النص المفهرس

Sîratul-Mustafâ
Life of the Prophet
Not even a few days later, Iyâs passed away. As he was
breathing his last, words like Lâ Ilâha Illallâh, Allahu Akbar,
Subhânallâh and Alhamdulillah were spilling over from his
tongue. All those who were in attendance heard these words
and this left no doubt in their minds that he passed away as a
Muslim. [Al-Bidâyah Wan-Nihâyah volume 3 page 148, Al-
Isâbah volume 1 page 91]
Hafiz Haythamî says that Ahmad and Tabrâni narrated this
report with a reliable chain of narrators. [Majma'uz-Zawaid
volume 6 page 360]
The inception of Islam in Madinah Munawwarah - year 11
Most of the citizens of Madinah were made up of the Aws and
Khazraj tribes who were polytheists and idolaters. Living
amongst them were Jews as well who were regarded as people
of the book. Since the Jews were in the minority in Madinah,
whenever they had a conflict with the Aws or Khazraj, the Jews
would say: "Very soon the final messenger is going to be
commissioned to this earth. We will follow him. And joining
our forces with him, we will destroy you like people of 'Ad and
Iram."
During the days of Hajj a few pilgrims of the Khazraj tribe
arrived in Makkah. This was the eleventh year of prophethood.
Rasûlullah appeared before them inviting them towards
Islâm. He also recited to them a few verses of the Holy Quran.
The moment these people laid eyes on him they recognised and
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addressing one another they exclaimed: "By Allâh! This is the
very same Prophet whom the Jews longingly talk about. Take
heed! Let not the Jews beat you to this good fortune and
virtue."
In this very meeting, this group embraced Islâm before rising
from their seats. They then said: "O Prophet of Allâh! We have
embraced Islâm and we believe in you. The Jews and we are
always at odds with one another. If you permit, may we return
and invite them to this religion of Islam as well? If they
embrace Islâm and both of us live in harmony, nobody will be
more dear to us than you." (Rasûlullah % permitted them to
invite them to Islâm.)
These six fortunate men of the Khazraj tribe were:
رضي الله عنه As ad bin Zurarah .1
رضي الله عنه Awf bin Al-Harith' .2
رضي الله عنه Rafi bin Malik .3
رضي الله عنه Qutbah bin 'Amir .4
رضي الله عنه Uqbah bin 'Amir .5
164.رضي الله عنه Jabir bin 'Abdullah bin Rabab .6
164 This is other than the famous Sahabî who is popularly knows as just
Jabir. He is Jabir bin 'Abdullah bin Harâm Licale. [Zarqânî volume 1
page 311]
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Some 'Ulama of Siyar (prophetic history) cite the name of
'Ubâdah bin Sâmit instead of Jâbir bin 'Abdullah. [Ibn Hishâm
volume 1 page 150]
For further reference see Fathul-Barî under the chapter 'The
delegations of the Ansâr to Rasûlullah & in Makkah and the
pledge of 'Aqabah'. [Al-Bidâyah Wan-Nihâyah volume 3 page
148]
These six personalities took their leave from Rasûlullah % and
returned to Madînah. Whomsoever they met they couldn't help
but mention Rasûlullah . As a result, in Madinah, not a house
nor meeting was devoid of the mention of Rasûlullah .
The first pledge of the Ansar - year 12
In the following year, which was the twelfth year of
prophethood, twelve people came to Makkah to meet with
Rasûlullah . Five of them were from the first six people whilst
another seven joined them. These twelve people are:
رضي الله عنه As ad bin Zurarah .1
رضي الله عنه Awf bin Harith' .2
رضي الله عنه Rafi bin Malik .3
رضي الله عنه Qutbah bin 'Amir .4
رضي الله عنه Uqbah bin 'Amir' .5
6. Mu az bin Harith رضي الله عنه (brother of 'Awf bin Harith
(رضي الله عنه
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- رضي الله عنه Zakwan bin 'Abduqays .7
رضي الله عنه Ubadah bin Samit' .8
رضي الله عنه Yazid bin Th alabah .9
رضي الله عنه Abbas bin 'Ubadah bin Nadlah' .10
رضي الله عنه Abul-Haytham Malik bin Tayhan .11
رضي الله عنه Uwaym bin Saidah' .12
On this occasion, Jabir bin 'Abdullah bin Rabab رضي الله عنه was
not present (although he was present on the first occasion as
mentioned above).
These twelve personalities presented themselves before
Rasûlullah % and at night in Mina they pledged their allegiance
at the hands of Rasûlullah % just near a place called 'Aqabah.
(Hence the name of this allegiance, Bay 'atul-'Aqabah.)
They pledged their allegiance not to ascribe partners unto
Allâh, to abstain from theft, fornication, infanticide, false
accusation and slander. This was the foremost allegiance of the
Ansâr, which is referred to as Bay'atul-'Aqabah Al-Ûlâ (the
first allegiance at 'Aqabah).
As this group was returning to Madinah Munawwarah after
pledging their allegiance, Rasûlullâh % despatched 'Abdullah
165
Zakwân stayed on in Makkah after the pledge of allegiance. He then
emigrated to Madînah Munawwarah. This is why Zakwân is referred to as a
Muhâjhir as well as an Ansârî. [Zarqânî volume 1 page 313, 'Uyûn Al-
Athar.
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bin Ummu Maktum رضى الله عنه and Mus'ab bin Umair
with them to teach the people of Madinah the Holy رضي الله عنه
Quran and the regulations of Islam. When they reached
Madînah, they were accommodated in the house of As'ad bin
-رضي الله عنه Zurarah
Mus ab bin Umair رضي الله عنه would invite the people towards
Islâm and lead them in Salâh. He was their Imâm. One day, as
he was delivering a sermon about the magnificence of Islâm in
front of a huge crowd of people, Usaid bin Huzair166, bearing a
sword in hand, appeared before him and demanded: "What
have you come here for? Why are you deluding our women and
children? It would be better if you left this place!"
Mus ab bin 'Umair رضي الله عنه replied: "Is it possible for you to
sit down for a little while and listen to what I have to say? If
you take a fancy towards it, well and good otherwise you may
choose to withdraw." Usaid replied: "Very well, this seems
رضي الله عنه quite fair." He then took a seat. Mus ab bin Umair
portrayed the magnificence of Islam and recited verses of the
Holy Quran before him. On hearing this, Usaid remarked:
"How beautiful and splendid are these words."
He then enquired about the process of entering into the fold of
Islam. Mus ab bin Umair رضي الله عنه replied: "Firstly, you
should cleanse your body and clothing. Take a bath. Recite the
Kalimah Shahâdah and perform Salâh."
166 He had not embraced Islam as yet.
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Usaid right away stood up, cleaned his clothing, took a bath,
recited the Kalimah Shahâdah and offered two Rak'ât of Salâh.
He then said: "There is another man - meaning S'ad bin M'uâz,
the chief of the Aws tribe - who, if he embraces Islam, not a
single member of the Aws tribe will remain unconverted. Let
me go and I will send him to you now."
رضي الله عنه As S'ad bin Mu az saw Usaid bin Hudair
approaching, he said: "The Usaid returning does not seem the
like the same Usaid who left from here earlier on." As he drew
closer, S'ad asked Usaid: "What happened?" Usaid replied: "I
did not find anything objectionable in his (Mus'ab's) words."
S'ad bin Mu'âz was thrown into a fit of rage and wielding his
sword, he set out for As'ad bin Zurarah's home (the host of
.(رضي الله عنه Mustab
As he reached him, S'ad fumed: "If it was not because of your
family relationship with me, if you were not my cousin I would
have sorted you out with this sword. Have you brought this
man (Mus'ab) here to deceive the people?"
Mus'ab replied: "S'ad, is it possible for you to sit and listen to
me for a few moments? If you like what you hear you may
accept it otherwise you are free to do as you please." "Okay,"
replied S'ad, "what you say is rather fair." Saying this, he sat
down. Mus'ab presented the magnificence of Islam before him
and recited a few verses of the Holy Quran to him. He barely
heard the verses of the Quran when his colour changed. He
pleaded: "How do I enter this religion?"
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Mustab رضى الله عنه replied: "Firstly, you should cleanse your
clothing and take a bath. Recite the Kalimah Shahâdah and
perform two Rak'ât of Salâh."
Without more ado, S'ad got up, took a bath, recited the
Kalimah Shahâdah and performed two Rak'ât of Salâh.
The moment he was done here, he headed off towards his
people. As his people saw him coming from a distance, they
realised that his colour has changed. There is something
different about him. As he reached their gathering, S'ad
addressed them saying: "What do you think of me?" In one
voice they all agreed: "You are our leader. As far as your
discretion and good counsel is concerned, you are the best
amongst us." S'ad said: "By Allâh! I will never speak to you
until and unless each one of you believes in Allâh and His
Rasûl ."
Even before nightfall, not a single man or woman of the Banû
'Abdul-Ashal tribe was left without embracing Islam. ['Uyûn
Al-Athar volume 1 page 158, Ibn Hishâm, Tabrî, Al-Bidâyah
Wan-Nihâyah]
From the entire tribe of Banû 'Abdul-Ashal, only one man by
the name of 'Amr bin Thabit who was known as Usayrim was
left to embrace Islam. He embraced Islam on the day of Uhud.
He barely accepted Islâm and set out for the battlefield where
he was martyred. On this occasion, Rasûlullah # issued glad
tidings of his entry into Jannah. Hadrat Abû Hurayrah
ucalò, would ask as a riddle: "Show me a person who is a
Jannatî without even performing a single Salâh."
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When the people failed to answer, he would say: "He is
Usayrim from the tribe of Banû Abdul-Ashal." [Narrated by
Ibn Ishaq with a satisfactory Sanad and lengthy details on the
[167. رضي الله عنه authority of Abu Hurayrah
رضي الله عنه Islam of Rifa ah
Rifa ah bin Rafi Zuraqi رضي الله عنه narrates: "Even before those
six Ansârîs could come to Makkah, my cousin (my mother's
sister's son) Mu'az bin 'Afrâ and I came to Makkah. We met
with Rasûlullah and he presented the beauty of Islam to us.
He asked me: "O Rifâ'ah! Tell me, who created the earth, skies
and mountains?" We replied: "Allah created them." He then
asked: "Who is more worthy of being worshipped; the Creator
or the created?" We replied: "The Creator." Rasûlullah # then
advised: "So you are entitled to be worshipped by these idols
whilst you worship Allah because you created these idols
whilst you were created by Allah. I am inviting you to the
worship of just one Allâh. Believe in the oneness of Allâh and
do not ascribe any partners unto him and regard me as the
messenger and Prophet of Allâh. Maintain favourable
relationship with your kith and kin and refrain from oppression
and transgression."
167 Zarqânî volume 1 page 316.
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To this I replied: "You have certainly invited us towards
outstanding character and magnificent characteristics"
I then rose from there and headed off towards the Haram where
I stridently proclaimed: "I bear witness that there is none
worthy of worship besides Allâh and that Muhammad is His
messenger. [Extracted by Hâkim and he declares this narration
as authentic. 168]
The institution of Jumu'ah at Madînah
In the same year As'ad bin Zurarah رضى الله عنه established
Jumu'ah at Madinah Munawwarah. When he observed that the
Jews and Christians have a special day of the week in which
they congregate; the Jews on Saturday and the Christians on
Sunday, he reflected that the Muslims should also observe a
day of the week in which they congregate to remember Allâh,
to express their Shukr (appreciation) before him, to offer Salâh
and to worship Him. As'ad bin Zurârah proposed the day of
Friday as this special day for the Muslims and on this day he
led everyone in Salâh. [Narrated by 'Abd bin Humaid with an
authentic Sanad from Ibn Sîrîn.]
In short, the Sahabah, on the basis of their own Ijtihad
(inference), firstly established the performance of Jumu'ah and
secondly they proposed that the name of that auspicious day be
168
Khasâisu Kubrâ volume 1 page 316.
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referred to as the day of Jumu'ah. Previously, during the times
of ignorance, the day was referred to as the day of 'Arubah.
The divine revelation of Allah approved of both these
inferences, as evident from the following verse:
"When the call for prayer is proclaimed on the day of Friday,
hasten towards the Zikr of Allâh ... " [Sûrah Jumu'ah]
Besides portraying the compulsion of Jumu'ah, this verse also
proves that Allâh Ta'âlâ found the name Jumu'ah appealing as
well. The divine revelation of Allâh Ta'âlâ refrained from using
the name Yawme-'Arûbah (day of 'Arubah) for Friday as was
prevalent in the pre-Islamic days of ignorance and employed
exactly the same name proposed by the Ansar. Judging from
this perspective, Allâh Ta'âlâ has endorsed and approved of the
Ijtihâd (inference) of the Ansâr.
Merely a few days letter, Rasûlullah 's missive addressed to
Mus ab bin Umair رضي الله عنه reached the people of Madinah
wherein he instructs them to congregate and perform two
Rak'ât of Salâh after midday. [Narrated by Daru Qutnî from
Ibn 'Abbâs Licalà. Extracted from Zarqânî volume 1 page
315]
"Abdur-Rahman bin K'ab bin Malik رضي الله عنه says:
"Whenever my father K ab bin Malik رضى الله عنه heard the Azan
of Jumu'ah being called he would fondly bring to mind As'ad
bin Zurârah and make Du'â of forgiveness for him. When I
once enquired about this, he replied: "In Madînah, he was the
first person to lead us in Jumu'ah Salâh." [Al-Isabah volume 1
page 34]
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Note: 'Allâm Suhaylî says: "In Islam the very first person to
establish Jumu'ah was As'ad bin Zurarah dicail , whilst the
very first person to establish Jumu'ah during pre-Islâmic era of
ignorance was Rasûlullah 's forefather K'ab bin Luway, as
explained earlier on under his 'family lineage'. [Rawdul-Anf
volume 1 page 269]
Second pledge of the Ansar - 13th year
The following year, which was the thirteenth year of
prophethood, Mus ab bin Umair رضي الله عنه, in the company of
a group of Muslims set out for Makkah with the intention of
performing Hajj. Accompanying these Muslim pilgrims were a
number of polytheists from the Aws and Khazraj tribes who
had not as yet embraced Islâm. Most of the group, which
numbered more than four hundred, comprised of these people.
According to the most popular view, the Muslims numbered
seventy-five; seventy-three men and two women, who pledged
their allegiance at the hands of Rasûlullah & in the same valley
where the very first group had pledged their allegiance. This
second pledge is referred to Bay'atu 'Aqabah Thâniyah (the
second pledge of allegiance).
'Allamah Jawzi رحمة الله عليه says that the people who pledged
their allegiance on this occasion numbered a few more than
seventy five, the details of which are as follows:
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سَلُّ
Life of the Prophet
Names beginning with Alif "|"
1
رضي الله عنه As ad bin Zurarah
2
رضي الله عنه Usaid bin Hudair
3
رضي الله عنه Ubayy bin Kab
4
Aws bin Thabit رضي الله عنه- brother of
رضي الله عنه Hassan bin Thabit
5
رضي الله عنه Aws bin Yazid
"ب" Names beginning with Ba
6
رضي الله عنه Bara bin Ma rur
7
رضي الله عنه Bishr bin Bara bin Ma rur
8
رضي الله عنه Bashir bin S'ad
9
رضي الله عنه Buhair bin Al-Haytham
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◌َسَلَّ
Life of the Prophet
Names beginning with Thâ "&"
10
رضي الله عنه Thabit bin AL-Jaz a
11
رضي الله عنه Th alabah bin 'Adi
12
رضي الله عنه Th alabah bin Ghanamah
Names beginning with Jîm "z"
13
Jâbir bin 'Abdullah bin 'Amr bin
رضي الله عنه Haram
14
رضي الله عنه Jabir bin Sakhr
Names beginning with Hâ "~"
15
رضي الله عنه Harith bin Qays
Names beginning with Khâ "¿"
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16
رضي الله عنه Khalid bin Zaid
17
Khâlid bin 'Amr bin Ubayy bin K'ab
رضي الله عنه
18
Khalid
bin
169
'Amr
bin
‘Adî
رضي الله عنه
19
رضي الله عنه Khalid bin Qays
170
20
رضي الله عنه Kharijah bin Zaid
21
رضي الله عنه Khadij bin Salamah
22
رضي الله عنه Khallad bin Suwaid
Names beginning with Zâl "3"
23
.رضي الله عنه Zakwan bin 'Abdi Qays
He participated in both pledges.
169 He is included only according to Wâqidî.
170 This is according to Ibn Ishaq and Waqidî only. Abû M'ashar and Ibn
'Aqabah don't include him in this list.
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Names beginning with Râ ","
24
رضي الله عنه Rafi bin Malik bin 'Ajlan
25
Rifa'ah bin Rafi bin Malik
رضي الله عنه
26
Rifâ‘ah
رضي الله عنه
bin
'Abdul-Munzir
27
رضي الله عنه Rifa ah bin 'Amr
Names beginning with Zâ ";"
28
رضي الله عنه Ziyad bin Labid
29
رضي الله عنه Zaid bin Sahl Abu Talhah
Names beginning with Sîn "y."
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30
S'ad bin Zaid bin Mâlik Al-Ashalî
رضي الله عنه
171
31
رضي الله عنه S ad bin Khaythamah
32
رضي الله عنه 1'S'ad bin Rab
33
رضي الله عنه S'ad bin 'Ubadah
34
Salamah bin Salâmah bin Waqash
رضي الله عنه
35
رضي الله عنه Salim bin 'Amr
36
رضي الله عنه Sanan bin Sayfi
37
رضي الله عنه Sahal bin 'Atik
Names beginning with Shîn "s"
38
رضي الله عنه Shamr bin S'ad
171 He is included only according to Wâqidî.
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سَلَمّ
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Names beginning with Sad "Je"
39
رضي الله عنه Sayfi bin Sawad
Names beginning with Dad "y"
40
رضي الله عنه Dahhak bin Zaid
41
رضي الله عنه Dahhak bin Harithah
Names beginning with Tâ "L"
42
رضي الله عنه Tufail bin Nu man
Names beginning with Zâ "L"
43
رضي الله عنه Zahir bin Rafi
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وسلم
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Names beginning with 'Ain "¿"
44
رضي الله عنه Ubadah bin Samit'
45
رضي الله عنه Abbad bin Qays،
46
رضي الله عنه Abdullah bin Unais،
47
رضي الله عنه Abbas bin Nadlah'
48
رضي الله عنه 1'Abdullah bin Rab
49
رضي الله عنه Abdullah bin Rawahah
50
Abdullah
رضي الله عنه
bin
Zaid
(Muazzin)
51
Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Haram
رضي الله عنه
52
رضي الله عنه Abas bin 'Amir'
53
رضي الله عنه Ubaid bin Tayhan'
172
54
رضي الله عنه Uqbah bin Amr'
172 Brother of Abul-Haytham bin Tayhan رضي الله عنه .Some historians say
that it is 'Atîk instead of 'Ubaid.
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55
رضي الله عنه Uqbah bin 'Amir'
56
رضي الله عنه Uqbah bin Wahab'
57
رضي الله عنه Ubadah bin Hazam'
58
رضي الله عنه Amr bin Harith'
59
رضي الله عنه Amr bin Ghaziyyah،
60
رضي الله عنه Amr bin 'Umair،
61
رضي الله عنه Umair bin Al-Harith'
62
رضي الله عنه Awf bin Harith'
63
رضي الله عنه Uwaym bin Saidah'
"ف" Names beginning with Fa
64
رضي الله عنه Farwah bin Amr
"ق" Names beginning with Qaf
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65
"رضي الله عنه Qatadah bin Nu man
173
66
رضي الله عنه Qutbah bin 'Amir
67
رضي الله عنه Qays bin 'Amir
68
رضي الله عنه Qays bin Abi S'asarah
Names beginning with Kâf "&"
69
رضي الله عنه K ab bin Malik
Names beginning with Mîm "?"
70
رضي الله عنه Malik bin Tayhan
71
Mâlik bin 'Abdullah bin J'asham
رضي الله عنه
72
رضي الله عنه Mas uid bin Yazid
173
Cited by all except Ibn Ishâq.
500