النص المفهرس
صفحات 481-500
481 The Life of Muhammad % or incorrect in the least. We can openly proclaim that no envious person will be able to disprove any of his predictions right till the day of resurrection. This attribute of Muhammad # was so clear and manifest, that even his enemies and opponents could have no alternative but to address him as the truthful and trustworthy. Whether anyone believes it or not, I have more conviction in the truthfulness of Muhammad % than the rising of the sun and the appearance of day. I take an oath in the name of Allah de, the One, and make all His angels witnesses and say from the bottom of my heart, with full conviction and devotion, and attest that Muhammad # is certainly, without any doubt whatsoever, the truthful servant of Allah , and the most truthful of all His servants - past and future. O Allah! Keep us steadfast on this belief. 7. After reading the book of Acts, chapter 3, verses 17-25, it becomes clear that that awaited Prophet was other than 'Îsa , Iliya' s and in fact apart from all other Prophets. The text of these verses are as follows: "Yet now, brethren, I know that you did it in ignorance, as did also your rulers. But those things which God foretold by the mouth of all His prophets, that the Christ will suffer, He has thus fulfilled. Repent therefore and be converted, that your sins may be blotted out, so that times of refreshing may come from the presence of the Lord, and that He may send Jesus Christ, who was preached to your before, whom heaven must receive until the times of restoration of all things, which God has spoken by the mouth of all His holy prophets since the world began. For Moses truly said to the fathers, 'The Lord your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from your brethren. Him you shall hear in all things, whatever He says to you. And it shall be that every soul who will not hear that Prophet shall be utterly destroyed from among the people. Yes, and all the prophets, from Samual and 482 The Life of Muhammad % those who follow, as many as have spoken, have also foretold these days. You are sons of the prophets, and of the covenant which God made with our fathers, saying to Abraham: 'And in your seed all the families of the earth shall be blessed."" The above text first of all gives the glad-tiding of 'Îsa ) and the pain that he will suffer, according to them, at the hands of the Jews. His descent from the heavens is also mentioned. Therafter, the glad-tiding of that Prophet is given regarding whom Musa ( had informed the Bani Isra'il: "Allah is to send a Prophet from your brothers, i.e. the Banī Isma'il." In addition to Musa , all the other Prophets gave the glad-tiding of this promised Prophet. As long as this promise is not fulfilled, these heavens and this earth will remain in existence. During that time, Allah will fulfil that promise which He made to Ibrahim Stall, viz. all the nations of the world will gain blessings from you. In short, after giving the glad-tiding of 'Isa ] and then mentioning that Musa stal, Ibrahim Sky and all the other Prophets gave the glad-tiding, and stating his approach by these words: "it is certain that the heavens remain in existence till that time when what Allah said via all His Prophets is realized." This is a clear proof that this Prophet whose glad-tiding is given and this Messenger who is awaited is someone other than all the other Prophets and Messengers who came from Mūsa sell till 'Isa . Therefore, no Prophet can be the realization of this glad-tiding from the time of Musa Ka and 'Isa . How, then, can it be correct to consider Yusha' sal or 'Îsa stal to be the realization of this glad-tiding ?! 8. The following is mentioned in the Injil, the chapter on Jonah, chapter one, verse 19: "When the Jews sent the astrologers from Jerusalem in order to ask him who he is, and he admitted and did not refuse to say that he was not the Messiah, they 483 The Life of Muhammad % asked him: 'Then who are you? Are you Elias?' 'He said: 'No.' 'Are you that Prophet?' He replied: 'No." It becomes clear from this that they were waiting for a Prophet apart from 'Isa ty and Iliya . And that Prophet was so well- known by them, that they did not even have to mention his name as they mentioned the names of 'Îsa stal and Iliya stday. Rather, it was sufficient for them to merely refer to him as "that Prophet". Therefore, if 'Îsa se alone was the realization of that glad- tiding, then who were they waiting for? They were waiting for none other than Muhammad . It is for this reason that the people of the Book refer to Muhammad # as "that Prophet". 9. It is gauged from the Injil, chapter Jonah, chapter 7, verse 40 that the promised Prophet was someone apart from 'Isa (de). The verse reads: "On hearing this, most of them said: 'This is certainly that Prophet."" Mentioning the promised Prophet against 'Isa xe is a clear proof that the promised Prophet is someone other than 'Isa sada). If the words "that Prophet" do not refer to Muhammad , who else were they waiting for? 10. During the life of Rasulullah , many Jewish and Christian scholars acknowledged that he alone was that true Prophet whose glad-tiding was given by Musa , and that he alone was the realization of that glad-tiding. Many of these scholars embraced Islam, e.g. Makhrīq (a Jewish scholar) and Daghatir (a Christian scholar). Many others admitted that Muhammad was the promised Prophet but they did not embrace Islam, e.g. Heraclius, the Roman king, 'Abdullah ibn Sūriya, the Jew, and others. They admitted that Muhammad & was a true Prophet whose glad-tiding was given by Musa Stall and 'Îsa Kade). However, they did not embrace Islam. 484 The Life of Muhammad # Second prediction This is from the Old Testament, Genesis, chapter 17, verse 20. "And as for Ishmael, I have heard you. Behold, I have blessed him, and make him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly. He shall beget twelve princes, and I will make him a great nation." Verse eight of the same chapter says: "Also I give to you and your descendents after you the land in which you are a stranger, all the land of Canaan .... " Genesis, chapter 16, verses 11-12 state: "And the Angel of the Lord said to her: 'Behold, you are with child, and you shall bear a son. You shall call his name Ishmael, because the Lord has heard your affliction. He shall be a wild man. His hand shall be against every man, and every man's hand against him. And he shall dwell in the presence of all his brethren."" Chapter 25, verse 11 states: "And it came to pass, after the death of Abraham, that God blessed his son Isaac." In short, Allah promised Ibrahim Se that He would bless Ismail say and Ishaq . Eventually, the progeny of Ishaq staly was blessed. Prophet-hood and messenger-ship remained in his progeny for several thousand years. Prophets and Messengers continued coming from the progeny of Ishaq & till this stopped with 'Îsa kade). When the time for the fulfilment of the second promise came, the honour of prophet-hood and messenger-ship was transferred from the Banī Isra'il to the Banī Isma'il. The manifestation of Ibrahim's ck) supplication was displayed from the hill tops of Fārān, Mt. Sinai and all the surrounding areas. "That is the bounty of Allah. He gives it to whomever He wills. And Allah is possessor of great bounty." 485 The Life of Muhammad From Genesis, chapter 21 it is gauged that Ibrahim x brought Hajirah and Ismā'il sk to Arabia, and left them in the valley of Paran, near Makkah and returned. After the demise of his wife Sarah, Ibrahim E) returned to this valley of Faran. In the meantime, Isma'il sk had grown up into a young man. They both joined hands to build the Ka'bah. Allah % says: وَإِذْ يَرْفَعُ إِبْرَاهِيْمُ الْقَوَاعِدَ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ وَإِسْمَاعِيْلُ، رَبَّنَا تَقَبَّلْ مِنَّا إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ السَّمِيْعُ الْعَلِيْمُ. رَبَّنَا وَاجْعَلْنَا مُسْلِمَيْنِ لَكَ وَمِنْ ذُرِِّنَا أُمَّةً مُسْلِمَةً لَكَ. "When Ibrahim and Isma'il were raising the foundations of the House. [They were saying]: O our Sustainer! Accept this from us, surely You are all-hearing, all-knowing. O our Sustainer! Make us submissive to You, and from our progeny, a nation that is submissive to You." (Sūrah al-Baqarah, verses 127-128) Ponder over this: whose progeny is meant here? It is obvious that it is the progeny of Isma'il . The progeny that is living in the valley of Faran and in the neighbourhood of the Ka'bah. It was for this very progeny that Ibrahim & had made this supplication that Allah should make a nation that is submissive to Him. The other supplication that he made was this: رَبَّنَا وَابْعَثْ فِيْهِمْ رَسُوْلاً مِّنْهُمْ يَتْلُوا عَلَيْهِمْ ايِكَ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ الْكِتَبَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَيُزَكِيْهِمْ طـ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيْزُ الْحَكِيْمُ. "O our Sustainer! Send to them a Messenger from among themselves, who will recite to them Your verses and teach them the Book and wisdom, and purify them. Surely You alone are very mighty, very wise." (Sūrah al-Baqarah, verse 129) Just as Allah related this supplication of Ibrahim x in the Qur'an, He also related the acceptance of this supplication. 486 The Life of Muhammad % هُوَ الَّذِيْ بَعَثَ فِي الأُمِّيْنَ رَسُؤْلاً مِّنْهُمْ يَتْلُوْ عَلَيْهِمْ الْتِهِ وَيُزَكِّيْهِمْ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَإِنْ كَانُوْا مِنْ قَبْلُ لَفِيْ ضَلاَلٍ مُّبِيْنٍ. "It is He who raised among the unlettered people a Messenger from among themselves, reciting to them His verses, purifying them, and teaching them the Book and wisdom. And before this they were lying in manifest error." Ponder over this: is there anyone more blessed and more fortunate from the progeny of Isma'il sk than Muhammad ? In whose inheritance did the land of Kan'an come? Apart from Muhammad , whose hand was the highest and in whose hands were the keys to the treasures of this earth placed? The twelve chiefs that were referred to are the 12 caliphs. Rasūlullah % said: "The grindstone of Islam will revolve around 12 caliphs. All of them will be from the Quraysh." The all-knowing and all-wise Allah gave the progeny of Ishaq blessings over the progeny of Isma'il because the seal of Prophets, Muhammad % was to be born from the progeny of Ismail stall. If preference was given to the promise which He made to Ishaq , the chain of prophet-hood would have ceased with the progeny of Ishaq , and no one would have been made a Prophet and Messenger after the last Prophet and Messenger. Furthermore, since there would be many Prophets from the progeny of Ishaq , the Bani Isra'il were reminded of this by the words: "When He made Prophets among you." And when Ibrahim & supplicated in favour of Ismail , he said: "O our Sustainer! Appoint a Messenger from among them." He did not say: "O our Sustainer! Appoint Messengers from among them." From this we learn clearly that Ibrahim ka used to supplicate for just a single Messenger from the progeny of Ismail taky. 487 The Life of Muhammad After whom there would be no need for any further Prophet and Messenger. Ibrahim xk used the singular [Messenger] and not the plural [Messengers]. وعن أبي العالية في قوله تعالى ربنا وابعث فيهم رسولا منهم يعني أمة محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم فقيل له قد استجيب لك وهو كائن في آخر الزمان وكذا قال السدي وقتادة. It is narrated from Abu al-'Aliyah that when Ibrahim a) made this supplication: 'O our Sustainer! Appoint a Messenger from among them', Allah % replied: 'Your supplication has been accepted. This Messenger will come in the last portion of time." This is narrated by as-Suddī and Qatādah.1 The words "This Messenger will come in the last portion of time", refers to the seal of Prophets. The words of Rasūlullah : "I am the reply to the supplication of Ibrahim", also make reference to this. This supplication of Ibrahim is a very great favour to the ummah of Muhammad %. The following salutation that is recited by the ummah of Muhammad * is in gratitude to Ibrahim sely for this great favour of his: اللّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيْمَ وَعَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيْمَ "O Allah send salutation to Muhammad as You sent salutation to Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim." Alternatively, we could say that to specifically mention Ibrahim Stay in this salutation from among all the other Prophets is an acceptance of this supplication of his: "O my Sustainer! Bless me with wisdom and join me with the righteous. And make for me a true remembrance among the latter generations." (Sūrah ash-Shu'arā', verse 84) 1 Tafsîr Ibn Kathîr, vol. 1, p. 331. 488 The Life of Muhammad % Allah thus blessed Ibrahim fly with knowledge and wisdom, joined him with the righteous, and caused his good remembrance to be made by the last ummah in the above- mentioned salutation. Insha Allah this will continue till the day of resurrection. اللّهُمَّ صَلّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ كَمَا صَلَيْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيْمَ وَعَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيْمَ إِنَّكَ حَمِيْدٌ غَحِيْدٌ "O Allah send salutation to Muhammad as You sent salutation to Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim, surely You are worthy of praise, glorious." Since Ibrahim was promised blessings, the words "as You sent salutation" are added. It is not far-fetched to assume that the 12 chiefs who are considered to be the 12 caliphs make reference to the seal of prophet-hood. In other words, the chain of prophet-hood and messenger-ship will not continue after Muhammad . Rather, the chain of caliphate will start. It is for this reason that Allah as promised caliphate to this ummah. No where did He promise them prophet-hood and messenger-ship: وعد الله الذين آمنوا منكم وعملوا الصالحات ليستخلفنهم في الأرض. وقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم خلافة النبوة بعدي ثلاثون عاما وقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كانت بنوا إسرائيل تسوسهم الأنبياء كلما هلك نبي خلفه نبي وإنه لا نبي بعدي وسيكون خلفاء. رواه البخاري. "Those who have brought īman and did good deeds, Allah shall certainly give them caliphate [vicegerency] on earth." (Sūrah an-Nur, verse 55) "The Prophet said: 'The caliphate of prophet-hood will remain after me for 30 years.' The Prophet % said: 'The Banī Isra'il were led by Prophets. Every time a Prophet passed away, 489 The Life of Muhammad another Prophet came in his place. But there is to be no Prophet after me. There will be caliphs."" Narrated by Bukhari. Third prediction The following is mentioned in the Taurah, Safar Istithna', chapter 33, verse 2: "He (Musa stal) said: God came from Sinai and rose before them from Sa'ir. He appeared before them from the mountain of Faran. He came with 10 000 saintly souls. He had a Sharī' ah of fire in his right hand." Three glad-tidings are mentioned in this verse: (1) Mūsā (al) will receive the Taurah on Mt. Sinai, (2) Sa'ir is the name of a mountain which is situated in Nāsirah, the birth place of Mūsā Stal. In this is a reference to the prophet-hood of 'Isa full and the revelation of the Injil, (3) Faran refers to the mountain of Makkah. In this is a reference to the prophet-hood of Muhammad ¿ and the revelation of the Qur'an. The cave of Hira' is situated in this mountain of Faran wherein the first revelation of the Qur'an, i.e. the first five verses of Sūrah al-'Alaq, were revealed. In the Old Testament, chapter 21, verse 20-21, the following is related about Hajirah and Isma'il xgk): "So God was with the lad; and he grew and dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer. He dwelt in the Wilderness of Paran." It is an accepted fact that Ismail yk lived in Makkah. We thus learn that this verse of the Taurah gives glad-tiding of the prophet-hood which will appear from the mountain of Faran and fill the earth with its light. Now the reader can gauge for himself that can this refer to any prophet-hood apart from the prophet-hood of Muhammad % which appeared from the mountain of Faran and illuminated the entire world with its light of guidance? The prophet-hood of Faran was, without 490 The Life of Muhammad % doubt, far more illuminated than the prophet-hood of Sinai and Sā'īr. The Shari'ah of fire also refers to the Qur'an because it contains the rules of jihad, the penal laws and the laws of retribution. The army of 10 000 saintly souls refers to the angels or it could refer to the group of 10 000 Sahabah who were with Rasūlullah % during the conquest of Makkah. According to the Christians, 'Îsa ca had only 12 disciples. And that too, they fled in order to save their lives. One particular disciple by the name of Yahudā took a bribe of 30 dirhams, and caused his "god" to be captured. The beautiful sequence of this glad-tiding and its eloquence is worthy of pondering over: (1) "The Sustainer came from Sinai." (2) "He rose from Sa'ir." (3) "He appeared from the mountain of Faran." All this means that the revelation of the Taurah was like the break of dawn. The revelation of the Injil was like the rising of the sun. And the revelation of the Qur'an was like the sun at mid-day. Consequently, this is what happened. The dark night of unbelief came to an end. Dawn broke and īman and guidance appeared at the time of true dawn during the era of Musa tady. The ring leaders of unbelief like Pharaoh, Qarun and Haman were destroyed by divine punishment. When 'Isa su appeared, the sun of guidance also appeared from the eastern horizon. When Muhammad _ appeared, the sun of guidance came exactly at mid-day. No portion of earth was deprived of this light. The Qur'an makes reference to this glad-tiding: "By the fig and the olive. By Mt. Sinai. And by this city of peace." Figs and olives used to grow at the holy land [of Palestine]. This is where 'Isa ] was born. This therefore refers to the messenger-ship of 'Îsa . Mt. Sinai refers to the 491 The Life of Muhammad % birth place of Mūsa &k) and to his messenger-ship. The city of peace refers to Makkah where Muhammad % was born. Allah % refers to Makkah as the city of peace. In this there is reference to the fact that Muhammad % is a unique pearl from the treasures of Allah , and that this city of peace was given to him as a trust. He safeguarded this trust in this city of peace for 53 years. However, when the time and situation became difficult, this city handed over this trust to Madinah. The above glad-tiding contains the glad-tiding with respect to three Prophets. This glad-tiding concludes with the glad-tiding of the seal of Prophets, Muhammad %, so that reference is made to the end of prophet-hood. The opponents claim that Faran is actually the name of an area of Sinai. Since Muhammad # did not come from this area, this glad-tiding cannot apply to him. A reply to this is that in the Old Testament, Genesis, chapter 21, verses 13-21, it is recorded that when Hajirah and Isma'il & became displeased with Sarah &sky, they left the holy land and settled down in the desert of Faran. Based on this, it is established that Faran was the place where Isma'il ca and his progeny lived. It is established through authentic traditions that Hajirah and Ismail staly settled down in that valley wherein Makkah is situated today. His progeny also lived here. From this we learn that Faran is not the name of an area of Mt. Sinai. Rather, it is the name of a mountain of Makkah where Hajirah sky and Isma'il sely settled down. The Arabic version of the Taurah was published by German scholars in 1851. It states the following with regard to the place where Isma'il gel lived: وسكن في برية فاران (أي الحجاز) وأخذت له امرأة من أرض مصر (كون الدنيا 21- (21 492 The Life of Muhammad % "He settled down in the land of Faran (i.e. the Hijaz) and married a woman from Egypt." After the demise of Samual, Da'ud stay went to the land of Fārān. While there, he compiled a scripture. Therein he states with much grief: I am living in the land of Qaydar. Refer to the book of Samual, chapter 2, verse 1, and the Psalms 120: 5. It becomes clear that Qaydar used to live in Faran. Qaydār is the other son of Isma'il s]. It is learnt from the scripture of the Messenger Ash'iya' that he and his offspring used to live in the western side of the land. Bartholomew states that he lived in central Hijaz. It is established from this that the valley of Hijaz and Faran refers to the same land. Muhammad Rasulullah was born in Makkah, a famous city of Hijāz. The Shari'ah of fire refers to that Shari'ah which contains the laws of jihad, retribution, penal laws, etc. The prophet-hood of such a Sharī'ah will also have worldly kingship. The prophet- hood of 'Isa ] did not have worldly kingship with it. Nor was he able to take retribution from criminals. Fourth prediction The following is stated in the Taurah, Safar Istithna', chapter 32, verse 21: "Due to his not being God, has caused me to become self-respecting and he has made me angry with his baseless talks. So I will also cause him who is not in the group to become self-respecting and cause him to become angry by that nation that has no intelligence." The nation that has no intelligence refers to the ignorant Arabs who were engrossed in ignorance and deviation before the commissioning of Muhammad % as a Prophet. Let alone having no rational and religious knowledge, these Arabs knew nothing except idol-worship. The Jews and Christians considered them to be inconsequential. They referred to them as ignorant ones and themselves as intelligent ones. 493 The Life of Muhammad However, when the Jews and Christians disregarded the orginal teachings of their respective scriptures, and became engrossed in polytheism, the self-respect and self-honour of Allah dig came to the fore and, according to His promise, He commissioned a Prophet from among these ignorant Arabs. Allah % gave honour to His religion at his hands, killed the deviated Jews at his hands, and enabled the Muslims to take control of Egypt and Syria. Allah as says: يُسَبِّحُ للهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الأَرْضِ الْمَلِكِ الْقُدُّؤْسِ الْعَزِيْزِ الْكِيْمِ. هُوَ الَّذِيْ بَعَثَ فِي الأُمِّيْنَ رَسُؤْلاً مِّنْهُمْ يَتْلُؤْ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتِهِ وَيُزَكِّيْهِمْ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَإِنْ كَانُوا مِنْ قَبْلُ لَفِيْ ضَلاَلٍ مُّبِيْنٍ. "Whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth glorifies Allah, the sovereign, the holy, the mighty, the wise. It is He who raised among the unlettered people a Messenger from among themselves, reciting to them His verses, purifying them, and teaching them the Book and wisdom. And before this they were lying in manifest error." (Sūrah al-Jumu'ah, verses 1- 2) The "unlettered ones" refers to the ignorant Arabs. The nations of 'Îsa ) and Yusha' S were neither ignorant nor inconsequential. Nor have the Banī Isra'il been warned. This glad-tiding can therefore not be applied to anyone but the Arabs. The ignorant nation and ignorant tribes can refer to Greeks as is understood from the writings of Paulus. This is not correct because the Greeks, in those days, surpassed all the nations of the world in their knowledge and sciences. How, then, can they 1 Allah says: "The Jews say: 'Uzayr is the son of Allah.' And the Christians say: 'The Messiah is the son of Allah."" (Sûrah at-Taubah, verse 30) 494 The Life of Muhammad % be regarded as "the ignorant nation" and "ignorant tribes"? Many great scholars and philosophers like Socrates, Aristotle, etc. had come to this world long before the advent of Isa tell. Fifth prediction The following is stated in the Old Testament, Genesis 49: 1-2: "And Jacob called his sons and said, 'Gather together, that I may tell you what shall befall you in the last days: gather together and hear, you sons of Jacob, and listen to Israel your father." Verse 10 states: "The sceptre shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh comes; and to Him shall be the obedience of the people." It is learnt from the above verses that as long as Shila does not appear in the latter era, leadership and authority will remain in the hands of Yahuda and his progeny. According to Muslims, Shila is the title of Muhammad . The Christians consider this to be the title of 'Îsa . However, this is an incorrect assumption of theirs. The reason for this is that the above context demands that the lineage of Shila be out of the lineage of Yahuda. This is because the end of the leadership and authority of Yahudā and his progeny can only be accepted when Shila is not from the progeny of Yahuda. If Shila were from the progeny of Yahuda, this would mean the continuation of the leadership of Yahuda and not the end of this leadership. On reflecting on the first page of the Book of Mathew in the Bible, it becomes clear that 'Isa ] is not out of the lineage of Yahuda. This is because 'Isa su is from the progeny of Da'ūd Saky. And Da'ud sa is unanimously considered to be from the progeny of Yahudā. Therefore, Shila can only be the person who is not from the progeny of Yahuda. And his appearance is in the latter part of time - as is apparent from the above-quoted 495 The Life of Muhammad verse. "I have gathered you in order to inform you of what is going to happen in the latter part of time." Both these facts are applicable to Muhammad * alone. He was not from the progeny of Yahuda - he was from the progeny of Ismail say. And since he came as the seal of Prophets, he appeared in the latter part of time. After Muhammad % was commissioned as a Prophet, whatever leadership and authority that was enjoyed by the progeny of Yahudā all came to an end. The villages of the Banī Nadīr [a Jewish tribe of Madinah] and Khaybar [a Jewish stronghold] were all conquered during the time of Rasulullah . As for the words "Nations will gather around him", these refer to the all-encompassing nature of the prophet-hood of Muhammad . Allah % says in the Qur'an: "O people! I am the Messenger of Allah to all of you together." (Sūrah al-A'raf, verse 158) On the contrary, 'Isa su was sent specifically to the Banī Isrā'il. Allah ; says about him: "And a Messenger to the Banī Isrā'il." Moreover, people from different tribes and nations rallied specifically around Muhammad . They entered into his religion in huge numbers and large groups. This was not enjoyed by 'Îsa (de). Verse eleven of this chapter states: "Binding his donkey to the vine." The book Madarij an-Nubūwwah states that when Muhammad conquered Khaybar, he saw a black donkey. He spoke to it and asked it its name. It replied: "My name is Yazīd ibn Shihab. Allah created seven donkeys from my grandmother's progeny. No one but Prophets rode them. And I hope that you will ride me. No one except me is left from my grandmother's progeny. And from among the Prophets, no one but you is left." Rasūlullah į mounted this donkey. When Rasulullah _ passed 496 The Life of Muhammad away, it was so overcome by grief that it fell into a well and died. The same verse 11 states: "He washed his garments in wine, and in clothes in the blood of grapes." When translating this verse from the original Ibranī language, an alteration was made. The actual and correct translation is this: "He will wash his clothes from wine and his food from grape juice." In other words, wine will be made unlawful in the Shari'ah of the final Prophet. Just as various impurities on clothing have to be washed off, in like manner, the clothes on which wine has fallen will have to be washed and made pure. It is also not far fetched to say that this refers to drowned in the wine of love of Allah . The status of Muhammadis extremely high. He is the leader of all past and latter peoples. There are hundreds of thousands of his followers who passed away in their intense love for Allah . No other nation can compare with this ummah in this regard. The 12th verse states: "His eyes are darker than wine, and his teeth whiter than milk." This verse makes reference to the physical features of that very Prophet whose eyes will be red and teeth will be white. It is stated in Sharh al-Mawahib of Zurqānī rahimahullah that when Rasūlullah ¿ went to Busra on a trade journey, he stood near a shady tree where the monastery of the monk, Nastura, was. Nastūra said to Maysarah, the slave of Rasūlullah % who had accompanied him on this journey, that how is it that his eyes are red. Maysarah replied that Rasūlullah's eyes are always red. On hearing this, Nastūra said: "This is the final Messenger. I hope that I will be alive when he is commissioned as a Messenger." Shaykh Jalal ad-Din Suyūtī rahimahullah writes in Tārīkh Misr that when Hatib conveyed Rasulullah's letter to Muqawqis, the ruler of Egypt, Muqawqis began enumerating 497 The Life of Muhammad # the physical features of the final Prophet and Messenger. Among the features that he enumerated was that his eyes always remain red. On hearing this, Hatib % said: "Without doubt, redness never leaves his eyes." In the Ahadith which describe the physical features of Rasulullah , he is described as أشكل العينين . A person is described as such when in the whiteness of his eyes there is redness as well. Other narrations describe his eyes as being zesf . This refers to blackness in the eyes. There is no contradiction in these narrations. Redness and blackness are both required for beauty and handsomeness. Blackness alone or redness alone would not give that amount of beauty as opposed to blackness and redness together. Sixth prediction The following is from Psalms, chapter 45, verses 1-9. "My heart is overflowing with a good theme; I recite my composition concerning the King; my tongue is the pen of a ready write. You are fairer than the sons of men; grace is poured upon Your lips; therefore God has blessed You forever. Gird Your sword upon Your thigh, O Mighty One, with Your glory and Your majesty. And in Your majesty ride prosperously because of truth, humility, and righteousness; and Your right hand shall teach You awesome things. Your arrows are sharp in the heart of the King's enemies; the peoples fall under You. Your throne, O God, is forever and ever; a scepter of righteousness is the scepter of Your kingdom. You love righteousness and hate wickedness; therefore God, Your God, has anointed You with the oil of gladness more than Your companions. All Your garments are scented with myrrh and aloes and cassia, out of the ivory palaces, by which they have made You glad. Kings' daughters are among Your honorable 498 The Life of Muhammad women; at Your right hand stands the queen in gold from Ophir." Verse 12 says: " And the daughter of Tyre will come with a gift; the rich among the people will seek Your favor." Verse 16 says: " Instead of Your fathers shall be Your sons, whom You shall make princes in all the earth. I will make Your name to be remembered in all generations; therefore the people shall praise You forever and ever." In this Zabur, Da'ud all is giving the glad-tiding of a very great and powerful Messenger. Out of his extreme love, he is addressing him directly and enumerating his qualities. He is saying that when that Prophet will appear, he will have these qualities. They are as follows: 1. He will be king, i.e. the greatest and the most superior. 2. He will be extremely handsome. 3. Intricateness will be on his lips. In other words, he will talk very sweetly and he will be very eloquent. 4. He will be blessed till eternity. 5. He will be very brave and strong. 6. He will be clad with a sword. 7. He will be a person of honesty and truthfulness. 8. He will move forward [not turn back out of cowardice]. 9. Extraordinary feats will be performed by his right hand. 10. He will be an archer. 11. People will fall at his feet. In other words, the creation of Allah will be subservient to him. 499 The Life of Muhammad 12. The throne will remain till eternity. In other words, the Shari'ah and the authority of Islam will continue till the day of resurrection. 13. The staff of the kingdom will be the staff of righteousness. 14. He will be the friend of honesty and the enemy of mischief. 15. Fragrance will emanate from his clothes. 16. The daughters of kings and rulers will come in his marriage. 17. Gifts and presents will come to him. 18. Instead of sons, his fathers will become leaders and rulers. 19. He will be remembered by generation after generation and progeny after progeny. 20. People will praise him till eternity. According to Muslims, this glad-tiding is in favour of Muhammad . The Jews are of the opinion that no Prophet after Da'ud l came with these qualities. The Christians say that this glad-tiding refers to 'Îsa xk. However, Muslims claim that this refers to Muhammad alone and no one else. This is the truth because the above-mentioned qualities are found in none other than Muhammad . 1. The affirmation of kingship for him is clearer than the light of day. Allah bestowed Resulullah with the kingship of this world and the hereafter. He promulgated the injunctions of Allah g like a king. Muhammad % was not powerless as 'Îsa Saky was at the hands of the Jews, as alleged by the Christians. Rasulullah % removed the Jews from their forts and expelled them. 500 The Life of Muhammad In short, Muhammad % was the king in religious and worldly matters. He was superior to all the Prophets. No Messenger was given a miraculous Book like the Qur'an nor was anyone given a complete and perfect Shari'ah that could guarantee success in both worlds and total salvation. Which warned of the incorrect beliefs and deeds. Which paved the path to Allah g in such a clear way that the person treading such a path can never be left in any confusion. It was also perfect in culturing of morals, organization of the home and administration of the country. In short, it can be described as being most comprehensive. It is only Islam which combines all these beauties and advantages - that religion which Muhammad # brought from Allah g. "Surely the true religion in the sight of Allah is Islam." (Sūrah Āl 'Imran, verse 19) Therefore, the Book of that Prophet which is superior to all other divine Books and scriptures, whose Shari'ah is more perfect and complete than all other Shari'ahs, whose miracles are also greater and superior to the miracles of all previous Prophets, whose ummah is superior to all other ummahs in their knowledge, deeds, beliefs, morals, characteristics, culture, civilization, political organization - then how can there be any doubt as regards that Prophet being the leader of all past and future generations, and being the king of both the worlds? 2. His beauty and handsomeness was to such a level that Abū Hurayrah 4% narrates: "I have not seen anyone more handsome and striking than Rasūlullah . It was as though the sun was circling his face. When he used to smile, the sparkle of his teeth would fall on the walls." Hassan ibn Thābit 4% says: وَأَحْسَنُ مِنْكَ لَمْ تَرَ قَطُّ عَبْنِيْ - وَأَجْمَلَ مِنْكَ لَمْ تَلِدِ النِّسَاءُ خُلِقْتَ مُبَرَّةً مِنْ كُلِّ عَيْبٍ - كَأَنَّكَ قَدْ خُلِقْتَ كَمَا تَشَاءُ