Indexed OCR Text

64
[Book I.
اصطبل
Mo! A stable (K) for Jiss [i. e. horses or
mules or asses] : (§ [in some copies of which it is
omitted] and Ķ:) the I is radical, because an
augmentative does not occur at the beginning of
a word of four or five letters unless derived from
a verb: (§:) [probably from the barbarous Greek
OTaBAio» : ] AA says that it is not of the [genuine]
language of the Arabs: ($:) IB says that it is a
foreign word, used by the Arabs : (TA :) accord.
to some, (TA,) it is of the dial. of Syria: (Ķ,
. أَصَهْطِبْ .and the dim: أَصَاطِبُ TA:) the pl. is
(TA.)
اصطرلاب
.اسطرلاب Be0: أُصْطُرْلَابٌ or أَصْطُرْلَابْ
امل
; أَصِلَ TA;) or) ; أَصَالَةٌ .inf. n (1) , أَصُلَ .1
(M ;) It (a thing, M) had, or came to have, root,
or a foundation ; (M, Ķ ;) as also " JOG: (M :)
or it was, or became, firm, or established, and
firmly rooted or founded; as also JU: (K:)
and [in like manner] " استأصل it (a thing) was,
or became, firm in its root or foundation, and
strong. (Mab) You may, ◌ُاسْتَأَصَلَتِ النَّجْرَة The
tres [took root ; or] grew, and became firm in its
root. (TA.) __ [Hence,] Loi, (S, M, Ķ,) inf. n.
as above, (§, M,) He (a man, S, M) was, or
became, firm, (S, M, Ķ,) or sound, ($,) of judg-
ment; (Ş, M, Ķ ;) intelligent. (M : [and so,
probably, in correct copies of the Ķ; but in a
MS. copy of the K and in the CK and TA,
instead of Jile, the reading in the M, I find
Jl .. ]) __ Also, ($," Ķ,) inf. n. as above, ($,
TA,) It (judgment, or opinion,) was, or became,
firm, or sound, ($," TA,) or good. (Ķ.) __ And,
inf. n. as above, It (a thing) was, or became,
eminent, noble, or honourable. (Mab.)Lol,
[aor. and inf. n. as in what follows next after this
sentence,] He hit, or struch, its root, or founda-
tion; that by being which it was what it was,
or in being which it consisted; or its ultimate
constituent. (A, TA.) __ And hence, (A, TA,)
; أصل .A, K, TA,) Bor. 2, inf. n) , أَصَلَهُ عِلَّمًا
(TÁ;) or lof [with medd, (which I think to
be a mistake, unless this be a dial. var.,) and
without Wc]; (so in a copy of the M;) + He
knew it completely, or thoroughly, or superlatively
well, syn. ◌ُفَتَّلْه ,(K) [i.e.] فَتَّلَهُ عِلْمًا,so that he
was acquainted with its Lol Lor root, or founda-
tion, or its ultimate constituent, as is indicated in
the A and TA]: (M :) or this is from alol, as
meaning "a certain very deadly serpent;" (A,
TA;) [whence the phrasc,] -ُوأَصَلَتْهُ الأَصَلَّة (K))
inf. n. Lol, (TA,) The [serpent called] ahol
sprang upon him (K, TA) and slen him. (TA.)
me ◌َأَصِل , Bor .= , (M, ,) inf. n. ◌ْوأصل (M) paid
of water, i. q.َأسين ; (M,K;) i. e. It became
altered for the worse (M, TA) in its taste and
odour, (TA,) from fetid black mud (Ķ, TA)
therein : 80 says Ibn-'Abbad: (TA :) and said of
flesh-meat, it became altered (Ķ, TA) in like
اصل - اصطبل
manner. (TA.) == أَصِلَ فُلَانٌ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا وَكَذَا |(TA.) You say, ◌ِقَعَدَ فِى أَصْلِ الجَبَّل Ie sat
Such a one set about, or commenced, doing thus
and thus, or such and such things. (TA.)
upon, or at, the lowest part [&c.] of the mountain;
and فى أصل الحَائِط at the lowest part [&c.] of
the wall. (TA.) And ◌ِقَلَعَهُ مِنْ أَصْلِه [He pulled
it up, or out, or off, from its root, or foundation,
or lowest part]; and dis ol [with its roots, or foun-
dations, or lowest parts ; both meaning, utterly,
entirely, or altogether]. (TA in explanation of
He pulled قَلَعَ أَصْلَ الشَّجَرَةِ And (٩.٧٠ ,استأصلهُ
up, or out, the lowest part, [or stem or stoch or
root or foot or stump,] of the tree. (TA.) Lebced
says, [of a wild cow,]
2. Luci, inf. n. Just, He made it to have a
firm, or fixed, root, or foundation, whereon to
build, (Mab, TA,) i. e., whereon another thing
might be built. (El-Munawee, TA.) [Hence,]
He made his wealth, or] اللَّهُ.و. أَصّل مَالَهُ
property, to have root, or a foundation; or to
become firm, or established, and firmly rooted or
. [َمَالَّ لَهُ أَصْلْ and ,أَصْلُ مَالٍ ,founded : see, below
(M and K in art. أصل الأصُولَ - (ماثل [He dis-
posed, arranged, distributed, classified, or set in
order, the fundamentals, fundamental articles,
principles, elements,'or rudiments, of a science,
&c.,] is a phrase similar to بوب الابواب and
(.TA) . رَقَّبَ الرُّقْبَ
TA,) He entered upon , إيصال .inf. n) وأصل .4
the time called Jeol, q. v. (S, M, Ķ.) = See
.أُصَلَّهُ عِلْمًا مو81
5. JOU: see 1, first sentence, in two places.
.
10. Loli: see 1, in two places, first and
second sentences. Es aoli He uprooted it;
unrooted it ; eradicated it ; extirpated it ; pulled
it up, or out, or off, from its root, or foundation,
or lowest part, (§, TA,) or with its roots, or
foundations, or lowest parts; (TA;) he cut it
off (M, Meb) from its root, or lowest part, (M,)
or with its roots, or lowest parts. (Msb.) You
Bay, ◌ْاسْتَأْصَلَ اللهُ شَأَفَتَهُم, a precative phrasc,
meaning May God [extirpate or] remove (from
them) their als; which is an ulcer, or a purulent
pustule, that comes forth in the foot, and is
cauterized, and in consequence goes away : (M 1)
or استأصل شأنتهم [in general usage] means he
extirpated them, or may he extirpate them; or
he cut off, or may he cut off, the last remaining
of them. (TA. [See also art. Jis.]) And
Ie cut of the] قَطَعَ أَصْلَهُمْ .. أ ,استأصل القَوْمْ
root, race, or stoch, of the people; i. e. he extir-
pated them]. (M.) And ◌َاستأصل اللّهُ الكُفَّار God
destroyed altogether or entirely, or may God
destroy altogether or entirely, the unbelievers.
(Mpb.) And استأصل الختان He performed the
circumcision so as to remove the prepuce utterly.
(TA in art. . )
Jof The lower, or lowest, part of a thing; [i.c.
its root, bottom, or foot; ] (M, Msb, K;) as also
J,St : (M, K:) so of a mountain : and of a
wall; (TA;) i. c. its foundation, or bass : (Msb :)
and of a tree [or plant]; (TA ;) i. e. [its stem,
or trunk, or stock, or] the part from which the
branches are brohen off: (TA.in art. ):)
[and also its root, or foot; for] the BL of a tree
is said to be the part between its Lol and the
place where its branches shoot out : (TA in art.
jy":) [and a stump of a tree : and hence, a
أُصُولٌ .pl [(: نقير bloch of wood : (see exs. voce
(Ş, M, Mab, Ķ) and [pl. of pauc.] Joi: (AHn,
Ķ:) [ISd says that] the former is its only pl. :
(M:) [but] the latter pl. occurs in a verse of
Lebced, (which see below,) as cited by AHIn.
تَجْتَافُ أَصُلَ قَائِصٍٍ مُتَنَّدٍ
.
بِعُجُوبٍ أَنْقَاٍ يَمِيلُ هَيَامُهَا
[She enters into the midst of the stems of trees
with high branches, apart from others, i. c. from
otlicr trees, in the hinder parts of sand-hills, the
fine loose sand thereof incliuing upon her]: (AHn,
TA:) but as some relate it, WWW Lol. (TA.
[See EM, p. 161.]) __ A thing upon which
another thing is built or founded [either properly
or tropically]: (KT, Kull p. 50, TA :) the foun-
dation, or basis, of a thing, [either properly or
tropically,] which being imagined to be taken
away, or abstracted, by its being taken away, or
abstracted, the rest thereof becomes also taken
away, or abstracted : (Er-Raghib, TA :) that
upon which the existence of anything rexts [or
depends]; so the father is Lot to the offspring,
and the river is Lol to the streamnlet that
branclics off from it: (Msb:) or a thing upon
which another thing depends as a branch; ds
the futher in relation to the son : (Kull :) [i. e.
the origin, source, beginning, or commencement,
of a thing: the origin, original, root, race, or
stock, from which a man springs. Hence ?
jof 'S A thing having root, or a foundation;
and consequently, having rootedness, fixedness, im-
mobility, stability, or permanence ; rooted, fixed,
immorcuble, stable, or permanent. Whence, ] Je.
,مِلْكَ ثَابِتْ لَهُ أَصْلَّ !and (وعَقَّارِ Mgh voco) ،لَهُ أَصْلٌّ
(Msb in explanation of that word,) and jau,
(KT in explanation of the same,) [ Real, or
immoveable, property ;] property such as consists
in a house or land yielding a revenue ; (Mgh;)
or such as a house und pulm-trecx; (Myb;) or
such as land and a house. (KT.) [Hence, also,
J' Lo signifying A source of wealth or profit;
a stoch, fund, capital, or principal. You say,]
I tooh] أَتَّخَذْتُهُ بِنَفْسِى أَصْلَ مَالٍ لِلنَّْلِ لَا لِلْتِّجَارَةِ
it for myself as a source of wealth or profit,
for breeding, not for traffic]. (Mgh in art. 3.)
You say also, بَاعَ أَصْلَ أرْضِه [meaning Ile sold
the fundamental property, I. e. the property itself,
of his land]. ($ voce Ke.) [See also an ex. in
conjugation 4 in art. : and another in the
أَحَدَهُ بِأَصْلِهِ And [.حبس .first paragraph of art
[ He took it as it were with its root, or the like;
meaning, entirely]. (K. [See all.]) And
He cut of their root, race, or] قَطَعَ أَصْلَهُمْ
stock; i. e. he extirpated them]. (M.) And
and (وضئاً .and L in art ؟) , فُلَانْ فِى أَصْلِ صِدْقٍ

65
Book I.]
-L ibid.,) Such a one is of an excel) وفِى أَصْلٍ سُوْءٍ
lent origin, or race, or stoch, (S, L,) and of a bad
origin, or race, or stoch; (L;) Lol being here
syn. with Se (S, L) and .. (S.) And
[Such a one is of [a race فُلَانْ فِى أَصْلِ الكَرَمِ
the source of generosity, or nobleness; Lol being
here syn. with ;j. ($ in art. i.) And Lohy
i. c. grounds of] حَسَب He has no لهُ وَلَا فَصْلَ
pretension to respect or honour; or rank, or
nobility, or the like]; nor tongue [i. c. cloquence]:
(Ks, §, O, Mẹb:) or he has no intellect, (IAar,
Mab, El-Munáwee,) nor eloquence: (El-Munawee,
TA :) or he has no lineage, nor tongue : (L:) or
he has no futher, nor child : (Kull p. 53:) [or
he has no known stoch nor branch; for] Jai
is the contr. of Loi, and in relationship significs
a branch. (Mab in art. Jas.) You say also,
iol Els , meaning I have not done it ever ;
and I will not do it ever; the last word being
in the accus. case as an adverbial noun ; i. e.
I have not done it at any time; and I will not
do it at any time. (Myh, El-Muntwee, TA.)_
[It also signifies The original, or elemental,
matter, material, substance, or part, of a thing;
syn. with jar;] that from which a thing is
taken [or made]. (KT voce jais.)- [The
fundamental, or essential, part of a thing.
Hence, sing. of Jzol as signifying The funda-
mentals, fundamental articles or dogmas, prin-
ciples, clements, or rudiments, of a science &c.
عِلْمُ [TA,) [meaning) ، عِلْمُ الأَصُولِ [,Whence
,The arience of the fumlamentals] أصُولٍ الدِّين
fundamental articles or dogmas, or principles,
of religion ; the science of theology, or divinity ;
according to the system of the Muslims, as dis-
tinguished from that of the philosophers;] the
science of the articles, or tencts, of belief; also
called ◌ُالفِقْهُ الأَكْبَر ; (Kull. voco فِقَّه ;) and [more
commonly] ◌ِعِلْمُ الكَلام . (Hijjee Khalecfch.) [Sce
nlso 2.] ___ A radical (as opposed to an augmen-
tative) letter ; as being an essential clement of a
word. (The Lexicons passim.) _ The original
form of a word. (The same passim.) __ The
original, or primary, signification of a word.
(The same passim.)_ An original copy of a
hook : and a copy of a book from which one
quotes, or transcribes, any portion. (TA, &c.,
passim.) __ [The original, or primary, state, or
condition : or] the old state, or condition. (Kull
الأَصْلُ فِى الأَشْيَاء الإِبَاحَةُ وَالطَّهَارَةُ ,p.50.) You may
The old state, or condition, of things is that of
being allowable, or lawful, and that of being pure,
وَجَعَتْ إِلَى أَصْلِهَا or clean. (Kull ubi supra.) And
She returned, or reverted, [to her original, or
old, state, or condition ; or to her natural dis-
position ; ] to a natural disposition which she
had relinquished. (§ voce jis.)-['The utmost
point, or degree, to which a person, or thing,
can go, or be brought or reduced : and, app.,
the utmost that one can do. Hence the saying,]
,I will assuredly impel thee] لَأَضْطَرَّتَّكَ إِلَى أَصْلِكَ
or drive thec, against thy will, to the utmost
point to which thou canst go, or be brought or
reduced : or, constrain thce to do thine utmost].
(IAar in L, art. 3 [where it is given in cx-
Bk. I.
اصل
planation of the phrases ◌َلَأَضْطَرَّتَّكَ إِلَى تُرِّك and
-in explana تر .and so in the T in art ; قُحَاجِكَ
tion of the former of these two phrases; which
is said in the M, in art. ,3, to mean I will
assuredly make thee to have recourse to thine
utmost effort, or endeavour; and in the L in
art.
this is given as another explanation of
the latter of the same two phrases. See also the
([. قَرّارٌ explained voce, لَالْجِئَنَّكَ إِلَى قُرِّ قَرَارِكَ , saying
-[That by being which a thing is what it is,
or in being which it consists; or its ultimate
constituent ; syn. han -; a meaning well known;
and indicated, in the A and TA, by the coupling
of zum with Lol, evidently as an explicative
adjunet. ] __ [The prime of a thing ; the prin-
cipal, purest, best, or choicest, part thereof; what
is, or constitutes, the most essential part thereof;
its very essence. Hence; ] als Lol [The principal
part of a country]; (As, Ş, Msb, K, voce jie ;)
[which is] the place where the people dwell, or
ubide. (Aş and $ ibid. [Sce .]) And Lol
' [The principal place of abode of a people].
($ and K voce day. [See this word. ]) And
He is of the prime, or of the هُوَ فِى أَصْلٍ قَوْمِهِ
purest in race, the best, or the choicest, of his
people; i.g. صيايتهم, and ◌ْصُيَّابِهِم .(TA in art.
-no.)- What is most fit, or proper : as when
one says, ◌ُالأَصْلُ فِي الإِنْسَانِ العِلْم [What is most
fit, or proper, in man, is knowledge]; i. e., know-
ledge is more fit, or proper, than ignorance : and
What ix [most] fit, or الأَصْلُ فِى المُبْتَدَإِ التَّقْدِيمُ
proper, in the case of the inchoative, is the putting
[it] before [the cnunciative], whenever there is no
obstacle. (Kull p. 50.) __ What is preponderant
in relation to what is preponderated : as, in lan-
guage, the word used in its proper sense [in relation
to that used in a tropical sense]. (Kull ibid.) __
What is [essential, or] requisite, or needful : as
when one says الأَصْلُ فِي الحَيوانِ الغِذَاء [What is
essential, or requisite, or needful, in the case of
the animal, is food]. (Kull ibid.) _ A [primary,
or] universal, or general, rule, or canon. (Kull
ibid.) ___ An indication, an evidence, or a proof,
in relation to that which is indicated, or evidenced,
or proved. (Kull ibid.)
أَصْلَةٌ ,.Bce its n. un : أَصَلْ
مُسْتَأْصِلْ ).M,) .. q) , أَصِيلْ ٢ or (,٪) ,أَصِلْ
(M, K.) You say ◌ْقَلْعٌ أَصِل Eradicating, or ex-
timpating, evulsion : (TA:) or قَطْعٌ أَصِيلٌ ٢ extir-
pating excision. (M.)
Jol, said by some to be a pl., and by others
to be a dial. var., of Jeol: see the latter word,
in two places.
ilol: see alsol. == Also A kind of serpent,
the most malignant, or noxious, of serpents : (S :)
or a serpent, (M, Ķ,) short, (M, [where, in the
only copy to which I have access, I find added,
like ,كَالومة app. a mistranscription, for ,كَالرِيَّةٍ
the fragment of a rope,]) or small, (K,) red, but.
not intensely red, (M,) rery deadly, of the most
malignant, or noxious, kind, (TA,) having one
leg, upon which it stands, (M, TA,) then turns
round, then springs, (TA,) that springs upon a
man, and blows, killing everything upon which it
bloros : (M :) or, as some say, a great serpent,
(M, Ķ,) that kills by its blowing : (Ķ :) or one of
the very crafty kinds of serpents, short and broad,
said to be lihe the shaft of an arrow, and it
springs upon the horseman : (Mab :) pl. " Lol,
(S, M. Msb, Ķ,) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,]
and [pl. of paue. ] JLoi. (Mab.) __ [Hence,
app.,] t Short and broad: applied to a man and
to a woman. (TA.)
Gol [ Radical ; fundamental ; primitive ;
original; underived: an epithet of extensive ap-
plication ; and particularly applied to a letter of
a word, as opposed to augmentative; and to a
signification]. (The Lexicons &c. passim.)
; أَصْلِى The quality denoted by the epithat] أَصْلِيَّةْ
radicalness, &c. : ], a term used by IJ [and others]
in the place of Lot: see 5. (M.)
Jeel [Having root, or a foundation; and
consequently, having rootedness, fixedness, immo-
bility, stability, or permanence; rooted, fixed,
immoveable, stable, or permanent]. You say,
Verily the palm-trees إِنَّ النَّخْلَ فِى أَرْضِنَا لَأَصِيلْ
in our land remain permanently, not perishing.
(A, TA.) __ A man having Lol, (K, TA,) i. e.,
lincage, or pedigree : (TA :) or established in his
Jol: (Abu-l-Baka, TA :) or noble, or generous.
(Mab.) _ A man firm of judgment, and intelli-
gent. (M, Ķ .. [Accord. to the copies of the latter,
the signification is عَاقِبْ ثَابِتُ الرَّأي :but I think
that the right reading of the first word is Jate, as
in the M, in which this word occupies the last
place in the explanation.]) And أَصِيلُ الرّأى A
man firm, or sound, of judgment. (§.) And
.[i. e. firmness] أصثل Judgment having رأَىْ أَصِيلْ
(M.) And jeol Je . Glory, honour, dignity,
or nobility, having a firm root or foundation.
(8) And شر أصيل Vehement evil or mischief.
(Ibn-'Abbad.) == See also Lol, in two places.
-[Hence, app.,] Je'yi Destruction : and
death : as also, in both senses, lyo'yı. (K.)
['The evening ; or] i. q. 6; (M, Ķ, Mab, TA ;)
i. e. (Msb, TA) the time from the Nas, (8, TA,)
from the prayer of the yar, (Mab,) to sunset ;
(Ș, Msb, TA;) as also Vilol: (R, TA :) the
pl. is jól, (S, M, R, Msb, Ķ,) or " this is a sing.,
(TA,) or it may be a sing., (M,) for it is used as
وآصال S,M,R,) and) و أصلان such, (M, TA,) and
(Ş, M, Sgh, K,) [a pl. of paue.,] or, accord. to Eg-
Salah Es-Şafadee, this is a pl. of Lol, the sing.,
not the pl., (TA,) or it is pl. of Loi, (Zj, M,)
which may be a pl. or a sing., (M,) and Jusi, ($,
M, K,) as though pl. of Linol, ($,) or it is pl. of
this last word. (R, TA.) You say, il
and Wol, i.e. [I met him in the evening,] (46.
(A, TA.) From the pl. ¿ Sol is formed the dim.
(,S, M, K,) which is extr., (M, K) , أَصَيْلَانْ »
because the dim. of a pl. is [regularly] formed
only from a pl. of pauc., which &Lol is not;
or, if اصلان be a sing., like رُمَّان and ◌ْقُرْبَان, this
9

66
[BOOK I.
dim. is regular : (M :) sometimes, (Ķ,) one says
also Jol, (S, M, K,) substituting J for the
[final] ؟).ن,M.") You Bay, لَقِيتُهُ أَصَيْلَانًا؟ and
" ýskjol, meaning, as above, ÇAE: (A, TA :)
and Lh mentions "لقيته أصيَالًا . (So in two copics
of the $.)
Upof A man's whole property : (M, Ķ :) or
his palm-trees: (K, TA : in the CK his palm-
tree :) thus in the dinl. of El-Hijaz. (O, TA.) ___
,IAgr, M) , بأَصّلَتِهِ M,,) and,؟) , أَحَذَهُ بأصيلَته
Ķ,) He took it altogether, (S, M, K,) [as it were]
with its root, (S, M,) not leaving aught of it.
(TA.) And جَاؤُوا باصِيلَتِهِم They came altogether;
لِغُلَانٍ أَرْضِ أَصِيلَةً == (.Z,؟) .the whole of them
To such a one belongs land long possessed, or
inherited from his parents, by means of which he
has his living : a phrase of the people of Et-Taif.
(TA.)= Sce also أصيل, in two places.
عِلْمُ One shilled in the science termed أصُولِىّ
(.TA). أُصْلَّ Bce: الأصُولِ
.last sentence , أَصِيلْ Bce : لَقِيتُهُ أَضَيَّالاً
,in four placce ,أَصِيلْ see: أُصَيْلَالْ and أُصَيْلَانْ
last two sentences.
Loj' Lá I met him entering upon the time
called the أصيل . (TA.) And ◌َأَتَيْنَا مُؤْصِلِين We
came entering upon the time so called. (S.)
,A root, or foundation, or the like] أَصْلَ مُؤَسَّلْ
made firm, or fixed, or established]. (S.) [Scc
[.أصيلْ also
aste; RE A sheep, or goat, whose horn has
been taken from its root. (TA.)
.أَصِلَّ 800: مُسْتَأْصِلْ
.first sentence , أَصْلَّ Bce: يَأْصُولْ
b1
1. Li, (§, Ķ,) aor. ,, (Ķ,) inf. n. Labi (Ş, Ķ)
and Li, (TA,) It produced, made, gave, emitted,
or uttered, a sound, noise, voice, or cry ; (§, Ķ;)
[and particularly, it creaked; and it moaned;]
said of a camel's saddle, ($," Ķ, [in the CK,
-and parti] ([, الرَّحْلُ is put by mistake for الرَّجُلُ
cularly of a new camcl's saddle,] and the like,
(K,) such as a [plaited or woven girth called]
, and of everything of which the sound
resembles that of a new camel's saddle, (TA,) and
of a palm-trunk, and of a tree of the kind called
(,TA) ومسرح S, TA,) or of the kind called) وسدر
and of a cane or recd on the occasion of its being
straightened, [in which instance it is said to be
tropical, but if so it is tropical in several other
instances, ] and of a bow, (TA,) and of the belly
by reason of emptiness, ($," TA,) and, in a trad.
of Aboo-Dharr, [ of heaven, or the sky, notwith-
standing there being [really] no babi in this
instance, for it is meant to denote [the presence
of] multitude, and confirmation of the majesty of
God. (TA.) [It is also said of other things, as
will be shown by phrases here following, and by
الطر - اصل
explanations of labi below.] You also say, il
JayI, (K,) sor. as above, inf. n. Lubi, (TA,)
The camels moaned by reason of fatigue, or
uttering their yearning cry to their young, (K,
TA,) and sometimes by reason of fulness of their
لَا آتِيكُ مَا أَطَّتِ الإبلُ udders with milk. (TA.) And
I will not come to thec as long as camels utter crick
[or moan] by reason of the heaviness of their loads.
meaning ,لَا أَفْعَلُ ذْلِكَ مَا أَطَّتِ الإِبِلُ And (؟)
مَا لَنَا بَعِيرْ يَئِطُ I will not do that ever. (TA.) And
We have not a camel that moans, or cries; mcan-
ing we have not any camel ; for the canel cannot
but do so. (TA, from a trad.) [Sce also Labi,
clow.] And أَلَتْ لَهُ رَحِمِى ![My feeling of
relationship, or sympathy of blood,] became
affected with tenderness, or compassion, and be-
came mored, [or rather pleaded, ] for him [or in
his fuvour] : (Ķ, TA:) and hence if.EJ! [inf. n.
.[تَأَطَّطَتْ لَهُ رَحِمِى of the verb in the syn. phrase
(Sgh, TA.) And ◌ُأَطَّتْ بِكَ الرَّحِم [The feeling of
relationship, or sympathy of blood, pleaded, or
hath pleaded, iu thee ; ] i. e., inclined thee to
furour. (Ham p. 705.) [Sce another ex. voce
[مْحَاثَةٌ
5: sce 1, near the end.
il : see inkl , below.
LLi ¿," [pl. of Li, part. n. of 1,] Creaking
[plaited, or woven, thongs]. (K.)
Labi [as explained in what here follows seems
to be properly an inf. n., though, like all inf. ns.,
it may be used as a subst. : ] The sounding, or the
lihe, or the sound, or the like, [and particularly
the creaking, or creahing sound, and the moaning,
or moaning sound,] of a camel's saddle ($, Ķ,
TA) when new; (TA ;) and so " Ll, of the litters
and saddles of camels when the riders are licavy
thereon; and the former, also, of a door; said, in
a trad., of the gate of paradise, by reason of its
being crowded; (TA;) and of a plaited or woven
thong when stretching; (Ez-Zcjjujce, TA ;) and
of the back [when straincd]; (K;) and of the
bowels, (TA,) and of the belly, or inside, by
reason of hunger, (K,) or by reason of vehement
hunger; (TA;) and of camels, (§, Ķ,) by reason
of their burdens, (K,) or by reason of the hcavi-
ness of their burdens; ($;) and the prolonging
of the cries of camels: (TA:) but 'Alce Ibn-
Hamzeh says that the cry of camels is termed
:l', and that Labi signifies the sounding, or
sound, of their bellies, or insides, by reason of
أهْلُ صَبِيل (.replction from drinking. (IB, TA
Lasbig, occurring in a trad., means t Possessors
of horses and of camels. (TA.) _ Also + Hun-
ger, (K, TA,) itself, as well as the sound of the
bowels or belly by reason thereof : from Ez-
Zejjájee. (TA.)
Lul Sounding much ; noisy ; (K, TA ;) having
a sound : applied [to any of the things mentioned
above in the explanations of bi and Labi; and]
to a hide ; and to a camel replcted with drink ;
and to a road : fem. with ": which, applied to a
woman, signifies one whose
Es has a sound
(.TA) . إذا جُومِعَتْ
اطر
1. "i, aor. ; (Ş, Msb, Ķ) and :, (Ķ,) inf. n.
; تَأْطِيرْ .inf. n وأطّرهُ ٧ Msb, K ;) and ,؟); أَخْرٌ
(Ķ;) He bent it, or curved it; ($, MRb, Ķ, &c. ; )
naincly, a bow, (S, A,) and a twig, or the like :
(A :) he laid hold upon one of its two extremities,
und curved it : he bent it, or curred it ; namely,
anything ; ◌ٍعَلَى شَىْء upon a thing: and the
latter verb, [or bothi,] he bent it into the form
of a hoop, bringing its two extremities together.
كَانَ طُوَالًا فَأَطَّرَهُ ٧ الْهُ ,TA.) _ It is said of Adam)
He was tall, and God bent him, and diminished
أَخَذَ عَلَى ,his height. (TA.) _ And one says
Ie laid hold upon]: يَدَى الظَّالِ وَأَطَرَهُ عَلَى الحَقّ
the two hands, or arms, of the wrongdoer, or
prevented, restrained, or withheld, him from doing
that which he desired,] and bent him to [con-
formity with] what was right. (AA, from a
trad.) And ◌َأَطَرْتَ فُلَانًا عَلَى مَوْدَّتِك :[Thou hast
وَأَطَرَ النَّهْمَ -- (.bent such a one to love thee]. (A
(§,Ķ,) nor. ; and2, (Ķ,) inf. n. ns above, (S, Ķ,)
Ile wound an abol upon the arrow. (S. K.)-
Es xi, (TK,) inf. n. as above, (Ķ,) He
made an juh!, which is a thing resembling a zone
or belt, to the tent or house. (K, TK.)
, تَأْطِيرْ .inf. n , أَطَرَتْ = .sec l, in two places :2
She (a girl, IAar) remained in the house, or tent,
of her father, some time, or long, (1Aar, K,)
without marrying. (IAnr.) [Sec also 5.]
5. Ju It (a sprar) bent : (8, K :) it (a thing)
became crooked, curved, or bent ; ns also V,LUI:
(K, TA :) it became bent into the form of a hoop,
its two extremities being brought together. (TA.)
-ALLE She afferted a bending of her person,
body, or limbs, in her gait. (A.) == Ile confined
himself (Ķ, TA) in a place. (TA.)_3,26 She
(a woman) remained, or stayed, in her house, or
tent; (§, K ;) she hept to it. (TA.) [Scc also 2.]
7 : sce 5.
,of & bow (مُنْحَنَى) The place of curvature أَطُرْ
and of a cloud: (K, TA :) an inf. n. used as
a subst., and, being so used, admitting the dual
form : or the bent, or curved, part of the ex-
tremity of a bow; to which Tarafchi likens the
curving of the ribs of a slic-cnmel: (TA :) and
what resembles a curvature, seen in the clouds : an
inf. n. in the sense of a pass. part. n. (Skr, TA.)
¿Li The sinen that is wound immediately
above the notch of an arrow ; (S, Ķ ;) as also
OU !. (K.) - The edge of the glans of the
penis ; (K, TA;) as also " the latter word. (Ķ,
TA.) __ The flesh surrounding the nail : (K :)
pl. ji and ju !. (TA.) _ A mixture of ashes
and blood with which a fracture in a cooking-pot
is smeared ($, K) and repaired. (TA.)
ju! Anything that surrounds another thing :
($, A, Msb, Ķ :) as the hoop of a tambourine,
(A, Mgh, TA,) and of a sieve. (S, A, Mgh, K.)
-A ring of hair surrounding the head, the

67
اف - اطر
Book I.]
middle of it being bald. (TA.)_ The branches
of a vine, bent, or wreathed, so as to form a
covering over-head. (K.)_ Sce also o,bi, in two
places. - ◌ِإطارُ الحَافِر The part of the hoof of a
horse or the like which surrounds, or extends
,؟) إِطَارُ الشَّغَةِ - (.؟).[٢٠.q] أَشْعَر around, the
Ķ, &c.) [ The part, (A,) or flesh, (Meb,) sur-
rounding the lip: (A, Msb:) or the part that
separates between the lip and the hairs of the
mustache : (K:) or the edge of the upper lip,
between the lip itself and the parts where the hair
grows : (IAth:) or the rising edge, or ridge,
between the part where the mustache is clipped and
the lip, intermixing with the mouth. (A'Obeyd.)
The Muslim should clip his mustache so that this
٨ إِطَارُ بيتٍ - (.part shall appear. (Mub, TA
thing resembling a zone, or belt, of a tent or house.
(K)-ِإطَارٌ مِنَ النَّاس A ring, or circle, of
men. (K.) One says, ◌ٍ1 هُمْ إِطَارٌ لِبَنِى فُلانThey
have alighted and tahen up their abode [so that
they form a ring] around the sons of such a one.
(A, Mẹb.)
jebi A sin; a crime; an offence. (S, K.) One
says, أَخَذَنِى بِأَطِيرٍ غَيْرِى He punished me for the
sin, crime, or offence, of another than myself. (S.)
BLL A bow. (A.)_A milking-vessel of
shin (me) for the head of which a twig is bent
into the form of a hoop, and put round, after
which its lip is covered; (Ķ, TA;) or, sometimes,
the edges of the shin of the ale are folded upon
the hoop-formed twig, and dry upon it. (TA.)
اطر
,؟) ,أَجْمْ and أُجُمْ K,) like,؟) وأُطْمٌ and أُجُمْ
and Mgh in art. A.1,) A fortress : or, as some
say, any lofty building : (Mgh :) or a [building
such as is termed] yes [q. v.]: (IAar, Ķ :) and
any fortress built af stones : and any square,
roofed, house : (Ķ :) pl. (of pauc., TA) Lui ($,
أَطَامٌ (K): أَطُومٌ (Mgh. K) and (of mult., TA
signifies fortresses of the people of El-Medceneh :
and one of these is termed abi: ($:) or this
significs [simply] a fortress; and its pl. is jui.
(TA.)
.scc above : أَطَمَةً
(:Lofty [fortresses, &c.]: (A, TA أَطَامْ مُؤَطَّمَةْ
[or it may signify fortresses, &c., disposed in
order, or grouped together; for it is said to be] a
أجناد O, TA,) or like) وأبواب مبوبة phrase like
جَنْدَة
.. (K.)
اف
1. Ji, nor. Jis (IDrd, M, Mgh, K) and Je,
(IDrd, M, Ķ,) the latter agreeable with analogy,
(TA,) [but the former, though irregular, is the
more common,] inf. n. J1; (M, Mgh;) and
; تأفّف " S, Mgh, K;) and) ; تأفيفٌ .inf. n , أقف "
(M, Ķ;) He said Ji [q. v.], (IDrd, Ş, M, Mgh,
K,) by reason of anxiety, or disquietude of mind,
or by reason of vexation, distress of mind, or
disgust: (IDrd, M, Ķ :) held by Sb to be of the
JI and its vars. (differing only in having the
movent): sec the next paragraph.
Ji Dirt, or filth ; as also Waff : ($:) you say,
" Gi, and våff, Dirt, or filth, to him; in which
the tenween is for the purpose of rendering them
indeterminate; ($;) and 33; % JÍ; (T;) and
 + aff; and 03, Gi; (T, $;) the latter of
which is an imitative sequent : ($:) or Ji signi-
fies the dirt of the car; and J, the dirt of the
nails; (As, T, M, Ķ ; but in the last, of the nail ;)
the phrases mentioned above being used on the
occasion of deeming a thing dirty or filthy, and
afterwards on the occasion of experiencing annoy-
ance or disgust at anything ; (As, T, M," TA;)
and # ff, also, has the former of these two
meanings : (TA :) or Ji signifies the dirt around
the nail; (M ;) or the dirt of the nail; (K;) and
same class as , and jul meaning " he said | and Wil and " if and vui and ! and 31
M.) You) ".لَا إِلّهُ إِلَّا اللّهُ and "he said "سُبْحَانَ اللهِ
say also, hifi, and a viff, and a vJist,
meaning He said to him Ji. (M.) And Jan
Such a one beyan to فُلَانْ يَتَأَتَّفُ ٧ مِنْ رِيحٍ وَجَدَهَا
say Ji Ji by reason of a smell which he perceived.
(T.) And Rie v Lite Il Verily he is angry
with him, or enraged against him. (TA.)
and ĐỦ! and V31 and V 3, with damm to the
, which is with teshdeed, [in a copy of the M
"J!,] and + Uj, like Új, and " 31, pronounced
with imaleh, and 1, with kesr, (K,) i. e.,
prefixed to the pronoun of the first person,
(IAmb,) and + Ji and Ji (K) and JÍ, or
"i, and VJi, or Ji, and Vi, or Ji,
(accord. to different copies of the K,) [all these
2 : sce 1, in three places.
forms, making the number (forty) mentioned by
5: see 1, in four places.
the author of the K, I have drawn from a com-
parison of three copies of that work, and I believe
Ji and Ji and Si, or ji: see Jf.
them to be correct: some other forms are men-
tioned by SM as perhaps indicated in the Ķ; but
I sce no good reason for this : he then adds,] and
" ist and We,sf and Waff, the last mentioned by
IB on the authority of IKtt. (TA.) Ji, [with
its variants,] in its primary sense, denotes one's
blowing at a thing that falls upon him, such as
dust or ashes; or at the place, to remove there-
from what is annoying; therefore people say, at
anything that they deem troublesome, or dis-
pleasing, or hateful, 25 Ji [as though meaning
A puff, or blast of breath, to it]: (Kt, T:) or
[rather] it is a word imitative of a sound; [like
ugh in English, both in sound and meaning; and
in meaning like our interjections foh and faugh;]
(Bd on the ex. in the Kur which will be found
below, and TA;) denoting vexation, or distress
of mind, or disgust; (Bd ubi suprà;) or denoting
contempt: (TA :) or it is a verbal noun, meaning
I am vexed, or distressed in mind, or disgusted :
(Bd ubi suprà:) or it is an imperative verbal
noun [denoting disgust or abhorrence, like out,
and away]: (IJ, M:) or he who says Ju Gi uses
it in the manner of an imprecation, like as one
says ◌َوَيْلًا لِلْكَافِرِين; and he who says ◌َأَقْ لَك puts
it in the nom. case because of the J, like as one
says ◌َوَيْلْ لِلْكَافِرِين; and he who says ◌َأَقِّ لَّك puts
it in the gen. case likening it to words imitative
of sounds. (IAmb.) It is said in the Kur
,أَفّ T,S, TA,) or) , وَلَا تَقُلُ لَهُمَا أَقِّ , [24 .xvii]
(TA, [in which other readings also are men-
tioned,]) [ And say not thou to them (i. e. to thy
father and mother) Ugh, &c.,] meaning, do not
thou deem anything of their affairs burdensome,
nor be contracted in bosom thereby, nor be rougli,
or harsh, or coarse, to them : (Kt, T:) or do not
thou say to them anything expressive of the least
disgust, when they have become old, but take
upon thyself their service; Ji signifying stink.
(Zj, T.)
JS, the dirt in the nail : (M :) or the former, a
paring of the nail: and a piece of stich, or a
reed, which one tahes up from the ground : (Ķ :)
in these various senses they are explained as used
in the saying, 05; " Gi: (TA:) or the former
signifies stink : (Zj, TA :) or paucity; (T, M,
Ķ;) as also fi; (M;) or from Jil signi-
fying a thing little in quantity; (T; and the
same meaning is assigned to this word in the K ;)
and JU is an imitative sequent, (T, M, Ķ,) of
the same meaning. (M.)_ Ji, also, is a word
expressive of vexation, distress of mind, or disgust;
(M, Mgh;) or of dislike, displeasure, or hatred;
(Ķ;) and has six forms; (T, Ş;) mentioned by
Akh; (§;) or ten; (M;) or forty; (K;) or
more; (TA;) as follow : 31 and Sand Ji and
Ji and of and Jf (T, S, M, K) and Ji and Sf
and St and Ji and uf and Ji (K) and Ji (M,
Ķ) and Ji and ji, pronounced with imáleh,
Jt and its vars. (differing only in having the
movent) : see . For 1, see also Sul,
in three places.
(M, Ķ,) i. e. with pure imáleh, and with
intermediate imáleh, and Ji without imáleh,
the alif [written [s] in these three denoting the
fem. gender, and i, with kesr to the , (K,)
aff : see gul, in two places.
i. e., as a prefixed noun with its complement, [the
latter being the pronoun of the first pers.,] (TA,)
Uff: see Ji, in four places. was Also A dirty,
a filthy, an unclean, man: (K :) from Ji signi-
fying the " dirt of the nail." (TA.) _ One in
want; poor ; possessing little : (Ķ:) from
and
Si, (K,) with damm to the i and J,
which latter is with teshdeed, and with the , and
. quiescent, (TA,) and off [in a copy of the M
waff] and vaši and if (K) and # 31 and 1 signifying "a thing little in quantity." (TA.)-
9 ·

68
افق ـ اف
[BOOK I.
A coward: (K:) as though originally att ,s,
i. e. holding back, by reason of disgust, (Jit:,)
from fight : (TA :) or experiencing vexation or
disgust, and languid or sluggish, in war : (IAar :)
also heavy, or sluggish. (IAth.)
ifl : see Sul, in three places.
Jil Vexation, distress of mind, or disgust.
(T, IAth, Ķ.) __ See also Ji, in three places.
And see gul, in three places.
Ji and fi and ff and ist and ali : see Jf.
, pronounced in three different ways; and
.الى see : اقِى
.ُ see: إنّى and إنَّى and إنَّا
.إلى Be0 : أُقُودْ
¿,ff : see what next follows.
Juf A man who says Ji much or often ; (M,
TA;) as also Wij,s,i, accord. to the copies of
the O and TS and K; but in other lexicons
wis,si: in the O, one who ceases not to say to
another JU Ji: in the Jm, the last of these three
words is explained as meaning one who ceases not
to say this at some of his affairs. (TA.)
ŞU! (T, Ş, M, Ķ) and Lui (T, TỰ, L, Ķ) and
"! (Ş, M, K) and Ji (T, L, K) and vafs
(L, M) and Will (M) and Wife5, (T, M, Ş,
K, &c.,) of the measure Mais, [being originally
just,] accord. to J, who appears to be right in
saying 80, (IB,) and so accord. to Aboo-'Alee,
who states, on authority of Aboo-Bekr, that it
is thus in some of the copies of the Book of Sb,
(L,) though in other copies of that book said to
be of the measure alas, (IB, L,) A time; (T,S, M,
,كَانَ ذُلِكَ عَلَى إِّ ذَلِك ,K ;) as in the sayinga
and st! (§, TA) and Wasff, and West, and
* hej, (TA,) That was at the time of that;
(S, TA;) and أَتَانِى فِى إِقَّانِ ذلِك, (IAgr, L,)
,أَقَّانِهِ IA , T, M, L,) and) ,عَلَى إِنَّانٍ ذلك and
(T, L,) and Wait, (M, L,) and Wasfi, (IApr, T,
L,) and , (M, L,) and ' si, (M,) and
,على IApr, T,8, M, L,) preceded by) , قَثْقَّتِهِ *
(IÑar, T, §, &c.,) and by , (L,) He came to
me at the time of that. (IAar, T, &c.)
1. Śl, (JK,Ş, Ķ,) aor. ,, (JK, Ķ,) inf. n.
Hi, (TK,) He went his own way, at random,
or heedlessly, (al, s") and went away in the
3Gi [or regions, &c., of the land] : (Lth, JK, Ķ :)
or he went away in, or into, the land, or country:
($:) and he took his way into the Bli [or regions,
&c.,] of the land. (JK.)_[ Hence, app.,] Ei,
....
egli : sce Ji.
Si and IT and ST and JT: see .
. أَقَّالى Bee: أوقُونَةٌ
.in three places , إنّانْ se: تَثْتَّةْ
aor. as above; thus, says IB, accord. to Ķz,
and thus it is given on the authority of Kr;
(TA;) [see Bi;] or fil, aor. = , ($,O, Ķ,)
inf. n. gfi; ($;) He attained the utmost degree,
[as though he reached the Sff (or horizon, or
app. Holding back, by reason] مُتَأَقِفٌ عَنِ القِتَالِ
of disgust, from fight; as though saying 3i
at the mention thereof : see ifI]. (TA.)
furthest point of view,)] in generosity; (S, O, Ķ;)
or in hnowledge, or science; or in chasteness of
speech, or eloquence, and in the combination of
excellent qualities. (Ķ.) __ Also, ESI, aor. ; ,
(Kr, Ibn-'Abbád, JK, Ķ,) inf. n. Jší, (JK, TA,)
1. 2%Ji, (A'Obeyd, §, L, &c.,) aor. ; , inf. n.
افخ
He overcame, or surpassed. (Kr, Ibn-'Abbad,
JK, K.) __ And, inf. n. j,si, He was goodly,
or beautiful; he possessed the quality of exciting
¿si, (L,) He, [or it] struck him, or hit him, [or admiration and approval by his beauty and the
hurt him, ] on the part of his head called the
¿¿ t. (A'Obeyd, Ş, L, M$b, K.) He who pro-
nounces without . says de fy. (Msb.)
¿st A man having his head broken in the
part called the يَافُوخ (L)
¿st, (Lth, Az, S, Mgb, K,) as also ¿sők,
without ., but the former is the more correct and
the better, (Lth, Az, Msb,) and is of the measure
JAK, (Lth, Az, S, Msb,) wherens the latter is
of the measure JJeli, (Lth, Az, Msb,) [The top,
vertex, or crown, of the head ; or the part of the
top of the head which is crossed by the coronal
suture, and comprises a portion of the sagittal
suture ;] the part where the anterior and pos-
terior bones of the head meet; (K ;) the place
that is in a state of commotion in the head of
an infant; (§;) the place which, in the head
of a child, does not close up until after some
years; or does not become knit together in its
several parts; and this is where the bone of the
anterior part of the head and that of its posterior
part meet ; (Zj in his " Khalk el-Insan ;") the
place that is soft, in a child's head, before the tro
bones called the zil's and acles mect, between the
With [or middle of the head] and the forehead :
(L:) or the middle of the head when it has
become hard and strong; before which it is not
thus called: (Msb :) pl. ¿ 4; ($;) so in the
old lexicons [in general] ; but in the T and Ķ
.without •; or, as pl يافوخ which is pl. of] يَوَافِيخ
of يأفوخ, in like ◌ُمع تَوَارِيخ pl. of ◌ٌتاريخ] ; and
because of this form of the pl., F says that J is
in error in mentioning the word in the present
art. : it has been shown, however, that J is not in
error in this case. (TA.) __ [ Hence the saying,]
Ye are the centres and summits! أَنْتُهُ يَافِيخُ الشِّرَفِ
of the heads of nobility. (L, from a trad.) And
Jis st + The main [or middle] part of the
night. ($, Ķ.) - [See also art. ¿ +2.]
افق
pleasingness of his aspect : said of a camel, and of
a horse. (JK.) __ L 2 (JK, TA) Hc (8
man) excelled him; namely, another man : (JK :)
or he preceded him in excellence ; or outwent him
therein; as also 2fsi, nor. ;. (TA.) [It is like
, أَفْقّ .K,) inf. n,$) , = Bor٠ , أَفَقَ فِى العَطَاء ـ [.فَاقَهُ
(TA,) He gave to some more than to others.
(Ş,Ķ.) So in the saying of El-Aashà,
*
وَلَّا الْمَلِكُ النُّعْمَانُ يَوْمٌ لَقِيتُهُ
.
بِغِبْطَتِهِ يُعْطِى القُطُوطَ وَيَأْتِقُ
[Nor the King En-Noaman, on the day that I
met him, in his goodly, or happy, condition,
giving gifts, or stipends, or written obligations
conferring gifts, and giving to some more than
to others] : ($ :) or the meaning is, writing
[writs of] gifts, and scaling them : or, as some
say, tuhing his way into the Bli [or regions, &c.,]
of the land. (JK.) == 21, aor. ; , ($, Msb, K,)
inf. n. Hi, ($, Msb,) Ile tanned it (namely a
hide) until it became what is termed Jesi. ($,
Msb," Ķ.)
5. G Su Ile (a man, As, TA) came to us
Sil Se [from a region, &c., of the land]: (As,
Ķ :) or came to us, and alighted at our abode
as a guest : and in the Nawudir el-Agrub, & 3G
is said to signify he reached him, or overtook
him; as also تلفّق به .(TA.)
. أُقُّ Bcc: أُفْقِّ
& of (سَنَّن) The main and middle part أَفَقَّ
road; (K;) the fare, or surface, thereof: (IAnr,
K :) pl. JUi. (K.) Hence the saying, J3
Such a one sat upon the] فُلَانْ عَلَى أَفَقِ الطَّرِيقِ
main and middle part, or face, or surface, of
the road]. (TA.)_ The flanhs, or ilia : or,
as some Bay, shins; or shin; as in the saying,
I drunh until I filled my شَرِبْتُ حَتَّى مَلَأْتُ أَفَقِى
skin : (JK :) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of
vassi; (IAar;) which significs the flank; (IAar,
Ķ;) as docs also Wifi. (Th, K.)_ Also pl.,
($, K,) or [rather] quasi-pl. n., (M, K,) of Jsi,
q. v. (S, M, Ķ.)
Jsi: sec Jail, in two places.
Jsf (JK, Ş, Mglı, Mob, Ķ, &c.) and
($, Ķ) A side; meaning a lateral, or an outward
or adjacent, part or portion; or a part, region,
quarter, or tract, considered with respect to its
collocation or juxtaposition or direction, or con-
sidered as belonging to a whole; or a remote
side ; syn. ag Ú; (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, Ķ ;) and
a border, or an extremity ; (JK;) of a land,
or of the enrth ; and of the sky, or licavens:
(JK, Mgh, Msb:) [or the horizon, or part next
to the horizon, of the sky and of the earth ;] or
what appears of the sides (1)-31) of the celestial
sphere, (K, TA,) and of the borders, or extremi-
ties, of the earth : (TA :) or the place whence
blows the south wind, and the north wind, and the
west wind, and the cast wind: (K, TA:) pl.
ŠUT : (JK, Ş, Mgh, Msb, Ķ :) and the sing.
also is used as a pl .; like JUS, as is said in

69
Book I.]
the Nh: (MF :) thus in the verse of El-' Abbas,
in praise of the Prophet:
أَنْتَ لَّا وُلِدْتَ أَشْرَقَتِ الأَرْ
ضُ وَضَاءَتْ بِنُورِكَ الأُفُقُّ
[ When thou wast born, the earth became bright,
and the tracts of the horizon, or the regions, shone
with thy light]: or, as some say, Byl is made
fem. by him as meaning 2 G1. (TA.) The
phrase ◌ُّحِينَ يَغِيبُ الأَفْق mcans When the redness,
or whiteness, in the Gif [or horizon] disappeurs.
(Mgh.) __ Also, in like manner, The side, or
lateral part, of n tent : (JK:) or the part between
the [two] anterior [pieces of wood called the]
: of a tent ,رواق [in the [fore part called the ,زران
(Ķ:) and the sides, or lateral parts, of a tent of
the kind belonging to the Arabs of the desert.
(TA.) = ◌َّأَفُق is ulso said to be n pl. of ◌ٌّأَفِيق ; but
this is disallowed by Lh. (TA.) = Sce also Bi.
Lut: Acc Hl. = Also A hurying of a shin, or
hide, in the carth, so that its hair may be re-
moved, and it may become ready for tunning.
[.أُفِيقٌّ Lth, K,•TA.) [Scc)
Jesi, (1Sk, JK, T, S, Mgh, Myb, K,) contr. to
rule, (T, Msb,) and + 3, (Aş, ISk, Ş, Mglı,
Mgh, K,) ngrecably with rule, ($,) being a rel. D.
from Ji, (Msb,) and some (namely the lawyers,
in relation to pilgrimage nud the like, MF) say
Jui, (Mgh, MF,) which is incorrect, (Mgh,
Msh,) or whether it be correct, after the manner
of أنصارى and the like, requires consideration,
(MF,) an epithet applied to a man, (ISk, S,
Msb,) menning One who is from the 30i [or
interal parts, or regions, ] of the land ; (ISk," S,
M$h;") mentioned by Aboo-Nasr: ($, referring
to the first form of the word :) or one who goes
about in the 3Ui: (JK :) or one who goes through
the Sui of the land in search of sustenance : (K,"
أَفَقِىُّ مكّة or أَفْقِىُّ مَكَّةً (.K,TA). أَقَّاقٌ * TA:) as also
menns He who is without the places where the
pilgrims coming to Mckheh enter upon the state of
(Mgh) . إحرام
.أُفَقِىُّ Bec: أَفُقِىُّ
Applicd also to & bucket -. آقِقّ scc: أَقِيقٌ
(35), meuning Excelling other buckets. (AA,
Ķ.) . Also, (Aş, Th, JK, Ş, Mgh, Msb, Ķ,)
and * ifsi, (Ķ,) or thic latter is a more particular
terin than the former, like as ahle is more so
than die, (Mgh,) and # Ji, (K, [but see what
follows, ]) The skin, or hide, that is not completely
tanned, (Ş, Mgh, Msb, K,) so that it is unsub-
stantial, not firm, or strong, or tough : (Mgh :)
when its tanning is complete, and it becomes red,
it is termed أديم :therefore ◌ٌأنيق is of the measure
(:Meb): مَفْعُول in the sense of the measure فَعِيلٌ
or in the second stage of its tanning; for in the
first stage it is termed 2056; then, Gesl; and then,
SI: (TA:) or that is tanned, but before it is
served : (Aş, Ş, Ķ:) or before it is cut, or slit :
(K:) or when it comes forth from the tan, its
افك - افق
tanning being finished, (JK, TA,) its [original] | (TA.) It is said in the Kur [li. 9], 55 2 dage
odour being [still] in it: (TA :) or after it is
|tanned : (Msb :) or not tanned : (Th, TA :) or
that is tanned without Li's or iji or any of the
.
· tans of the people of Nejd : (TA :) ISd says, I
think that Th has mentioned Has syn. with
Jsi, and explained it as signifying the skin, or
hide, that is not tanned; but I am not sure of it :
(TA :) the pl. is Jsi, (Lh, JK, Ş, Msb, Ķ,) like
as asi is pl. of jesi, (S) or this is a quasi-pl. n.,
(M, Ķ,) and Hi (JK, Ķ) is allowable, (JK,) or,
accord. to Lh, it is not allowable, (TA,) and [pl.
of pauc. ] afsi, (As, $, Ķ,) like as Logi and die,i
arc pls. of أدِيم and ◌ٌرَغِيف .(Ag, S) ﴾ ◌ٌأَفِيقَة Big-
nifies also A & [or skin for water or milk &c.]
made of a hide of the hind termed Gii. (Mgl.)
And Jsi also significs The shin of a man, and of
any beust. (TA.)
.in two places , أَفِيقٌ Dec : أَفِيقَةٌ
. أُفَقِىٌّ Bec: أَقَّاقْ
Jsi, ($, Ķ, &c.,) of the measure Jet, ($, Ķz,
TA, [in the CK Jsi, and in like manner in a
copy of the JK,]) from Ési, ($, K,) or, as IB
says, accord. to Kz, from Esi, aor. ,, and so
accord. to Kr, and shown to be of the measure
Jel by several verses in which it occurs, ('TA,)
One who has attained the utmost degree in gene-
rosity; (S, Ķ;) or in knowledge, or science; or
in chasteness of speech, or eloquence, und in the
combination of excellent qualities ; (K;) as also
* Jsi : (K:) fem. with 6. (IF, K.) Also applied
to a horse, Generous with respect to both parents:
fem. with õ. ($.) And applied to a camel, That
excites admiration and approval by his generous-
ness, excellence, high blood, or the like; (JK;)
mail so ji, (JK, $, K,) applied to a horse, (S,
Ķ,) and a mare, (JK, S, K,) and a she-camel.
(JK.)
. أَقَّ Bec : آفِقَةٌ
. أُفَقِىُّ Bce : آفَاقِىُّ
افك
1. así, nor. ; , inf. n. Juli, (with fct-b, Ș, TA,
its only formn, TA, [in the CK Ji, ]) He changed
his, or its, manner of being, or state; ($, Ķ ;) and
he turned him, or it, (i. e., anything, Msb,)
anay, or back; (S, Mab, K;) عَنِ الشَّيْء [from
the thing] ; ($;) or dr &f [from his, or its,
mode, or manner, of being, &c.]: (Mob :) so in
the Kur xlvi. 21, أَجِئْتَنَا لِتَأْفِكْنَا عَنْ أَلِهِتِنَا Hast
thou come to us to turn us away, or back, from
our gods? (Bd:) or he turned him away, or
bach, by lying : (TA :) or he changed, or per-
terted, his judgment, or opinion : (Ķ:) or he
deceived him, or beguiled him, and so turned him
away, or bach : and simply he deceived him, or
beguiled him : and Jsi signifies he was turned
from his judgment, or opinion, by deceit, or guile.
Ji, i. e., He will be turned away from it
(namely, the truth,) who is turned away in the
foreknowledge of God: (TA:) or, accord. to
Mujahid, ◌َيُؤْفَنُ عَنْهُ مَنْ أَفِن the will be meak in
intellect and judgment so as to be thereby turned
away from it who is weak in intellect and judg-
أُفِلَا الرَّجُلُ عَن ,ment ]. (S, TA.) You say also
¿JI The man was turned away, or bach, from
good, or prosperity. (Sh.) And 2&i, (K, TA,)
inf. n. as above, (TA,) He forbade him what he
wished, (K, TA,) and turned him amay, or back,
from it. (TA.)_ JJi, aor .;; (Meb, Ķ ;) and
Sii, aor. "; (IApr, K ;) inf. n. Jit (Mab, Ķ)
and Juf and Juf and Dybt; (K ;) He lied;
uttered a falsehood ; said what was untruc ;
(Meb, K ;) as also V JUT, (K) inf. n. just:
(TA:) because a lic is a saying that is turned
from its proper way, or mode. (Bd in xxiv. 11.)
He told the ,أَ .gor. - , inf. n وأُفَلَكَ النَّاسَ -
people what was false; Jul and Eksi being
أَفَلاَ - (.Az, TA). كَذَبْتُهُ and كَذَبَ like
Új, (K,) inf. n. Jff; ('TA;) or the verb is
Y Újf; (so in the printed edition of Bd, xlvi. 27;)
He, or it, made such a one to lie, or say what
was untrue. (K.) _ Si He mas weak [as
though perverted] in his intellect and judgment
or opinion. (K," TA.) But auf "di as meaning
God rendered weah his intellect is not used. (L,
TA.) __ $ It (a place) was not rained upon, and
had no vegetation, or herbage. (Ķ, TA.)
2 : sce 1.
4 : sce 1.
written with the disjunctive] اُلْتَفَكَتِ البَلْدَةُ .8
alif ايتَفَكَت] , (S,K)) بأَهْلِهَا , (S) The land, or
district, or the town, or the lihe, was, or became,
overturned, or subverted, (Ş, K,) with its inhabit-
ants : ($:) as were the towns of the people of
Lot. (TA.) __ Hence it is said of El-Bagrah,
meaning } It has been , قَدٍ اَلْتَفَكَتْ بِأَهْلِهَا مَرَّتَبْنِ
submerged with its inhabitants twice; as though
subverted. (Sh.). You say also, du Ety
J'y! ! That land has been burnt up by drought.
(IAar.)
Sft [an inf. n. used as a subst. ; ] A lic; a
falschood; ($, TA;) as also YAĞ,il: pl. (of the
latter, Ķ) Jul. (Ş, K.) You say, Vak ili §, and
using the dim. form ,ِلِلْأَفَّكَةِ " and] زيًا لِلْأَفيكَةِ *
for the purpose of enhancement; i. e. O the lie!
and O the great lie!] the J with fet-b denoting
calling to aid; and with kesr denoting wonder, as
though the meaning were, O man, wonder thou
at this great lie. (TA.)
AGI [so in the TA, without any syll. signs ;
app. either adi, an inf. n. of un., or V &di, like
al, ;] A punishment sent by God, whereby the "
dwellings of a people are overturned : occurring
in a trad. relating to the story of the people of
Lot. (TA.)
iGi & ; A year of drought or sterility : (K,

70
اكر - انك
[Book I.
TA:) pt. juli [contr. to rule, as though the
sing. were visij. (Z, TA.)
.أَقَّاك see: أَقُولْ
si One who is turned from his judgment, or
opinion, by deceit, or guile; as also " S,śl .. (K.)
- Lacking strength or poner or ability, and
having little prudence and artifice. (Lth, Ķ.).
See also Jut.
acsi: see dil, in three places. ___ Also A
severe, or distressing, calamity. (Ibn-Abbád.)
içi: see Ju !.
Sui A great, or habitual, liar ; (Ş, Msb, Ķ;)
as also VE,ši, (Mab, Ķ,) and + Lidi : (Ķ :) fem.
of the first [and last] with #: but the second is
both masc. and fem .: (Msb :) the pl. of the
second is Jit with damm [i. e. JGi, accord. to
the rule of the K; but the 'TA seems to indicate
that it is Jul, by likening it to the pl. of y.0].
(Ķ.)
iGT: se 21 :_ and sce adi & ...
Å,sl: [ Changed in his, or its, manner of being,
or state: turned away, or back, from a thing :
&c.]: see Jsi. __ Weah [as though perverted]
in his intellect (AZ, §, K) and judgment or
opinion ; as also Eşit .: (AZ, Ș:) accord. to
A'Obeyd, (or AA, as in one copy of the $,) a
man who does not attain, or obtain, good, or pros-
perity. (Ş.) __ Also, (Ķ,) fem. with , (Ş, Ķ,)
[ A place, (Ķ,) or land, (Jejl, $, Z,) not rained
upon, and having no vegetation, or herbage. (Ş,
Z, Ķ.)
TA,) both) , المُؤْتَفِكَةُ K) and ,؟) المُؤْتَفِكَاتُ
occurring in the Kur, [the former in ix. 71 and
Ixix. 9, and the latter in liii. 54,] The cities over-
thrown, or subverted, by God, upou the people of
Lot. (Ş, Ķ.) __ The former also signifies The
winds that turn over [the surface of] the earth,
or ground : (K:) or the winds that blow from
different quarters: it is said (by the Arabs, §)
that when these winds blow much, the earth (i. e.
its seed-produce, TA) thrives, or yields increase.
(§, Ķ, TA.)
افل
1. JíÍ, (T, Ş, Mab, Ķ,) said of a thing, (Msb,)
or of the moon, (T,) and Effi, said of the sun,
(T, S, M,) and of the stars, (M,) aor. ; and ‘,
inf. n. J,si (T, Ş, M, Mab, K) and Jff, (M,
Meb;) It was, or became, absent, or hidden, or
concealed; (T, Ş, Mab, Ķ;) it set; (T, Ş, M,
&c. ; ) and so ji, mor. F. (K.) _Hence, Jul
Such a one became absent, or went فُلَانْ عَنِ الْبَلَدِ
amay, from the country, or town. (Mab.)
ابْنُ مَخَاضٍ A young camel such as is termed أُفِيلٌ
[i. e. that has entered its second year]; (As, El-
Fárábee, §, M, Mẹb, Ķ;) and the like; (§;) or,
and also such as is above this [in age]; (El-
Farabee, M, Mab, Ķ ;) or, and also such as is
termed 994 cl [i. e. that has entered the third
| year]; beyond which it is not so called: (As, |
TA:) or that is seven months old, or eight: (As,
Msb:) or a youthful camel: (AZ, Msb :) and
also (M, K) a young wcaned camel; syn. Jmas :
(T, M, Msb, Ķ :) fem. with õ: (Aş, Ş:) pl. Jú
(T, Ş, M, Ķ) and Jsui, (Sb, S, M, Ķ,) which
latter they liken to ذَنائب as pl. of ذَنُوب .(M.)
[In my copy of the Msb, the pl. is said to be
ali !: and it is also there said, on the authority of
IF, that #Uit signifies the young ones of sheep.]
It is said in a prov., ◌ِإِنَّمَا القَرْمُ مِنَ الأَفِيل [The
stallion-camel is only that which has increased in
growth from the young one in its second year,
&c.]; i. e. what is great has begun small. (TA.)
Jší part. n. of 1, (T, TA,) applied to the moon,
and to any star: (TA :) fem. with : (T, TA :)
pl. ◌َآَفِلُون (Kur vi. 76 [the rational form of the pl.
being there used because it is applied to stars as
being likened to gods]) and ◌ْأَقَل and ◌ُأُقُول ،(TA.)
اقه
aff and aff and aff and aff and aff and assf
and off : see Ji.
افیون
.but this is of a very extr ,صَعْفُوقٌ like], أَقْبُو
عُصْفُورٌ like وأقْيُون ,mcasure; or, as some write it
&c .; ] or أفيون ,[like بردون ;] (accord. to different
copies of the K, art. ; ) [an arubicized word,
from the Greek omor, cither immediately or
through the Persian Songl; meaning Opium :]
the milh [or juice] of the blach Egyptian JAK &
[or poppy, or papaver somniferum]; (K ;) or the
milk of the Alt, the best of which is the
black Egyptian; (TA ;) or the expressed juice
of the blach Egyptian ALLA, dried in the
sun : cold and dry in the fourth degree : (Ibn-
Seenà, or Avicenna, i. 133:) beneficial for hot
tumours, especially in the eye; torporific (to the
intellect, TA) : in a small quantity, beneficial,
and soporific : in a large quantity, a poison :
(K:) [the lexicographers regard the word as
Arabic : ] some, among whom is the author of
the K, hold that it belongs to art. : others,
that it belongs to art. 33l. (TA.)
اقحوان
.قهو .Bee art: أُتْحُوَانْ
أقط
1. 2si, aor. ; , ($, Ķ,) inf. n. Lii, ($,) He
made it (namely food) with bãi, q. v. infra.
(Ş, Ķ.) __ Also, (acr. and inf. n. as above, TA,)
He fed him with bil : (A'Obeyd, Ķ:) like a
from ◌ْلَبَن, and ◌ُليَاه from لا : Lb mentions the
verb in this sense as used without its being made
transitive. (TA.) __ [isi in the CK is a mistake
for ĹJí, q. v.]
4. Ífi, (Lh, Ķ, [in the CK, incorrectly, Ési, ])
of the measure Jasi, agreeably with a common
rule, applying to anything, (Lh, TA,) He had
much wsi; his hil became much, or abundant.
(Lh, Ķ.)
8. List [written with the disjunctive alif (figl]
He made, or prepared, baši: ($ :) strangely
omitted in the O and in the K. (TA.)
LaJi (Fr, Az, Ş, Msb, Ķ) and Li! (Fr,O,Ķ)
and Li (Fr, Ķ) and Lig, (§, O, Msb, K,) the
last sometimes occurring in poetry, and formed
from the first, by transferring the vowel of the
to the preceding letter, (S,) or a contraction of
the second, accord. to n common usage of [the
tribe of] Temcem in the cases of words of this
measure, (O,) and iff (K) and ifi, (A$, Ķ,) of
all which the first is the most chaste, and the
last is strange, (TA,) [A preparation of dried
curd ; ] a preparation of, or thing made from,
milh (Az, Msb, K) of sheep or goats, (K,) which
has been churned, and of which the butter has
been taken, (Az., Meb, K,) cooked, and then left
until it becomes concrete : (Az, Mxh :) or made
from the milh of camels, in particular: (IAar :)
or milk which is dried, and has become hard,
like stone; with which oue cooks; repeatedly
mentioned in trads. : ('TA :) or a thing made
from milh; being a kind of cheese : (Har p. 587 :)
(٣٠). أُقْطَانْ .pl
Let A maher of bãi. (TA.)
i,st. Food made with basi. (S.)
اكد
(.Ile trod whent. (IAar, K أُكْدَ .1
(,Meb, K,؟) , وَكَدَ.و.i, تأكيدْ .inf. n , أكّد .2
of which it is n dial. vnr. ; (S;) but it is not 50
chiste as the latter, and by some is disallowed.
(TA.)
(.وكد .in art ؟). أَوْكَدَ .i.g آكد .4
(.وكد .and K in art ؟). تَوَكَّدَ .و .. تأكّد .5
K,) both of), تَآكيدُ and أُخَائِدُ sing. of إِكَارْ
which are irreg. in relation to their sing., (TA,)
signifying (i. c. the pls.) Thongs, or straps, by
which the Jas is bound to the two side-boards
of a horse's saulille. (K.) [Sce also ;l&>.]
isi Firm ; (K, TA;) applied to a covenant,
or compact. (TA.)
اكر
1. El, aor. ; , inf. n. ¿¿ i, IIe tilled the
ground ; ploughed it up for sowing. (Mşb.)_
He dug the ground. (TA.) _ Hle cut, or dug,
a river, or canal, or rivulet. (Msb.) __ And si,
aor 2, (TA,) inf. n. as above ; (Ķ ;) and Žu;
(K;) Hle dug a hollow, or cavity, in the ground,
for water to collect therein and to be baled out
therefrom clear : (K, TA:) or [siv, Eu signi-
fics he duy hollows, or cavities, in the ground. (S.)
3. 5s!, (TK.) inf. n. l., (S, Ķ,) He
made a contract, or bargain, with him to till
and son and cultivate land for a share of its
produce; syn. of the inf. n. a .. ($, Ķ, TA.)
The doing of this is forbidden. (TA.)

71
Book I.]
5 : see 1, in two places.
isi A hollow, or cavity, dug in the ground,
(Ş, Msb, K,) in which water collects, and from
which it is baled out clear: (K :) pl. si. ($,
Msb.)=Also a dial. var. of afs, (K,) [A ball]
with which one plays: (TA :) [and a sphere, or
globe :] but it is of weak authority. (K.)
fts!, as used in practical law, Land which is
given by its owners to men who ww and cultivate
it [app. for a certain share of its produce: Bec
3]. (Mglı.)
¡Li A tiller, or cultivator, of land: (Msb,
,اكر as though it were pl. of ; أكْرَة .K:) pl
(.Mgb). كافِر is pl. of كَفَرَّةٌ Mpb, K,) like as ,؟)
اكف
IIe made the, تَأكيفْ .inf. n , اكّف الإِكَافَ .2
: تَوْكِيفٌ .inf. n ,وكّفهُ K;) as also) ; اكاف
which latter, accord. to IF, is the original form.
(TA.) __ Sce also 4.
, إيكاف .Mgh, Meb, ,) inf.n,؟) و أكف الحمار .4
(K,) He bound, (S, Ķ, TA,) or put, (Msb, TA,)
the BLE! upon the ass; (S, Msb, Ķ ;) as also
(;S, Mgh, K) ; اوكفهُ gl, K ;) and؟); أَكْفُهُ »
which is of the dial. of the people of El-Hijaz;
the first being of the dial. of Benoo-Temecm :
and in like manner, ◌َالبَغَل the mule. (Lh.)
20 (,K) , أُكَافْ Mgh, Mpb, K) and,؟) إِكَافُ
also ◌ُ؟) وكَاف,Mgl, Meb, K) and وُكَاف, (K
in art. وكف,) The بردعة, [i. c. pad, or stuffed
saddle, generally stuffed with stram,] (K,) of the
ass, (S, Mgh, Mub, K,) and also used for the
mule, and for the camel ; (TA in art. iS);) a
saddle like the رَحُل and قَتَب :(TA:) and a saddle
of a horse made in the form of the ass's SI,
having at its fore part [or pommel] a thing
resembling a pomegranate : (Mgh :) [see also
[.TA) and [of mult) اَكْفَةٌ [.pl. [of pauc [: قَتَّبٌ
Jel. ($, Mgh, Msb, TA.) Yaakoob asserts
that the ! in JUS! is a substitute for the , in
,TA.) A rajiz says) . وِكَالٌ
إِنَّ لَنَا أَحْبِرَةٌ بِجَانًا
يَأْكُلْنَ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ إِكَافًا
.
meaning [Verily we have some lean asses] which
eat every night the price of an JLSt. (TA.)
Jei The maker of the kind of saddle called
(.K) . إِكَاف
اکل
He] , مَأُكَلْ and أَكْلُ .nor. 4,] inf.n] , أَكَلَهُ .1
ate it,] (§, Ķ,) namely, food. (§.) Er-Rum-
mance says that JSI properly significs The
swallowing food after chewing it; so that the
swallowing of pebbles is not properly thus termed :
(Mab:) or, accord. to Ibn-El-Kemál, the convey-
ing, or transmitting, to the belly what may be
chewed, whether [the thing be] chewed or not ; 80
that it does not apply to milk, nor to : and
as to the saying of the poet,
أكل - اكر
مِنَ الاَكِلِينَ الّاءَ مُلْمًا فَمَا أَرَى
يَنَالُونَ خَيْرًا بَعْدَ أَكْلِمُ المَّةِ
t[Of the eaters of what they purchase with the
price of mater, wrongfully, I do not see any attain
good after their eating of what they have pur-
chased with the price of the water,] he means
a people who used to sell water and purchase
with the price thereof what they would eat :
(TA:) [for you say , أكْلَ كَذَا as meaning t He
ate the price of such a thing : see another ex. voce
,The saying -[.تدى and another voce; إِكَافُ
لَأَكَلُوا مِنْ فَوْقِْ وَمِنْ تَحْتِ ,[70 .in the Kur [v
[They should eat things above them and
things beneath their feet] mcans, their means of
subsistence should be made ample; (Bd, TA ;)
by the pouring of the blessings of the heaven and
the earth upon them ; or by the abundance of the
fruit of the trees, and the produce of the grains
sown ; or by their being blessed with gardens
of ripe fruits, so that they should gather thicm
from the upper part of cach tree, and pick up
what should have fallen upon the ground. (Bd.)
,lit. His eating became cut off] انْقَطَعَ أَخْلُهُ -
or stopped,] mcans the died; [see also jel;]
and so ◌ُإِسْتَوْقَى أَكْلَه [lit. he completed his eating].
(TA.)- ◌ُأُكَلَ رَوْقَه [lit. He ate his life,] means
[ he became extremely aged, and his teeth fell out,
,ُهُوَ يَأْكُلُ النَّاسَ - (.one after another. (TA
and ◌ِيَأْكُلُ لُحُومَ النَّاس [He eats men, and eats
the flesh of men,] means the defames men; or
does so in their absence : (TA :) and the action
thus signified may be [with words, or by making
signs] with the side of the mouth, and with the
eye, and with the head. (TA in art. jan.) It is
أَيُحِبُّ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ ,[12 .said in the Kur [xlix
lit. Would any one of you] يَأْكُلَ نَحْرَ أَخِيهِ مَيْتًا
lihe to eat the flesh of his brother when dead ?];
defamation, or defamation of the absent, being
meant thereby. (§, Ibn-'Arafch, Bd, Jel.) _
,He ate the flesh of my sheep ] ! أُكْلَ غَنَبِى وَشَرِبِهَا
and drank the milk of them, means, like jsi
JL, he ate, fed upon, devoured, or consumed,
my wealth, or property : see 2]. (TA.) -
-1The fire devoured, or con أَكَلَتِ النَّارُ الحَطَبْ
أَكْلَتْ أَظْفَارَهُ - (.sumed, the firenood. (S, Mgh
(.The stones wore away his nails]. (TA] [ الحِجَارَةُ
( مَرْئِىّ in وThe]+ الوَاوُ فِى مَرْبِيّ أَكْلَتْهَا الَّـ ــ
the (5 has swallowed it up]; because it is originally
S>>>: a phrase occurring in the 'Eyn. (TA.)
-(.t He consumed his life. (Mgh أكَلَ عُمْرَهُ -
أُمِرْتُ بِقَرْيَةٍ تَأْكُلُ (,It is said in a trad, (TA
SEN t[I have been commanded to have given
unto me a town which shall devour the other
towns]; (Ķ, TA ;) said to be Yethrib [afterwards
called El-Medcenchi]; (TA;) i. e., the people
of which shall conquer the [other] towns and
make spoil of their possessions: or it denotes the
superior excellence of that town; and is like the
saying ◌َهُذَا حَدِيثْ يَأْخُلُ الأَحَادِيث [This is a
tradition which does away with, or overrules, the
أَكْلُ السّكّين -(.other traditions]. (Sgh .K, TA
il means t The knife's cutting the flesh. (TA.)
, أَكَالْ and أُكَالْ and إكْلَةٌ .inc. n ,أُكْلَنِى رَأْيِى-
1 My head itched. (Ķ, TA.) An Arab was
heard to say, [as is often said in the present day,]
,أَكْلَــ (.1My shin itches. (TA جِلْدِى يَأْخُلُنِى
aor. ", (Ķ,) inf. n. jéi, (TA,) } It (a limb, or
member, [and a sore,] and a piece of stick, or
wood,) became corroded or cankered, or decayed,
by the mutual eating away of its several parts;
as also JA-SI [written with the disjunctive alif
,أُكِلَتِ الأَسْنَانُ - (.K,TA). تأكّل ) and,[ايتَكَلَ
(Ş, Msb, Ķ,) aor. and inf. n. as in the next pre-
ceding sentence, (Mab,) } The teeth rubbed together
and wasted away ; by reason of age ; ($;) or fell
out, one after another : (Msb :) or brohe in
pieces, or became much broken : (K :) and
YouEU signifies the same ; (S, Msb;) and so
.Ror. ", inf. n , أَكِلَتِ النَّاقَةُ - (.؟). انتكلتا
Jei, + The she-camel experienced an itching
and annoyance in her belly, ($, O, K,) from the
growth of the hair, ($, O,) or from the growth
of the fur, (K,) of her fœtus. (§, O, K.)
He made him to eat ,تَأْكِيلُ .inf. n ,أُكْلُهُ] .2
a thing.]؟) , أَكَّلَ مَّالِى وَشَرَّبَهُ ـ,K,) inf. n. as
above, (K,) [lit. He made people to eat my
property, and made them to drink it,] means
the fed men, or the people, with my property, ot
,هَذَلَّ مَالِى يُؤَثِّلُ وَيُشْرَّبُ - (.cattle. (S,K, TA
(so in some copies of the Ķ and in the TA,) or
in two copies-of the 8 and in 80) ,يُؤَثّلُ وَيُشَرِّبُ
a copy of the K,) [of which the former is app.
the right reading, as the lit, meaning seems to be
My cattle passed the day made to eat and made
to drink,] i. e., t pasturing as they pleased. ($,
K, TA.) -: ◌ْأكّلُهُ الشَّي, inf. n. as above, t He
charged against him, or accused him of doing, the
thing; as also Vusi, (K, TA,) inf. n. Ju !.
(TA.) In [some of] the copies of the K, for
(.TA) .وَعَاهُ ,we here find, erroneously ,ادعاه
You Bay, ◌ْأَكَّلْتَنِى مَا لَمْ آَخُل [lit. Thou hast made
me to cat what I have not eaten,] meaning t thou
hast charged against me, or accused me of doing,
,(؟) . آكلتَنِى what I have not done; as also
TA.) So too, ◌ٌ؟). أَشْرَبْتَنِى مَا لَمْ أَشْرَب and K in
(.شرب .art
((١), إِكَال K) and,؟) مُؤَاكَلَةً .inf.n ,أكلهُ .8
He ate with him; (S, K;) as also ◌ُوَاكَلَه, though
of weak authority; (Ķ;) or this latter is not
allowable. (8, Sgh.) Hisif" which is for-
bidden in a trad. is + A debtor's giving a thing to
his crelitor in order that he may abstain from
taking the debt. (TA.)
,said of the palm-tree [,إيكال.inf. n] , آكل .4
and of seed-produce, ($, K,) and of anything,
($,) It had ripe fruit ; it supplied food. (§, K.)
K,) inf. n. as above, (8)) He,؟) , آكُلُهُ الشَّيْ : -
gave him to eat the thing; he fed him with the
thing. ($,. K.) __ See also 2, in two places. __
.t He fed, or supplied, the fire with fuel آكل النَّارَ
,A,K,) inf. n. as above) ,آكل بَيْنَ النَّاسِ-(.؟)
($, O,) i He busied himself among the people
with propagating calumnies : (§, O, TA:) or he
created, or excited, disagreement, dissension, or

72
[BOOK I.
اکل
s'rife, among them; or made, or did, mischief| [xiii. 35], "1; Viel [Its fruit shall be per-
among them: (A, TA :) or he incited them, oue
against another. (K.) __ til selsi, ($,) or
,K, [in the CK, erroneously) ,أَكْلَ قُلَانًا فُلَانًا
ÚJ Byli, ]) : I made thec, ($,) or he made such
a one, (K,) to have dominio, or authority, or
power, over such a one. (Ş, Ķ.)
5. JEU: sce 1, latter part, in two places :-
and see also 8. __ Also, said of a sword, (S, Ķ,)
and of silver (K, TA) molten, (TA,) and of
lightning, and of collyrium, and of aloes, (K,)
and of anything shiny, (TA,) ; It shone, gleamed,
or glistened, (Ş, Ķ, TA,) much, or intensely; (₭;)
when said of a sword, by reason of its sharpness.
(Ş, TA.)
see : [ايتكلَ with the diajunctive alif] التكل .8
1, latter part, in two places.Jest As i
Dost thou not cease to eat our flesh, [i. e., to
wound our reputations, (see 1,)] and to defame
ux ? (Aboo-Nagr, TA.) But see below.CS
just The fire flamed, or blazed, vehemently ; as
though one part thereof devoured another. (T'A.)
He: ((؟) ,مِنَ الغَضَبِ K,) or) , اثتكل فَضَبًا -
burned, or burned fiercely, with, or by reason of,
anger. ($, Ķ.) The phrase mentioned above,
JOU Jas Li, is also cited as an ex. of this
meaning. ($, TA.) You say likewise, . JCSI
He mas, or became, angry with him, and excited,
or provoked, against him, (K, TA,) and vehement,
or severe; (TA;) as also تأكّل ٢ منه .(K.)
He asked, or begged, of ! استأكلهُ الشَّيْء .10
him to assign to him the thing, or to mahe it he
to him, as a means of subsistence, or a thing to be
eaten. (K, TA.) - يَسْتَأَكِل الضُّعَفة :He tahes
(Ş,K, TA) and devours (TA) the possessions of
the weak ones. (Ş, Ķ, TA.)
.أُكُلْ مBe: أُكلُ
فِى أَسْنَانِهِ أَكَلْـ -. [٩٠٢٠] أَكِلَ inf. n. of أُكَلْ
1 In his teeth is a rubbing together and wasting
away; by reason of age. ($, TA.) See also Ji
-A the + نَاقَةٌ أَكْلَةُ ـــ. [أَكِلَ part n. of] أُكِلُ
camel experiencing an itching and annoyance in
her belly, (§, K,) from the growth of the hair,
($,) or from the growth of the fur, (K,) of her
fœtus. (Ş, K.) __ [Je'yi is erroneously put, in
the CK, for Jeg, in a sense explained below.]
jel and Jei; (§, Mab, Ķ, &c. ; ) the latter
a contraction of the former; (Msb ;) What is
caten ; (§, Mẹb, TA ;) as also Viist and vif&f
(Lh, TA) and Viist and vifél: (Meb, Ķ)
and j,&t .; (Lh, Mab;) any eatable; i. c.
anything that is caten; ($;) and " jei signifies
[the same, an catable, or] food. (§, TA.) You
Bay of one who is dead, Nei sal [His food
has become cut off, or stopped : in the TA, el.
sce 1]. (S.) And Vyléi Ens ú I have not
tasted food. ($, TA.)_ Fruit (§, K [in the
latter of which, in some copies, Ji is put for
"JI, erroneously, as is said in the TA]) of palm-
trees and other trees [&c. ]. (S.) So in the Kur
petual] : (S, TA :) meaning that the fruits thereof
shall be not as those of the present world, which
come to one at one time and not at another.
(TA.) [PI. JIsi; occurring in the M and Ķ in
art. 31.] - 1 Means of subsistence : (K :) worldly
good fortune, ($, K,) and ample means of subsist-
ence. (؟.) You Bay, ◌ٍفُلَانْ ذُو أَخْل :Such a one
is possessed of worlilly good fortune, and ample
means of subsistence: (S) and sy bilic
: possessed of [great] good fortune; or of a [great
and] good share of the means of subsistence.
(TA.) -$ Thickness, substantiulness, or closeness
or compactness of texture, of a garment, or piece
of cloth ; ($, K, TA ;) and strength thercof. (K.)
You say ◌ٍثَوُّبْ ذُو أَكُل ◌ُ A garment, or piece of
قِرْطَاسْ ذُو أَكْلٍ cloth, haring thicknexs, &c .: and
: paper having thickness, &c. (S, TA.)_t In-
telligence ; judgment ; (Aboo-Nagr, S, K;) firm-
رَجُلَّ ذُو أَكْلٍ ness of intelect. (K, TA.) You say
[ A man possessing intelligence und judgment.
(Aboo-Nagr, §, TA.)
as A single art of eating (S, Mgh, Msb, K)
until one is satisfied. (S.) Hence the saying,
meaning That to ,المُعْتَادُ أَكْلَتَانِ الغَدَآءُ وَالعَشَاءِ
which people are accustomed is two acts of eating,
the eating of the morning-meal and that of the
evening-meal. (Mgh.) _ Sce also diei, in two
places. - And see Lei, first sentence.
Miei A morsel, or small mouthful, of food.
(S, Mgh, Msb, K.) [For the pl., see below.] You
(.؟) .I ate one morsel أَكَلْتُ أَكْلَةً وَاحِدَةٌ ,Bay
And ◌ًأُكْلَ بِأَخِيهِ أُكْلَة + [Ile ate a morsel by
means of defaming his brother] is said, in a trad.,
of a man who is on terms of brotherhood with
another, and then goes to his enemy, and speaks
of him in a manner not good, in order that he
may give him a present for doing so. (TA.) __
A small round cake of bread; syn. dogs; ($, Ķ;)
a single Jos : (Mgh :) pl. Jei, as below. (TA.)
-See also ◌َّأكُل .- Also +i.g.ٌ؟) ; طُعْمَة,K;)
which is also syn. with Y dist .; (S, M$b, Ķ, in
art. 1;) i. e. An assigned, or appointed, means
of subsistence; such as a grant of a tract of land;
and a tax, or portion of a tar or taxes; and the
like; (Mgh in explanation of i'd., and TA in
explanation of the same and of ileti in art.L;)
and [it is also said that] vileslo signifies a thing
that is assigned, or appointed, or granted, to a
man, so that he is not to be reckoned with, or
called to account, for it : (TA in the present art .: )
[thus it applies to any absolute grant, either of
land, (as an allodium, an appanage, fc.,) or of
,َآَكَالٌّ معK) [and app. al) أُكَلَّ .rerenue:] pl
هُذَا الشَّيْءُ أَكْلَةٌ لَك ,which see below]. You say
This thing is a anh to thee, or for thee. (S.)_
See also أكيلة .== Also, and " ◌ٌ؟) إكْلَّة, Z, Sgh,
Ķ) and viisi, (Kr, Ķ,) } Defumation; or de-
famation of the absent. ($, Z, Sgli, K.) You say,
أُكْلَةٍ ؟ TA) and ,؟) إِكْلَةٍ ٧ and إنَّهُ لَذُو أَكْلَةٍ
(TA) } Verily he is one who defames men; or,
who does so in their absence. (S, TA.)
Li ¿! A mode, or manner, (K,) or state, or
condition, (§, Ķ,) in which one cats: (Ş, Ķ :") like
Lil and i': ($, TA:) and the posture of
the eater, reclining or sitting. (TA.) You say,
,Verily he has a good mode] إنَّهُ لَحَسَنُ الإِثْلَةِ
&e., of eating]. ($.) __ See also aldi, last two
sentences. __ 1 The itch : or au itching : (S, K :)
as أكال ٢ مولد , (Ag,S,R,) [sce أَكَلَنِى رَأْسِى ,of
which both are said to be inf. ns., ] and vaisf:
(Ķ :) so the last is written accord. to the correct
copies of the K :. accord. to Esh-Shihinb, in the
Shifu el-Ghalcel, it would seem to be ilei; but
this is at variance with the authority of the leading
lexicologists : the same word, Lisi, is also cx-
plained in the Ķ as signifying a disease in a limb,
or member, in consequence of which one part is
[as it were] caten by another; [n meaning which
I believe to be correct, (src JEi,) although SM
says,] but this is identical with the itch, or an
itching : and Spiel is a vulgar terin for the
same; and so is visi, with medd, given as
correct by Eth-Thin'alibec, in [his book entitled]
the Mudaf and Mensoob, but disallowed by El-
إِنِّى لَّأَجِدُ فِى جَسَدِى ,Khafijcc. (TA.) One amys
as! I [Verily I experience in my body an itch-
ing.] (S.)
- إِكْلَةٌ scc: أَكِلَةْ
.أُكُولْ nce : أُكْلَةُ
-إِكْلَةُ Bec : أَكْلَانْ
.first and second sentences , أُكُلّ see: أَكَالْ
jei : A corrosion, or cankering, or decaying,
of a limb, or member, [nnd of a sore,] from the
mutual cuting amay of its several parts; as also
"JIS !. (K, TA.) [Sce also Lisi, voce is!,
where a similar meaning is assigned to the former
of these two words; and the same seems to be
indicated in the Mob.] _ Sce also another signifi-
cation voce ◌ًبِهَا أُكَالْ - اكْلَّة, said of a she-
camel, t She has an itching and annoyance in her
belly, ($, K,) from the growth of the huir, (S,)
or of the fur, (K,) of her fetus. (S, Ķ.)
.أُكْالْ Bee: إِكَالْ
all signify أُكِيلُ " and أُكْلَةُ " and رَجُلْ أَخُولٌ
the same; (K;) i. c. A man who eats much ;
[who is a great eater; edacious; voracious;] as
also JIEi. (TA.)
J.Si One who eats with another. ($, TA.)_
مَأْكُولْ ".1.9 =. أكُولْ and see __: آكل Soc also
[as signifying Euten]. (TA.) _See also di.si.
å,Él A sheep, or goat, which is set apart ($,
Msb, Ķ) to be eaten, (S, Mgh, Ķ,) [i. e.] to be
slaughtered, (Msb,) and which is fattencd, ($,
Mglı,) and the taking of which by the collector of
the poor-rate is disapproved; (§;) not left to
pasture by itself, being of the best of the beasts :
(Msb:) and Winsi occurs in the same sense,

73
Book I.]
applied to a sheep, or goat, fattened to be eaten.
(Mgh.) Hence the prov., ◌ًمَرْعًى وَلَا أَكُولَة [lit.
Pasturage, and no 2,SI]; meaning t wealth
collected together, and none expended. (TA.)_
Also Barren; applied to a sheep or goat [app.
because such is generally eaten]. (K.)
.see what next follows: أُكُولَةْ
with two , أُكُولَةٌ " and أَكيلْ and أَكِيلَةٌ
dammehs, (K,) so in the copies of the Ķ, but
perhaps a mistake for Y ildi, (TA,) a word of a
,مُؤَاكِلْ ٢ and مَأْكُولْ ٢ bad dial., (K, TA,) and
(K, TA, [in some copies of the former of which,
instead of ◌ِوَهِىَ قَبِيحَةٌ وَالمَأْكُولِ وَالمُؤَاكِل, mean-
ing, as is said in the TA, وَهِىَ لُغَةً قَبِيحَة &c., we
find ◌ِوَهِىَ قَبِيحَةُ المَأْكُولِ وَالْمُؤَاكِل,]) A sheep, or
goat, which is set (K, TA) in the lurhing-place of
a hunter (TA) for the purpose of catching thereby
the wolf and the lihe. (K, 'TA.) __ And the first
two words, (K) or أكيلةُ سَبْع ,(S, Mgh, Meb,)
A beast which has been eaten, ($," K,) or partly
eaten, (Mgh, Mab,) by a beast or bird of prey,
(§, Mgh, Msb, Ķ,) and then rescued from it :
(Mgh, TA :) the & in aLEI being added because
the quality of a subst. is predominant in it. (S.)
.أكولة See also-
. أُكُولْ Bcc : أَخَّالْ
: أكيل Eating ; or an eater ; as also آكِلَّ
pl. ◌ً؟). أُكْلَّة,K.) You say, ◌ٍهُمْ أَكَلَةُ رَأْس [lit.
They are eaters of a head]; meaning t they are
few; one head satisfying their stomachs. ($.)_
آكْلَةُ اللَّحْم -(.Pasturing beasts. (K, TA ) أَكلَّةُ
I The knife; (K, TA;) because it cuts the flesh :
(TA :) and the pointed stoff or stich; (Ķ, TA;)
as being likened thereto : (TA :) and fire: (₭ :)
and whips; (Sh, K ;) because they burn the skin.
[,الاكلُ , in the CK, erroneously] , الاكل-(.TA)
والمَأْكُولُ i The hing. (K, TA.y [Opposed to
qآكل الربا -[٢٠ ٠ [The receiver of usury]:
نُعِنَ آكل ,occurring in a trad., in which it is said
,The receiver of usury is cursed] : الربَا وَمُؤكِلُهُ "
and the giver thereof]. (TA.)
.إكْلَةً See al00 __ ٩٠٢٠ , آكِلَّى fem. of آكِلَةْ
-q. v., and of , أُكُلّ app. a pl. of pauc. of] آثَال
Jei, agrceably with analogy,] t The [grants
tormed] مآكل of kings; (K;) their مُعَم [pl. of
L'L, explained above, voce leij. (TA.)_
,ذُوُو الاَثَالِ - (.The stipends of soldiera. (K +
for which J has erroneously put JIS'yı, [in the
§,] (TS, K,) without 223, (TA,) } The lords, or
chiefs, of the tribes, who take the & Ly for fourth
part of the spoil, which was the chief's portion in
the time of ignorance] ($, TS, Ķ, TA) &c. (TA.)
TA,) [an) , مَقَّعَدْ in measure] like] (, ), مَأْكَلْ
inf. n. of ◌َأكْل, q. v .:- and also signifying]
Gain. ($, TA.)_ [Also A place, and a time,
[.مآكل .of eating : pl
J&j' + Fortunate; possessed of good fortune;
prosperous. (Aboo-Sa'eed, Ķ.)
Bk. I.
اكم - أكل
,آكل The giver of usury : see]: مُؤكِلُ الرِّيَا
last sentence]. (TA.)
and for -: أُكُلْ see: مَأْكُلَّةٌ " and مَأْكَلَةْ
the former, see also diei, in two places. _
Also, both words, i. q. are [i. e. Corn, or any
provision, which a man brings, or purveys, for
himself or his family, or for sale]. (K.) _ Also
used in the sense explained above, voce
مد] ,أُخُلْ
a subst.,] and likewise as an epithet, so that one
says alsi. it' [as meaning A sheep, or goat, that
is eaten]. (K.) __ Both words signify [also] A
place whence one eats. ($, O.)_[And hence]
one Bays, ◌ًاتَّخَذْتُ مُلاَنَا مَأْكَلَة and ◌ُمَأْكُلَة +[I
took for myself such a one as a person from whom
to obtain what to eat]. ($, O.) ___ [The pl. is
[.آكال of which see an ex. voce: مَآكِلُ
ust .: see the paragraph next preceding,
throughout.
Lici. Anything in [i. e. out of] which one
cats: (Lh, Ķ :) or [bowls of the kind called]
وصَحْفَة [S) or a [bowl of the hind called) , صحّاف
(TA,) in which the tribe find it easy to cook,
(80 in a copy of the $ and in the TA,) or to put,
(so in another copy of the $,) flesh-meat and [the
kind of porridge called] iwas: (S, TA :) or
a bowl not so large as a Mimo, but next to it
in size, that satisfies the stomachs of two men,
or three : ($ voce afonso :) [or] a small [bowl
of the hind called] anas, that satisfies the stomachs
of three : and a small [cooking-pot such as is
called] برمة . (K.)
and -: أُكُلْ and -: أَكِيلْ Bee: مَأْكُولْ
(.The subjects of a king. (Z, K, TA :-. أڪيلَةٌ
مَأْكُولُ حِمْيَرَ غَيْرٌ مِنْ أَكْلِهَا ,.Hence the trad
t The subjects of Himyer are better than their
king, or ruler. (Z, TA.)
Jich. A spoon : (K :) because one eats with
it. (TÁ.)
[, مُسْتَأُكِلْ " Also, [like -. أُكِيلَةٌ see: مُؤَاخِلْ
t One who takes and devours the possessions of
men. (TA.)
.see what next precedes: مُسْتَأَكِلْ
اكم
i. e. the] كَفَل The being big in the تَأْكِير .2
hinder parts, or posteriors, also termed inet:].
(O,K.) You say, ◌ُأكَّمَتِ المَرأة The woman was
large in the كَفَل .(TK.)
10. Sizi It (a place) became what are termed
,He (@ man استأكم. مَجْلِسَهُ == ـ (K) ٩.٣٠ , أكْم
TA) found his sitting-place to be plain, smooth,
soft, or easy to sit upon. (Ķ.)
.see what next follows : أُكْمر
¿El A hill, or mound, syn. JE, (Mab, Ķ,)
[in an absolute sense, or] of what is termed
[q. v.], (K,) or, as in the M, (TA,) of a single
collection of stones : or it is inferior to mountains:
or a place that is more elevated than what is
around it, and is rugged, not to the degree of
being stone : (Ķ :) or an isolated mountain :
(Ķ voce J .: ) or an eminence like what is
termed agi,: a collection of stones in one place,
sometimes rugged and sometimes not rugged :
(Meb :) or i. q. , except that the LS1 is
higher and greater : (ISh, TA :) or what is
higher than the J, compact and round, rising
into the shy, abounding with stones : (TA :) pl.
or this is rather] ,أكْ Mab) and ,؟) أَكْبَاتْ
8 coll. gen. n. of which List is the n. un.,] (§,
Msb, K,) and Ale!, (K, TA,) or this is pl. of
K, TA,) or this) ,أك Mgb, TA,) and ,؟), أكْم
is pl. of ؟) , إكام, Meb, TA,) and 8] آكَام pl.
of pauc. ], (K,) or this is pl. of si, (Ş, Msb,
TA,) and Si [which is also a pl. of paue. ],
(IJ, K,) or this is a pl. of Si: (TA :) IHsh
says that أكمر is the only word like ثمَر in its
series of pls. ; for its sing. [or n. un.] is i'¿f,
and the pl. of this [or the coll. gen. n.] is el,
and the pl. of this is As!, and the pl. of this
is Si, and the pl. of this is lei, and the pl.
of this is ◌ُأَكَامِيم [or ◌ُأَوَاكِيم !] .(MFinart ثمر.) It
is said in a prov., used in ridiculing any one who
has told of his committing some fault, not desiring
to reveal it, جُسْتُمُونِى وَوَرَاءَ الأَكْمَةِ مَا وَرَآءَهَا [in
which I think the first word to be a mistranscrip-
tion, for جنُّتُمُونِى, and the literal meaning to be,
Ye have come to me; but behind the hill is what
is behind it]: related on the authority of Zeyd
لَا تُبُلْ عَلَى ,Ibn-Kethweh. (TA.) And one says
Lei, meaning t Publish not what is secret of
thine affair. (TA.)
.see what next follows : ماكر and مَأْكَيْ
,or both (,8) , مَّأَكِمَةً El-Farhbee,) or) , مَأْعَمَةْ
and مَأَكْما and ماكما, (IAth, K,) The hinder
part, posteriors, buttocks, or rump, of a woman ;
syn. Bjes: ($:) or a portion of flesh on the
head of the $2> [or haunch] ; one of two such
portions : (Zj in his " Khalk el-Insan," and Ķ :)
or these are two protuberances of flesh on the
heads of the upper parts of the Ule,, [or
haunches]; on the right and left : (TA :) or
they are two portions of flesh conjoining the jon
[or buttocks] and the Que [or two portions of
flesh and sinem next the back-bone, on each
side]; (K, TA;) or, ns in the Nh, conjoining
the عجب [or rump-bune] and the متنان : or
: وَرِكَانٍ two portions of flesh at the root of the
(TA :) pl .__ U. ($. K.) Lh mentions the
saying, نَّهُ تَعَظِيمُ المَاكم [Verily he is big in
the hinder parts]; as though they called every
portion thereof SL .. (TA.) And one says in
reviling a person, يَا ابْنَ أَحْمَرِ المَاكَمَة, meaning
O son of him who is red in the LIA .. (TA.)
.see what follows : مُؤَكَّمَةْ
[مُؤاكَمَة ,in the CK, erroneously] مُؤَاكِمَةً
مَأَكْيَتَانِ She who is large in the مُؤكّمَة and
(Ķ.)
10

74
[Book I.
ال
Jí is a particle of determination : (Mughnee
&c .: ) or, accord. to some, it is a conjunet noun,
and this is the correct opinion; but some say it
is a conjunct particle ; and some, a particle of
determination : (1 'Ak p. 40:) [it is equivalent to
our article The; ] as in Jesi [The man] : ($ and
Ķ in art. 2, and I 'Ak p. 48:) accord. to Kh,
[what is termed] the determinative is Ji [alto-
gether, and thicrefore it is called by some "the
determinative alif and lám"]; but accord. to Sb,
it is the J alone; [wherefore it is called by some,
as in the $ &c., " the lam of deterinination ;"] 80
that accord. to Kh, the hemzch is a liemzeh of
disjunction ; but accord. to Sb, it is a hemzeh of
conjunction : (I 'Ak ubi suprà :) [J says,] the
J being quiescent, the conjunctive I is prefixed to
it in order that it may commence therewith ; but
when. it is conjoined with what precedes it, the lis
dropped, as in ◌ِ؟). للرّجُل in art. لوم.) Sometimes
the Arabs suppress liemzeh after it; and sometimes
they also suppress the i of the article itself: thus,
for الاحمر ,they say ◌ُالَحْمَر , and ◌ُ7). تَحْمَر], cited
in TA in art. LI.) In the dial. of some of the
people of El-Yemen, (TA in art. pl, q. v.,) or in
the dial. of Himyer, (TA in art. ,) ;l is
used in the sense of Ji. (TA.) __ It is used to
distinguish a noun as known [to the hearer or
reader in a particular and definite sense] : (Mugh-
nec, I 'Ak ubi suprà :) first, by its being men-
tioned [before]; (Mughnee;) as in [the words of
كَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ [,10 the Kur lxxiii. 15 and
Like as re sent unto ] رَسُولًا فَعَصَى فِرْعَوْنُ الرَّسُولَ
Pharaoh an apostle, and Pharaoh disobeyed the
apostle] ; (Mughnee, I 'Ak ;) in which case, the
pronoun may supply the place which it and the
noun that it accompanies occupies : secondly, by
its being conceived in the mind; as in [the Kur
ix. 40,] ◌ِإذْ هُمَا فِى الغَار [When they two were in
the cave]: and thirdly, by its being applied to a
thing present; and accord. to Ibu-'Osfoor, this
does not occur except after nouns of indication, as
in جَاءَنِى هُذَا الرَّجُل [This man (lit. this, the
man,) came to me] ; or after _si in calling, as in
JAju Wi Y [O man]; or after Is! denoting a
thing's happening suddenly, or unexpectedly, as
in 19 16 Eggs [I went forth, and lo, there
was the lion]; or after the noun denoting the
present time, as Ssi [Now]: but this requires
consideration ; for you say to the reviler of a man
in your presence, ◌َلَا تَشْتِهِ الرَّجُل [Revile not thou
the man]; and because that which is after is! does
not render determinate anything present at the
time of speaking; and because that in Syl is
really redundant, being inseparable, which the
determinative is never known to be: the good
example in this case is the saying in the Kur
This day I have] اَلْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ تَغْ دِينَكُمْ, [٥ ٧٠]
completed for you your religion]. (Mughnee.)
-It is also used to denote the species : first, to
denote the totality of the individuals of the species;
and this may have its place supplied by Je used
in its proper sense; (Mughnee, I'Aķ* ubi suprà;)
as in [the Kur iv. 32,] وَخُلِقَ الْإِنْسَانُ ضَعِيفًا [Fur
ال
man was created weak] : secondly, to denote the
totality of the properties of the individuals, or the
combination of all those properties in one thing ;
and this may have its place supplied by je used
in a tropical sense; as in زَيْدُ الرَّجُلُ عِلْمًا [Zeyd
is the man in respect of knowledge; as though he
combined in himself the knowledge of all the
individuals of his species]; i. e., he is the com-
plete, or perfect, [or we would rather say,
preeminent,] in knowledge; and hence, [in the
Kur ii. 1,] ◌ُذلِكَ الكِتَاب [That is the book, or
scripture ; as though combining in itself the
excellences of all other books or scriptures; or
meaning that is preeminently the book, or scrip-
ture]: and thirdly, to denote the quiddity, or
essence; and this may not have its place supplied
by JE used either properly or tropically; as in
وَجَعَلْنَا مِنَ الْمَاءِ [,31 .the saying, [in the Kur xxi
And me have made of water] كُلِّ شَىْءٍ حَىّ
(meaning, accord. to common opinion, sperma
genitale,) everything living]; or, accord. to some,
it is used in this case to distinguish a thing as
known [in a particular sense] by its being- con-
ceived in the mind. (Mughnce.) ___ It is also
used to denote predominance of application; as
in dice! [The city], meaning the city of the
Apostle ; and JELI [The book], meaning the
book of Scebaweyh : and in this case, it may not
be suppressed, except when the noun is used
vocatively, or when it is prefixed to another noun
which it governs in the gen. case; and in some
anomalous instancea, as in هُذَا عَيُّوقٌ طَالِعًا [Thei*
is the star Capella, rising], originally 3,2501.
(I 'Ak p. 51.) [In a case of this kind, it is said
in the Mughnce to be redundant; but I think it
is clearly not so in any of the instances here
mentioned, except the last; and this I would
rather assign to a category yet to be noticed, in
which Ji is certainly redundant, and, by rule,
inseparable.] ___ It is also prefixed to a noun
transferred from its original application to that of
a proper name; it being so prefixed to convey an
allusion to the original signification ; and such
noun being generally an epithet, as St -; but
sometimes an inf. n., as Las; and sometimes a
generic noun, as SUAS; so that in any of these
cases you may prefix Ji, saying SU's and
with a view to the original والنَّعْمَانُ and الفَضْلُ
signification ; and you may suppress it, with a
view to the actual state [which is that of a proper
name] : for when you mean that a name of this
kind is given as one ominous of good, you prefix
the Ji in order to indicate this; as when you say
ZU JI with a view to a person's being thus
named to prognosticate that he will live and be a
tiller, or cultivator; but when you only consider
it as a proper name, you do not prefix the Ji:
thus the prefix JI conveys a meaning not obtained
without it; and therefore it is not redundant, as
some assert it to be. (I 'Ak p. 50.) [The author
of the Mughnee is one of those who consider Ji
redundant in this case.]_ It is in some cases
redundant : and in some of these, it is inseparable;
as in [a proper name which cannot be used with a
view to an original application from which it has
been transferred to that of a proper name though
it may have been so transferred, such as] Sstuur,
which is the name of a certain idol that was at
Mekkeh [so called because a man used to moisten
Boy with clarified butter, for the pilgrims, at the
place thereof]; and, accord. to some, [as before
mentioned,] in Syl; and in the conjunet nouns
SAfl and its variations, accord. to those who hold
that a noun of this kind is rendered determinate
by its complement : in other cases, where it is
redundant, it is separable; and this is when it is
prefixed to a proper name by poetie licence, as in
,a specics of truffle; or ,بَّنَاتُ أَوْبَرَ for بَنَاتُ الأَوْبَرِ
accord. to Mbr, this is not a proper name, and
the Ji is not redundant; and when it is prefixed
وطِبْتَ نَفْسًا for طِبْتَ النَّفْسَ to a specificative, as in
accord. to the Basrees, who hold, in opposition to
the Koofees, that the specificative may only be
indeterminate; (I 'Ak p. 49;) [and, in like man-
ner, as redundant and separable,] it is irregularly
prefixed [by poetic licence] in Jey! [q. v.],
when it is left in its original form with kesr.
('T.)_Accord. to the Koofees, and some of the
Bagrees, and many of the later authors, it may
also supply the place of the affixed pronoun; and
stich they hold to be the case in the saying in the
Kur [xxix. 41],فَإِنَّ الْجَنَّةَ هِىَ الْمَأْوَى [Verily
Paradise, it shall be his place of abode]; and in
I paxsed by a man] مَرَّرْتُ بِرَجُلٍ حَسَنِ الوَجْهُ
ضُرِبَ زَيْدُ الظَّهُرُ وَالبَطُّنْ beautiful in hin face]; and
[Zeyd was beaten, his bach aud his belly] ; when
.are thus in the noim البطن and الظهر and الوجه
case: but those who deny its being used in this
manner hold that " is to be understood in the
verse of the Kur, and as in the other examples :
and Ibn-Malik restriets the licence to cases not
including the ale [or complement of Ji used in
the manner which is here next to be explained].
(Muglince.) __ It is also a conjunct noun in the
sense of Sajl and its variations; and as such is
prefixed to an act. part. n., and to a pass. part. n.,
and, as some say, to a simple epithet; (Mughnee,
and I'Ak p. 43;) as ◌ُالضَّارِب [which is equivalent
which is equivalent] المَضْرُوبُ and,[ الَّذِى يَضْرِبُ ما
I'Ak :) but): الحَسَنُ الوَجْهِ and ,[الَّذِى ضُرِبَ ما
this last is not to be regarded, as it cannot be
rendered by means of a verb. (Muglinee.) As
such, also, it is sometimes prefixed to an adverbial
noun, (Mughnce and I 'Ak,) extraordinarily ;
(I'Ak;) as in the saying,
.
مَنْ لَا يَزَالُ شَاكِرًا عَلَى الْمَعَهْ
·
.
فَهْوَ حَرٍ بِعِيشَةٍ ذَاتٍ سَعَهْ
[ Whoso ceases not to be grateful, or thankful, for
what is with him, or what he has, he is worthy of
a state of life such as is attended with plenty.]
(Mughince and I 'Ak.) As such it is also some-
times prefixed to a nominal proposition ; as in the
saying,
مِنَ القَوْمِ الرَّسُولُ اللّهِ مِنْهُمْ
.
◌َهُمْ دَانَتْ رِقَابٌ مَنِی مَعْدّ
.
[ Of the people of whom is the apostle of God, of
those to whom the necks of the sons of Ma'add

75
BOOK I.]
have become abased]. (Mughnee and I 'Ak.)
And as such it is also sometimes prefixed to a
verbal proposition, of which the verb is an aor. ;
which shows that it is not [in this case] a particle
of determination; (Mughnee ;) as in the phrase,
The voice of the ass that] صَوْتُ الحِمَارِ الْبُجَدّعُ
has his ear, or ears, cut off ]. (T and Mughnee.)
But all these three cases are peculiar to poetry ;
contrary to the opinion of Akh, and, with respect
to the last case, to that of Ibn-Malik. (Mughnec.)
[ Respecting the last instance, see also art. ¿. ]
Another instance of its usage prefixed in this sense
to an aor. is the saying,
.
مَّا أَنْتَ بِالْحَكَمِ التُّرْضَى حُكُومَتُهُ
[Thou art not the judge whose judgment is ap-
proved] ; (IAmb, T, I'Ak ;) a saying of El-
Farczdak : (IAmb, T:) it is an extraordinary
case; (I'Ak;) and is [said to be] an instance of
a bad poetic license, the like of which in prose
would be an error by common consent. (Expos.
of the Shudhoor edh-Dhahab.) In like manner,
one says, accord. to AZ, هذَا الَيَضْرِبُّك, meaning
This is he who beats thee; and رَأيْتُ الَضْرِيك I
هُذَا الْوُضِعَ لِلشَّعْرِ saw him who beats thee; and
This is what is approprioted to poetry. (T: [in
which this last ex. is perhaps intended to intimate
tlint the prefixing of JI in this manner to a verb
is allowable only in poctry.]).The Arabs also
وَهُوَ الحَصِيْنُ أَنْ يُرَامَ وَهُوَ العَزِيزُ أَنْ يُضَامَ ,Bay
أَحْصَنُ مِنْ أَنْ يُرَامِ وَأَعَزُّ مِنْ أَنْ يُضَام meaning
[He is more strongly fortified, or protected
against attach, than that he will be sought, or
desired, and he is more mighty than that he will
be injured; i. c., too strongly fortified, or pro-
terted against attach, to be sought, or desired,
and too mighty to be injured : scc .J. (TA in
art. لوم. [But ◌ْالحصن is there crroneously put
for الحَصِين.]) =Among strange usages, is that
of Ji as an interrogative, mentioned by Ķtr; as
in ◌َأَلْ فَعَلْت in the sense of ◌َهَلْ فَعَلْت [Didst thou
do ? or hast thou done?]. (Mughnce.)
J! Anything which has a quality requiring
it to be regarded as sacred, or inviolable ; which
has some right pertaining to it : and thus used
in particular senses here following. (R, TA.) __
Relationship; or nearness with respect to kindred;
(Fr, T, S, M, R, Ķ ;) Rs also Wijl, (Fr, T, Ķ,) of
which the pl. is Js. (K.) So in the Kur [ix. 8],
His tos y (Fr, T) They will not regard,
with respect to you, relationship; (Bd, Jel ;)
accord. to some. (Bd.) And so in a trad. of
'Alee, ◌َّيَخُونُ العَهْدَ وَيَقْطَعُ الإِل [He is unfaithful
to the covenant, and cuts the tie of relationship].
(TA.) Hassán Ibn-Thábit says,
تَعَمْرُكَ إِنَّ إِلَّكَ مِنْ قُرَيْسٍ
كَإِلِ السَّقْبِ مِنْ رَأْلِ النَّعَامِ
·
[ By thy life, thy relationship to Kureysh is like
the relationship of the young camel to the young
of the ostrich]. (S.) ___ Good origin. (K.) So,
accord. to some, in a saying of Aboo-Bekr, which
مَعْدِنْ or (٣) ,مَعْدِن.see below. (TA.)-1.q
[as meaning A place, or person, whence
الا-ال
a thing, or person, originates, free from imper-
fection, or from everything that would induce
doubt or suspicion or evil opinion]. (El-Muärrij,
TA: [in which the verse of Hassan cited above
is given as an ex. of this signification.]) __ A
compact, or covenant ; or one by which a person
becomes responsible for the safety, or safe-keeping,
of a person or thing ; syn. : (AO, Aboo-Is-
hak, T, S, M, R, Ķ :) a confederacy, or league;
syn. ; (Aboo-Is-hak, T, M, Ķ;) and so,
accord. to somc, in the Kur ubi suprà : (Bd :)
a covenant between two parties by which either
is bound to protect the other; syn. jlon : (Aboo-
Is-hák, T, R :) a promise, or an assurance, of
security or safety; or indemnity; syn. Sul;
(Ķ;) a meaning which it has, accord. to some,
in the verse of the Kur cited above. (TA.)
Hence, J'yIS A fulfiller, performer, or keeper,
of the compact, or covenant. (TA, from a trad.)
-Lordship; syn. agsi). (M, K.) So in the
Kur ubi suprà, accord. to some. (B .. ) And so
in the saying of Aboo-Bekr, above referred to,
when he heard the rhyming prose of Museylimch,
This is language] هُذَا كَلَامْ لَمْ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ إِلّ
which did not proceed from lordship]: 80 ex-
plained by A'Obeyd : (Suh, TA :) or it has here
another signification, mentioned before ; the mcan-
ing being, which did not come from the origin
wlience came the Kur-án : or, accord. to some, it
has here the signification next following. (TA.)-
Revelation, or inspiration. (Ķ, TA.)_ J'yi also
signifies God: [like the word N, or rather
587, as used in Hebrew :] (T, S, M,Ķ:) så
say Mujahid and Esh-Shaabce: (T:) and so
it is said to signify in the versc of the Kur
cited above : (T, TA :) [and so it seems
to signify in the saying of Aboo-Bekr, also
cited above, accord. to the M :] but Aboo-Is-
hak disallows this; and so does Suh, in the
R. (TA.) Ibn-El-Kelbee says, (M,) when
JĮ ends any name, it has this meaning, and is
the complement of a prefixed noun ; and so Je;
(M, K;) as in ◌ُجَبْرَئِل [and ◌ُجَبْرَئِيل &e.] ; and
BO Bay most of the learned : (TA:) but this is
not a valid assertion ; for were it so, , and
the like would be perfectly decl. : (M :) some
say that these names are constructed inversely,
after the manner of the language of the ' Ajam ;
JI and Jel meaning servant, and the first part
of the name being a name of God. (Suh, TA.)
I. q. Jar 5 [used in a pl. sense]. (Mughnee
in art. yı. [See what is said to be an ex. of
this meaning in a verse of Dhu-r-Rummeh cited
in art. yi in the present work. ]) ___ [It is said
that] JI is also syn. with ju [ A neighbour ; &c.].
(K : [and so, accord. to the TA, in the M; but
I have consulted the M without finding this
explanation, and think it to be probably a mis-
transcription for jign, (see above,) as in the T
and R.])
JI ji A thing, or an affair, relating, or
attributable, to Jyl, meaning either God, or
revelation or inspiration. (TA.)
-
yı
yi [in its primitive acceptation, being composed
of the interrogative hemzeh and the negative y,]
denotes an interrogation respecting a negative,
as in the saying [of the poet],
أَلَّا أَصْطِيَارَ بِسَلْمَى أَمْ لَهَا جَلَدْ
إِذَا أُلَاقِى أَتَِّى لَاقَاهُ أَمْثَالِى
[Is there not any patience belonging to Selmd,
or has she hardiness, when I experience what
persons like me have experienced?]: (Mughnee,
Ķ:) and when used in this manner, it is put
before a nominal proposition only, and governs
like the negative y [when used without the
interrogative hcmzeh]. (Mughnee.) __ It also
denotes a wish ; as in the saying [of the poet],
·
أَلَا عُمْرَ وَلَّى مُسْتَطَاعْ رُجُوعُهُ
·
فَيْرَأَبَ مَا أَثَّأَتْ يَدُ الغَفَلَاتِ
[May there not be a life which has declined
whereof the returning is possible, so that it may
repair what the hand of negligences hath marred?];
for which reason ing is mangoob, because it is
the complement of a wish, coupled with 3: and
used in this manner, also, it is put before a
nominal proposition only, [, in the verse
above being a qualificative, like an epithet,] and
it governs like the negative y [without the in-
terrogative hemzeh], and has no enunciative
either expressed or understood. (Mughnee.)_
It also denotes reproof, or reproach, (T, Mughnce,
Ķ,) and disapproval; as in the saying [of the
poet],
أَلَا أَرْعِوَّ لِمَنْ وَلَّتْ شَبِيَتُهُ
.
وَآَوَنَتْ بِمَشِيبٍ بَعْدَهُ حَرَمُ
.
[Is there no self-restraint to him whose youth
hath declined, and announced hoariness, after
which is to follow decrepitude ?]: (Mughnee,
Ķ:) and used in this manner, also, it is put
before a nominal proposition only, and governs
as in the cases mentioned above, (Mughnee,) or
before a verb [also], which is always marfoos ;
as in the phrases ◌َأَلَا تَنَدَّمُ عَلَى فِعَالِك [Dost not
thou repent of thine actions?] and 's yf
,Art not thou ashamed for thyself] مِنْ جِيرَانِلَ
or of thyself, with respect to thy neighbours ?]
and أَلَا تَخَافُ رَبَّك [Dost not thou fear thy Lord?].
والعَرْضُ T) or) (عَرْض T.)_ It also denotes)
and Japan Ji, both of which signify the asking,
or requiring, a thing ; (Mughnee, Ķ ;") but the
former means the doing so with gentleness ;
(Mughnee, Ķ;) and the latter, the doing so
with urgency : (Muglince:) and when used in
this manner, [also,] it is said to be composed of
y with the interrogative hemzeh ; (TA ;) and
is put before a verbal proposition only ; (Mugh-
nee ;) as in the saying [in the Kur xxiv. 22],
-Do not ye, or where] أُلّ تُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللهُ لَكْ
fore do not ye, (see lol,) like that God should
forgive you?] (Mughnee, Ķ,) and [in the same,
ix. 13,] ◌ْأَلَا تُقَاتِلُونُ قَوْمًا تَكَنُوا أَيْمَانَهُم [Will not
ye, or wherefore will not ye, fight a people who
have broken their oaths ?]; (Mughnee ;) or
10 .

70
VI
[BOOK I.
before a mejzoom or marfooa aor., both of these
forms being mentioned on the authority of the
أَلَا تَنْزِلُ تَأْكُلُ and ◌َلَا تَنْزِلْ تَأْخُلْ Arabe, as in
[ Wilt not thou, or wherefore wilt not thou, alight
and eat ?]. (Ks, T.)_ It is also an inceptive
particle, (§, Mughnce, Ķ,) of which those who
parse show the place but neglect the meaning,
(Mughnce,) used to give notice of something
about to be said, [like as Now, and why, (by
the former of which I think it is generally best
rendered when thus used,) are often employed
in our language, and like as anaà (which is
remarkable for its near agreement with it in
sound) is often used in Greck,] (S, Mughnee, Ķ,)
and importing averment, because it is composed
of the interrogative hemzeh and the negative y,
which, when thus composed, have this import,
(Mughnec, K,) like الم, and ◌َأَلَيْس, because the
interrogative particle resembles the particle of
negation, and the negation of a negation is an
affirmation, (Ham p. 589,) and like Lai before
an onth : (Z, Mughnec :) [it may therefore be
further rendered by our word surely; for this
word (as Dr. Johnson says in his Dictionary)
"is often used rather to intend and strengthen
the meaning of the sentence, than with any
distinct and explicable meaning:"] or it significs
W [verily, or truly]: (M voce Lol :) it is put
before both the [kinds of] propositions, [the
nominal and the verbal;] (Mughnce;) as in
أَلَّا إِنَّهُمْ هُمُ السَّفَهَاَء , [12 .the saying [in the Kur ii
[meaning Now surely it is they who are the
lightwitted], (Mughnee, K,) and [in the same,
xi. 11,] ◌ْأَلَّا يَوْمَ يَأْتِهِمْ لَيْسَ مَصْرُونًا عَنْهُم [meaning
Now surely, on the day of its coming to them,
it shall not be averted from them], (Mughnee,)
in which it As appears to be the object
of government of Ugras, which is the enuncia-
tive of ; whence it has been argued that,
as the object of government of the enunciative
of und precedes that verb, the enunciative itself
may precede it : (I 'Ak pp. 74 and 75 :) [J says,]
you say, أَلَّ إِنَّ زَيْدًا خَارِج [Now surely Zeyd is
إِعْلَمْ أَنَّ زَبْدًا خَارِج ,going forth], like as you say
[Know thou that Zeyd is going forth]: ($:)
Ks says, yi is used to give notice of what is
about to be said, and is followed by a command
and a prohibition and an enunciation, as in "f
[Now stand thou], and "" ý yi [ Now stand
not thoul, and ◌َأَلَّا إِنَّ زَبْدًا قَدْ قَام [Now surely
Zeyd has stood, or has just now stood]. (T.)
When it is put before the particle [u] used to
give notice of what is about to be said, it is
merely an inceptive, as in the saying. [of the
poet],
أَلَا يَا أَسْلَمِى يَا دَارَ مَیَّ عَلَى البِلَی
.
[ Now be thou free from evil, O abode of Meiyd,
during wear and tear]. (AAF, M.) __ Lth says,
sometimes yi is immediately followed by another
y; and he cites the following ex. :
فَقَامَ يَدُورُ النَّاسَ عَنَّا بِسَهْفِهِ
.
·
يَقُولُ أَلَّا لَا مِنْ سَبِيلٍ إِلَى مِنْدِ
.
[Then he began to drive away the people from us,
saying, Now is there no way to Hind?]: and
one says to a man, " Did such and such things
happen ?" and he answers, ý yi [Why no] :
he holds yi to be used to give notice of what
is about to be said, and y to be a negative. (T.)
.الى .and ,ُّ &e .: see art ,الأُلا and ألا
yi is a particle denoting Jagdes; (Msb in
art. går, Mughnee, Ķ ;) i. e., when followed by
a future, exciting to an action, and seeking or
desiring or demanding the performance of it;
and when followed by a preterite, reproof for not
doing a thing; (Msb ubi supra ;) syn. with ;
(T, TA;) and peculiar to enunciative verbal pro-
positions, (Mughnee, Ķ,) like the other particles
used for the same purpose. (Mughnee.) You
say, Die Jiff yi Wherefore wilt not thou do
such a thing? and] is Eu's. si [ Wherefore
didst not thou such a thing?] (T, TA,) meaning,
. لِمَ لَّمْ تَفْعَلْ كَذَا (TA,) or as though meaning, (T)
(T, TA.)=It also means y gi; the & being
incorporated into the J, which is written with
teslideed : (T, TA :) in which case, it is not to be
confounded with the foregoing particle. (Mugh-
nee.) You say, ◌َأَمَرْتُهُ أَلَّا يَفْعَلَ ذَاك [I commanded
him that he should not do that]; and you may
say , ◌َأَمَرْتُهُ أَنْ لَا يَفْعَلَ ذَاك :it occurs in the old
copies of the Kur written in the former manner
in some places, and in the latter manner in otlicr
places. (T, TA.) In the saying in the Kur
[xxvii. 31],َّأَلَّا تَعْلُوا عَلَى , [which may mean That
ye exalt not yourselves ogainst me, or exalt ye not
yourselves against me,] it may be a compound of
Ji governing a mansoob aor. and the negative ý,
or of the explicative gl and the prohibitive y.
(Mughnee.) [It often has J prefixed to it, forming
the compound jus, which signifies That, or in
order that, . . . not ; and may frequently be
لِقَلَّا يَكُون ,145 .rendered by lest ; as in the Kur ii
That, or in order that, there للنَّاسِ عَلَيْكُمْ حُجَّةْ
may not be, or lest there should be, to men,
against you, any allegation.]
SI, [regarded as a simple word,] not to be
confounded with the compound of the conditional
&! and the negative y, (Mughnee at the end of
the article on this word,) is used in four manners.
(The same in the beginning of the art.) First,
(Mughnee,) it is used (as a particle, S, Msh,) to
denote exception ; [meaning Except, save, or
saving ; and sometimes but ; and sometimes but
not ; as will be seen below ;] (T, S, Mẹb, Mugh-
nee, Ķ; [in which last it is mentioned in art. JI,
and again, as in the S, in the last division of
the work ;]) and to denote exception, it is used
in five manners ; after an affirmation, and a
negation, and a portion of a sentence devoid of
the mention of that from which the exception is
made, and when the thing excepted precedes that
from which the exception is made, and when these
two are disunited in kind, in which last case it
has the meaning of Ec [but when the sentence
is negative, and but not when the sentence is
قَامَ القَومُ إلَّا زَيْدًا ,affirmative]. (S, TA.) You say
[The people, or company of men, stood, except
Zeyd]; i. e., Zeyd was not included in the pre-
dicament of the people, or company of men :
(Msb:) and it is said in the Kur [ii. 250], (T,)
,And they drank of it] فَشَرِبُوا مِنْهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلاً مِنْهُمْ
except a few of them] : (T, Mughnee, Ķ :) here
is governed in the accus. case by Ji, (Mugh-
nee, Ķ,) accord. to the most correct opinion :
(Mughnce :) accord. to Th, it is so because there
is no negation in the beginning of the sentence.
(T.) And it is also said in the Kur [iv. 69], (T,)
They had not done it, or] مَا فَعَلُوهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلٌ مِنْهُ
they would not do it, except a few of them]: (T,
Mughnee, Ķ :) here J.5 is in the nom. case as
being a partial substitute, (Mughnce, Ķ,) accord.
to the Bagrees, (Mughnce,) i. e., as being a
[partial] substitute for the [pronoun] , [in oglas],
for it may here be so without perversion of the
meaning, whereas it cannot be so without such
perversion when the sentence is affirmative :
(TA:) accord. to the Koofees, yl is a conjunction,
like the conjunctive ý: (Mughnee:) accord. to
Th, JAG is here in the nom. case because the
sentence commences with a negative : (T:) or in
a sentence [like this,] which is not affirmative, in
which the thing excepted is united in kind to that
from which the exception is made, accord. to the
opinion which is generally preferred and whichi
commonly obtains, the noun signifying the thing
excepted is a substitute for the noun signifying
that from which the exception is made; but it is
allowable to put it in the accus. case according to
the general rule respecting exception ; so that one
says, ◌ْمَا قَامَ أَحَدْ إِلَّا زَيُد and إلَّا زَيْدًا [There stood
not any one, except Zeyd]: and the same is the
case in a prohibitive sentence; as in i " ý
Jj Jj and Wij y! [ Let not any one stand, except
Zeyd]; and in an interrogative sentence ; as in
,Did any one stand ] إِلَّ زَيْدًا and هَلْ قَامَ أَحَدْ إلَّا زَيْدُ
except Zeyd?]; when, in such sentences, the thing
excepted is united in kind to that from which the
exception is made. (I 'Ak p. 162.) You say also,
There came not to me any, save] مَا جَاءَنِى إِلَّ زَيْدْ
Zeyd], without mentioning that from which the
مَا ضَرَبْتُ إِلَّا زَيْدًا exception is made; (TA;) and
مَا مَرَرْتُ إلَّا بِزَيْدِ I beat not any, save Zeyd]; and]
[I passed not by any, save by Zeyd]; (I 'Ak
p. 164;) the case of the noun signifying the thing
excepted being the same as if yi were not men-
tioned: (I 'Ak ubi supra, and TA: ) but you
may not say, affirmatively, ضَرَبْتُ إلّا زيدًا, or the
like. (I 'Ak ubi suprà.) When the thing excepted
precedes that from which the exception is made,
if the sentence is affirmative, the noun signifying
the former must be in the accus. case; as in
En Dij Vị 6 [Except Zeyd, the people, or
company of men, stood]: and so, accord. to the
usage generally preferred, when the sentence is
not affirmative; as in ◌ُمَا قَامَ إلَّا زَيْدًا القَوْم [Except
Zeyd, the people, or company of men, stood not];
but recorded instances allow one's saying also,
I'A p. 163.) When the). مَا قَامَ إِلَّا زَيْدُ القَوْمُ
thing excepted is disunited in kind from that from
which the exception is made, if the sentence is
affirmative, the noun signifying the former must
قَامَ القَوْمُ إلَّ likewise be in the accus. case; as in
Su [The people, or company of men, stood, but

77
VI
Book I.]
not an as], and ضَرَبْتُ القَوْمَ إِلَّا حِمَارًا [I beat the]
people, but not an aw], &c .: (I 'Ak p. 162:) and
so, accord. to the generality of the Arabs, when
مَا قَامَر القَوْمُ إلَّا حَمَارًا the sentence is negative; as in
[The people stood not, but an ass]; (I 'Ak p. 163;)
and مَا رَأَيْتُ القَوْمَ إِلَّ حِمَارًا [I saw not the people,
■■ ; لكنّ being here syn. with الآ ;[but an ass
also in the Kur [xlii. 22], where it is said,
I ash] لَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْا إِلَّ الْمَوَدَّةَ فِى الْقُرْبَى
not of you a recompense for it, but affection in
respect of relationship]; (Msb ;) and in the same
مَا أَنْزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ الْقُرْآنَ لِتَشْقَى إِلَّ تَذْكِرَةً ,2 xx. I and
[We have not sent down unto thee the Kur-án
that thou shouldest suffer fatigue, but as an
admonition]; (Bd, Jel;) or it is here syn. with
: [لكنّ which in this case means the same as] بَلْ
(§:) so, too, when the sentence resembles a
negative, being prohibitive or interrogative; (I 'Aķ
لَا تَضْرِبِ القَوْمَ ,p. 163, explaincd in p. 162;) [thus
il y! means Beat not thou the people, but an
فَلَولَا كَانَتْ قَرْيَةٌ آمَنَتْ فَنَفَعَهَا إِيمَانُهَا إِلَّا [aan; and
-in the Kur x. 98] means And where] قَوْمَ يونس
fore did not any inhabitants of a town believe,
before the punishment befell them, and their
belief profit them, but the people of Jonas? for
these were different from the former. (T.) When
J! is repeated for the purpose of corroboration, it
has no effect upon what follows it, except that of
corroborating the first exception; as in ,
,I passed not by any one] بِأَحَدٍ إلَّا زَيْدٍ إِلَّا أَخِيكَ
except Zeyd, exrept thy brother], in which Jel
is a substitute for Jj, for it is as though you said,
قَامَ القَوْمُ and as in زمَا مَرَرْتُ بِأَحَدٍ إِلَّا زَيْدٍ أَخِيكَ
,The people stood, except Zeyd] إلّا زَيْدًا وَإِلَّ عَمْرًا
und except ' Amr], originally إلّا زَيْدًا وَعَمْرًا .When
the repetition is not for that purpose, if the sen-
tence is devoid of the mention of that from which
the exception is made, you make the governing
word [which is the verb] to affect one, whichever
you please, of the nouns signifying the things
excepted, and put the others in the accus. case,
مَا قَامَ إِلَّا زَيْدٌ إِلَّا عَمْرًا إِلَّا بَكْرًا ,so that you say
[There stood not any, save Zeyd, save ' Amr, save
Bekr]; but if the sentence is not devoid of the
mention of that from which the exception is made,
different rules are observed accord. as the things
excepted are mentioned before that from which
the exception is made or after it: in the former
case, all must be put in the accus., whether the
sentence be affirmative or not affirmative; as in
,Except Zeyd] قَامَ إِلَّا زَيْدًا إِلَّا عَمْرًا إِلَّا بَكْرًا القَوْمُ
except ' Amr, except Behr, the people stood], and
,Except Zeyd] مَا قَامَ إلَّا زَيْدًا إِلَّا عَمْرًا إِلَّا بَكْرًا القَوْمُ
except ' Amr, except Behr, the people stood not] :
in the latter case, when the sentence is affirmative,
all must likewise be put in the accus., so that you
Bay , قَامَ القَوْمُ إِلَّا زَيْدًا إِلَّ عَمْرًا إِلَا بَكْرًا [The people
stood, except Zeyd, except ' Amr, except Behr];
but when the sentence is not affirmative, the same
rule is observed with respect to one of them as
when the exception is not repeated, accord. to the
usage generally preferred, or it may be put in the
accus., which is rarely done, and the rest must be
i y gie il j [There stood not any one,
except Zeyd, except 'Amr, except Behr, accord.
to the more approved usage], Jj being a sub-
stitute for l, or you may make the other
nouns which remain to be substitutes. (I 'Ak
pp. 164-166.) __ Secondly, (Mughnee,) it is
used as a qualificative, (S, Meb, Mughnee, Ķ,)
in the manner of je, (Mughnee, K,) [i. e.]
in the place of Ne, (S,) [i. e.] as syn. with Net,
(T, Msb,) and Syn; (T;) [both meaning the
same, i. e. Other than; or not, as used before a
subst. or an adjective ;] but its primary application
is to denote exception, and its use as a qualificative
is adventitious; whereas the primary application
of je is as a qualificative, and its use to denote
exception is adventitious. (§.) It [generally]
follows an indeterminate, unrestricted pl .; (Msb;).
or an indeterminate pl., or the like thereof, is
qualified by it and by that which follows it;
(Mughnee, Ķ ;) the noun which follows it being
put in the same case as that which precedes it.
(S.) The following is an ex. of the indeterminate
لَوْ كَانَ فِيهِمَا آلِهَةٌ إِلَّا اللَّهُ (:pl .: (Mughnee, K
GSM [If there had been in them (namely the
heavens and the earth) deities other than God, or
not God, assuredly they would have become in a
state of disorder, or ruin ; occurring in the Kur
xxi. 22]; (Fr, T, S, Mab, Mughnee, Ķ ;) \t here
meaning 5, (Fr, T,) or yk, (Msb, TA,) and
JI yi being a qualificative of auJi. (TA.) And
the following is an ex. of the like of an indeter-
minate pl. :
*
أُنِيَتْ فَأَلْقَتْ بَلْدَةً فَوْقَ بَلْدَةٍ
..
قَلِيلٍ بِهَا الأَصْوَاتُ إِلَّ بُغَامُهَا
·
[ She (the camel) was made to lie down, and threw
her breast upon a tract of ground in which were
few sounds other than her broken yearning cry
for her young one]; for the determination of
-is generical : (Mugh [ال by the article] الاصوات
nee, Ķ :) this verse is by Dhu-r-Rummeh. ($ in
art. .. ) The following is an ex. of the like of a
pl ..: (Mughnee:) it is by Lebeed: (T:)
لَوْ كَانَ غَيْرِى سُلَيْمَى الْيَوْمَ غَيّرَهُ
وَقْعُ الحَوَادِثِ إِلَّ الصَّارِمُ الذَّكَرُ
.
[ If it had been other than I, (O) Suleymd, to-
day, the befalling of misfortunes would have
altered him; other than the sharp sword diversified
with wavy marks or streahs or grain, or of which
the edge is of steel and the middle of the broad
side of soft iron]. (T, Mughnee. [But in the
latter, in the place of ysi, I find NJI, i. e.
ever.]) What Sb says necessarily implies its not
being a condition that the word qualified must be
a pl. or the like thereof ; for he gives as an ex.,
If there had been] لَوْ كَانَ مَعَنَا رَجُلٌ إِلَّا زَيْدٌ تَغُلِبْنَا
with us a man other than Zeyd, we should have
been overcome]. (Mughnee.) Another ex. of the
جَاءَنِى القَوْمُ إِلَّا : is the following إلّ same usage of
Nj [The people came to me, others than Zeyd, or
not Zeyd]. (S) [And مَا أَنْتُمْ إِلَا بَشَرَّ مِثْلُّنَا Ye
are no other than human beings like us. (Kur
xxxvi. 14.)] And the saying [in the Kur xliv. 56],
They shall] لَا يَذُوقُونَ فِيهَا الْمَوْتَ إلَّ اَلْمَوْتَّةَ الْأُولَى
not taste therein death, other than the first death];
yt here meaning S> : (T:) or, accord. to some,
it here means Jmy [after]. (Jel.) And the saying
of ' Amr Ibn-Mandee-kerib,
.
وَكُلُّ أَخِ مُفَارِقُهُ أَخُوهُ
تَعْمُرُ أَبِيكَ إِلَّ الفَرْقَدَانِ
[ And every brother, his brother forsakes him, or
separates himself from him, by the life of thy
father, other than the Farhadan; which is the
nanie of the two stars 8 and y of Ursa Minor];
as though he said ◌ِغَيْرُ الفَرْقَدَيْن :( :) but Ibn-
El-Hájib regards this instance as a deviation from
a general rule ; for he makes it a condition of the
use of yi as a qualificative that it must be impos-
sible to use it for the purpose of denoting excep-
tion : (Mughnce :) Fr says that this verse lins the
meaning of a negation, and therefore Ji here
governs the nom. case; as though the poet said,
There is not any one but his brother forsakes him,
except the Farkadán. (T.) When it is used as a
qualificative, it differs from we inasmuch as that
the noun qualified by it may not be suppressed ;
so that one may not say, جَانِى إلَّا زَيد [meaning
There came to me not Zeyd]; whereas one says,
;and, accord. to some, in this also : جَاءَنِى غَيْرُ زَيْدٍ
that it may not be used as such unless it may be used
to denote exception; so that one may say, Soie
Bits l 's [I have a dirhem, not a danik],
because one may say wis y! [except a danik];
but not yi- [not a good one], because one
may not say It y! [except a good one]; but
it may be said that this is at variance with what
, لَوْكَانَ فِيهِمَا آلِهَة they assert respecting the phrase
and with the ex. given by Sb, and with the saying
of Ibn-El-Hájib mentioned above. (Mughnee.)
-Thirdly, (Mughnee,) sometimes, (S, Msb,) it
is used as a conjunction, (Mughnee, Ķ,) in the
manner of ), (S, Mughnee, Ķ,) consociating both
literally and as to the meaning, as mentioned by
Akh and Fr and AO, (Mughnce,) [i. e.] as syn.
mith , [And]. (Msb.) Thus in the saying,
لِثَلَّا يَكُونَ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَيْكُمْ حُجَّةٌ إِلَّ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا
[That there may not be to men, against you, any
allegation, and (meaning nor) to those who have
acted wrongfully]; (Msb, Mughnee, Ķ;) occurring
in the Kur [ii. 145]; (Msb;) so accord. to Akh
and Fr and AO; (Mughnee;) i. e., and those
who have acted wrongfully also, to them there
shall not be, against you, any allegation : (Msb :)
Fr explains it as meaning that the wrongdoer lias
no allegation of which account should be taken ;
and this is correct, and is the opinion held by Zj.
('T.) Thus, too, in the saying [in the Kur xxvii.
لَا يَخَافُ لَدَىَّ الْمُرْسَلُونَ إِلَّا مِنْ ظَلَمْ ,[11 and 10
The apostles shall not fear] ثمّ بَدَّلَ حُسْنَا بَعْدَ سُوْ
in my presence, and neither shall he who hath
acted wrongfully, then hath done good instead,
after evil; as some explain it; but others say
that yi here denotes exception]. (Muglinee, in
which it is explained as meaning ◌َوَلَا مَنْ ظَلَّم ; and
Ķ.) And thus in the saying of the poet, [namely,
El-Mukhabbal Es-Sandee, (S in art. ,)]

78
وَأَرَى تَهَا دَارًا بِأَعْدِرَةِ الْـ
.
سِيَدَانِ لَّمْ يَدْرُسْ لَهَا رَسْمُ
.
إِلَّا رَمَاذَا هَامِدًا دَقَعَتْ
.
عَنْهُ الرِّيَاحَ خَوَاِدْ سُهْمُ
[And I see a dwelling formerly belonging to her,
at the pools of Es-Seedan, (a hill so called,) the
remains of which have not become effaced, and
ashes wasted and compacted together, from which
three blach pieces of stone whereon the cooking-pot
was wont to be placed turned bach the winds] :
he means, ؟) . أَرَى لَهَا دَارًا وَرَمَادًا.) - Fourthly,
(Mughnee,) it is redundant, as in the following
verse, (§ in art. LU, Mughnee, K,) of Dhu-r-
Rummeh, (§ ubi suprà, Mughnee,) accord. to At
and IJ: (Mughnee :)
·
·
حَرَاجِيجُ مَّا تَنْفَكُ إِلَّ مُنَاحَةٌ
عَلَى الَخْفِ أَوْ نَرْبِى بِهَا بَلَدًا قَفْرَا
[She-camels long-bodied, or lean, (but other mean-
ings are assigned to the word which I thus
render,) that cease not to be made to lie down
in a state of hunger, or with which we direct
our course to a desert region]; (§ ubi suprà,
Muglinee ; [but in one copy of the former, in
the place of نرمى , I find يرمى ; and in my copy
: ما تنفلك مناخةً ,meaning (1; تَرْمى ,of the later
(Ș ubi suprà :) but it is said that this is a mistake
of the poet : (Mughnee :) so says Aboo-'Amr
Ibn-El-'Alà; for, he says, yi is not to be intro-
duced after 2055 and Jis: (TA:) and some
say that the right reading is y!, with tenween,
[perhaps a mistranscription, for yi,] meaning
Les [in a pl. sense] : and some, that des
is a complete [or an attributive] verb, and il.
is a denotative of state; [consequently, that !
is a compound of 3! and y, as in some other
instances hereafter to be mentioned ;] the meaning
being, that are not disengaged, or not free, from
fatigue [unless when made to lie down]. (Mugh-
nee.) The following is also given as an ex. of
the same kind :
أَرَى الدَّحْرَ إِلَّ مَنْجَنُونًا بِأَهْلِهِ
[I see fortune, or time, to be like a water-wheel,
with its people]: but the reading which is remem-
bered to have been heard is Mimi Ly: and if
the former be correct, it may be explained on
the supposition that (Ssl is the complement of
an oath meant to be understood, and that y is
suppressed, as in [the saying in the Kur xii. 85,]
,so that the meaning is] ; تَاللهِ تَمْتَأَ تَذْكُرُ يُوسُفَ
I see not fortune, or time, to be aught save a
water-wheel, with its people;] the form of the
exceptive sentence which is devoid of the mention
of that from which the exception is made indi-
cating such an explanation. (Mughnee.) ___
[Fifthly,] it occurs as syn. with L [as a particle
denoting exception, equivalent to our But ;
meaning both except and (after an oath or the like)
only, or nothing more than]; an in the saying
إِنْ كُلُّ إِلَّا كَذَّبَ الرَّسُلَ , [19 .in the Kur [xxxviii
[There was not any ons but such as accused the
apostles of lying], in which 'Abd-Allah reads,
الب - الا
[BOOK I.
. in its place, ; and for is he reads it's; collected ; or compact; syn. 1; (Th, K; )
.[and as in the saying, أَسْأَلُكَ بِاللهِ إِلَّا أَعْطَيْتَنِى [I
ash, or beg, or bescech, thee by God but that
. | thou give me; i. e., I do not ask of thee any-
thing save thy giving me; the preterite here,
.
as in many instances in which it is preceded by
(q. v.), not being a preterite in meaning];
for which one says also كما اعطيتنى .(T.)= It
is also a particle [or rather a compound of two
words] denoting the complement of a condition ;
originally ý 3!, which form a compound that
does not admit of [the pronunciation termed]
imáleh, because ! and y are particles. (T.)
[It signifies, lit., If not.] It is followed by a
fut., which it renders mejzoom; [and in this
case it may be rendered as above, or by unless ;]
as in the saying in the Kur [viii. 74], ",
If ye do it not, or unless ye] تَكُنْ فِتْنَةٌ فِى الأَرْضِ
·
do it, there will be a weakness of faith and an
appearing of unbelief in the earth]. (T.) [In
like manner,] in a saying such as the following, [in
the Kur ix. 40,] ◌ُإلَّا تَنْصُرُوهُ فَقَدْ نَصَرَهُ الله [If ye
do not, or will not, aid him, certainly God aided
him], it is only a compound of two words, the
conditional &! and the negative y, and is distinct
from y! of which the usages have been mentioned
before, though Ibn-Malik has included it there-
with. (Mughnee.) [Often in post-classical works,
and perhaps in classical also, but seldom except
when it is preceded by a condition with its com-
plement, the verb or verbal proposition which
should immediately follow it is suppressed ; as
إِنْ فَعَلْتَ كَذَا عَفَوْتُ ,in the like of the saying
JE Jj sie If thou do such a thing, I forgive
thee, or cancel thine offence; but if thou wilt not
do it (i. e., "" y.,) I hill thee : sometimes
also it ends a sentence, by an aposiopesis; the
whole of what should follow it being suppressed :
and sometimes the complement of the condition
which precedes, as well as the verb or verbal
proposition which should immediately follow it,
إِنْ فَعَلْتَ كَذَا ,is suppressed ; so that you say
siEs it, If thou do such a thing, excellent
will it be, or the like, (" Gas, or the like,
being understood,) but if not, I kill thec.
Hence,] it sometimes has the meaning of !,
[signifying Or, denoting an alternative, cor-
responding to a preceding LI, which signifies
إِمَّا أَنْ تُكَلِّمَنِى وَإِلَّا ,either, "] as in the saying"
Ext [Either do thou speak to me or else
(meaning وَإلَّا تُكَلِّمْنِى or if thou will not speak
to me) be silent], i. c., ◌ْ؟). وَإِمَّا أَنْ تَسْكُت.) [It
is also followed by ◌ْأَن, as in ◌ُإِلَّا أَنْ يَشَآء الله Unless
God should please; in the Kur vi. 111, &c.
And by , as a denotative of state, as in ,25 ý
Do not ye die unless ye be إلَ وَأَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ
Muslims; in the Kur ii. 126 and iii. 97. And
sometimes it is preceded by >Jí; for the effect
of which, in this case, see art. JJI.]
الب
1. Cif, (Th, M, K,) aor. = and 2, inf. n.
Ji, (M,) It (a thing, Th, M) was, or became,
or
The people الَّبَ إِلَيْهِ القَوْمُ - (.M). تَجَمَّعَ
came to him from every direction : (M,Ķ :) or
ist Ji [signifies the people multiplied them-
salves, and kastened ; for it] denotes ,tys
and الإسراع :(T in art. ضهب :) and الب , (T,K,)
sor. as above, (T,) signifies he hastened, or went
quickly. (T,K.)-ُأَلَبَتِ الإِبِل The camels obeyed
the driver, and collected themselves together. (M,
Ķ.) [See also 5.]_ _ Ji He returned to
him, or it. (K,"TA.) _ وأَلَبَتِ السَّماء (M,K,)
aor. ; , (M,) The sky rained with long continuance.
(M, K.)- Ji, ($, Msb, Ķ,) aor. ; , inf. n.
Ji, (Msb,) He collected ($, Msb, Ķ) an army,
(§,) or a people ; (Msb;) as also _Ji, (M,)
inf. n. ¿ JG: (TA :) and camels also: (TA :)
or ◌َّأَلَبُ الإِبِل sor. = (T,"؟, M, K) and =, (S, M,
K,) inf. n. i, (T, S,) signifies he collected the
camels, and drove them ($, TA) vehemently :
(TA:) or he drove them : (T," Ķ :) or he drove
them vehemently. (M.) __ _ Ji, (TA,) inf. n.
as above, (Ķ, TA,) also significs He drove,
pursued, chased, or hunted, with vehemence : (Ķ,
TA :) and he drove away a people. (Msb.)
You say, ◌ُأَلَبَ الحِمَارُ طَرِيدَتَّه The [wild] ass
chased, or pursued, the object of his chase [i. e.
his female, as is shown by MF,] with vehemence ;
(M, Ķ ;) as also (Ji. (Ķ.)
2 : see 1, in two places .___ G also significs
The act of exciting, instigating, or rousing to
ardour : (S,Ķ:) and the exciting of discord, or
strife, or the making of mischief. (K.) You say,
MH JI He excited discord or strife, or made
mischief, between them. (M.)
5. 1.JU They collected themselves together. (S,
تألبوا عَلَيه ,A, Msb.) [See also 1.] You say also
They leagued together, or collected themselves to-
gether, and aided one another, against him. (T.)
JI (T, Ş, Mab) and ¿jl ($, Mab) Persons,
or people, collected together ; (§ ;) an assembly ;
a collected body : (Mab:) or a collection of many
people : ('T:) and fi Ji a great assembly
or congregation. (M.) ___ Also A people, or
company of men, combining in hostility against
a man. (TA, from a trad.) You say,
but the former is the) ,إِلَبَّ and ,أَلْبُ وَاحِدٌ
better known, M,) They are [one body of men]
assembled against him with injustice and enmity
or hostility: (Ltlı, T, M, K :) like Jets Je,
and ◌ْصَدْعٌ وَاحِد and ◌ٌضِلَعْ وَاحِد .(T, TA.)
¿il: sce ¿ff, in two places.
¿Ji a diul. var. of Ju; (M;) Helmets of
camels' skins : or, as some say, it signifies steel :
(T:) ¿,i is [its n. un., being] a dial. var. of ¿i.
[.يَلَب K,"TA.) [See also)
¿Ji: see _Ji. __ Also One who hastens, or
is quick; (T;) and _. likewise signifies [the
same; or] quick, or swift : (Ibn-Buzurj, T, Ķ :)
or the former signifies quich in drawing forth the
bucket : (IAar, M, Ķ :) or brisk, lively, sprightly,
active, agile, or prompt, and quick; (Ķ, TA ;)
·
.

79
Book I.]
applied to a man. (TA.) - ◌ٌرِيحٌ أَلُوب A cold
wind, (M,) that raises and scatters the dust.
(M, Ķ.)", " A shy raining with long
continuance. (M.)
. أُلُوبٌ see : مِثْلَبُ
Ej: " [An envious man,] who excites
discord or strife, or males mischief. ($," TA.)
الت
1. Eff, aor. , , inf. n. Eff, It (a thing) de-
creased ; diminished ; lessened ; became defective,
deficient, incomplete, or imperfect. (Mgb.) ==
": "El, (S, M, A, Ķ,) aor. , , (S,M, Ķ,) inf. n.
33 (S, M) and Být; (M;) and al, aor. < ;
(Fr;) and Vesi, (M, Ķ,) inf. n. Šių; (K;)
as also asyi, inf. n. Sý, (so in a MS. copy of
the K,) or & l; (so in the L: [agrecably with
analogy, and therefore probably the correct read-
ing : see art. J, to which it belongs : in SM's
copy of the K, and in the CK, the verb is written
"Gyi, and the inf. n. Syl : by MF, the verb is
written Y'EST, of the measure Jet, and the inf. n.
and ; يَلِيتُ .aor , لَاتَّهُ and] ([: قِتَّالْ like , إِلَاتْ
"E5 ;; and "E;l;] IIe diminished to him his
right, or due; abridged him, or defrauded kim,
of a portion of it : (Fr, Ş, M, A, Ķ :) and in
like manner, "ju. LEff, and Visi, &c., he dimi-
nished to him his property ; or abridged him, or
defraudeil him, of a portion of it : (M, TA :)
and التَ الشَّيْء ke diminished the thing. (Mob.)
[Hence,] ◌ٍمَا أَلَتْنَاهُمْ مِنْ عَلِهِمْ مِنْ شَىْء [in the
Kur lii. 21, We will not diminish to them aught of
the reward of their work]: (T, A :) or, accord. to
one reading, (that of Ibn-Ketheer, TA,) "est ..
(T, TA.) [See also art. @J.].2251, (T, $, Ķ,)
or ◌ِو ◌َلَتَّهُ عَنْ وَجْهِه (TA,) mor. = ; (T;) as also
"bý; these being two dial. vars., one of the other,
mentioned by Yz, on the authority of AA ; ($ ;)
[and 'Syf; (scc art. ; )] He withheld him,
or restrained him, (Ş, Ķ,) and turned him, or
averted him, (T, Ş, Ķ,) from his course, purpose,
, أَلَتَّهُ يَمِينًّا M, K)) or) , الْتَّهُ = (.TA,؟) .or object
(Aş, T, Ş,) aor. „, inf. n. LJi, He made him to
smear, or tale an oath : (Aş, T, Ş, Ķ :) or he
desired of him that he should swear, or give
,أَلَتَّهُ بِيَمِين his testimony, for him. (M, K.) And
inf. n. as above, He pressed him, or pressed hard
upon him, with an oath. (M.) It is related
that a man said to 'Omar, " Fear God, O prince
of the faithful :" and another, hearing him, said,
meaning Dost thou , أَتَأَلِتُ عَلَى أَمِيرِ المُؤْمِنِينَ
lower the dignity of the prince of the faithful?
or dost thou diminish to him [the respect that
is due to him]? accord. to IAar. : or rather,
dost thou conjure the prince of the faithful? his
saying " Fear God" being as though he conjured
أَلَتُّكَ بِاللّه لمّا ,him by God: for the Arabs say
Lis Elts, meaning I conjure thee by God but
that thou do thus, or such a thing. (T.)
3 : see 1.
4 : see 1, in two places.
الف - الب
مَا فِى مَزَّاوِدِهِمْ Deficiency : as in the saying أُنْتْ
Eff [There is not, in their provision-bags, any
deficiency]. (A.) A smearing ; syn. .
(M, TA.) [Perhaps an inf. n. in this sense.]_
An oath : as in the saying, when one has not
given thee thy right, or due, J'y oss [ Bind
thou him by oath]. (T.) == Calumny, slander, or
false accusation. (Kr, M, Ķ.) [Perhaps an inf. n.
in this sense also.]
il A small gift. (AA, T, K.) = An oath
such as is termed Jysk, q. v. (AA, T, K.)
الد
Byl &c. for asýg &c. : see art. Ny.
الف
1. 201, (T, Ş, M, Msb, Ķ,) nor. ‘, (Ş, Mẹb,
Ķ,) inf. n. Jil (S, M, M&b, K) and Ji (K) and
, أَلْفَانْ which is anomalous, and ,ولاف and إلَّافْ
(M, TA,) He kept, or clave, to it; (A'Obeyd,
T, M, M$b," TA;) namely, a thing, (A'Obeyd,
T, M, TA,) or a place; (§, Msb, TA;) as also
Mi, aor. ; ; (TA;) and YAwi, (A'Obeyd, T, Ş,
M, Mab,) aor. j., ($, TA,) inf. n. Jid; ($,
مُؤَالَفَةٌ .inf. n , يُؤَالِفُ .nor ,آلفه Meb, TA;) and
and Sý !: (S, Mab, TA:) [he frequented it, or
resorted to it habitually; namely, a place :] he
became familiar with it; or accustomed, or habi-
tuated, to it; namely, a thing: (AZ, T:) he
became familiar, sociable, companionable, friendly,
or amicable, with him : (AZ, T, Msb:) he loved,
or affected, him; lihed, approved, or tooh pleasure
in; him. (Meb.) You say, ◌َأَلِفَتِ الطَّيْرُ الحَرَّم [The
birds kept to the sacred territory], and S,"y
[the houses] : and ◌َالَفَتِ الظَّبَاءُ الرَّمْل The gazelles
kept to the sands. (T.) __ There are three man-
ners of reading the passage in the Kur [cvi. 1
; لِإِيلَافِ ؟ قُرْيْشٍ إِيلَافِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ ,[2 and
the second and third being vy and why; the
first and second of which have been adopted;
(Aboo-Is-húk, T, TA;) and the third also; this
being the reading of the Prophet [himself]: (TA:)
[accord. to all these readings, the passage may be
rendered, For the keeping of Kureysh, for their
keeping to the journey of the winter and of the
summer, or spring ; the chapter going on to say,
for this reason " let them worship the Lord of this
House," &c. : or] the second and third readings
are from Jsi, aor. JŲ; [and accord. to these
readings, the passage may be rendered as above;]
but accord. to the first reading, the meaning is,
for the preparing and fitting out [&c .; i. e.,
preparing and fitting out men and beasts in the
journey of the winter &c.]: so says IAmb; and
Fr explains in the same manner the third reading:
but IAar says that, accord. to this reading, the
meaning is, the protecting [&c.]: he says that
the persons who protected were four brothers,
Hashim and 'Abd-Shems and El-Muttalib and
Nowfal, the sons of' Abd-Menaf: these gave pro-
tection to Kureysh in their procuring of corn :
(T:) Hashim obtained a grant of security from
the king of the Greeks, and Nowfal from Kisra,
and 'Abd-Shems from the Nejashee, and El-
Muttalib from the kings of Himyer; and the
merchants of Kureysh used to go to and from the
great towns of these kings with the grants of
security of these brothers, and none opposed
them : Hashim used to give protection (. [in
the copies of the K 2]) [to those journeying]
to Syria, and 'Abd-Shems to Abyssinia, and El-
Muttalib to El-Yemen, and Nowfal to Persia:
(T, K:") ort in the Kur signifies a covenant,
or an obligation; and what resembles permission,
(öl!, as in some copies of the K and in the TA,)
or protection, (a,b1, as in the CK,) with an
obligation involving responsibility for safety ;
first obtained by Hashim, from the kings of
Syria; (K, TA ;) and the explanation is, that
Kureysh were dwelling in the sacred territory,
(Ķ,) having neither seed-produce nor udders [to
yield them milk], (TA,) secure in the procuring
of their provisions from other parts, and in their
changes of place, in winter and summer, or spring;
the people around them having their property
seized ; whereas, when any cause of mischief
occurred to them, they said, " We are people of
the sacred territory," and then no one opposed
them : (₭ :) so in the O: (TA :) or the J is to
denote wonder; and the meaning is, wonder ye
at the Jyut of Kureysh [&c.]: (₭ :) some say
that the meaning is connected with what follows ;
i. c., let them worship the Lord of this House for
the Jyl [&c., agreeably with the first explana-
tion which we have given] : others, that it is
connected with what precedes; as J says; (TA;)
the meaning being, I have destroyed the masters
of the elephant to mahe Kureysh remain at
Mekkeh, and for their uniting the journey of the
winter and of the summer, or spring ; that when
they finished one, they should commence the
other ; (T, $;) and this is like the saying,
-with suppression of the [con ,ضَرَبَتْهُ لِكَذَا لِكَذَا
junctive] ,: (§ :) but Ibn-'Arafch disapproves
of this, for two reasons: first, because the phrase
" In the name of God" &c. occurs between the
two chapters : [Bd, however, mentions that in
Ubei's copy, the two compose one chapter :]
secondly, because I significs the covenants,
or obligations, which they obtained when they
ment forth on mercantile expeditions, and whereby
they became secure. (TA.) "Jy! [in like manner]
signifies A writing of security, written by the
hing for people, that they may be secure in his
territory : and is used by Musawir Ibn-Hind in
the sense of fel, [as is also JI,] when he says,
in satirizing Benoo-Asad,
زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّ إِخْوَتَكُمْ قُرَيْشْ
لَهُمْ إِلْفْ وَلَيْسَ تَكْ إِلَافُ
.
meaning Ye asserted [that your brothers are
Kureysh; i. e.,] that ye are lihe Kureysh : but
how should ye be like them ? for they have [an
alliance whereby they are protected in] the trade
of El-Yemen and Syria ; and ye have not that
[alliance]. (Ham p. 636.) [Hence, ] di Být,
[a phrase used in the manner of an oath,] accord.
to some, signifies The safeguard, or protection, of
God : or, accord. to others, an honourable station
from God. (TA.) == 2Ni, aor. ; , He gave him

80
a thousand; ($, K ;) of articles of property, and
of camels. (TA.)
2. We Ji, inf. n. LJt, (T, Mab, Ķ,) He
united them, or brought them together, (T, Mab,
TA,) after separation ; (T, TA;) and made them
to love one another ; (Meb;) he caused uniou, or
companionship, (ZÁjí,) to take place between them.
(K.) And ◌ِأَلَّفْتُ بَيْنَ الشَّيِّين , inf. n. as above, [I
united, or put together, the two things.] ($.) And
-He united, or connected, (T,) or ga ألف الشَّيْءَ
thered or collected or brought together, (M,) the
several parts of the thing. (T, M.)_ Hence,
(.The composition of books]. (T, TA] تَألِيفُ الكُتُبِ
- JJU is The putting many things into such a
state that one name becomes applicable to them,
whether there be to some of the parts a relation to
others by precedence and sequence, or not : so that
it is a more general term than 5: (KT:) or
the collecting together, or putting together, suitable
things ; from Mys [i. e. Myl]; and is a more
particular term than Sj, which is the putting
together things, whether suitable or not, or placed
: أَلَّفُوا إِلَى كَذَا = (.118.in order or not. (Kull p
see 5 .- Wi Ji He wrote an alif; (Ķ ;) like
as one says t . (TA.)-See also 4, in
three places.
3. ÁNÍ : se 1, first sentence.Ji, (M, TA,)
inf. n. ¿ qué, (TA,) [app., He made a covenant
with another to be protected during a journey for
the purpose of trade, or traffic : (see 1:) and
hence,] he (a man) traded, or trafficked. (M,
TA.)-inif' Aje He made a condition with
him for a thousand: (IAar, M :) like as one
Days, ◌ًشَارَطْتُهُ مُمَاأَة, meaning, for a hundred. (IAgr,
(.مأى .M, K, in art
4. ¿ wi, inf. n. Je! : see 1, in three places.
مَكَانَ or (؟) ,المَوْضِعَ T,M,) or) , آلفهُ الشَّيْ :=
1ª, (K,) inf. n. as above, (T,) He made him to
keep, or cleave, to the thing, or to the place, or to
[ آلفتُ الشَّيْء - (".such a place. (T, S,M, K
joined, conjoined, or united, the thing. (T.)
AÇAI ENT, (T,· Ş, Ķ,") inf. n. as above, ($,) I
made the people, or company of men, to be a
thousand complete [by adding to them myself] ;
(T, Ş, Ķ, TA;) they being before nine hundred
and ninety-nine. (T, TA.) And SJan Ji He
made the number to be a thousand; as also +21 :
(M :) or J'y Ji he completed the thousand.
[ آلَفْتُ الدَّرَاهِيمَ (,$) ,K.) And in like manner)
made the dirhems to be a thousand ($, Ķ) com-
plete. ($.) And ◌َأَلَّفُو ◌ْ لَهُمُ الأَعْمَار They said to
them, May you live a thousand years. (A in art.
ye.)-If They became a thousand (T, S, M)
complete. (S) And ◌ُآلَفَتِ الدَّرَاهِم The dirhems
became a thousand ($, K) complete. (S.)
written] انْتَلْفُوا أ Meb, K,) and) , تألف القَوْمُ .5
with the disjunctive alif 1,f21], (T, K,) The
people, or party, became united, or came together,
(Msb, K,) [after separation, (see 2, of which
each is said in. the TA to be quasi-pass.,)] and
loved one another : (Mab:) or the meaning of
الف
* Jisti [and Jut also] is the being in a state of
union, alliance, agreement, congruity, or congre-
gation : (Msb :) and the being familiar, sociable,
companionable, friendly, or amicable, ove with
another. (TA.) And WG is said of two things ;
[meaning They became united, or put together;
ائتلف الشَّيْ: And (.؟). ائتلفا scc 2;)] as also)
signifies The several parts of the thing kept, or
clure, together. (M.) And JG It became put
together in order. (M.) _1,5G They sought,
desired, or asked, [a covenant to ensure them]
protection, (IAar, T, M,) إلَى كَذَا [meaning in
a journey for the purpose of trade, or traffic, to such
a place, as is shown in the T by an explanation
,كَانَ هَاشِمْ يُؤْلِفُ إِلَى الشَّامِ ,of the words of IAar
in a passage in which the foregoing signification
. أَلَّفُوا الى كذا M ;) as also) ; [تألّفوا is assigned to
(M.)-JAG He treated him with gentleness or
blandishment, coaxed him, or wheedled him ; (Ķ ;)
behaved in a sociable, friendly, or familiar, mau-
ner with him; (TA;) attracted him, or alluredl
him; and gave him a gift, or gifts; (T, Ķ ;* )
in order to incline him to him: (Ķ:) or he affected
sociableness, friendliness, or familiarity, with him.
(Mgh) You say, ◌ِتَأَلَّفْتُهُ عَلَى الإِسْلام [I uttracted
him, or allured him; and gave him a gift, or
gifts, in order to incline him; to embrace El-
Islám]. (S.)
8: see 5, in four places.
JJI, meaning A certain number, (S, M, Ķ,)
well known, (M,) i. e. a certain round number,
(Msb,) [namely a thousand,] is of the masc.
ثَلَاثَةُ آلاف gender : (T, S, Msb, K:) you say
[Three thousand], not ثَلاثُ آلاف ; (IA;) and
; وَاحِدَة This is one thousand], not] هذَا الْفَ وَاحِدٌ
(,A complete thousand], (T, S] , الف أقرعُ and (;؟)
not :Les: ($:) it is not allowable to make it
fem. : so say IAmb and others: (Msb:) or it is
allowable to make it fem. as being a pl. : (T :) or,
accord. to ISk, it is allowable to say, Hijo as
meaning هذِهِ الدَّرَاهِمُ ألف [There dirhems are a
thousand]; ($, K;") and Fr and Zj say the like :
(Msb :) the pl. is Hii, applied to three, (M,) and
Sýi, (T, Ş, M, Msb, Ķ,) applied to a number
from three to ten, inclusively, (TA,) and Ji,ji,
(T, S, M, M&h, Ķ,) used to denote more than ten ;
(T;) and J'y [in the TA J'y!] is used by
poetic licence for J'y, by suppression of the
[radical] J. (M.)
Jij [originally an inf. n. of dusi, q. v.,] Hc
with whom one is familiar, sociable, companion-
able, friendly, or amicable; he to whom one keeps
or cleaves; [a constant companion or associate;
a mate; a fellow ; a yoke-fellow; one who is
familiar, &c., with another or others ; (see
T, S, M, K;) which); أَلِيفٌ ٧.M ;) i.g) [(; مُؤْلَّفٌ
is an act. part. n. of "1; (Msb;) as is also Ji;
(Mgb, K;) and Vil also is syn. with isi: (K:)
the female is termed aff! and JEil; (M;) both of
these signifying a woman with whom thou art
familiar, &c., and who is familiar, &c., with
thee : (K :) and the fem. of W Bi is Lf: (K :)
[BOOK I.
the pl. of JEit is Jyi; (T, M;) which is also pl.
,؟) أَلَائِفُ is أَلِيفٌ ٢ TA :) and that of): ألف ٧ of
Ķ, TA) and fi: (M, TA :) and that of Ji
is ◌ْالَّال (T,S, Meb, K) and ◌ٌآلاف , like as ◌ٌأَنْصَار is
pl. of you, (TA,) and so, (M, TA,) in my opinion,
[says ISd,] (M,) is J,ff, like as ','2 is pl. of
Jels, (M, TA,) though some say that it is pl. of
JSI: (M:) and the pl. of visi is Just and
أَلِيفِى * and فُلَانُ إِنْفِى ,K.) You say). آٌلِفَاتْ
[Such a one is my constant companion or asso-
حَتَّتِ الإِلْفُ إِلَى الإِلْفِ ciute, &r.] (T.) And
[The female mate yearned towards the mate].
The camel ycarned] نَزَعَ البَعِيرُ إِلَى آلاَفِهِ And (.؟)
towards his mates]. (T.) Ji, (T,) or JAji,
(TA,) is said by IAar to mean Persons who heep
to the large towns, or cities. (T, TA.) 3,3 in
the Kur ii. 244 is snid by some to be pl. of !
or of Ji: but by others, to signify " thou-
sands." (Bd, L, TA.) ◌ِأَوَالِفُ ٢ الطّير significs The
birds that keep to Mehkeh and the sacred terri-
tory : and ◌ِأَوَالِفُ الحَمَام , Domestic pigeons. (T.)
Sl: see Jil, in two places. _ As some say,
(O,) it also signifies A man having uo wife. (O,
K.) = One of the letters of the alphabet ; (M ;)
the first thereof; (K ;) as also Ji: (M :) Ks
says that, accord. to the usage of the Arabs, it is
fein., and so are all the other letters of the
alphabet; [and hence its pl. is Sti;] but it is
allowable to make it masc. : Sb says that every one
of them is masc. and fem., like as is Su. (M.)
Sce art. 1. - [ A certain vein lying in the in-
terior of the upper arm, [extending] to the fore
arm: (Ķ, TA :) so called as being likened to an 1:
(TA:) the two are called our'yı. (K.)_t One
of any kind of things: (K, TA:) as being likened
to the 1 ; for it denotes the number one. (TA:)
affi A state of heeping or cleaving [to a person
or thing] : (M :) a state of union, alliance, agree-
ment, congruity, or congregation ; (Msb ;) a
subst. from Výabys: (Msb, K, TA :) and, as
such, (TA,) signifying also familiarity, sociable-
ness, socialness, companionableness, friendliness,
fellowship, companionship, friendship, and amity.
(Msh, TA.")
Bli of, or relating to, or belonging to, the
number termed Ali [a thousand]. ('TA.)
[ifui as A stature resembling the letter alif.
Often occurring in late works.]
J'is an inf. n. of auf: and used as a subst. :
sce 1. _ Jj! 3; Lightning of which the flashes
are consecutive or continuous. (TA.)
Jff Having much wijf [menning familiarity,
sociableness, &c.] : pl. i. (K.)
Ji : see Jij, in three places : = and see JAf.
Ji and auf; and Ligt, the pl. of the latter :
see Jij, in seven places.
J'y an inf. n .: and used as a subst. : sce 1,

81
BOOK I.]
Sit [An accustomed plare ; ] a place to which
a man keeps or cleaves ; [which he frequents, or
to which he habitually resorts ; ] with which he is
familiar, or to which he is accustomed ; (Mab;)
a place with which men or camels [or birds and
the like] arr familiar, &c. (K,* TA.)_And
hence, Leafy trees to which animals of the chase
draw near. (AZ, K.)
[, مُؤَلَّفُونَ ٢ ٣° مُؤْلَفُونَ .with fct -!! , [i. e ,مؤلفون
Possessors of thousands ; or men whose camels
have become, to each, a thousand. (TA.)
Jig and v Jf. Kept to, or clove to; applied
to a thing [and to a person ; and meaning when
applied to the latter, with whom one is familiar,
المُؤْمِنْ ,.sociuble, &c.]. (T.) It is said in a trad
" Jit. Jif [The believer is one who is familiar,
or sociable, &c., with others, and with whom
المُؤْلِّفَةُ قُلُوبُهُمْ - (.others are familiar, &c.]. (TA
Those whose hearts are made to incline, or are
conciliated, by beneficence and love or affection :
(S,* Mah :) as used in the Kur [ix. 60], it is
applied to certain chief persons of the Arabs,
whom the Prophet was commanded to attract, or
allure, and to present with gifts, (T, K,) from the
poor-rates, (TA,) in order that they might make
those after them desirous of becoming Muslims,
(T, K,) and lest care for things which they deemed
sar'red, or inviolahle, together with the weakness
of their intentions, should indure them to combine
in hostility with the unbelievers against the Mus-
lims; for which purpose, ke gave them, on the
day of Honeyn, eighty [in the TA two hundred]
camels : (T:) they were certain men of eminence,
of the Arabs, to whom the Prophet used to give
gifts from the poor-rates; to some of them, to
prevent their acting injuriously; and to some,
from a desire af their becoming Muslims, (Mgh,
Mah,) and their followers also; (Mab;) and to
some, in order that they might remain stedfast as
Muslims, because of their having recently become
such; but when Aboo-Bekr became appointed to
the government, he forbade this practice. (Mgh,
Mab.) === in" WI [These are a thousand] made
.مؤلفون complete. (S.) - See also
[J5% A composer of a book or books; an
author.]
.in two places ,مُؤَلَّفْ Bce: مَأْتُوفٌ
الى
1. 51, (JK, Ķ, TA,) aor. ;; (Ķ, TA ;) or
Śl, aor. "; (CK; [in which it would seem,
from what follows in this paragraph and the next,
that the pret. is wrong, but that the aor. is
right ; ]) inf. n. Ji and Být; (JK, Ķ;) It
(lightning) lied ; (AHeyth, Ķ ;) [i. e.] it was
without rain. (JK.) __ See also 5. __ Also,
Si, aor. ", inf. n. Fi, He lied ; spoke falsely :
whence the reading of Aboo-Jaafar and Zeyd
Ibn-Aslam, [in the Kur xxiv. 14.] 25,40 3!
Ji [ When ye spoke it falsely with your
tongues]. (TA.)
الك - الف
(TA.) Ibn-Ahmar has made the second trans.,
using the phrase ◌َتَأْتَلِقُ ٧ العُيُون , either by suppres-
sing a prep., [meaning She shines to the eyes,] or
meaning thereby she ravishes the eyes. (TA.) __
And EffG, said of a woman, She adorned
herself : (Sgh, K :) or she became active and
quich to engage in contention or altercation, and
prepared herself for evil or mischief, and raised
her head: (IF, K:) or she became lihe the aff!
[fem. of 3!, q. v.]. (IAar.)
8: sce 5, in two places.
E! A he-wolf : fem. with 8: (IAnr, S, Ķ :)
and the fem. is also applied to a she-ape or
monkey; the male of which is not called 51,
but 33, ($, K,) and4. (S.) __ + Evil in
disposition, applied to a man; and so with
applied to a woman : and the latter, a [demon
of the kind called] of; because of its evil,
or malignant, nature: (TA :) and a bold woman;
(Lth, Ķ;) for the same reason. (TA.)
3ý! [an inf. n. (see 1) used as an epithet;]
Lying, or fallacious, lightning; (K ;) that has
no rain; (JK, Ķ;) as also Syl: (K,"TA :)
+ Ji, likewise, is an epithet applied to lightning
[in the same sense; or as signifying shining,
gleaming, or glistening : see 1 and 5] : and so is
Ji, as ayn. with _ [that excites hope of
rain, but deceives the expectation]. (TA.) ___
Also, applied to a man, Lying : (JK :) or lying
much, or often, or habitually : (TA :) and very
deceitful, and variable in disposition. ('TA.)
Jul [app. an inf. n. of 51; (sce 5;)] The
shining, gleaming, or glistening, of lightning.
(TA.)
- إِلَاقٌ Bcc: أُلََّّ
31, like ¿el, [in a copy of the JK incorrectly
written Fi,] i. q. FE. [ Shining, gleaming, or
glistening]; ($, Ķ;) applied to lightning. (JK.)
-Also t An inconstant man ; from Hell as
relating to lightning. (JK: there, in this instance,
written 3.)
: أَلَّقْ
. إلَّاقٌ Bee
الك
.ISd, K,) [aor. 2 or =,] inf. n) , أَلَكَ اللَّجَامَ .1
Si, (ISd, TA,) He (a horse) chered, or champed,
the bit; syn. ale. (ISd, K.) One says, of a
horse, " Jui Jul He chews, or champs, the bits :
. يَعْلُكُ or, يَلُوكُ but the verb commonly known is
(Lth.) _ [Hence, accord. to some, (see ,ji,)]
الك .Meb, TA,) aor. - , inf. n) , أَلَكَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ
and JJi, (Msb,) He acted as a messenger (%)
between the people. (Msb, TA.) _ And aksi,
aor. „ , inf. n. JUi, He conveyed, or communicated,
to him a message. (Kr.) __ And JU He sent.
(IB in art. 3.)
5. Ju It (lightning) shone, gleamed, or glis-
"; signifying "he sent أَلك is from أَيْنِى .4
tened; as also ESI [ written with the disjunctive
alif ◌َإِيتَلَق] ; (JK,S, IJ, K;) and so الَقَ ٧ , aor. =. and is originally أَ لِكْنِى ; the [second] hemzeh
Bk. I.
being transposed and placed after the J, it
becomes
then the hemzeh has its vowel ; أُلْتِكْنِى
transferred to the J, and is thrown out; as is
done in the case of ils, which is originally Jul.,
then مَلُال, and then مَلَك :(IB in art. لوك :) it
means Be thou my messenger ; and bear thou
my message ; and is often used by the poets.
($ in art. 3),J.) Accord. to IAmb, one says,
meaning send thou me to such ,الكْنِى إِلَى فُلَانٍ
a one: [but I do not know any instance in
which this meaning is applicable :] and the
original form is التكنِى ; or, if from ◌ُالأُلُوك, the
original form is Čili: and he also says that
it means be thou my messenger to such a one.
(TA.) One says also, ◌ٍأَلِكْنِى إِلَيْهَا بِرِسَالَة, which
should properly mean Send thou me to her with
a message : but it is an inverted phrase; since
the meaning is, be thou my messenger to her
with this message [or rather with a message] :
and ◌ِأَلِكُنِى إِلَيْهَا بِالسَّلَّام i. e. convey thou, or com-
municate thou, to her my salutation ; or be thon
my messenger to her [with salutation] : and some-
times this [prep.] > is suppressed, so that one
says, ◌َأَلِكْنِى إِلَيْهَا السّلَام :sometimes, also, the
person sent is he to whom the message is sent ;
as in the saying, ◌َالكْنِى إِلَيْكَ الَّلَّام [virually
meaning receive thou my salutation ; but literally]
be thou my messenger to thyself with salutation.
(TA.) La mentions the phrase ! ", with
respect to a message, aor. aksi, inf. n. isý !;
in which case, the hemzch [in the aor. and inf. n.]
is converted into a letter of prolongation. (TA
in art. J'y.)
. أَلُوك Nce:5
10. 2kft. suis He bore, or conveyed, his
message; (K;) as also USE_l. (TA.)
J,jf A thing that is eaten [or rather chewed,
as will be scen below]: so in the phrases,
عَلُوكُ صِدْقٍ and عَلُوجُ صِدْقٍ like هُذَا أُلُولُ صِدْقٍ
(This is an excellent thing that is cherred], and
.K in art) مَا تَأَلَّكْتُ بِأَلُوكِ or] مَا تَلَوَّكْتُ بِأَلُوكٍ
app. meaning] مَا تَعَلَّجْتُ بِعَلُوج like [(علج
I have not occupied myself in chewing with any-
thing that is cherved]. (TA.) __ [And hence,
accord. to some,] A message, or communication
sent from one person or party to another ; (Lth,
S, M, K, &c. ; [in the CK, after aljl, by
which J,j'y is explained in the K &c., we find
in which the first two ,قِبَلَ المَلِكِ مُشْتَقَّ منهُ
words should be قيلَ المَلك, as in other copies of
the K and in the TA ; and Jj'y is erroneously
put, in the CK, for Jpyl ; ]) said by Lth and
ISd to be so called because it is [as it were]
chewed in the mouth; (TA;) as also vis,ff
(1Sd, Sgh, Ķ) and vičit. (Lth, Ş, Mẹb, Ķ, &c.)
and vakit. (Mab, Ķ) and + Jul. : (S, M, Mẹb,
Ķ, &c. : ) accord. to Kr, (TA,) this last is the
only word of the measure Jake : (K, TA :) but
accord. to Sb and Akh, there is no word of this
measure : (TA :) [i. e. there is none originally
11

82
[BOOK I.
of this measure :] other instances have been men-
tioned ; namely, ◌ْمَكْرُم and ◌ْمَعُون [originally
which last ,مَيسر and مَهْلُك and مَقْبُر and [مَعُونْ
occurs in the Kur [ii. 280], accord. to one read-
ing, in the words فَنَظَرَةٌ إِلَى مَيْسُرِه ;but it is said
that each of theso, and Jul. also, may be regarded
as originally with #; or, accord. to AHei, each
is [virtually, though not in the language of
the grammarians,] a pl. of the same with 8;
(MF, TA;) and Akh says the same with respect
to ◌ْمَكْرُم and ◌ْمَعُون :(TA :) Seer says that each
is curtailed of # by poetic licence ; but this asser-
tion will not apply to jee, as it occurs in the
Ķur. (MF, TA.) __ J,I also significs A mes-
senger. (Ibn-'Abbad, K. [In the CK here fol-
lows, ◌ُوالمألُوكُ والمَالُوق : but the right reading is
as in other copies and in the ,وَالمَأَلُوكُ المَأْلُوقُّ
TA.])
. أُنُولْ Bec: أُلُوكَةْ
Just: is said to be the original form of Ju.
[An angel; so called because he conveys, or
communicates, the message from God ; (K, TA,
in art. Jy ;)] derived from JuJi; (Msb, Ķ, TA;
[but in the CK is a mistake here, pointed out
above, voce JJI;]) so that the measure of Ju ..
is Jas: (Meb :) Jul. is both sing. and pl. : Ks
says that it is originally Jul., from J,il signifying
"a message;" then, by transposition, BC, a
form also in use; and then, in consequence of
frequency of usage, the hcmzeli is suppressed,
BO that it becomes Jus; but in forming the pl.,
they restore it to JiLi, saying dessus, and Joy
also : (Ș in art. su. : ) or, accord. to some, it is
from J'y " he sent ;" so that the measure of Ju ..
is JA .: and there are other opinions respecting
it : (Msb :) some say that its , is a radical : see
art. SU .. (TA in art. Jy.)
. أَلُولٌ see: مَأْتَعَةٌ
1. Di, aor. = , inf. n. "ji, It, (as, for instance,
the belly, T, S, or the head, Msb,) or he, (a
ınan, T, Ş, Msb,) was in pain ; had, or suffered,
pain; ached. (T, S, M, Msb, K.) " A [He
mas in pain, or had pain, in his belly] (M) and
July Ewf [thou wast in pain, or hadst pain,
in thy belly] (T, $) or "Ll, [in thy head] (Msb)
are like ◌ُسَفِهَ رَأيَّه (M) and ◌َ؟) رَشِدْتَ أَمْرَك,T) and
.Meb;) the noun being in the accus) ; وَجِعْتَ رَأْسَكَ
case accord. to Ks as an explicative, though
explicatives are. [by rule] indeterminate, as in
T ;) the regular); ضِعْتُ بِهِ ذَرْعًا and قَرِرْتُ بِهِ عَيْنَا
(,؟,T) ، أَلِمَ بَطْنُلَكَ [and أَلِمْ بَحْنُهُ] form being
as the verb is intrans. (T.)
4. 2f, (Ş, M, Mab, Ķ,) inf. n. , ($,
Mab,) I caused him pain or aching. (S, M,
Mab, Ķ.)
اله - الك
5. JU He was, or became, pained : (M," Mẹb,
Ķ : ) or he expressed pain, grief, or sorrow ;
lamented ; complained ; made lamentation or
complaint ; moaned ; syn .¿ 5, (T, $,) and
Such] تَأَلَّمَ فُلَانْ مِنْ فُلَانٍ ,T.) You say). شَكَى
a one expressed pain, &c., on account of the
conduct or the like of such a one; complained
of such aone] :(T:) and ◌ِالأَوْمَةِ الزَّمَان [on account
of the hardness of the time]. (TA in art. Ajl.)
A: see %.
" Pain; ache; (T,S, M,K;) as also Vinil:
(T, M, Ķ:) pl. (of the former, T, M) Ayi. (T,
M, K.) You say, مَا أَجِدُ أَيْلَمَةً وَلَا أَلَمَّا I do
not find pain nor ache ; i. e. Løg : so says AZ :
and IAar says, ◌ًأَيْلَمَةً وَلَا أَلْمَة as meaning the
لَأَبِيتَنَّكَ عَلَى ,same. (T.) And the Arabs say
va"ll, meaning I will assuredly bring upou
thee [lit. make thee to pass the night in] distress,
or difficulty. (Sh.)
Di Being in pain; having, or suffering, pain ;
aching. (M, Ķ.)
last , إِلَى see : إلَى مَا a contraction of إِلَّامْر
sentence.
Wi Causing pain or aching; painful; (S, K;)
i. q. Vi4; (T, M, M&b ;) like čssd as syn. with
č :: (§:) so when applicd to punishment [or
torment or torture] : (T, Msb:) or, thus applied,
painful, or causing pain or aching, in the utmost
degree. (M, Ķ.)
Le, Lowness, ignobleness, baseness, vileness, or
meanness. (O, Ķ.)
if: see ", in three places. _ Accord. to
IAar, (T,) A sound, or voice. (T, Ķ.) You say,
Li JES Ú I heard not any sound, or
voice, of, or belonging to, him, or it. (IAar, T.)
- Accord. to AA, (T,) Motion. (T, K.)
أَكِيمْ see: مُؤْلِمْ
المس
.موس see art: الْمَاسُ or , أَلْمَاسْ
اله
1. Jl, ($, and so in some copies of the Ķ,) with
fet-h, (S.) or Ji, (Mgh, Msb, and so in some
copies of the K,) like JS, aor. = , (Msb,) inf. n.
İký! (Ş, Myb, K) and ingif and East, (K,) He
served, worshipped, or adored; syn. M.s. (§,
Mab, Ķ.) Hence the reading of I 'Ab, [in the
Kur vii. 124,] ◌َوَيَذَرَكَ وَالأَهْتَك [And leave thee,
and the service, or worship, or adoration, of thee;
instead of Její, and thy gods, which is the com-
mon reading]; for he used to say that Pharaoh
was worshipped, and did not worship: (§:) so,
too, says Th: and IB says that the opinion of
I'Ab is strengthened by the sayings of Pharaoh
[mentioned in the Kur lxxix. 24 and xxviii. 38],
"I am your lord the most high," and " I did not
know any god of yours beside me." (TA.)
'Ji, aor. ", ($, Ķ,) inf. n. "i, ($,) He was, or
became, confounded, or perplexed, and unable to
see his right course; (S, Ķ;) originally &3. ($.)
Ie mas, or became, vehemently ألّهَ عَلَى فُلانٍ -
impatient, or affected with vehement grief, or he
manifested vehement grief and agitation, on ac-
count of such a one; (S, Ķ ;) like a,. (S.) __
! ai He betooh himself to him by reason of
fright or fear, seching protection; or sought, or
ashed, aid, or succour, of him : he had recourse,
or betook himself, to him for refuge, protection,
or preservation. (K.) آله بالمكان ــ He remained,
stayed, abode, or dwelt, in the place. (MF.) =..
"Ji, (K,) like ", (TA,) [in the CK 2gi, ] Ile
protected him; granted him refuge; preserved,
saved, rescued, or liberated, him; aided, or suc-
coured, him; or delivered him from evil: he
rendered him secure, or safe. (K.)
2. WJt [inf. n. of "Ji He made him, or took
him as, a slave; he enslaved him; ] i. q. Jeis.
($, K.)-[The primary signification of 4,Ji seems
to be, He made him to serve, worship, or adore.
-Accord. to Freytag, besides having the former
of the two meanings cxplained above, it signifies
He reckoned him among gods ; held him to be a
god; made him a god: but he does not mention
his authority.]
5. JU He devoted himself to religious services
or exercises; upplied himself to acts uf devotion.
(JK, Ş, Msb, Ķ.)
"il, or ey], [the former of which is the more
common mode of writing the word,] is of the
measure Jus (S, Msb, K) in the sense of the
measure JISLi, ($, Msb,) like Sie in the sense
ومَبْسُوطُ in the sense of بساط and ,مَكْتُوبُ of
(Meb,) meaning Vol: [ An object of worship or
adoration; i. c. a god, a deity]; ($, Msb, Ķ ;)
anything that is taken as an object of worship or
adoration, accord. to him who takes it as such :
(K:) with the article Ji, properly, i. q. auf ; [sec
this word below ;] but applied by the believers in
a plurality of gods to what is worshipped by them
to the exclusion of dni: (Mab :) pl. ipi: (Meb,
TA :) which signifies idols : (JK, Ş, TA:) in
the K, this meaning is erroneously assigned to
Ký: (TA :) [not so in the CK; but there,
pyl is put in a place where we should read
Kýy, or aký! without the article :] Vášýy! [is
the fem. of ofyl, and] signifies [the goddess : and
particularly] the serpent : [(a meaning erroneously
assigned in the CK to apyl; as also other mcan-
ings here following:) because it was a special
object of the worship of some of the ancient
Arabs:] (Ķ :) or the great serpent : (Th :) and
the [new moon; or the moon when it is termed]
Jis: (Th, K:) and, (Ş,K,) as also Vaný!,
without JI, the former perfectly decl., and the
latter imperfectly decl., ($,) and vanýyı, (IApr,
Ķ,) and vákýí, (IAgr, TA,) and v űký'yı, (K,)

83
Book I.]
[and app. Vasyl, ] and va-yi, (K,) the sun; (S,
Ķ;) app. so called because of the honour and wor-
ship which they paid to it : (S:) or the hot sun. (Th,
TA.) ['it is the same as the Hebrew אלוה and
the Chaldee i?N; and is of uncertain deriva-
tion: accord. to some,] it is originally of2, like
as lí! is originally ?; meaning that man-
kind yearn towards him who is thus called,
[seeking protection or aid,] in their wants, and
hunible themselves to him in their afflictions, like
as every infant yearns towards its mother. (TA.)
[Sce also the opinions, cited below, on the deriva-
tion of 201.]
do yl and asyl: Bc 21.
doyl and anyi : see all .= asyl : see asý !.
aký! inf. n. of 1, q. v. (S, M$h, K.) = God-
skip; divinity; (K;) as also Vikýf (CK [not
found by me in any MS. copy of the K) and
. إِلَهُ Bec : الإِلَّاهَةُ and إِلَاهَةُ ـ (K). أُلْهَانِيَّةٌ »
. إنّ BOU: الأَلِمَةُ
Of, or relating to, God or a ,إلاَّهِىَّ or, إلِىُّ]
god; divine : theological : Hence, J'y Ciass
or الإلامِي : see what next follows.]
Theology ; the science of ,الإِلَاهِيَّةُ or , الإِلْبِيَّةُ]
the being and attributes of Giod, ond of the
articles of religious belief; ulso termed chilide
[- الإِلَّامِىُّ or العِلْمُ الإِنْبِىُّ " und ,الإلاهِيَّاتِ Or
Si, [written with the disjunctive alif Si,
meaning God, i. e. the only true god,] accordl. to
the most corrcet of the opinions respecting it,
which are twenty in number, (K,) or more than
thirty, (MF,) is a proper name, (Msb, K,) applied
to the Bring who exists necessarily, by Himself,
comprising all the attributes of perfection ; (TA;)
a proper name denoting the true god, comprising
all the excellent divine names; a unity comprising
all the essences of existing things ; (Ibn-El-
'Arabee, 'TA ;) the Ji being inseparable from it:
(Msb :) not derived: (Lth, Mẹb, Ķ:) or it is
originally 2, or of!, (Sb, AHcyth, S, Mgb, K,)
of the incasure Ju's in the sense of the measure
[K,*) with [the article,؟) ومَأَلُوهُ meaning ,مَفْعُولٌ
JI prefixed to it, (Sb, AHcyth, S, Mab,) so that
it becomes byl, (Sh, AHeyth, Msb,) then the
vowel of the hemzch is transferred to the J [before
it], (Mab,) and the hemzeh is suppressed, (Sb,
AHeyth, Ş, Mab,) so that there remains aul, or
"Sur, after which the former J is made quiescent,
and incorporated into the other: (Sb, AHeytlı,
Mah:) the suppression of the hiemzeh is for the
purpose of rendering the word easy of utterance,
on account of the frequency of its occurrence :
and the Ji is not a substitute for the hemzeh ; for
were it so, it would not occur therewith in ·fyl :
(§:) so says J; but IB says that this is not a
necessary inference, because ofyl applies to God
(at) and also to the idol that is worshipped;
whereas 201 applies only to God; and therefore,
الو- اله
in using the vocative form of address, one may
say, wi 4 [O God], with the article JI and with
the disjunetive hemzeh ; but one may not say,
.yy y either with the disjunctive or with the
conjunctive hemzeh : (TA:) Sb allows that it
may be originally .y: see art. : ($:) some
say that it is from Ji, either because minds are
confounded, or perplexed, by the greatness, or
majesty, of God, or because IIe is the object of
recourse for protection, or aid, in every case : or
from 4Ji, menning "he protected him," &c., 88
explained above : see 1, last sentence. (TA.) The
Ji is pronounced with the disjunctive hemzch in
using the vocative form of address [ 4] because
it is inseparably prefixed as an honourable dis-
tinction of this name; (§;) or because a pause
upon the vocative particle is intended in honour
of the name; (S in art. ; ) and AAF says that
it is also thus pronounced in a form of swearing ;
as in Surla dul [an elliptical phrase, as will be
shown below, meaning Then, by God, wilt thou
indecal do such a thing?]; though he denies its
being thus pronounced because it is inseparable;
regarding it as a substitute for the suppresscd
hemzeh of yll: ($ in the present art .: ) Sb
mentions this pronunciation in 2i U; and Th
mentions the pronunciation of abi Y also, with the
conjunctive hemzeh : Ks, morcover, mentions, as
٥] يَلَهْ أَغْفِرْ لِى used by the Arabs, the phrase
God, forgive me], for 201 4; but this is disap-
proved. (1Sd, TA.) The word is pronounced in
the manner termed if, [i. e., with the broad
sound of the lengthened fet-h, and with a full
sound of the letter J,] for the purpose of showing
honour to it; but when it is preceded by a kesrch,
Ens in Bi By God, and di ' In the name of
God,] it is pronounced in the [contr.] manner
termed 35 : AHat says that some of the vulgar
say, il, y [No, by God], suppressing the alif,
which should necessarily be uttered, as iu JI,
which is in like manner written without alif; and
he adds that some person has composed a verse
in which the alif [in this word] is suppressed,
وَلِلْهَ اللهَ فِى كَذَا ,erroncously. (Mab).) You say
[a verh being understood,] meaning Fear ye
God, fear ye God, with respect to such a thing.
(Marginal note in a copy of the Jami' eg-Snghecr.
اللّهُ لَأَفْعَلَنَّ And ([. كرّة See another ex. voce]
and Busy di [By God, I will assuredly do
such a thing] : in the former is understood a verb
significant of swearing; and in the latter, [or in
both, for a noun is often put in the accus. case
because of a particle understood,] a particle [such
as , or >] denoting an oath. (Bd in ii. 1.) And
Els & d, meaning las ú di, [By God, I
did not, or have not done, such a thing]. (JK.)
And Sj & ; To God be attributed thy deed! (A
in art. ">:) or the good that hath proceeded from
thee ! or thy good deed! or thy gift! and what is
received from thee ! [and thy flow of eloquence!
and the like]: a phrase expressive of admiration
of anything : (TA in art. )> :) [when said to an
eloquent speaker or poet, it may be rendered
divinely art thou gifted !]. And o,s & tTo God be
attributed his deed! [&c.]. ($ and Ķ in art. }>.)
And Joun & [meaning To God be attributed
(the eloquence of) the sayer ! or] how good, or
beautiful, is the saying of the sayer, or of him
who says [such and such words] ! or it is like the
phrase ejs au, meaning t To God be attributed
his goodness! and his pure action ! (Har p. 11.)
And Sju & [To God be attributed (the excel-
lence, or goodness, or deed, &c., of) such a one!]
explained by Az as meaning wonder ye at such a
one : how perfect is he! (Haribid.) [And Just & :
see art. ابو.] And ◌َلَّاه أَنْت, meaning ◌َلله أَنْت [lit.
To God be thou attributed ! i. e. to God be attri-
buted thine excellence! or thy goodness! or thy
deed! &c. ]. (JK.) [Similar to au, thus used, is
the Hebrew expression לֵאלֹהִים after an epithet
signifying "great" or the like. ] 4; u; & c
Opel), in the Kur [ii. 151], said on the occasion
of an affliction, means Verily to God we belong,
as property and servants, He doing with us what
He willeth, and verily unto Him we return in
the ultimate state of existence, and He will
recompense us. (Jel.) AZ mentions the phrase
:[Praise be to God الحمدُ لله meaning] الحَمْدُ لَاه
but this is not allowable in the Kur-án : it is only
related as heard from the Arabs of the desert, and
those not knowing the usage of the Kur-án. (Az,
TA.);di is an expression used in prayer ;
as also ý; (JK, Msb ;) meaning ti & [O
God]; the > being a substitute for [the suppressed
vocative particle] \; ($ in art. ~ J, and Bd in
iii. 25;) but one says also, „Jí Ú, (JK, and $
ibid,) by poctie licence : ($ ibid :) or the meaning,
accord. to some, is ◌ِيَا اللهُ أُمَّنَا بِخَيْر [O God, bring
us good]; (JK, and Bd ubi suprà;) and hence
the origin of the expression. (Bd.) You say also
VI Vi [which may be rendered, inversely, Un-
less, indeed; or unless, possibly] : the former word
being thus used to denote that the exception is
something very rare. (Mtr in the commencement
of his Expos. of the Makamat of El-Harcerce,
and Har pp. 52 and 53.) And " #ti [ which
may be rendered, inversely, Yes, indeed; or yea,
verily]: the former word being used in this case
as corroborative of the answer to an interrogation,
negative and affirmative. (Har p. 563.)
Jí : see what next precedes.
ist .: see 21.
الو
1. ýi, (S, M, Mgh, Ķ,) aor. JŲ, (Ş, Mglı,)
inf. n. Ji (T, M, Mgh, K) and Ji (K, TA [in
a copy of the M Ji]) and Ji; (K, TA ; [in
a copy of the M Ji, and in a copy of the Mgh
written with fet-h and damm to the i;]) and
(;؟); تَأَلِيَةٌ .inf. n ,يُؤَّلّى .M,K,) Bor,؟), أَتَّى )
and SI [written with the disjunctive alif
as appears from ,تَأَلَى ٧ M,K;) [and,؟) ; [إِيتَلَى
an ex. in a verse cited in art. 2, q. v .; ] He
fell short ; or he fell short of doing what was
requisite, or what he ought to have done; or he
11 .