. (S, M, Ķ.)
il Strong: ($, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) an epithet
applied [to God, and] to a man. (S.) A poet says,
• إِذَا القَوْسُ وَتَّرَهَا أَيِّدْ * رَمَى فَأَصَابَ الكُلَّى وَالذُّرَّى»
[lit. When a strong one strings the bow, he shoots,
and hits the hidneys, and the tops of the humps
of the camels]; meaning, when God strings [or
stretches] the bow that is in the clouds, Hc casts
fat into the kidneys and humps of the camels, by
means of the herbage that is produced by the rain.
means ? Verily he is إنَّهُ لَأَيّدُ الغَدَآءِ وَالعَشَآءِ - (.؟)
often present at the morning and evening meals.
(A.)
35 Anything by which a person or thing is
strengthened, (M, L, K,) or guarded, defended, or
protected : (T, L:) a thing by which one is pro-
tected, or veiled, or concealed : the side; shade,
or shadow; or protection : a place of refuge : (M,
L, Ķ :) either side of anything, that strengthens
it: (Ltlı, T:) anything that is in the vicinity of
a thing : (T:) coch miny of an army : (S, M, L,
Ķ:) carth that is put round a watering-trough or
tank, or round a tent, (S, M, L, K,) to strengthen
it, or to keep away from it the rain-water:
($, L:) any furtification : a fortified mountain:
(M, L., K :) a mountain that is inaccessible, or
difficult of access. (IAar, T.) [In the place of
one signification, Golins gives " cortex ;" having
found .LJ in the place of Gi. ] __ An elevated
tract, or u hrap, of sand. (M, K.) ___ Abundance
of camels [because they strengthen their owner].
(K.) __ The air; syn. ash. (K.)
.and see what next follows =: مُؤَيِّدُ scc: مُؤْيَدْ
,A great ,مُؤْمِنْ : of the siumc measurc ، مُؤْيِدْ
mighty, or serere, thing; (S, L, K ;) a calamity:
(T, S, M, L., Ķ :) or, accord. to As, it isAS,
with fet-h to the s, and signifies anything ren-
dered strony, or hard, or screre. (L.) [Sce 32to,
(.اود .in art
the latter irreg., by rule being) مُؤْيَدًا and مُؤَيِّدْ
Wife, TK,) Strengthened: (S, L, K:) aided;
or rendereil victorious : (L:) and the former,
strony, applied to a building. (M.)
Strengthening : (S, L:) aiding ; or'ren-
deriny victorious. (L.) The dim. also has this
form. (S.)
ایر
(,اور .and Kin art ,؟ ,T) ,يَئِبرُ .wor ◌ِآَرَهَا .1
inf. n. أير ; (T, TA;) or آرَهَا, nor . ◌ُيَؤُور ; (ISk, T;)
or both; (K ubi supra ;) Inivit cam; he com-
pressed her. (ISk, T, S, K.)
Hi The membrum virile; penis; veretrum :
(TA:) pl. [of pauc.] آير and آيار (S, M, K) and
كَانَ أَيْرُهُ - (L). أَيُرْ K) and؟) أُيُورٌ [.of mult]
Susi is a phrase meaning : He had many male
children. (T, TA.)
Si Having a large membrum virile, or penis;
(T, S, M, Ķ;) like Ul signifying "having a
large nosc." (T.)
¿Li The [Syrian] month [corresponding to
May, O. S .; ] preceding ◌ٌحَزِيرَان, or (as written
by Sapdce Efendee, TA) ◌ٌحُزَيْرَان. (So in different
copies of the K.)
si Iniens. (T, Ş, TA.)

137
Book I.]
je: pass. part. n. of 1, (T, S, TA,) of the same
measure as مصير ; i.g.مَنْبُوك . (TA.)
.and in Gol. Lex ,مَثِير TA, [in the CK ,1) مِثْبَرْ
",]) Qui multum coit. (K.)
ایس
يَأْيَسُ .M, Mgh, MeD, K,) Bor ,؟) وأَيسَ مِنْهُ .1
(Mab) , أَيَسْ .Mb),) inf.n) ويأيس Meb, K) and ,؟)
ويئس K,) or it has the same inf. n. as) , إياس or
namely يأس, (S,) with which "إياس is_ syn.,
(Mgh,) but this last is a contraction of y, of
the measure إيعاس, as determined by Az, and is
not an inf. n. of Ji as some think it to be,
: قنط .He despaired of it; syn (ييس .Mgh, art)
(K:) a diul. var. of يَيْس :(ISk, S, TA:) or it is
ويئس not so, but is formed by transposition from
because it has no [proper] inf. n. ; and We, the
proper name of a man, is not to be adduced in
والأوس from فعّال evidence, for it is of the measure
"the act of giving:" (Preface to the M, quoted
in the TA :) if it were a dinl. var. of ويئس they
,أيِسْ M, TA :) and): أَيِسْتُ for إستُ would say
incorrectly written أويس, also signifies the same.
.آيس ac: آيس = (.Mgh)
2: scc 4.
4. amli Hle made him to despair ; (Ķ;) like
.K,) inf. n ,$) ,أيَسهُ S,Mgh;) and so) ; أَيْأَسَهُ
(؟) . تَأْيِيسْ
.أيس Despairing] ; part. ns. of] آيسٌ ٧ and أَيِسٌ
(Mgh).) - [Hence,] آية [and accord. to Golius
Agli, both properly meaning Despairing of the
rreurrence of the menstrual flux ;] who has not
menstruated in a period of five and fifty years.
(KT.)
.أَيسْ sc: أَيْسَةً
.1 see: إيّاسُ
. أَيِسْ ace: آيِسْ
یش
.اى .in art ,أَىُّ boc: أَىُّ شَىْءٍ for , أَيْشَ
ایض
;عَادَ ٤.٩٠ , أَيْضُ.inf. n ,يَئِيضُ .mor ,آضّ .1
آضَ إلى ISk, S, M, Meb,° K;) as in the phrase)
He returned to the thing, i. e. to the doing] الشَّيْءِ
of the thing; he did the thing again, or a second
time]. (K.)-And i. g. ◌َرجع ; (S,M, Meb, K;)
as in the phrase ◌ِآضَ إِلَى أَهْلِه [He returned to his
فَعَلْتُ كَذَا family]. (S, M.)- In the phrase
in the آَضْ the last word is the inf. n. of ,أَيْضًا ا
sense of sle, (ISk, IDrd,S, M, Msb,") and in the
sense of+): (1Drd, M :) and the meaning is,
[I did such a thing again, or a second time;]
I returned to the doing of such a thing : (IDrd,
M :) or I did such a thing returning to what
had preceded. (Msb, K.") [It also, and more
commonly, signifies I did such a thing also.]
ایم- ایر
When one says, فَعَلْتُ ذُلِكَ أَيْضًا ٧ [I did that
again, &c.], you Bay; "قَدْ أَكْثَرْتَ مِنْ أَيْض [Thou
hast made much use of the expression Lagl], and
Let me alone and cease from] دَعْنِى مِنْ أَيْضٍ»
أَيْضُ ـ (.؟ ,ISk). [أيضا using the expression
also signifies ; A thing's becoming another, or a
different, thing; and being changed from its
state or condition [to another and a different
state or condition] : (Lth, Ķ :) so says Kh.
(Ham p. 356.) And آضَ كَذَا !He, or it, became
such a thing. (Lth, S, M," K.) You say, Jol
A, TA) 1 The blackness of his) سَوَادُ شَعْرِهٍ بَيّاضًا
hair became whiteness. (TA.) And Zuheyr says,
speaking of a land which he traversed,
.
قَطَعْتُ إِذَا مَا الآَلُ آَضَ كَأَنَّهُ
سُهُوُقْ تُنَحَّى سَاعَةً ثُمَّ تَلْتَقِى
·
[I traversed, when the mirage, or the mirage of
the morning, became as though it were swords
which were removed a while, then met]. (S.)
.sce above, in four places : أَيْضًا and أَيْضُ
ایك
اراك [nor. = , The [trees called , أَيِكَ الأَرَاك .1
became what is termed aki [n. un. of JŲi, q. v.];
as also استأيك. (K.) The former occurs in
poctry contracted into آي. (ISd, Sgh.)
10: sce 1.
SI Numerous, luxuriant or tangled or dense,
trees : (S, K :) or a place where water collerts
and sinks into the ground (aa;2) producing
[trees of the hinds called] , and Jil (Lth, K)
and similar soft trees : (Lth :) or a collection of
any trees; even, of palm-trees: (K:) or, as some
say, a place where [trees of the hind called] Ji
grow, and where is a collection of them : or,
necord. to AHIn, an abundant collection of Ji,l
in one place : (TA :) or trees ; said to be of the
[hind called] JI,l: (Msb:) n. un. with a: (S,
أَيْكةً مِنْ [,Msb, K, &c. : ) IAar says, [you may
(.Sh). قَصِيمَةٌ مِنْ غَضًا and رَهْطُ مِنْ عُشَرٍ ad أَّثْلٍ
: occurs in the Kur in four chapters أَصْحَابُ الْأَيْكَةِ
[xv. 78 and xxvi. 176 and xxxviii. 12 and 1. 13:]
(Şgli :) he who reads thus means, by the latter
word, الغَيْضَة [explained above, and also signify-
ing the thichet, or collection of tangled trees,
&c.]; ($, K ;) or the tangled, or luxuriant, or
abundant and deuse, trees : (TA :) another read-
ing is aky; accord. to which, this is the name
of the town [in which the people here mentioned
dwelt]: ($, K:) or, as some say, the two words
are [applied to the same place, ] like af, and iČ. :
(§:) but Zj says that another reading is allow-
able, and very good ; i. e. أَصْحَابُ لَيْكَة , as being
الَحْمَرُ قَدْ ,for the Arabs say ; الأيكة originally
لَّكَة Bo that ; الأَحْمَرُ for تَحْمَرُ جَلّغْنِى and جَاءَنِى
is like تَحَمَر .(TA.)
TA, [agreeably) وكَتِفْ TA,) like ,1) ,أَيْدٌ أَيِدْ
with the verb, but in the CK Jui,]) is a phrase
in which the latter word signifies & [ Putting
forth fruit; &c.]: (K, TA :) or, as some say,
it is an intensive epithet [signifying very abundant
or luxuriant or tangled &c. ]. (M, TA.)
ايل
Je! a name of God; (Lth, T, Ş, M, Ķ;) a
Hebrew word; (Lth, $;) or Syriac: ($:) it is a
dial. var. of J! [q. v.]: or the latter may bo
an arabicized form of the former: (Az, TA :)
Ibn-El-Kelbce says that ◌ُجَبْرَئِيل and ◌ُمِيكَائِيل and
: عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَانِ and عَبْدُ الله the like are similar to
(M;) [and J says,] they are like عبد الله and
",significs "servant جبر so that (: ؟): تَيْمُ الله
and is prefixed to Jul, governing it in the gen.
case : (M:) but this is not a valid assertion ; for'
were it so, such names would be perfectly decl. :
جبرئيل Suh says, in the R, that (:ال .M in art)
وعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَان is Syriac, and means
,عَبد العَزِيزِ ٥٣ ,عَبْدُ
as is related on the anthority of I'Ab : that most
persons hold Jul in this case to be a name of
God: but that some hold names of this kind
to be constructed inversely, after the manner of
the language of the 'Ajam ; Jul meaning servant.
(TA. [Sec what is said of J !. ])
.اول .Bcc art: إِيلَةً
One of the [إِ يلُولُ written by some] أَيْلُولُ
Grech [or Syriau ] months; (T," M, Ķzw;) the last
theroof [corresponding with September, O. S.].
(Ķzw.)
.اول _Bce art: إِيَّلْ: أُيَّلْ: أَيِّلْ: إِيَالَةُ: إِيَالْ
ایم
(,T,K) , تَئِيمُ .T, M, Mgh, K,) aor) ,آمَتْ .1
inf. n. al, (T, M, Mgli, Ķ,) or this is a simple
subst., (Mgb) and ◌ًإِيمَة and ◌ْأَيْم and ◌ْأَيُوم, (M,
K,) She had no husband; said of a virgin and
of one who is not a virgin ; (IApr, T, M, Mgh,
: ائتامت Lth , T, M) and) تأيمت ٧ K ;) as also
(M:) or, as some say, "U significa she lost
her husband by his death, she being still fit for
husbands, having in her a remaining force of
youth : (T:) and you say, وآمَتْ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا Ror.
,TA ,؟) , أُيُوَمْ and أَيْمْ and أَيْمَةٌ .inf. n ,تَئِيمُ
[accord. to the former app. signifying the same
as Col alone as explained above : or]) meaning
she became bereft of her husband by his death,
or by his being slain, and remained without
marrying. (TA.) And Ai, (T, Ş, Msb,) aor.
We, (T, Msb,) inf. n. agi, (T,) He had no
wife : (T, Msb :) or he lost his wife by her
death : (Ş, K," and Ham p. 650:) and he did
not marry; as also G. (Ham ubi supra.)
كَانَ يُتَّعَوّزَ ,.It is said of the Prophet, in a trad
T,S) He used to pray for preservation) مِنَ الأَيْمَةِ
from remaining long without a wife. (T.) And
Yezeed Ibn-El-Hakam Eth-Tbskafee says,
• كُلُّ أَمْرِيْ سَتَثِمُ مِنْهُ العِرْسُ أَوْ مِنْهَا يَئِمُ.
(S) i. e. Every man, the wife will be bereft of
him by his death, or he will be bereft of her
by her death. (Ham p. 531.) One says also,
Bk. I.
18

138
meaning [ What aileth him ?] May ,مَا لَهُ آَمْ وَعَامْ
his wife and his cattle die, or perish, so that he
shall have no wife (ٌحَتَّى يَئِيم) and be rehemently
desirous of milk (me). (S, K: [in the CK,
erroneously , أم وعام; and in a MS. copy of the
([.آم ولا عام ,K
2. Bi Zet inf. n. "t, God made him to have
no wife. (K,"TH.) And ◌َأيمْتُ المَرْآة , inf. n. as
above ; (Ham p. 11, and TA;") or foll, like
CA; (T, §;) I made the woman to be a
widow, by slaying her husband. (T, §, and
Ham ubi suprù.) Taïbața-sharrà says,
فَأَيَّمْتُ نِسْوَانًا وَأَيْتَمْتُ إِلَّدَةً
[ And I have made women widows, by slaying
their husbands ; and children fatherless]. (TA.)
.2 sce: أَأَمْتُ المَرْأَةَ .4
5. Et and G: see 1, in three places.
The former is also explained as signifying She
became forlorn (ْتَّحَوَشَت) of her husband. (K in
, تَأْيَّمَتْ زَمَانًا And also, (TA,) or (.حوش .art
(ISk, T, S,) She remained some time without
marrying. (ISk, T, Ş, TA.) And _G, (Mab,
K,) or buj Nu, (ISk, T, $,) He remained some
time without marrying. (ISk, T, Ş, Msb, K.)
8. ESEJí, written with the disjunctive alif
وَأَعْتَمْتُهَا M,K,) like) وأَنْتَمْتُهَا .1 Ree : ايتَامَتْ
(TA,) I took her as my wife, she being what is
termed l [without a husband]. (M, K.)
:أَثُ شَىْءٍ meaning ,أَىُّ مَا is a contraction of أهم
it is thas in the saying, ◌ُأيمَ هُوَيَا فُلَان [What
thing is it, O such a one?]: and ◌ُأَيْمَ تَقُول [What
ايمن for] يم الله=(.thing sayent thou?]. (TA
(.K) .يمن .sce in art: [الله
.أم .for all : sce art ,أَيَمْ
.أمّا and =: أَمَّا 800: أَيْمًا
إمَّا Bec: إِيمَا
أَيْمَى A man hose nifo has died: and أَيْمَانُ
,أيّامَى .A woman whose husband has died: pl
of both ; like as سَكَارَى is pl. of ◌ُسَكْرَان :accord.
to ISk, أيّامَى is originally ◌ُأَيَائِم .(Mob.) [See
also آيمَانُ عَيْمَانْ [.أيِم are epithets applied to a
man, (M, K, TA,) meaning Whose wife [und
cattle] have died or perished [so that he has no
wife and is vehemently desirous of milh ; as shown
above ; see 1, last signification]: (TA :) the
former relates to wives ; and the latter, to milk :
(S,K, TA :) fen. أَيْمَى عَيْمَى, applied to a
woman. (M, K.)
WI A woman having no husband; (Lth, T, S,
M, Mgh, Mab, K;) whether she be a virgin or
Not ; (IApr, T, S, M, Mgh, K ;) or whether she
have married before or not; (Şglı, Myb;) as
also a_l; (Msb;) [said to be] applied to one
who has not married: (IAar, T:) or if not a
virgin ; accord. to [the Imam] Mohammad ;
agreenbly with a reading of a trad. by which the
el is distinguished from the virgin : (Mgl. : )
also, the former, a man having no wife; (S, M,
این - ايم
[BOOK I.
| Mgh, Msb, K;) whether he have married before | [i. e.] fi is formed by transposition from Si:
or not : (S, Sgh, K :) or who has not married :
(IAar, T:) pl. ؟) أيّامَى,M,K) and ◌ُأَيَائِم ; (M,
Ķ;) the latter of which is the original form :
(S, M :) [or both, accord. to the Mab, are pls.
of ◌ُ٩.٧٠ , أَيْمَان :] and ◌َأيِمُون is a pl. applied to
men, and Sugi applied to women: and asi, also,
signifying men having no wires, is pl. of Si for
Al. (TA.) __ Also A free woman : (K :) pl.,
in this sense also, Li, used in this sense in
the Kur xxiv. 32, (T, TA,) accord. to some.
(TA.) __ And A female relation; (K;) in which
sense also Ll is pl. ; (T, TA ;) meaning such
as the daughter and the sister and the maternal
aunt. (T, K.)
.أَيَمْ BCc: آئِمْ
(M,K) لِلنّسَاءِ (T,S, M, Meb,K) الحَرْبُ مَأْيَمَةٌ
War is a cause of widoning to women ; it slays
the meu, and leaves the wives without husbands.
(T, Ş, M, Msb.)
&j" A rich, or wealthy, woman, or one
possessing competence or sufficiency, having no
husband. (Sgh, K.)
.ام .in art رآمَّةٌ Bec : مآثِمُ
این
im a copy of the] ,أَيْنْ .inf. n [,يَئِينُ .nor] ,آن .1
Mgb, ◌َأَين, nor. ◌ُيَاءَن, inf. n. ◌ْأيَن, but as this is at
variance with all other authorities known to inc,
I regard it as a mistranscription,] IIc was, or
became, fatigued, or tired : (T, M :) so says IAar :
(T:) and Aş says the like : (TA, from a marginal
note in a copy of the $ :) [sce also what I have
cited from the Maghnce voce 31, last sentence :]
in proof of this, IAar cites the following ex., from
a poet :
.
إِنَّا وَرَبِّ القُلُصِ الضَّوَامِرِ
.
[We were, or have become, fatigued, by the Lord
of the lean and lank-bellied youthful she-camels] :
but Lthi says that there is no verb derived from
Sal, in this sense, except in poetry : (T:) Aboo-
Mohammad says that the ouly instance is that
cited above : (TA :) [it is not disputed that]
signifies fatigue, or the being fatigued or tired :
(§, K:) AZ says that it has no verb formed from
it; but on this point he has been contradicted :
($:) A'Obeyd also says that it has no verb.
(M.) == آن, aor. ◌ُيَثِين, inf. n. ◌ٌ؟) ,أَيْن,M, Msb,
K, &c., [but see what follows, ]) also signifies Its
time came ; (ُأَتَّى وَقَتَّه ;) as also أَنّى :(Bd lvii. 15:)
it was, or became, present : it came, or attained,
to its time; to its full, or final, time, or state ; to
maturity: it was, or became, or drew, near : syn.
(: 455 .Ham p): أَنَى like ; أَدْرَكَ M:) and): أَنّى
and حان :($, M, Mgb,K:) and ◌َقُرب .(Mughnee
voce ◌َّإن.) You say, أنّ لَكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا, nor.
and inf. n. as above, (AZ, $,) i. e. Su [The time
has come, or has drawn near, for thee to do, or
that thou shouldst do, such a thing]; like _Ji:
and it is formed from it by transposition : ($:)
(Msb :) or آن is a dial. var. of أنّى; not formed
from it by transposition, [nor is the reverse the
case,] because of the existence of the inf. n. [of
cach]: (M :) or gi is formed by transposition
from Ji, because the latter has an inf. n. and the
former has not : 80 says Aa: for Ji does not
belong to this; its meaning being only :Le! and
5: or, accord. to AZ, Si has an inf. n., namely
Sal; and if the case be so, the two [verbs] are
equal; neither being the original of the other:
(IJ in the Khashis : ) Suh, in the R, asserts that
(:TA): أنّى is formed by transposition from أن
the assertion of El-Bekree, that Si is originally
with , [for its medial radical letter], and that it is
of the class of ولى, nor. يَلِى, requires cousidera-
tion, and involves what is contrary to rule. (MF.)
You say also, ؟) ,آنَ أَيْنُلك,M, K,) and إينْك, (M,
K,) and ؟), آنُك,K,) i.c.َحَانَ حِينُك [Thy time,
or season, came, or hath come : or drew near, or
hath drawn near]. (S, M, K.)
is n noun denoting the الآنَ - أَيْنْ scc: آنْ
present time ; (S, M, Msb, K;) [signifying At
the present time; now; for] it is an adverbial
noun; (S, M&b, K ;) one which, in a place where
it is fitting to be used as such, may not be used
otherwise ; occurring in a determinate sense; (S,
Ķ ;) the Ji being inseparable from it; (IJ, M,
Meb ;) not prefixed to it for the purpose of ren-
dering it determinate, because it has not that
which participates in its menning : (S, MRb, K :)
as Ibn-Es-Sarraj says, there is not one Si and
another i : (Mab:) [accord. to ISd, who quotes
a long disquisition by IJ on this word,] the Ji
which is expressed in this case is redundant,
because the noun is determinate without it, but it
is rendered so by another Ji, which is understood,
as in the case of si: so says IJ, following
Aboo-'Alec; and his is the corrcet opinion : (M -: )
Fr says that it is a particle, compounded with Ji,
which is inseparable from it; and that it is
originally أوان [or ◌َالْأَوَان] : or that it may have
originated from the phrase ◌ْآَنَ لَكَ أَنْ تَفْعَل [cx-
plained above], and is therefore mansoob, like
Js and JU when used as nouns: but Zj disallows
its originating from Si; and says that the right
opinion is that of Kh, that Syf is indecl. with
fet-h for its termination, and that the Jt is pre-
fixed because the meaning is cigit Lis; and
this is the opinion of Sb. (T.) You say, Syf'ui
Ijs JAI [I, at the present time, or nom, do,
or will do, thus, or such a thing]. (M.) And
meaning I was, in this time, of ,كُنْتُ الْآَنَّ عِنْدَهُ
which part is present and some portions have
passed, with him, or in his presence. (IJ, M.)
And when you mean the kind of expression
which is used in this saying, you say, Si
The term " now" is the limit of the two] الزَّمَانَيْنِ
times; namely the past and the future]; thus
pronounced, marfooa: so says IJ: but in the
Book of Sb we read, ◌ِالآنَ حَدُّ الزَّمَانَيْن , with
naab: and in like manner, in the same, Juf 51
[ Now is thy time]; the former with nasb and the

139
Book I.]
Intter with refp. (M.) You say also, Syl
Byf [This is the present time] : andy ,
meaning I came not save at the present ,أَوَانَ الْآنَ
time, or now : with the last word mansoob in both
حتَّى الْآَنَ and إِلَى الْآَنَّ instances. (ISh, T.) [And
To the present time and until the present time;
i. c. hitherto. And ◌َّمِنَ الآن From the present
time ; henceforward.] Sometimes the hemzeh
[after the J] is suppressed, and its vowel is trans-
ferred to the J; so that you say Sys. (Bd ii.66.)
And sometimes also the J is pronounced with
fet-ha and both the hemzchs are suppressed; so
that you say Sý. (S, K.) And sometimes &
is prefixed to it, like as it is to e; so that you
Bmy ◌َثَلَان , like ns you say ◌َتَحِين .(El-Umawee,
([. تلن .A 'Obeyd. [See art
Jel Fatigue. (S, K, &c.) [Whether it be a
simple subst., or an inf. n., and, if the latter,
wlicther it be an inf. n. of gi only in the former
of the two senses assigned to that verb above, or
in both these senses, is doubted : sec 1, through-
out. ] == A time; a season ; syn. De; (S, M,
K;) as niso ! (M, K) and Si. ($, Ķ.)
[Sce 1, last sentence.]
Sel is an adverbial noun, (Mb,) an interroga-
tive respecting a place : (S, M, Mah, Ķ :) [signi-
fving Where? in whut place?]: Zj says that it
is an interrogative particle, like S: (T:) [ISd
مِنْ أَيْنَ ,pmys,J it is a noun, because you say
[meaning From what place? whence?]: (M :)
[and you pay ulwo, ◌َإِلَى أَيْن To what place?
whither ?]: it is ulwuys mansoob, unless you
prefix the article to it, saying y [which means
The place where] : (Lth, T :) it is fem .; but may
he made mase. (Ll), M.) You say, 3 351
Where, or in what place, is Zeyd? (S, Mab.)
And J Jel [Where is thy house, or tent?].
(M.) And ◌َأَيْنَ يُذْهَبُ بِك , which may mean
Where, or whither, wilt thou be taken away, and
what will be done with thee and made to come to
pass with thee, if this be thine intellect? or,
accord. to Mtr, it is a saying of the people of
Bughdad, addressed to him whom they charge
with foolish judgment or opinion, as meaning
Where, or whither, is thine] أَيْنَ يُذْهَبُ بِعَقْلِكَ
intellect taken away ?]. (Har p. 574.) [And
What وَذَاكَ and عَنْ ذَاكَ and أَيْنَ هُذَا مِنْ ذَاكَ
place does this hold in relation to that, or in com-
parison with that? what is this in relation to
that, or in comparison with that ? what has this
to do with that? what has this in common with
that ?] __ It also denotes a condition : when you
Bay , ◌ْأَيْنَ تَجْلِسْ أَجْلِس [Where thou sittest, I will
sit], the sitting must be in one place : and & is
added to it; so that you say, أَيُنْمَا تَقُمْ أَقْم [Wher-
erer thou standest, I will stand]. (Msb.)_ It
also occurs used as a proper name of a particular
place : thus the poct Homeyd Ibn-Thowr speaks
of his companions as being بأيْنَ وَاينما [app.
meaning In certain places : where and wherever
those places were, there were my companions]: in
which case it is divested of the meaning of an
interrogative, and is imperfectly decl. because
ايه - این
determinate and of the fem. gender. (M, L. [In
one copy of the former, بانى واينها, which may
([.بأىَّ وَأَيْنَمَا ,٠٧٠ q, أىّ mean the same; and voco
.أيْنْ Bee: إِينَ
or ,فَعَّال T,S, M, &c.,) of the mensure) ، أيَّانَ
it may be of the measure Os, (Mab,) also pro-
nounced 551, (T, S, M, K,) the latter of the
dial. of Suleyin, mentioned by Fr, (T, S,) and by
Zj, (M,) is an interrogative respecting a time, (T,
Ș, Msb,) but only respecting a time not come :
(T:) signifying When? (S, M, Msb;) at what
time? (Msb, Ķ:) it is fem .; but may be made
masc. : (Lh, M :) and it may be pronounced with
imáleh, though not belonging to a class of words
regularly subject to imáleh. (TA.) It is said in
the Kur [xvi. 22 and xxvii. 67], accord. to dif-
ferent rendings, ◌َأيَّانَ يُبْعَثُون or ◌َإِيَّان [When they
shall be raised to life]; (T, S, M;) i. e. when
shall be the resurrection. (Aboo-Is-hak, T.) But
you may not say, ◌َأَيَانَ فَعَلْتَ ذَاك as meaning
When didst thou that? (T.) _ IJ says that,
were it syn. with , it would be conditional;
whereas it was not mentioned by his colleagues
among the adverbs used conditionally, as . and
Sa &c. : but sometimes it has a conditional
meaning, though that meaning be not explicit.
(M.) A poet says,
.
·
أَیَّانَ نُؤْمِنْكَ تَأْمَنْ غَيْرَنَا وَإِذَا
تَمْ تُدْرِكِ الأَمْنَ مِنَّا لَمْ تَزَلْ حَذِرًا
·
[When we grant thee security, thou wilt be secure
from others than us ; and when thou obtainest
not security from us, thou wilt not cease to be in
a state of feur]. (I'Ak p. 300.)
.in two places , أَيَّانَ see: إيَّانَ
¿si part. n. of gi in both its senses.
. أَوَانْ see: آيِنَةٌ
ايه
2. 4 1, (S, TA,) and, accord. to some, or,
(TA,) and , (K, TA,) inf. n. t, ($, Ķ,) He
cried out to, or shouted to, and called, ($, K, TA,)
them, namely, camels, ($, TA,) and, accord. to
some, horses, and men, (TA,) and him, (K, TA,)
namely, a camel : (TA :) or l signifies he
said to him, namely, a man, and a horse, ;
[Ho! On!]: (A 'Obeyd:) and he said to him,
namely, a man, ◌ُيَا أَيَّهَا الرَّجُل [O thou man]: (K:)
or he called him, namely, a man, as though he said
to him, يا أيّها الرجل :(IAth:) and he cried out
to him, or at him ; or drove him away with
crying or a cry; namely, an object of the chase.
(TA.)
[4] would seem to be a dial. var. of 25; for
it is said that] Jel is syn. with dis. (K : [but
.أَيْهَات sce: أيها == ([.ويه see
4!, with the . quiescent, is a word used in
chiding, or checking ; meaning , [ Sufficient
for thee is such a thing; &c.]. (ISd, Ķ.)_
! signifies, (§, K,) as also 21, (K,) a command
to be silent, (§, Ķ,) and to abstain ; ($, TA;)
i. e. Be silent ; and abstain, or desist : (TA :)
both are used in chiding, or checking : and e is
used in the place of 21. (Lth, TA.) You say
[also, ] te W! Be silent, and abstain from [trou-
bling] us. ($, TA.) And إيَّهَا عَنِّى الآن Abstain
thou from [troubling] me now. (AZ, TA.)_
W! also occurs as meaning I hold that to be true,
and approve it. (IAth, TA.) =! , as also !
and !, is a word denoting a desire, or demand,
for one to add, or to give, or do, more; (Lth,
Ķ;) and a desire for one to speak : (Ķ :) it (i. e.
4!) is an imperative verbal noun, (§,) indecl.,
with kesr for its termination : (K:) you say to a
man, when you desire, or demand, his telling or
saying more of a [certain] story or subject of dis-
course, or his doing more of a [certain] deed, 41,
with kesr. to the .; ($;) [i. c. Tell me, or say,
more of this ; say on ; go on, or proceed, with
this; or do more of this ; ] and Jesi ~ [Go on,
or proceed, with this; do it]; (AZ;) md for
!, you say, de: (Lth :) but when you mako
no interruption after it, you pronounce it with
tenween, (ISk, S, K,) and say 41, (ISk, §.)
which means Use [i. e. Tell us, or relate to us,
something]; (Ks, Lh, ISk," $;") and for this
one says de, by substitution of one letter for
another: (Ks, Lh :) or it means si [i. e. tell, or
say, or do, something more] ; and St [i. e. give,
or relate, something]; (Har p. 592 ;) and "ci
[i. e. speah ]. (Idem p. 419.) In the following
saying of Dhu-r-Rummeh,
وَقَلْنَا وَقُلْنَا إِيهِ عَنْ أُمِّ سَالِ
وَمَا بَالُ تَكْلِيمِ الدِّيَارِ البَلَاقِعِ
[We stopped, and we said, Toll us some tidings :
inform us (Úpil being app. understood) respect-
ing Umm-Salim : but what is the case (meaning
what is the use) of speaking to the vacant dwell-
ings?], he has used the word without tenween,
though making no interruption after it, because
he intended a pause. (ISk, §.) Ibn-Es-Seree
says, When you say, J, Y , you only com-
mand him to tell you more of the subject of
discourse known to you and him, as though
you said, ◌ُهَاتِ الحَدِيث [Give, or relate, the story,
or narrative, O man]: but if you say, , with
هَاتِ حَدِيثًاً مَّا ,tenween, it is as though you said
[ Give, or relate, some story or narrative], because
the tenween renders indeterminate : and Dhu-r-
Rummeh meant the tenween, but omitted it
through necessity. (S.) As says that Dhu-r-
Rummeh has committed a mistake; the expres-
sion of the Arabs being only ~! [in a case of this
kind]: ISd says, the truth is, that it is without
tenween when determinate, and with tenween
when indeterminate ; and that Dhu-r-Rummeh
asks the ruins to tell him more of a known
story, as though he said, Relate to us the story,
or tell us the tidings: (TA :) Aboo-Bekr Ibn-
Es-Sarráj says, citing this verse, that af is not
known in a case of this kind without tenween
in any of the dialects; meaning that it is never
conjoined with a following word unless it be
with tenween. (IB, TA.)
18 ·

140
ايه
[Book I.
Wl: see what next follows.
Far, or far from being] هَيْهَاتَ .q.، أَيْهَاتْ
believed or from the truth, is such a thing: or
remoteness, or remoteness from being believed or
from the truth, is to be attributed to such a
thing] :as also * ◌ٍ؟), أَيْهَان,K,) and أَيْهَانَ ٧ , (K,
TA, in the CK Suji,) [and several other dial.
vars., for which see هيهات,] and أيها , (TA; | tion : (TA:) or the meaning is البعد, [as I have
and so in some copies of the $ and K; in other
copies of these, il; [but the former is app.
the right; ]) with the & [or the S] suppressed,
(TA,) which is said in pronouncing [a thing] to
be remote [whether in a proper or a tropical sense]:
بعيد as meaning أيهان + S, TA :) Th explains)
making ,بعدَ ذلك AA explains it as meaning: ذلك
it a verbal noun ; and this is the correct explana-
indicated above,] (Ķ in art. deb,) but this is only
when J is prefixed to what follows it, as Sb says.
([.هَيْهَات TA. [Sce)
.in three places ,أَيْهَات see: أَيْهَانِ und أَيْهَانَ
El Having a strong, or loud, voice; and
vigilant, or wary. (Ham p. 675.)
.last portion of the pamgraph ; أَيِّ scc: أيُّها

[BOOK I.]
The second letter of the alphabet : called :U and
the latter of which (;باب الالف اللينة TA in) ; بَا
forma is used in spelling ; like as are its analogues,
as G [and U] and L [and L' and }}] and Uo [und
Us and U and b] and L; because in this case
they are not generally regarded as nouns, but
as mere sounds : (Sh, M :) [these are generally
pronounced with imaleh, i. e. bé, té, &c., with
the exception of , le, Uo, and Us ; and when
they are regarded as nouns, their duals are ,
and that of ; بَاءَاتْ is باء e. : ] the pl. of& , ثَيَانِ
V is figl. (TA ubi supra.) It is one of the
letters terined By: [or vocal, i. e. pronounced
with the voice, and not with the breath only];
and of those termed A [or labial] ; and of
those termed &'s [or pronounced with the cx-
tremity of the tongue or the lips]: Kh says that
the letters of the second and third classes above
mentioned [the latter of which comprises the
former] are those composing the words ,
; and on necount of their easiness of utterance,
they abound in the composition of words, so that
no perfect quinqueliteral-radical word is without
one or more of them, unless it is of the class
termed Nye, not of the classical langunge of
the Arabs. (TA ut the commencement of
.I.) __ In the dial. of Mazin, it is changed into
; (TA ubi suprà;) as in ác,, which thus becomes
باب الالف the town of Mekkeh]. (TA in] مُعَةُ
aqui.) = > is a preposition, or particle govern-
ing the gen. cuse ; (S, Mughnec, K ;) having
kesr for its invariable termination because it is
impossible to begin with a letter after which one
makes n pause ; (S ;) or, correctly speaking,
having a vowel for its invariable termination
because it is impossible to begin with a quiescent
letter; and having kesr, not fet-h, to make it
accord with its government [of the gen. case],
and to distinguish between it and that which is
both a uonn and a particle. (IB.) It is used
to denote adlicsion (Sb, T, S, M, Mughnce, Ķ)
of the verb to its objective complement, (S,)
or of a noun or verb to that to which it is itself
prefixed; (TA;) and adjunction, or association :
(Sb, T:) and some say that its meaning of dc-
noting adhesion is inseparable from it; and there-
fore Sb restricted himself to the mention of this
meaning : (Mnghnce:) or Sb says that its pri-
mary meaning is that of denoting adhesion and
mixture. (Ibn-Es-Saigh, quoted in a marginal
note in a copy of the Mughnec.) It denotes adhe-
sion [&c. ] in the proper sense ; (Mugbuce, Ķ ;) as
in ◌ِأُمْسَكْتُ بِزَيْد , (M, Mughnee, K,) meaning
I laid hold upon, or seized, [ Zeyd, or] somewhat
of the body of Zeyd, or what might detain him,
as an arm or a hand, or a garment, and the like;
whereas "Col may mean I withheld him, or
restrained him, from acting according to his own
free will : (Mughnce :) and it denotes the same
in a tropical sense; (Mughincc, K;) as in S,
Hje [I passed by Zeyd]; ($, Mughnce, Ķ ;) as
though menning I made my passing to adhere
to Zeyd; ($;) or I made my passing to adhere
to a place near to Zeyd: accord. to Akh, it is
for ◌ِمَرَرْتُ عَلَى زَيْد ; but ◌ِمَرَرَتْ بِه is more common
than مررت عليه, and is therefore more properly
regarded as the original form of expression :
(Mughnce :) accord. to F, the vowel of this pre-
position is kesr [when it is prefixed to a noun
or a pronoun]; or, as some say, it is fet-h when
: مر بزيد it is with a noun properly so called ; asin
so in the K; this being the reverse of what they
have prescribed in the case of [the preposition]
J: but in the case of , no vowel but kesr is
known. (MF.) It denotes the same in the saying
" ~ [In him is a disease; i. c. a discase is
cleuving to him]: and so [accord. to some] in
att Comis [ I swore, or, emphatically, I swear,
by God; and similar phrases, respecting which
sce a later division of this paragraph]. (L.) So,
too, in أَشْرَكَ بِاللّه, bceanse mcaning Me associated
another with God: and in ◌ِوَكَّلْتُ بِقُلّان,mcan-
ing I associated a J.S, [or furtor &c. ] with
such a one. (T.) [And so in other phrases here
following.] ◌ِعَلَيْكَ بِزَيَد Kcep thou to Zeyd: or
take thou Zeyd. (TA voce عَلَيَّكَ بِكَذَا (.عَلَى Keep
thou to such a thing : (El-Munawce:) or take thou
such a thing. (Ham p. 216.) Es, 4% Keep
thou to it, فيها meaning فَعَلَيْكَ بِهَا, (Mgh in art.
or [, فَعَلَيْهِ بها .or let him heep to it, i. e] (نعم
thou hast taken to, or adopted and followed, or
adhered to, the established way, or the way esta-
blished by the Prophet, i. e. SJLl aris, (Mgh,)
or he hath taken to, &c., i. e. JElabas, (IAth,
TA in art. wi,) or by this practice, or action,
is excellence uttained, or he will attain excellence,
يَنَّالُ or,فَبِهْذِهِ الخَصْلَةِ أَوِ الفَعْلَةِ يُنّالُ الفَضْلُ .i. c
Jai; (IAth ubi supra;) and excellent is the
practice, the established way, or the way esta-
ونعمت meaning ونعمت ,blished by the Prophet
aus aides, (Mgh,) or and excellent is the
؟) ,وَنِعْمَتِ الخَصْلَةُ .practice, or the action, i. e
: وَنِعْمَتِ الحَصْلَةُ أَوِ الفَعْلَةُ or (ونعم .and K in art
(IAth ubi suprà :) and it also occurs in a trad.,
where the meaning is [He who hath done such
a thing hath adhered to the ordinance of indul-
gence; and excellent is the practice, or action,
فبالرخصة [is meant to imply فيها c. : for here&
JAi. (TA in the present art. See also art. . )
__ It is also used to render a verb transitive;
(Mughnce, Ķ ;) having the same effect as hemzch
[prefixed], in causing [what would otherwise be]
the agent to become an objective complement;
as in ◌ِذَهَبْتُ بِزَيْد syn. with ◌ُأَذْهَبْتُه [I made Zeyd
to go away; or I took him away]; (Mughnce ;)
ذَهَبَ اللهُ بِنُورِهِمْ [,16 .and hence, [in the Kur ii
[God taketh away their light]; (Mughnec, K ;)
which refutes the assertion of Mbr and Suh, that
;means [I went away with Zeyd دَهَبْتُ بِزَيْدِ
i. e.] I accompanied Zeyd in going away.
(Mughnce.) J says that any verb that is not
trans. yon may render so by means of _ and !
[prefixed] and reduplication [of the medial radical
letter]: you say, طار به and ◌ُأَطَارَه and ◌ُطَيَّرَه Ins
meaning He made him to fly, or to fly away]:
but IB says that this is not correct as of common
application ; for some verbs are rendered trans.
by means of hemzch, but not by reduplication ;
and some by reduplication, but not by hemzeh ;
and some by , but not by hemzch nor by re-
duplication : you smy, دَفَعْتُ زَيدًا بِعمرو [as mean-
ing I made ' Amr to repel Zeyd, lit. I repelled
Zeyd by ' Amr], but not dasist nor 2633. (TA.)
__ It also denotes the employing a thing as an
aid or instrument; (S, M," Mughnce, Ķ;") as
in ◌ِكَتَبْتُ بِالقَلَم [I wrote with the reed-pen];
(S, Mughnee, K;) and ◌ِنَجَرْتُ بِالقَدُوم [Iworked
as a carpenter with the adz]; (Mughnec, K ;)
and ضَرَبْتُ بالسَّيف [I struch mith the sword].
(M) And hence the ب in بسم الله, (Mughnec,
Ķ,) accord. to some, because the action [before
which it is pronounced] is not practicable in the
most perfcet manner but by means of it: (Mugh-
nee :) but others disallow this, because the name
of God should not be regarded as an instrument :
(MF, TA :) and some say that the _ here is
to denote beginning, as though one said, fre;
di [I begin with the name of God]. (TA.)
- It also denotes a cause ; as in
Verily ye have wronged] انْفُسُكُمْ بَاتَّخَاذِكُمُ الْعِجْلَ
yourselves by, i. e. because of, your tahing to
yourselves the calf as a god (Kur ii. 51)]; and
in ◌ِفَكُلَّا أَخَذْنَا بِذَتْبِه [And every one of these we
have punished for, i. e. because of, his sin (Kur
لَنْ يَدْخُلَ xxix. 30)]; (Mughnee, K;) and in
Not any of you shall enter] أَحَذُكُمُ الجَنَّةَ بِعَمَلِهِ
Paradise by, or for, or because of, his works].
تَقِيتُ بِزَيْدٍ الأَسْدَ TA from a trad.) And so in)
I met, or found, by reason of my meeting, or
finding, Zeyd, the lion : (Mughnee :) or the
in this instauce denotes comparison ; [i. e. I met,
or found, in Zeyd the like of the lion;] as also
in ◌َرَأَيْتُ بِغُلَانِ القَمَر [I man in such a one the

142
[BOOR I.
like of the moon]. (TA.) Another ex. of the
garne usage is the saying [of a poet],
قَدْ سُقِيَتْ آبَالُهُمْ بِالنَّارِ
·
وَالتَّارُ قَدْ تَشْفِى مِنْ الأُوَّارِ
·
[Their camels had been watered because of the
brand that they bore : for fire, or the brand,
sometimes cures of the heat of thirst]; i. e.,
because of their being branded with the names
[or marks] of their owners, they had free access
left them to the water. (Mughnce. See also
another reading of this verse voce ju.) [In like
manner ] it is used in the sense of مِنْ أجْل [which
means بسبب (Myb in art. اجل)] in the saying
of Lebced,
غُلُبْ تَشَدّرَ بِالدُّحُولِ كَأَنَّهَا
جِنّ البَدِيِّ رَوَّاسِيَا أَقْدَامُهَا
·
($) Thick-necked men, like lions, who threat-
ened one another because of rancorous feelings, as
though they were the Jinn of the valley El-Bedec,
[or of the desert, (TA in art. , ,)] their feet
standing firm in contention and obstinate alterca-
tion. (EM pp. 174 and 175.) It is siso used to
denote a cause when prefixed to Si, and to ;
as in ◌ِذُلِكَ بِأَتَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَكْفُرُونَ بِآيَاتِ اللَّه [That was
berause they used to disbelieve in the signs of
God]; and in ذلِكَ بِمَا عَصَوْا [That was because
they disobeyed]: both instances in the Kur ii. 58.
(Bd.) ___ It is also used to denote concomitance,
as syn. with ; (Mughnee, K ;) as in
I bought the horse with his] الفَرَسَ بِلِجَامِهِ وَسَرْجِهِ
bit and bridle and his saddle]; (TA;) and in
-i. e. When he san me ad , لَّمَّا رَآنِى بِالسِّلَّاَجِ هَرَّبَ
vancing with the weapon, [he fled; ] or when he
san me possessor of a weapon ; (Sh, T;) and in
Descend thou with security, or with] أهْبِطْ بِسَلَّامِ
وَقَدْ دَخَلُوا بِالْكُفْرِ greeting (Kur xi. 50)]; and in
[They having entered with unbelief (Kur v. 66)];
(Mughnec, K ;) ¿O4 being a denotative of state.
(B.) Authors differ respecting the _ in the
saying, ◌َفَسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدٍ رَبِك, in the Kur [xv. 98 and
cx. 3]; some saying that it denotes concomitance,
and that is prefixed to the objective comple-
سَبِّحْهُ حَامِدًا لَهُ ,ment, so that the meaning is
[ Declare thou his (thy Lord's) freedom from
everything derogatory from his glory, praising
{Tim], i. c. declare thou his freedom from that
which is not suitable to Him, and ascribe to Him
that which is suitable to Him ; but others say that
it denotes the employing a thing as an aid or
instrument, and that is prefixed to the agent,
سَبِّحْهُ بِمَا حَمِدَ بِهِ نَفْسَهُ ,so that the meaning is
[declare thou his (thy Lord's) freedom from
everything derogatory from his ylory by means of
ascribing to Him that wherewith He hath praised
himself] : and so, too, respecting the saying,
some asscrting that it is ; سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِلَ
one proposition, the , being redundant; but others
saying, it is two propositions, the , being # con-
junction, and the verb upon which the _ is
dependent being suppressed, so that the meaning
is, [I declare thy freedom from everything dero-
[and with the praising of Thec, or by means of
the praise that belongeth to Thec, I declare thy
freedom &c. ]. (Muglince. [Other explanations
of these two phrases have been proposed; but
those given above are the most approved. ]) You
also say, . Sie, meaning Bring thou him, [i. c.]
come with him, to me. (Har p. 109.) is Esta
بِرْحْبِهَا in the Kur ix. 119, means ,اٌلْأَرْضُ بِمَا رَحُبَتْ
[i. e. The earth became strait to them, with,
meaning notwithstanding, its amplitude, or spa-
ciousness]. (Bd.) Sometimes the negative y
intervenes between ~ [denoting concomitance]
and the noun governed by it in the gen. case; [50
1] جِئْتُ بِلَا زَادِ signifies Without ;] as in بلا that
came without travelling-provision]. (Muglince
and Kin art. y.)_ It is also syu. with _ before
a noun signifying a place or a time; (Mughnec,"
K,TA;) as in ◌ِجَلَسْتُ بِالمَسْجِد [I sat in the
mosque] ; (TA;) and ◌ٍوَلَقَدْ نَصَرَضُمُ اللهُ بِيَدْر [And
verily God aided you against your enemies at
Bedr (Kur iii. 119)]; and ◌ِنَجَيْنَاهُمْ بِسَحَر [We
saved them a little before daybreak (Kur liv. 34)] :
(Mughnee, K, TA:) and so in بأيَكُمُ الْمَعْتُون, (T,
Ķ,) in the Kur [Ixviii. 6], (TA,) accord. to some,
(T, Mughnee,) i. e. In which of you is madness ;
or in which of the two parties of you is the mad :
(Bd:) or the > is here redundant; (Sb, Bd,
Mughnee;) the meaning being which of you is
he who is afflicted with madness. (Bd. [See also
a later division of this paragraph. ]) ___ It also
denotes substitution ; [meuning Instead of, or in
place of;] as in the saying [of the Hamasce
(Mughnee)],.
فَلَيْتَ لِى بِمُ قَوْمَّا إِذَا رَكِبُوا
شَتُّوا الإِغَارَةَ فُرْسَانًا وَرُكْبَانًا
[Then would that I had, instead of them, a people
who, when they mounted their beasts, poured the
sudden uttach, they being horsemen and camel-
riders]; (Ham p. 8, Mughnec, K;) i. e., ' ý5 :
(TA:) hut some read slény! 1,26, [and so it is
in some, app., the most correct, of the copies of
the Mughnec, ] for ajtys 1, 6 [hastened for the
making a sudden attack]. (Ham, Mughnee.)
اعْتَضْتُ بِهْذَا الثَّوْبِ خَيْرًا مِنْهُ ,So, too, in the saying
[I received, in the place of this gurment, or piece
تَقِيتُ بِزَيْدٍ بَحْرًا of cloth, one better than it]; and
[I found, in the place of Zeyd, a man of abundant
generosity or beneficence]; and Dig lis [This is
instead, or in the place, of that ; but see another
explanation of this last phrase in what follows].
(The Lubáb, TA.) ___ It also denotes requital; or
the giving, or doing, in return; (Mughnce, K ;)
and in this case is prefixed to the word signifying
the substitute, or thing given or done in exchange
[or return ; or to the word signifying that for
which a substitute is given, or for which a thing
is given or done in exchange or return]; (Mugh-
nee;) as in the saying, ◌ِاشْتَرَيْتُهُ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَم [I])}-
chased it for a thousand dirhems]; (Muglince,
Ķ ;* ) [and in the saying in the Kur ix. 112,
إِنَّ اللّهَ أَشْتَرَى مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ بِأَنَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ سَبَحْتُكَ [,gatory from thy glory, O God
Verily God hath purchased of the believers لهُمُ الْجَنَّةَ
their souls and their possessions for the price of
كَافَأْتُ إِحْسَانَهُ بِضِعْفِ their having Paradise; ] and
[I requited his beneficence with a lihe beneficence,
or with double, or more], (Mughnee,) or Bule
I requited him with the like, or] بضعُفِ إحْسَانِهِ
with double the amount, or with more than double
the amount, of his beneficence], (K,) but the
خَدَمَ بِطَعَامِ بَطْنِهِ former is preferable; (TA;) [and
($ and A &c. in art. Je,) He served for, meaning
in return far, the food of his belly ; ] and
.
هُذَا بِذَاكَ وَلاَ عَتْبْ عَلَى الزَّمَنِ
.
[This is in return for that, (an explanation somc-
what differing from one in the next preceding
division of this paragraph,) and no blame is im-
أُوْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ بِمّا ,putable to furtune] : and hence
3,45 # [ Enter ye Paradise in return for
that which ye wrought (Kur xvi. 34)]; for the
here is not that which denotes a cause, as the
Montezilch assert it to be, and as all [of the Sun-
nccs] hold it to be in the saying of the Prophet,
before cited and] لَنْ يَدْخُلَ أَحَدُكُمُ الجَنَّةَ بِعَمَلِهِ
explained]; because what is given instead of some-
thing is sometimes given gratuitously ; and it is
evident that there is no mutual opposition between
the trad. and the verse of the Kur-ún. (Mughnce.)
-It is also syn. with &e; and is said to be
peculiar to interrogation; as in i & JCU
[And ash thou respecting Ilim, or it, one posses-
sing knowledge (Kur xxv. 60)]; (Mughnec, Ķ ;)
and accord. to IAnr in the Kur lxx. 1; (T;) and
in the saying of 'Alkamch,
فَإِنْ تْأَلُونِى بِالنِّسَاءِ فَإِنَّنِى
بَصِيرُ بِأُدْوَاءِ النِّسَآءِ خَبِيرٌ
.
[And if ye ash me respecting the diseases of
women, verily I am knowing in the discases of
women, skilful] : (A'Oheyd, TA :) or it is not
وَيَوْمَ تَشَقَّقُ السَّمَاءُ peculiar to interrogation ; as in
Ani [And the day when the heavens shall be
rent asunder from the clouds (Kur xxv. 27)];
(Mughnee, K;) and مَا غَرَّكَ بِرَبِّك (K) i. e. What
hath beguiled thee from thy Lord, and from
believing in him? in the Kur Ixxxii. 6; and so
in the same, Ivii. 13: (TA : [but sce art. )} :])
or, accord. to Z, the ب in بالغمام means by, as by
an instrument ; (Mughnee ;) or it means because
of, or by means of, the rising of the clouds there-
from : (Bd :) and in like manner the Bagrces
explain it as occurring in imesi & JLt, as de-
noting the cause; and they assert that it is never
syn. with De; but their explanation is improbable.
(Muglince.) _ It is also ayn. with sie ; as in
If] (؟) بِدِينَارٍ Mughnce, K*) or) إِنْ تَأْمَنْهُ بِقِنْطَارٍ
thou give him charge over a hundredweight or
over a deenar (Kur ili. 68)]; like as عَلَى is
sometimes put in the place of , as after the
لَوْ تُسَوَّى بِهِمُ S, TA:) and 50 in): رَضِىَ verb
Joj'yi [That the ground were made even over
them], in the Kur [iv. 45], (TA,) i. e. that

143
بـ
Book I.]
مَرَرْتُ بِزَيْدٍ they were buried; (Bd;) and in
[I passed by Zeyd], accord. to Akh, as before
mentioned; (Mughnec, in the first division of the
art. on this preposition ;) and in ◌ِزَيْدٌ بِالسُّطْح IZeyd
is on the roof]; (TA;) and in a verse cited in
this Lex. voce S. (Mughnec.) __ It also
denotes part of a whole; (Msb in art. Jos,,
Mughnec, K ;) so accord. to As and AAF and
others; (Mgh, Mughnee;) as syn. with .:
شَرِبْتُ بِمَآءٍ ,Meb, TA :) IKt says; the Arabs sny)
Lis, meaning ais [I drank of such a water];
and AZ mentions, as a suying of the Arabs, Ju
May God gire thee ] ب meaning ,اللهُ مِنْ مَاءِ كَذَا
to drinh of such a water], thus making the two
prepositions syn. : (Msb : [in which five similar
instances arc cited from poets; and two of these
are cited also in the Mughnec :]) and thus it
significs in عَيْنًا يَشْرَبُ بِهَا عِبَادُ الله [A fuuntuin from
which the servants of God shall drinh, in the
Kur Ixxvi. 6; and the like occurs in lxxxiii. 28];
(Msb, Mnglince, K;) accord. to the authorities
mentioned above; (Mughnee;) or the meaning
is, with which the servants of God shall satisfy
their thirst (يروى بها); (T, Mughnce;) or, accordl.
to Z, with which the servants of God shall drink
wine : (Mnglince :) if the _ were redundant, [as
some assert it to be, (Bd,)] the meaning would
be, that they shall drink the whole of it; which
is not right: (Msb) :) thus, also, it is used in
-in the Kur v. 8], (Mgb, Mugh] وَأَمْسَحُوا بِرُؤَسِكُمْ
nee, K,) necord. to some ; (Mnghucc ;) i. c. [ And
wipe ye] a part of your heads; and this explana-
tion has been given as on the authority of Esh-
Shafi'ce ; but he is said to have disapproved it,
and to have held that the _ here denotes adhesion:
(TA :) this latter is its apparent incaning in this
and the other instaners : or, as some say, in this
last instance it is used to denote the employing a
thing as an aid or instrument, and there is an
ellipsis in the phrase, and an inversion ; the
meaning ling, ◌ِاِمْسَحُوا رُؤَسَكُمْ بِالمَاء [pipe ye
your hands with water]. (Mughince.) ___ It is
also need to denote swearing; (Mughnce, Ķ ;)
and is the primary one of the particles used for this
purpose; therefore it is peenharly distinguished
by its being allowable to mention the verb with
it, (Mughner,) an ◌َّأَقْسِمُ بِاللّه لَأَفْعَلَن [I sncar by
God I will assuredly do such a thing]; (Mnghi-
nec, K;) and by its being prefixed to a pronoun,
as in ◌َّبكَ لَأَفْعَلَن [By thee I will assuredly do
such a thing]; and by its being used in adjuring,
or conjuring, for the purpose of inducing one to
incline to that which is desired of him, as in
-meaning I adjure thec, or con , باللّه هَلْ قَامَ زَيْدٌ
jure thee, by God, to tell me, did Zeyd stand?
(Muglince.) [Sce also the first explanation of
this particle, where it is said, on the authority of
the I,, that, when thus used, it denotes adlicsion. ]
- It is also syn. with 1, ss denoting the end
of an extent or interval; as in أحسنَ بِى, meaning
IIe did good, or acted well, to me: (Mughnce,
Ķ:) but some say that the verb here imports
the meaning of J [which is trans. by means
of , i. e. he acted graciously, or courteously,
with me]. (Mughnce.) __ It is also redundant,
(S, Mughnee, Ķ,) to denote corroboration : (Mugh-
nee, Ķ :) and is prefixed to the agent: (Mughnee:)
first, necessarily; as in ◌ِأَحْسِنْ بِزَيْد ; (Mughnee,
Ķ;) accord. to general opinion (Mughnce) origi-
nally أَحْسَنَ زَيد,i.e.ٍصارَ ذَا حُسْن [Zeyd became
possessed of goodness, or goodliness, or beauty];
(Mughnec, K ;") or the correct meaning is
Nj [ Good, or goodly, or beautiful, or very good
&c., is Zeyd! or how good, or goodly, or beau-
tiful, is Zeyd!], as in the B : (TA:) secondly,
in most instances ; and this is in the case of the
agent of كْفَى; as in كَفَى بِاللهِ شَهِيدًا [God suf-
ficeth, being witness, or as a witness (Kur xiii.,
last verse ; &c.)]; (Mughnec, K ; [and a similar
ex. is given in the $, from the Kur xxv. 33;]) the
here denoting emphatic praise; but you may
drop it, saying, كَفَى اللهُ شَهِيدًا :(Fr, TA:)
thirdly, in a case of necessity, by poetic licence ;
as in the saying,
.
أَنَمْ يَأْتِيكَ وَالأَنْبَةِ تَنْمِی
بِمَا لَاقَتْ لُبُونُ بَنِی زِیَادٍ
·
.
[ Did not what the milch camel of the sons of
Ziyad experienced come to thec (\\ being
in like manner put for JUL) when the tidings
were increasing ?]. (Mughnee, Ķ.) It is also
redundantly prefixed to the objective complement
وَلَا تُلْقُوا بِأَيْدِيكُمْ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ of a verb; ns in
[And cast ye not yourselves (Qui meaning
to perdition (Kur ii. 191)]; and in (بِأَنْفُسِكُمْ
And shake thou towards] وَهُزِّى إِلَيْكِ بِجِذْعِ النَّخْلَةِ
thee the trunk of the palm-tree (Kur xix. 25)] :
but some say that the former means and cast.
ye not yourselves ("il heing understood) with
your hands to perdition ; or that the meaning
is, by means, or because, of your hands : (Mugh-
nee:) and ISd says that (sinh, in the latter, is
made trans. by means of - because it is used
,100 ,80 (: هز TA in art) : جرِّى in the sense of
in the saying,
نَضْرِبُ بِالسَّيْفِ وَنَرْجُو بِالغَرِجْ
·
[We smite with the sword, and we hope for the
removal of grief]: (S, Muglinee :) and in the
كَفَى بِالمَرْءِ كَذِبًا أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِعْ ,.Imd
[It sufices the man in respect of lying that he
relate all that he has heard]. (Mughnce.) It
is also redundantly prefixed to the inchoative ;
(بِحَسْبِكَ دِرهم ,when you say] بحسبك as in
meaning A thing sufficing thee is a dirhem; a
phrase which may be used in two ways ; as pre-
dicating of what is sufficient, that it is a dirhem ;
and as predicating of a dirhem, that it is suffi-
cient ; in which latter case, Jy is an enun-
ciative put before its inchoative,. so that the
meaning is, a dirhem is a thing sufficing thee,
i. e. a dirhem is sufficient for thec ; as is shown
in a marginal note in my copy of the Mughnec :
in the latter way is used the saying, mentioned
in the بِحَسْبِكَ قَوْلُ السَّوْءِ ,؟ A thing su fficing thee
is the saying what is evil : and so, app., each
of the following sayings, mentioned in the TA
on the authority of Fr; حَسْبُكَ بِصَدِيقِنًا A person
sufficing thee is our friend; and ul slou
A person sufficing thee is our brother : the _ is
added, as Fr says, to denote emphatic praise] :
so too in ◌ٍخَرَجْتُ فَإِذَا بِزَيْد [I went forth, and lo,
كَيْفَ بِّكَ إِذَا there, or then, was Zeyd]; and in
,How art thou, or how will thou be] كَانَ كَذَا
when it is thus, or when such a thing is the
بِأَيَكُمُ الْمَفْتُونُ case ?] ; and so, accord. to Sh, in
[imentioned before, in explanation of - as syn.
with فى] ; but Abu-l-Hasnn says that بايكم is
dependent upon استقرار suppressed, denoting the
predicate of المفتون ; and some say that this
is an inf. n. in the sense of 23; [80 that the
meaning may be, ◌ّبِأَيَكُمُ المَفْتُونُ مُسْتَقِر In which of
you is madness residing ?]; or, as some say, - is
here syn. with [as I have before mentioned].
(Mughnec.) A strange case is that of its being
added before that which is originally an inchon-
tive, namely, the noun, or subject, of 5, on the
condition of its being transferred to the later place
which is properly that of the enunciative ; as in
لَيْسَ الْبِرَّ بِأَنْ تُوَلُوا [وُجُوهَكُم ,the reading of some
Your turning your faces] قبّلَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ]
towards the cast and the west is not obedience
(Kur ii. 172)]; with WI in the accus. case.
(Mughnce.) It is also redundantly prefixed to
the cnunciative ; and this is in two kinds of
cases : first, when the phrase is not affirmative ;
and cases of this kind may be followed as cxs .;
Zeyd is not standing]; and] لَيُسَ زَيْدٌ بِقَائِم قه
-And Cod is not hecd] وَمَا اللهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ
less of that which ye do (Kur ii. 69, &c.)]:
secondly, when the phrase is affirmative ; and
in cases of this kind, one limits himself to what
has been licard [from the Arabs] : so sny Aklı
and his followers ; and they hold to be an instance
of this kind the phrase, جَزَاءُ سَبِئَةٍ بِمِثْلِهَا [The
recompense of an evil action in the lihe thereof
(Kur x. 28)]; and the saying of the Hamasce,
وَمَنْعُكَهَا بِشَىْء يُسْتَطَاعُ
[And the preventing thee from having her (refer-
ring to a mare) is a thing that is possible]: but
it is more proper to make Wy dependent upon
suppressed, as the cnunciative ; [the اسْتِقْرَار
يَسْتَغُرُ ٥٣ ,جَآءُ سَيِّئَةٍ مُسْتَقِرَّ بِمِثْلِها ,meaning being
yes, i. e. the recompense of an evil action is
a thing consisting in the lihe thereof]; and to
make بشىء dependent upon منعكها; the meaning
being, ◌ُوَمَنْعُكَهَا بِشَىْءٍ مَّا يُسْتَطَاع [i. c. and the
preventing thee from having her, by something,
is possible : sce Ham p. 102]: Ibn-Malik also
[holds, like Akhi and his followers, that - may
be redundant when prefixed to the enunciative
in an affirmative proposition ; for he] says,
respecting بحَسْبِكَ زَيد, that زيد is nn inchoative
placed after its enunciative, [so that the menning
is, Zeyd is a person suficing thee, ] because Jj is
determinate and Je is indeterminate. (Mugh-
nee. [Sce also what has been said above respecting
the phrasc بِحَسَبِكَ دِرهم, in trenting of ب as added
before the inchoative. ]) It is also redundantly
·