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Those people came towards them with their baskets and their spades (unaware of
the arrival of the صلى الله عليه وسلم Prophet and intending to go to their fields), but when
they (suddenly) saw the صلى الله عليه وسلم Prophet, they cried, "Muhammad! By Allah,
Muhammad (is here) and the army!" They rushed back to the refuge of the fortress.
On seeing them, Allah's صلى الله عليه وسلم Messenger said, Allah is the Greatest! Allah is
the Greatest! Allah is the Greatest! Khayber Is Vanquished! Surely, when we
descend on the ground or any people, hapless morn shall it be for those who are
warned". (These last are quotation from the Quran 37: 177).1
COMMENTARY: Even if he knew that he was invading the land of the infidels, the 4,lean
, Prophet made it certain that there were no Muslims among them. If he heard the adhan,
he deferred the invasion. In those days, Muslims were not known to forsake the adhan.
Khattabi said that this is a strong evidence that adhan („Star Sid and so on) is one of the
symbols of Islam and it is absolutely disallowed to abandon it. In fact, if people of a locality
stop calling the adhan, the ruler must wage battle against them, as a wajib (obligatory) on
him. He must prevent them from going astray. This is corroborated by the Hanafi jurists.
The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم explain why he said "Khaybar is vanquished" by his words,
"When we (meaning the Prophets or the entire Musim community) descend on any people,
hapless morn shall it be for those who are warned."
The people who are warned are. Of course, the disbelievers. He referred to the invasion
and the resultant killing and Allah's punishment causing their morning to be miserable.
The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم had this verse in mind when he said that:
افَبِعَذَابِنَا يَسْتَعْجِلُوْنَ، فَإِذَا نَزَّلَ بِسَاحَتِهِمْ فَسَآءَ صَبَاءُ الْمُنْذَرِيْنَ - (الصافات ،١٦:٣،ILL)
{Do they wish to hurry on our punishment? But when it descends into the open
space before them, evil will be the morning for those who were warned (and
needed not)!) (37: 176-177)
Nawawi said that in the light of this hadith ,it is mustahab (desirable) to call the takbir
(Allahu Akbar, Allah is the Greatest), on reaching the battle field against the enemy. It is
·also allowed, at such times, to cite a reference from the noble Quran. Indeed, it was a
similar case at the conquest of Makkah, when the Prophet صلى اللهعليهوسلم had recited:
جَآءَ الْحُقُّ وَزَهَقَ الْبَاطِلُ - (الاسراء ،ا: ٨)
{The Truth has come and falsehood has vanished away.) (17: 84)
However, the ulama (Scholars) maintain that it is makruh (disapproved) to cite a reference
from the noble Quran as a proverb or idiom, or a part of vain and meaningless
conversation. In fact, Mulla Ali Qari said that some of our ulama (Scholars) hold that it is
disbelief on the part of one who uses Allah's words from a verse or part of a verse to
express what he wished to say instead of using his own words. For example, if a man gives
a book to another man named Yahya and does not say "Yahya. Take your book", but says
قُلْ جَاء الْحُقُّ وَزَهَقَ الْبَاطِلُ - (الاسراء،ا: ٨)
{O Yahya hold fast the book with strength,} (19: 12) this is wrong.
1 Bukhari # 610, Muslim # 120. 1365, Tirmidhi # 1550. Nasa : # 547, Muwatta Maalik # 48 (Jihad),
Musnad Ahmad 3. 263.
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It is also wrong for anyone to say to another 'Bismillah" when he invites him to eat or to
step forward instead of, 'Please, have some food,' or, 'Please step ahead.'
Any kind of use of the words of the Quran in such a situation is wrong.
Moreover, Mulla Ali Qari said that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم did not cite reference from the
Quran when he recited the verse (17: 81) but obeyed Allah's command to say:
قُلْ جَاء الْحُقُّ وَزَهَقَ الْبَاطِلُ
{Say (O Muhammad) that (the religion of) Truth has come (to prevail) and falsehood
has vanished away.} (12: 81)
In the same, he said (رَبِّ زِ فنى : علما) in obedience to Allah's command:
وَقُلُ رَّتٍّ زِدْنِ عِلُمَّا - (ظه ١١٣:٢٠)
{And say: "My Lord! Increase me in knowledge."} (20: 114)
In Short, every such quotation that is known from the Prophet صلى اللهعليهوسلم was spoken only
in obedience to a Divine command. And, it is mustahab (desirable).
PROPHET صلى الله عليه وسلم COMMENCED BATTLE AT THE TIME OF ZUHR
(٣٩٣٢) وَعَنِ التُّعُمَّانِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ قَالَ شَهِدْتُ الْقِتَالَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَكَانَ إِذَا
لَمْ يُقَاتِلُ القِتَالَ أَوَّلَ النَّهَارِ إِنْتَظَرَ حَتّى تَهُتَّ الْأَرْوَاءُ وَتَحْضُرَ الصَّلَاةُ - (رواه البخاری)
3932. Sayyiduna Numan Ibn Muqarrin «s », said, I participated in battle (s) with
Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم. When he did not commence fighting at the
beginning of the day (for some reason), he waited till the winds blew and the time
of Salah (prayer) (of Zuhr) was at hand.1
COMMENTARY: The hadith explain that fighting in a battle may be deffered till the hour
of Zuhr (salah (prayer)) if it was not begin in the morning.
It seems that conditions and reasoning dictated the hour of beginning of fighting, It could
begin early morning or after declension of the sun at Zuhr.
SECTION II
الفضلُ الثَّانِى
BATTLE BEGINS AFTER DECLINE OF SUN
(٣٩٣٣) عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ مُقَرٍِّ قَالَ شَهِدْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَكَانَ إِذَا لَمْ يُقَاتِلُ
أَقَّلَ النَّهَارِ إِنْتَظَرَ حَتَّى تَزُوُلَ الشَّمْسُ وَتَهُبَّ الرِّيَاءُ وَيَنْزِلَ النَّصْرُ- (رواه ابوداود)
3933. Sayyiduna Numan Ibn Muqarrin 4.s & », said, I participated (in battle) with
Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم. When he did not commence fighting at the
beginning of the day, he waited till the sun had passed the meridian, the winds
blew and (Divine) help came down."2
(That was after the salah (prayer) of Zuhr when Muslims prayed for them.)
1 Bukhari # 3160.
2 Tirmidhi # 1613 (1619), Abu Damid # 2655, Musnad Ahmad 5. 444 Bukhari # 3160.

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THE PROPHET'S صلى الله عليه وسلم HOURS OF COMMENCING BATTLE
(٣٩٣٤) وَعَنْ قَتَادَةً عَنِ النُّعْمَانٍ بُنِ مُقَرِّنٍ قَالَ غَزَّوْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَكَانَ إِذَا
طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ أَهْسَكَ حَتَى تَظْلُغَ الشَّمْسُ فَإِذَا طَلَّعَتْ قَاتَلَ فَإِذَا نُتَصَفَ النَّهَارُ أَنْسَكَ حَتَّى تَزُوُلَ الشَّمْسُ
فَإِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَاتَلَ حَتَّى الْعَضْرِ ثُؤَّ أَمْسَكَ حَتَّى يُعَلّى الْعَصْرَ ثُؤَّ يُقَاتِلُ قَالَ قَتَادَةُ كَانَ يُقَالُ عِنْدَ
زُلِكَ تَيْجُ رِيَاءُ النَّصْرِ وَيَدْعُو الْمُؤْمِنُونَ لِجُوُشِهِمْ فِى صَلَاتِمُ - (رواه الترمذى)
3934. Sayyiduna Qatadah reported that (Sayyiduna) Numan Ibn Muqarrin narrated:
"I participated with Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم in the battles, When it was dawn,
he waited till the sun rose. When the sun had risen, he began fighting. At the
declination of the sun, he creased (fighting), till the sun had passed the meridian.
When the sun passed over the meridian, he resumed fighting till Asr (afternoon)
when he ceased fighting till he had offered the (salah (prayer) of) Asr. Then he
resumed fighting."
Qatadah said that it was said about this hour the helping winds blew and the
believers made supplication in their salah (prayer) for their armies.1
(It is prayers after the salah (prayer), or within the salah (prayer) like the qunoot
about which ahadith are narrated.)
SPECIFIC INSTRUCTION TO THE WARRIORS
(٣٩٣٥) وَعَنْ عِقَامِ بِ الْمُزَنِيْ قَالَ بَعَثَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي سَرِيَّةٍ فَقَالَ إِذَا رَأَيْتُمْ مَسْجِدًا
اوُسَمِعْتُمْ مُؤَذِّنًا فَلَا تَقْتُلُؤْا آخَدَّ- (رواه الترمذى وابوداؤد)
3935. Sayyiduna Isam Muzani us a +, narrated that Allah's Messenger sent them
(for jihad (crusade)) in a detachment and instructed them, "When you see a mosque
(at a place) or hear a muaddhin (call the adhan), do not kill anyone (there)."2
COMMENTARY: When you see any of the symbol of islam in word or deeds do not kill
anyone till it is clear to you who the believer is and who the unbeliever.
SECTION III
الفَضلُ الثَّالِثُ
KHALID'S LETTER TO THE IRANIAN LEADER
(٣٩٣٦) عَنْ آَنٍ وَائِلٍ قَالَ كَتَبَ خَالِدُ بنُّ الْوَلِيْدِ إِلى أَهْلٍ فَارِسَ بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيُمِ مِنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ
الْوَلِيْدِ إِلَى رُسْتَمَ وَمِهْرَانَ فِي مَلَأِ فَارِي سَلَامْ عَلى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدُى آَمَا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّا نَدُ مُوْكُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ
فَإِْ ابَيْتُمْ فَأَعُْوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ وَأَنْتُمُ صَاغِرُوْتَ فَإِنَّ مَعِى قَوْمًا يُحِبُّونَ الْقَتْلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِگِمَا
يُحِبُّ فَارِسُ الْحُمْرَ وَالسَّلَّامُ عَلى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدى- (رواه فى شرح السنة)
3936. Sayyiduna Abu Wail رضى الله عنه narrated that (Sayyiduna) Khalid Ibn Walid
wrote (a letter) to the people of Iran (meaning to their chief and leader):
1 Tirmidhi # 1612 (1618)
2 Tirmidhi # 9549, Abu Dawud # 2635.

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بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيُمِ
"In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. From Khalid Ibn Walid to
Rustum and Mihran, among the cream of Persia (Iran).
Peace be to those who follow the guidance! To proceed! We invite you to (accept)
Islam. If you do not accept, then pay the jizyah (as disgraced people) by your hands
while you are humbled. If you refuse (to pay jizyah), then I have with me such
people as love to be killed in Allah' path just as the Persians love wine (and be lost
in intoxication). And , peace be to those who follow the guidance."1
CHAPTER - V
FIGHTING IN JIHAD (CRUSADE)
بَابُ الْقِتَالِ فِى الْجِهَادِ
This chapter contains those ahadith in which the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم has encouraged
participation in jihad (crusade) and enumerated merits and reward of that.
SECTION I
بَابُ الْقِتالِ فى الْجِهَادِ
MARTYR'S DESTINATION IS PARADISE
(٣٩٣٧) عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَجُلْ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَّ أُحُدٍ أَرَ آَيْتَ إِنْ قُتِلْتُ فَأَيْنَ أَنَا قَالَ فِي
الْجُنَّةِ فَأَ لْقَى تَمَرَاتٍ فِي يَدِهِ ثُمَّ قَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ- (متفق عليه)
3937. Sayyiduna Jabir رضى الله عنه narrated that a man asked the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم on
the day of uhud (in the battlefield), "What do you say if I am killed, where shall I
be?" He said, "In paradise". He threw away the few dates that he had in his hand
and (plunged among the enemy and) fought till he was killed."2
NATURE OF JOURNEY NOT DISCLOSED TILL LAST
(٣٩٣٨) وَعَنْ كَعْبٍ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ لَمْ يَكُنْ تَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُرِيْدُ غَزْوَةً إِلَّ وَرُّى
بِغَيْرِهَا حَتَّى كَانَتْ تِلْكَ الْغَزْوَةُ يَعْنِيُ غَزْوَةً تَبُوْكَ غَزَاهَا رَسُوْلُ اللّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي حَرِّشَدِيْدٍ
وَاسْتَقْبَلَ سَفَّرًا بَعِيْدٌ وَمَفَّارًا وَعَدُوًّا كَثِيْرًا فَجَلَّى لِلْمُسْلِمِيْنَ آَمَرَ هُمْ لِيَتَأَ هَبُوْا أُهْبَةَّ غَزْوِهِمُ فَأَخْبَرَ هُمْ
پِوَجُهِهِ الَّذِى يُرِيدُ-(رواه البخارى)
صلى narrated that when ever Allah' Messenger رضى الله عنه Sayyiduna Kab Ibn Maalik .3938
tleà intended to go to battle, he (did not disclose the destination but) appeared to
be going elsewhere till it was that battle, meaning the battle of tabuk. Allah's
Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم set out for it in severe heat, having a long journey ahead
through desert land and against countless number (this time, therefore.) he let the
muslim know clearly what they were expected to do so that they might prepare the
1 Sharh ul Sunnah (Prophet's صلى الله عليه وسلم practice).
2 Bukhari # 4046, Muslim # 43. 1899, Nasai # 3145, Musnad Ahmad 3-408.

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equipment for their battle. So he informed them where he intended to go.1
COMMENTARY: The Arabic word (s))) (warra) or (a)}) (tawriyah) means to conceal the
real objective and to allude to a different intention. So, as a battle maneuver, he did not
disclose the destination but let it be surmised where he was going. These tactics were
employed to keep of war maneuvers are very necessary to win battle and are part of battle
strategy the world over. This is why Islam says:
اَلُرُبُ خُدُعَةٌ
(War is Deception)2
Thereby it allows use of war strategy and maneuver. Thus, This tactic of the Prophet and
jule was also a form of deceiving yet he never opted for it in clear outright words but
alluded to it in figurative speech. When he intended to go to battle, through he did not
name the place yet he never gave another name for that would be falsehood.
Kab Ibn Maalik us +, referred to it as that battle. He spoke of the Battle of Tabuk which has
a deep connection with him as is very well known. Kab Ibn Maalik us ant +, did not himself
participate in this battle. This thing is famous and is also mentioned in the Noble Quran.
The distance covered for the battle of Tabuk was very long. Tabuk is a place between Damascus
(in Syria) and Madinah on the latitude of Khaybar and al-Bilad. It was fourteen manzil (stages)
from Madinah in those days. By today's standard it is about 425 miles from Madinah.
During his lifetime the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم took part in certain battles. The Battle of Tabuk
in 9 AH was his last battle. The Sahabah (Prophet's Companions) ( an >, faced heavy
hardships and many difficulties during this battle.
WAR IS DECEPTION
(٣٩٣٩) وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْحُرُبُ خُدُعَةٌ - (متفق عليه)
3939. Sayyiduna Jabir رضى الله عنه narrated that Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said "War
is deception.3
COMMENTARY: In battle, more than numbers, tactics pay off. A shrewd commander can
defeat a larger army by his strategies.
Through it is allowed to deceive the infidels in war yet some limits are defined so that
Islam's teachings of moral conduct are not violet. The first thing is that one should not
break a covenant or protection given to anyone.
The ulama (Scholars) have specified how the enemy may be deceived. For instance, it may
appear that the army is retreating or has halted hostilities, but suddenly they may take the
enemy unawares and launch an attack into enemy ranks.
However, the words of the hadith (1) could also mean war is unpredictable. So it
deceives meaning one army may seem to have an upper hand but suddenly falls apart and
. is defeated. The results take a summersault.
.
1 Bukhari # 4418, Muslim # 53-569, Musnad Ahmad 3. 406.
2 See hadith #3939. (Tirmidhi # 1681).
3 Bukhari #3030, Muslim # 17-1739, Abu Dawud #2636, Tirmidhi # 1675 (1681) Musnad Ahmad 3.
408.

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WOMEN BEING TAKEN ALONG IN JIHAD (CRUSADE)
1
(٣٩٤٠) وَعَنْ آَنَّسٍ قَالَ كَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَغُزُوْ بِأُمِ سُلَيْمٍ وَنِسْوَةٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ مَعَهُ إِذَا
غَزًا يَسْقِيْنَ الْمَاءِ وَيُدَاوِيْنَ الجَرْخى- (رواه مسلم)
3940. Sayyiduna Anas رضى الله عنه said that when Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم went
on Jihad (crusade), he took (Sayyiduna) Umm Sulaym ue als», and some women
of the ansars with him who provided water and tended the wounded (warriors)
when he fought.1
COMMENTARY: It is allowed to take along old women on an expedition to provide water
to the warriors and to tend to the wounded among them.
If any of the warriors wishes to take along a spouse to have sexual intercourse then it is
better to take a female slave with him than his wife. (This command applied when it was
permitted to keep a female slave with whom sexual intercourse could be had.)
(٣٩٤١) وَعَنْ أُمِّ عَطِيَّةً قَالَتُ غَزَوْتُ مَعَ رَسُوْلٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَبْعَ غَزْوَاتٍ آَخْلُفُهُمْ فِيْ رِحَالِهِمْ
فَأَصْنَهُ لَهُمُ الطّعَامَ وَأُدَاوِى الْجُرْخِى وَأَقُوْمُ عَلَى الْمَرْضى - (رواه مسلم)
3941. Sayyidah Umm Atiyah Q &o, said that she had participated with Allah's
Messenger in seven battles. She used to stay behind (the warriors in their camps)
and she cooked food for them, tended the wounded and cared for the sick.2
WOMEN & CHILDREN OF THE ENEMY
(٣٩٤٢) وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ حُمَرَ قَالَ تَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ قَتْلِ النِّسَاءِ وَالصِّبْيَانِ-
(متفق عليه)
صلى الله عليه narrated that Allah's Messenger رضى الله عنه Sayyiduna Abdullah Ibn Umar .3942
, forbade the killing of women and children.3
COMMENTARY: It is stated in the Hidayah that women, children, blind and decrepit and'
infirm men should not be killed. If a boy or a madman are engaged in fighting then they
may be killed. A queen may be killed and so a boy who is king or chief. If an enemy's king
or chief is killed then they are disgraced, so it is proper to kill them.
(٣٩٤٣) وَعَنِ الشَّعْبٍ بُنِ جََّامَةً قَالَ سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ آَهْلِ الدِّيَّارِ يُبَيِّئُوُنْ مِنَّ
الْمُشْرِكِيْنَ فَيُصَابُ مِنْ نِسَائِهِمْ وَذَرَارِيْهِمْ قَالَ هُمْ مِنْهُمُ وَفِى رِوَايَةٍ هُمْ مِنْ ابَآنِهِمُ - (متفق عليه)
3943. Sayyiduna Sab ibn Jaththamah we &no, narrated that someone asked Allah's
Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم about those women and children of the polytheists who were
(In their homes and) killed when their habitations were attacked at night. He said.
1 Muslim # 135. 1810, Tirmidhi # 1575, Abu Dawud # 2531.
2 Muslim # 146. 1812 Ibn Majah 2856, Musnad Ahmad 4. 407.
3 Bukhari # 3075, Muslim # 27. 1743.

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"They are among them."
According to a version: "They are as their fathers."1
COMMENTARY: Women and childrens may not be kilied in jihad (crusade) deliberately. But,
if they are killed incidentally then it is not possible to pick them out from their fighting men.
TREES OF THE ENEMY
(٣٩٤٤) وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَاََّ رَسُوْلَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَطَعَ تَخْلَ بَنِى النَّضِيْرِ وَحَرَّقَ وَلَهَا يَقُولُ حَسَّارْ
3944. Sayyiduna Ibn Umar رضى الله عنه narrated that Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم (had)
the palm trees of the Banu Nadir cut down and burnt. Hassan (ibn Thabit)
composed this complete about it.
حَرِيْقٌ بِالْبُوَيْرَةِ مُسْتَطِيْرٌ
وَهَاتَ عَلَى سَرَاءِ بَنِى لُوَيٍّ
(It was easy to burn down the scattered Buwayrah on the chiefs of Banu liuayy.)
Also this veirse was revealed about it:
وَفِي ذَلِكَ نَّزَلَتْ - مَا قَطَعْتُمْ مِنْ لِّيْنَةٍ أَوْ تَرَكْتُمُوْهَا قَائِمَةً عَلى أُصُولِهَا فَبِإِذْنِ اللّهِ متفقعليه.
{Whatever palm trees you cut down, or left standing upon their roots, it was by
Allah's leave.)(59: 5)2
COMMENTARY: When the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم emigrated to Madinah from Makkah,he
had to cope with the jews here. three tribes of the jews resided here: Banu Nadir, Banu
Qurayzah Banu Qaynqa. The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم concluded a mutual covenant with them
covering significant social and economic aspects, to live together in a friendly atmosphere.
The jews were given equal rights as citizens and were allowed to practice their religion.
However, the Jews were not faithful to their pledge. In fact, the Banu Nadir conspired to
kill the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم but Allah made their evil designs known to him through a
revelation. So, they were expelled from Madinah and sent to Khaybar. Their gardens of
palm trees were burned down and houses were demolished.
Luayy was a descendant of Nadr Ibn Kinanah who was an ancestor of the Prophet ,le ano
.Banu Luayy refers to the nobles of the Quraysh who were the Sahabah (Prophet's
Companions) رضى الله عنهم of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم and had accompanied him to Madinah
when he emigrated to it.
Burayrah was the place where the Jews had their gardens.
When the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم instructed that their gardens should be burned down, they
protested, "you forbid that mischief should be committed on earth, then why do you do
it?"So, the verse of the Quran (59: 5) was revealed confirming the Prophet's ,,ledno action.
ALLOWED TO CATCH THE ENEMY UNAWARES
(٣٩٤٥) وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللـه بُنِ عَوْنٍ أَثَّ نَافِعَّا كَتَّبَ إِلَيْهِ يُخْبِرُهُ أَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ آَخْبَرَةُ أَكَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ
عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ آغَارَ عَلَى بَنِى الْمُصْطَلِقِ غَارِ يُنَ فِيْ نِعَمِهِمْ بِالْمُرَيْسِيُعْ فَقَتَلَ الْمُقَاتِلَةَ وَسِى الذُّرِيَّةَ- (متفق عليه)
1 Bukhari # 3012, Muslim # 26. 1745 Trimidhi # 1570, Abu Dawud # 2072, Ibn Majad # 2839.
2 Bukhair # 4031, Muslim # 30-1746, Tirmidhi # 1552 (1557), Abu dawud # 2615, Ibn Majah #
2844,Darimi # 2460,Musnad Ahmed 2-8

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3945. Sayyiduna Abdullah Ibn Awn رضى الله عنه reported that Nafi رضى الله عنه (the freedman
of Ibn Umar رضى الله عنه) wrote to him telling him that Ibn Umar رضى الله عنه had informed
him that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم had attacked the Banu Mustaliq who were cought
unawares among their grazing animals at Muraysi. He killed the fighting men and
took the (women and ) children captives.1 &2
COMMENTARY: The Banu Mustaliq were a branch of the tribe Khuza. Muraysi is a place
between Makkah and Madinah over 70 miles from Madinah. It was a watering place with
plenty of water. The Banu Mustaliq had control over it.
Their fighting men included those who were able to fight, sane and adults. And the
dhurriyah were the women and children.
This hadith is evidence that it is allowed to launch a sudden attack on the enemy when
they are heedless. They may be killed and their women, children and properties may be
taken over as spoils of wars.
A WAR STRATEGY
(٣٩٤٦) وَعَنْ أَبٍ أُسَيْدٍ آَكَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَنَّا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ حِيْنَّ صَفَّفْنَا لِقُرَيْشٍ وَصَفُّوْا لَنَا إِذَا
أَكْثَبُوْكُمْ فَعَلَيْكُمْ بِالنَّبْلِ وَفِيْ رِوَايَةٍ إِذَا أَكْثَبُوْكُمْ فَارْ مُؤْهُمُ وَاسْتَبَقُوا تَبْلَّكُمُ - رَوَاءُ الْبُخَارِىُّ وَحَدِئْتُ
سَعْدٍ هَلْ تُنْصَرُوْنَ سَتَذْكُرُ فِى بَابٍ فَضْلِ الْمُقَرَاءِ وَحَدِيْثُ الْبَرَاءِ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ
رَهُطَّا فِعْ بَابِ الْمُعْجِزَاتِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعالی۔
3946. Sayyiduna Abu Usayd رضى الله عنه narrated: The Prophet صلى اللهعليه وسلم instructed us
on the day of badr when we formed ranks against the Quraysh and they formed
ranks against us. "When they come nearer to you (within range of your arrows ),
shoot arrows at them."
According to a version: "When they come nearer to you, shoot at them, but do not
use up all your arrows.(Keep some available to you.)3
وَحَدِيْتُ سَعْدٍ هَلْ تُنْصُرُوْنَ سَتَذْ كُرُ فِيْ بَابٍ فَضْلِ الْفُقَرَاءِ وَحَدِيْتُ الْبَرَاءِ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ
عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَهْطَافِي بَابٍ الْمُعْجِزَاتِ إِنْ شَآءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالى-
The hadith of Sa'd was>, (Are you helped ' ... )we shall narrate against#5232.
And of Bara رضى الله عنه (Allah's Messenger رضى الله عنه dispatched a detachment ... )
against # 5876.
SECTION II
الفَصلُ الثَّانِى
FORMING RANKS ON THE BATTLEFIELD
(٣٩٤٧) عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحُمْنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ قَالَ عَبَّانًا النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِبَدٍُ لَيْلًا-(رواه الترمذى)
1 Bukhair# 254, iviuslim#71. 1730,Abu Dawud#2633, Musnad Ahmed # 2-31.
2 See also the life of Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم (Ibn Khaybar) p 456 (Darul Isha'at Karachi)
There were amassing of their troops.
3 Bukhair# 2900.

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صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "The Prophet رضى الله عنه Sayyiduna Abdur Rehman Ibn Awf .3947
mobilized us on the night of Badr."1 (The Arabic word is (utc) abbana )
COMMENTARY: The Arabic word means 'to prepare'. Hence, before the battle of Badr
began, the Prophet ,,le in mobilized the sahabah in the night by equipping them with
arms, arranging their rows and positioning everyone of them at a strategic post.
DISTINGUISHING MARK OF WARRIORS
(٣٩٤٨) وَعَنِ الْمُهَلَّبِ أَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِكْ بَيَّتَّكُمُ الْعَدُوُّ فَلْيَكُنُ شِعَارُ كُمْ خَرّ
لَا يُنصَرُؤت - (رواه الترمذى وابو داؤد)
3948. Sayyiduna Muhallab رضى الله عنه said that Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said (at
the battle of Trenches ), "If the enemy attacks you at night, your code words should
be Haa Meem Laa Yunsarun (Haa Meem, they will not be helped)"2
COMMENTARY: It is common practice with every army that they have cord words or
signs by which their warriors recognize each other. The .commander tells them of it
beforehand. The war cry or the code words in the battle of trenches meant 'O Revealer of
Haa Meem, let not the enemy be helped.'
(٣٩٤٩) وَعَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنُّدُبٍ قَالَ كَانَ شِعَارُ الْمُهَاجِرِيْنَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَشِعَارُ الْأَنْصَارِ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمنِ- (رواه ابوداؤد)
3949. Sayyiduna Samurah Ibn Jundub as an>, said that the code words (or war cry)
of the Muhajirs (emigrants) was Abdullah and of the ansars Abdur Rahman (in one
of the battles).3
(٣٩٥٠) وَعَنْ سَلَمَةَ بُنِ الْأَكْوَءِ قَالَ غَزَوْنَامَةَ آَبٍ بَكْرٍ فِي زَمَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَجَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَبَيَّتْنَا هُمْ
نَقْتُلُهُمْ وَ كَانَ شِعَارِ نَاتِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ آَمِتٌ آمِتُ- (رواه ابوداؤد)
3950. Sayyiduna Salamah Ibn Akwa 4.s &n +, said, "We proceeded to a battle under
Abu Bakr رضى الله عنه in the time of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم (against the enemy ).We
attacked them by night and killed them. Our code words on That night were: Amit,
amit! (Kill! Kill!)"4
NO SHOUTING
(٣٩٥١) وَعَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ عُبَادٍ قَالَ كَانَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولٍ لِلّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَكْرَهُوْنَ الشَّوْتَ عِنْدَ
الْقِتَالِ-(رواهابوداؤد)
3951. Sayyiduna Qays Ibn ubad w &~, said that the sahabah of Allah's Messenger
5.(did not like shouting while fighting (except calling Allah's name رضى الله عنه
1 Tirimidhi#1677(1683).
2 Tirimidhi # 1682, Abu Dawud # 2597, Musnad Ahmed 4-65.
3 Abu Dawud#2595.
4 Abu Dawud#2638, Musnad Ahmed 4-46.
5 Abu Dawud#2656.
1

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COMMENTARY: Generally the warriors raise hue and cry on the battle-field, but the Sahabah
(Prophet's Companions) رضى اللهعنهم refrained from that. They only called for Allah's help.
KILL THE OLD BUT SPARE CHILDREN OF ENEMY
(٣٩٥٢) وَعَنْ سَمُرَةً بْنِ جُنْدُبٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ اقْتُلُوا شُوَُّ المُشْرِكِيْنَ وَاسْتَحْيُوْا
شَرُحَهُمْ آَیُ صِبْيَانَهُمُ-(رواه الترمذى وابوداؤد)
صلی الله عليه وسلم narrated that the Prophet رضى الله عنه Sayyiduna Samurah ibn Jundub .3952
said. "Kill the old men of the polytheists (who are enemies) but let off their children.1
COMMENTARY: The old men could be the youth who are older than the children, or the
strong fighting aged, as strong as youth. But, old infirm men must be spared except those
aged who share their experience with their army. It is allowed to kill them.
ALLOWED TO PUT ENEMY PROPERTIES AND FIELDS ON FIRE.
(٣٩٥٣) وَعَنْ عُرُوَةَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِيْ أُسَامَةُ أَثَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَتَ عَهِدَ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ أَغِرُ عَلى
اُبنى صباحًا وَحَرِّقُ-(رواهابوداؤد)
3953. Sayyidina Urwah صلى الله عليه وسلم said "Usamah رضى الله عنه narrated to me that Allah's
Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم had instructed him (when he had sent him on an expedition),
Attack Ubna in the morning and burn the place (like horses, fields, trees of the enemy)2
COMMENTARY: Ubna is a place in Syria, Usamah ibn Zayd ws dl», was sent there as
commander of the Muslim army. It is allowed to devastate enemy land and all kind
of their property.
ATTACK ENEMY WHEN HE IS VERY NEAR
(٣٩٥٤) وَعَنْ آَتِيٍ أُسَيْدٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ بَدٍُ إِذَا أَكْثَبُوكُمْ فَارْمُؤْهُمُ وَلَّا
تَُلُّوا الُهُوْفَ حَتَّىيَغُْوَكُمْ۔ (رواهابوداؤد)
3954. Sayyiduna Abu Usayd صلى الله عليه وسلم narrated that on the day of Badar Allah's
Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "When they (the enemy) are near you, shoot arrows at
them, but do not unsheathe your swords till they are very close to you.3
DO NOT KILL LABOURERS OF ENEMY
(٣٩٥٥) وَعَنْ رَبَاحِ بُنِ الرَّبِيُعِ قَالَ كُتَّامَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي غَزْوَةٍ فَرَأَى النَّاسَ مُجْتَمِعِيْنَ
عَلَى شَىْءٍ فَبَعَثَ رَجُلًا فَقَالَ انْظُرُ عَلَى مَا اجْتَمَةَ هَؤُ لَاء فَجَاء فَقَالَ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ قَتِيْلٍ فَقَالَ مَا كَانَتُ هُذِهِ
لِتُقَاتِلَ وَعَلَى الْمُقَدَّمَةِ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيْدِ فَبَعَثَ رَجُلًا فَقَالَ قُلُ ◌ِخَالِدٍ لَا تَقْتُلِ امْرَأَةً وَلَّا عَسِيْقًا-(رواه ابوداؤد)
3955. Sayyiduna Rabah ibn Rabi wein+, narrated: We were with Allah's Messenger
1 Tirmidhi# 1883,Abu Dawud # 2680, Musnad Ahmad 5-12.
2 Abu Dawud 2612, Ibu Majah # 2843, Musnad Ahmad 5-205.
3 Abu Dawud # 2684.

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in a battle. He saw some people gathered (at a place) near something. So صلى الله عليه وسلم
he sent a man, saying, "See around what have they gathered." He came back and
said, Around a woman who is killed." He asked, She was not fighting (then why
was she killed)?"Khalid ibn Walid صلى الله عليه وسلم was the commander of the forward
bloc. He sent that man to instruct him not to Kill any woman or a labourer.1
COMMENTARY: The labourer who is brought to the battle field not to fight but to serve
and do miscellaneous work should not be killed.
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE WARRIORS
(٣٩٥٦) وَعَنْ آَنَسٍ أَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ انْطَلِقُوْا بِسْمِ اللهِ وَبِاللَّهِ وَعَلَى مِنَّةِ رَسُولٍ
اللَّهِ لَا تَقْتُلُواشَيْئًا فَانِيًّا وَلَا ◌ِفْلًا صَغِيْرًا وَلَا امْرَأَةً وَلَا تَخُلُّوْا وَضُقُوا غَنَائِمَُمُ وَ أَصْلِحُوْا وَأَحْسِنُوا
فَإَِّ اللَّه ◌ُحِبُّ الْمُحُسِنِيْنَ- (رواه ابوداود)
3956. Sayyiduna Anas رضى الله عنه narrated that Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said (to
the warriors going to battle),"Go with the name of Allah, with Allah's help and
enablement and on the religion of Allah! (Remember!) Do not kill a decrepit old
man or a little child or a woman. Do not commit treachery with the spoils but
collect your spoils. And keep good ties mutually (or, Keep your affairs correct; or,
if expedient, make peace with the enemy). Be Kind to each other, for, indeed, Allah
loves the good-doers.2
COMMENTARY: The old man should be spared but if he has fighting ability or is an asset
to the enemy as a commander or adviser then he may be done away with.
Similarly, a child is spared unless he is the king or chief of his people, or takes part in battle
in any of the roles possible.
So, too, the woman who is not killed is one who has no part in the battle. But, if she is a
queen or an adviser then she should be put to death.
MAKKANS THREW CHALLENGE TO DUEL AT BADR
(٣٩٥٧) وَمَنُ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ تَقَدَّمَ عُثْبَةُ بْنُ رَبِيْعَةً وَتَبِعَهُ ابْنُهُ وَ آَخُوُهُ فَنَادَى مَنْ يُبَارِزُ
فَانْتَدَبَ لَهِ شَبَابٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَ مَنْ آَنْتُمْ فَاخْبَرُوُهُ فَقَالَ لَا حَاجَةً لَّنَا فِيُكُمُ إِنَّمَا آَرَدْنَا بَنِ عَمِّنًا فَقَالَ
رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قُرْ يَا حَمْزَةُ قُهُ يَا عَلِيُّ قُرْ يَا عُبَيْدَةُ بنُّ الْحَارِثِ فَأَقْبَلَ حَمْزَةٌ إِلَى عُتْبَةً
وَأَقْبَلْتُ إِلَى شَيْبَةً وَ اخْتَلَفَ بَيْنَ عُبَيْدَةً وَالْوَلِيْدِ ضَرُبَتَانٍ فَأَثْخَنَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ ثُقَّ مِلْنَا عَلَى
الْوَلِيْدِ فَقَتَلْنَاهُ وَاحْتَمَلُنَا عُبَيْدَةً- (رواه احمد وابوداؤد)
3957. Sayyiduna Ali us a+, narrated that at the Battle of Badr, Utbah ibn Rabiah
stepped forward. Then his son and his brother (Shaybah ibn Rabiah) followed
him. He cried loudly. "Who will have a duel (with us)?" Many young men of the
1 Abu Dawud # 2669, MASNAD Ahmad 3-88.
2 Abu Dawud # 2614.

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ansar stepped forward (to take up the challenge). He asked, "Who are you ?" They
informed him (that they were the ansar of Madinah).He shouted, "We have no
need of you. We only intend to face (our cousins) the sons of our paternal uncle
(meaning, the Quraysh Muslims who have emigrated from Makkah)".So, Allah's
Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said "Arise Hamzah! Arise Ali ! Arise Ali! Arise ubaydah
ibn Harith!" Hamzah رضى الله عنه met Utbah. Ali رضى الله عنه met Shaybah. (They Killed
the two infidels.). Two blows were exchanged between Ubaydah Le al +, and Walid
رضى الله عنه and Ali رضى الله عنه and each wounded the other severely. So, they (Hamzah
went to Walid and made short work of him and carried away Ubaydah us also,
(out of the battle field).1
ALLOWED TO RETREAT TO GET REINFORCEMENT
(٣٩٥٨) وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ بَعَثَّنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِيْ سَرِيَّةٍ فَحَاصّ النَّاسُ حَيْصَةٌ فَأَتَيْنَا
الْمَدِيْنَةَ فَاخْتَفَيْنَا بِهَا وَ قُلْنَا مَلَكُنَا تُؤَّ أَتَيْنَا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُلْنَا يَارَسُوْلَ اللَّهِ تَحْنُ
الْفَزَّارُونَ قَالَ بَلْ آَنْتُمُ الْعَكَّرُونَ وَآَنَّا فِتَتُّكُمْ ـ رَوَاهُ التِّزْمِذِىُّ وَفِيْ رِوَايَةٍ آَبِيْ دَاوُدَ وَقَالَ لَّا بَلُ أَنْتُمُ
الْعَكَّارُ ونَ قَالَ فَدَنَّوْنَا فَتَقَبَّلْنَا يَدَهُ فَقَالَ آَنَافِئَةُ الْمُسْلِمِيْنَ وَسَنَذْ كُرُ حَدِيْثَ أُمَّيَّةٌ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ كَاكَ
يَسْتَفْتِمُ وَحَدِيْثُ آبىِ الدَّرْدَاءِ آَبْغُوْنِ فِيْ ضُعَقَائِكُمْ فِيْ بَابٍ فَضْلِ الْمُقَرَآء إِنْ شَاء اللّهُ تَعَالى-
3958. Sayyiduna Ibn Umar رضى الله عنه narrated Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم sent us on
an expedition. (on reaching there) the people turned their backs. On coming to
Madinah, we were ashamed and concealed ourselves (in our homes). "We are
mined" (because of pretreatment and the incumbent sin). We met Allah's
Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم and submitted, "O Messenger of Allah, we are deserters." He
said, "No, you are contenders (who will attack again). I am your helper." In another
version the words are: "Rather you are the contenders who will launch the attack a
fresh. So, they came near (him and kissed his hand he said "I am (by myself) a
Muslim army."2
COMMENTARY: The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم assured his Sahabah (Prophet's Companions)
pie in », that since they had retreated because of their weaker strength and intended to get
reinforcement before returning to the battlefield, they had committed no sin.
He declared himself a full-fledged section (or community) because of his greatness and
blessing. It is as the Quran says of Prophet Ibrahim a> Jingle:
إِثَّ إِبْرَاهِيْمَ كَاتَ أُقَّةًّ
{surely Ibrahim was an Ummah) (16: 120) (a whole community in himself).
He hereby pointed out to his being a source at strength and light for the Muslims.They got
their help from him.
1 Abu Dawud # 2665, Musand Ahmad 1-117.
2 Tirmidhi #1716 (1722) , Abu Dawud # 2647, Musnad Ahmad 2-111.

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وَسَتَذْكُرُ حَدِيْثُ أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ كَانَ يَسْتَفْتِمُ وَحَدِيْثُ آبيِ الدَّرْدَاءِ آَبُغُوُنِ فِيْ ◌ُعَقَائِكُمُ فِيْ بَابٍ فَضْلٍ
الْفُقَرَآءِ إِنْ شَآءَ اللهُ تَعَالى
We shall reproduced the hadith of Ummayah Ibn Abdullah As an+, at #5247. And of Abu
Darda رضى الثم عنه at # 5246 (respectively (كان يستفتِخ) he asked for help and (ْانغزنی فی ضعفانگم) look for
me among your weak).
SECTION III
1
الفَضْلُ الثَّالِثُ
USE OF CATAPULT AT BATTLE OF TAIF
(٣٩٥٩) عَنْ ثَوْ بَانَ بُنِ يَزِيْدَآَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَصَبَ المَنْجَنِيْقَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الَّائِفِ.
(رواه الترمذى مرسلا)
صلى اللهعليه وسلم said that at the battle of taif the prophet رضى الله عنه Thawban Ibn Yazid .3959
set up catapults (to attack its people).1
[.رضى الله عنه The Arabic Mishkat hasit from Thawr Ibn Yazid]
COMMENTARY: The ancient weapon catapult may be said to be like today's cannon.
Stones were hurled at fortresses after they were besieged.
Ta'if is a large city of the Hijaz even today. It is between 40 and 45 miles from Makkah to its
south-east However till recently there was no direct road to it. It can be reached after going
round mountains and in this way it is 85 miles from Makkah. This road also leads to Mina
and Arafat. The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم had gone to Taif by this road when he had propagated
Islam there. That place was Mathnah which is the original Ta'if. There are two gardens
each having a small Mosque, Masjid Ali and Al-Jatha, the valley Awj separates them. It is
presumed that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم had set up the catapults against Ta'if here.
صلى اللهعليه وسلم Tirmidhi in a mursal form Siratun Nabi (Numani) English translation life of the Prophet 1
VI p429. Tabain V3p1669 bydened, Tirmidhi #2771 (in notes to it from Thawr ibn Yazid)

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CHAPTER - VI
COMMANDS CONCERNING THE PRISONERS
SECTION I
يَابُ حُكْمِ الْأُسْرَاءِ
الفَضل الآوَلْ
DISBELIEVING PRISONERS WHO WILL ENTER PARADISE
(٣٩٦٠) عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةً عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ عَجِبَ اللّهُ مِنْ قَوْمٍ يُدْخَلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ فِي
1
السَّلَاسِلِ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ يُقَادُونَ إِلَى الْجُنَّةِ بِالسَّلَامِلِ- (رواه البخارى)
3960. Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah رضى الله عنه narrated that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said,
"Allah is pleased with those people who will enter paradise in fetters."
According to another version : " Who will be taken to paradise in fetters."1
COMMENTARY: The prisoners of war who are disbelievers are brought to Islamic state in
fetters. Then Allah causes them to believe and admits them to paradise. In this sense they
are said to have been admitted to paradise because of their fetters.
ENEMY'S SPY SHOULD BE KILLED
(٣٩٦١) وَعَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ قَالَ أَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَيْنْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِيْنَّ وَهُوَ فِيْ سَفَرٍ فَجَلَسَ
عِنْدَ أَصْحَابِهٍ يَتَحَدَّثُ ثُؤَّ انْفَتَلَ فَقَالَ النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اْلُبُوْهُ وَاقْتُلُوْهُ فَقَتَلْتُهُ فَتَقَّلَِّئْ سَلَبَهُ۔
(متفق عليه)
3961. Sayyiduna salamah ibn Akwa رضى الله عنه said, : A spy of the idolaters (enemy)
came to the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم while he was on a journey. He sat down with his
صلى الله عليه and then departed. The Prophet رضى الله عنهم (Sahabah (Prophet's Companions
, (learnt of it and) said (to me), 'Look for him and kill him.' So I killed him and
the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم let me keep the spoils taken from him."2
(٣٩٦٢) وَعَنْهُ قَالَ غَزَوْ نَامَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هَوَازِنَّ فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ نَتَضَّتِى مَةَ رَسُولِ اللُّهِ
صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذْجَاءَ رَجُلْ عَلَى جَمَلٍ أَحْمَرَ فَأَنَاخَهُ وَجَعَلَ يَنْظُرُ وَفِيْنَا ◌ُعْفَةٌ وَرِقَّةٌ مِنَّ الظَّهْرِ وَبَعْفُنَا
مُشَاةُ إِذْخَرَجَ يَشْتَدُّ فَآَتُ جَمَلَهُ فَأَثَارَهُ فَاشْتَدَّ بِهِ الْجَمَلُ فَخَرَجُتُ أَشْتَدُّ حَتَّى أَخَذْتُ بِخِظَامِ الْجَمَلِ فَأَنَخْتُهُ ثُمَّ
إِخْتََّظِتُ سَيْهِ فَضَرَبْتُ رَأْسَ الرَّجُلِ تُؤَّ جِئْتُ بِالْجَمَلِ آَقُؤْدُهُ وَعَلَيْهِ رِخُلُهُ وَسِلَاحُهُ فَاسْتَقْبَلَنِىْ رَسُولُ اللُّهِ
صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالنَّاسُ فَقَالَ مَنْ قَتَلَ الرَّجُلَ قَالُوْا ابْنُ الْأَكْوَعِ قَالَ لَهْ سَلَبُهُ أَجُمَعُ - (متفق عليه)
3962. Sayyiduna Salamah Ibn Akwa رضى الله عنه said, "We set out with Allah's
Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم to fight with the Hawazin (a branch of the tribe Qays). While
-
1 Bukhari # 3010, Abu Dawud # 2677, Musnad Ahmad 2. 302.
2 Bukhari #3051, Muslim #45. 1754, Abu Dawud #2653, Ibn Majah # 2836, Musnad Ahmad 4. 51.

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we were having our lunch in the forenoon with Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم a man
came on a red camel.( He seemed to be on an espionage mission for the enemy.) He
made the camel kneel and kept glancing here and there. We were in a weak
condition (very morn out). We had very few riding beasts and some of us were on
foot. He (observed us well and) suddenly rushed out to his camel (mounted it) and
rode away on it swiftly. I hastened out (from the people and pursued him ). I caught
the camel's nose-rein, made it kneel, drew my sword and hit the man's head with it.
(I killed him thereby.) Then, I led the camel (to the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم with his
saddle and weapons on it. Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم and the people received me
and he asked, ' Who killed the man?' They said, 'Ibn Akwa' . So he said 'Let him
keep all his spoils.'1
JUDGEMENT ABOUT TREACHEROUS JEWS
(٣٩٦٣) وَعَنْ أَلٍ سَعِيُّدِنِ الْخُدْرِيِّ قَالَ لَمَّانَزَلَتْ بَنُو قُرَيُظَّةً عَلى حُكُمٍ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى
اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَجَاءَ عَلَى حِمَارٍ فَلَمَّا دَنَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قُوْمُوْا إِلى سَيِّدِ كُمْ فَجَآءَ
فَجَلَسَ فِقَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِكَّ هُؤْلَاءِ تَزَلُوْا عَلى حُكُمِكَ قَالَ فَإِى أَحْكُمُ أَنْ تُقْتَلَ
الْمُقَاتِلَةُ وَأَنْ تُسْنِى الذُّرِيَّةُ قَالَ لَقَدٌ حَكَّمْتَ فِيْهِمْ بِحُكْمِ الْمَلِكِ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ مُحُدُمِ اللَّهِ- (متفق عليه)
3963. Sayyiduna Abu Sa'eed Khudri As a+, narrated that when the Banu Qurayzah
(Jews of Madinah) agreed to make Sa'd ibn Muadh us ano, the hakam (arbitrator to
decide their fate), Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم sent for him and he came on an ass.
As he approached, Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "Stand up in respect to (or, to
help) your chief." He came and sat down and Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said,
"These people have agreed to have you as their hakam." He said, "I decide that the
fighting men (among them) should be killed and their women and offspring should
be taken captives." He (the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم) said, " You have passed about them
a decision (like that) of a king."
According to another version: "A decision like that of Allah."2
COMMENTARY: Sayyiduna Sa'd ibn Muadh us ans», was a prominent, top ranking Sahabi
and a well-known Ansar. He was acknowledged as the chief of the ansar of Madinah.
Banu Qurayzah was a tribe of Madinah allied to sa'd As an >). Its Jews had his protection.
The Jews had infringed their agreement with the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم of which we have
spoken earlier. They began to conspire against the Muslims and to hurt them and Banu
Qurayzah did not lag behind in this regard.
In 5AH, after the battle of the Trenches, the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم decided in obedience to
Allah's command, to fight with them . He besieged them for twenty-five days when they
found no way out, they said that they surrendered to the decision of sa'd can>, about them.
They had hoped that he would favour them. But he judged according to what they deserved.
Nawawi cites this hadith to say that when a man of merit arrives, he should be respected
1 Bukhari # 3051, Muslim # 45. 1754, Abu Dawud # 2654.
2 Bukhari #3043, Muslim # 64. 1769, Musnad Ahmad 3. 22.
:

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and those present must standup for him. Most of the Ulama (Scholars) say the same thing.
Some ulama (Scholars), however, differ and say that sa'd we an+, had been wounded by an
arrow on his thigh in the battle of Trenches, so the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم instructed the
people to help him alight from the ass.
RULER OF YAMAMAH EMBRACED ISLAM
(٣٩٦٤) وَعَنْ آَيْ هُرَيْرَةً قَالَ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْلًا قِبَلَ نَجَدٍ فَجَاءَتْ بِرَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِى
حَذِيْفَةً يُقَالُ لَهِ ثُمَامَةُ بُنُّ آثَالٍ سَيِّدُ أَهْلِ الْتَمَامَةِ فَرَبَطُوْهُ بِسَارِيَةٍ مِنْ سَوّارِى الْمَسْجِدِ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِرَسُولُ
اللّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ مَاذَا عِنْدَكَ يَا ثُمَامَةُ فَقَالَ عِنْدِىٌ يَا مُحَمَّدُ خَيْرٌ إِنْ تَقْتُلُ تَقْتُلُ ذَادَمٍ وَ
إِنْ تُنْعِمُ تُنْعِمْ عَلَى شَاكِرٍ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ تُرِيدُ الْمَالَ فَسَلْ تُعْظَ مِنْهُ مَاشِئْتَ فَتَرَكَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ
عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى كَانَ الْغَدُ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَا عِنْدَكَ يَا ثُمَامَةٌ فَقَالَ عِنْدِىٌ مَا قُلْتَ لَكَ إِنْ تُنْعِمُ تُنْعِمْ عَلَى
شَاكِرٍ وَإِنْ تَقْتُلُ تَقْتُلُ ذَادٍَ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ تُرِيدُ الْمَالَ فَسَلُ تُعْطَّ مِنْهُ مَاشِئْتَ فَتَرَكَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ
عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى كَانَ بَعْدَ الْغَدِ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَا عِنْدَكَ يَاثُمَامَةُ؟ فَقَالَ عِنْدِىٌ مَا قُلْتُ لَكَ إِنْ تُنْعِعْ تُنْعِؤُ
عَلَى شَاكٍِ وَإِنْ تَقْتُلُ تَقْتُلُ ذَادَهٍ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ تُرِيدُ الْمَالَ فَسَلُ تُعْطَ مِنْهُ مَا شِئْتَ فَقَالَ تَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى
اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَظْلِقُوْ اَتْمَامَةً فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَى تَخْلٍ قَرِيبٍ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ فَاغْتَسَلَ ثُؤَّ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَقَالَ أَشْهَدُ
آَمْ لَا إِلهَ إِلَّ اللَّهُ وَأَشْهَدُأَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُوْلُهُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ وَاللّهِ مَاكَانَ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْآَرْضِ وَجُهُ
أَبُغَضُ إِلَىَّ مِنْ وَجُهِكَ فَقَدْ أَصْبَحَّ وَجُهْتَ أَحَبَّ الْوُجُوْهِ كُلِّهَا إِلَىَّ وَاللّهِ مَاكَانَ مِنْ دِيْنٍ أَبْغَضَ إِلَىَّ مِنْ
دِيْنِكَ فَأَصْبَحَ دِيْنُكَ أَحَبَّ الدِّيْنِ كُلِّهِ إِلَىَّ وَ وَاللَّهِ مَا كَانَ مِنْ بَلَدٍ أَبْغَضَ إِلَىَّ مِنْ بَلَدِكَ فَاصْبَحَ بَلَدُكَ
أَحَبَّ الْبِلَادِ كُلِّهَا إِلَىّ وَإِنَّ خَيْلَكَ آَخَذَتْنِي وَ أَنَا أُرِيِّدُ الْعُمْرَةَ فَمَاذَ اتَرِ فَبَشَّرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ
وَسَلَّمَ وَأَمَرَةِ أَنْ يَعْتَمِرَ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ مَكَّةً قَالَ لَهُ قَائِلْ أَصَبَوْتَ فَقَالَ لَا وَلَكِتِّئْ أَسْلَمْتُ مَّعَ رَسُولِ اللّهِ
صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَّا وَاللَّهِ لَا يَاتِيْكُمْ مِنَ الْتَمَامَةِ حَبَّةُ حِنْظَةٍ حَتَّى يَأْنَكَ فِيْهَارَسُوْلُ اللهِ صَلَى اللهُ
عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - (رواه مسلم واختصره البخارى)
صلى الله عليه وسلم narrated that Allah' Messenger رضى الله عنه Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah .3964
sent a group of horsemen to Najd. They brought a man of Banu Hanifah (to
Madinah). He was named Thumamah ibn Uthal. He was the chief of the inhabitants
of yamamah. They tied him to one of the columns of the mosque (Masjid Nabawi).
Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم came to him and asked him, " What do you expect. O
Thumamah? " (What do you have to say?) He said, "I expect what is good, O
Muhammad. If you kill me you will kill one with blood on his head " (Who
deserves to be killed. Or, he meant that his blood would be avenged, for his people
would not forgives his killing ). "If you show kindness to me, you will be doing it
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whatever you wish."
Allah's Messenger ,le a. left him till the next day when he asked him again,
"What do you expect, O Thumamah ?. He said, " I have the same thing to say as I
told you earlier. If you are kind to one who is grateful. If you kill me, you will kill
one with blood on him. If you want property, you may ask and you will be given
what you ask." Again, Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم left him as he was.
On the next (third) day. He asked him (as before), " What do you expect, O
Thumamah? " He said, " I have ( the same answers) as I have told you. If you are
kind to me, you will be kind to one who is grateful. But, if you kill me, you will kill
one with blood on him. If you wish to have property, you may ask and will be
given what you ask."
Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "Set Thumamah free." He went away (on being
released without saying anything) to the palm trees near the mosque (Masjid
Nabawi). There he had a bath and came back to the mosque and testified:
أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلهَ إِلَّ اللّهُ وَأَشْهَدُاتَّ مُحَتَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُوْلُهُ
"(I bear witness that there is no god but Allah. And, I bear witness that Muhammad
is His slave and His Messenger)."
(Then he said: ) "O Muhammad, I say by Allah. That there was no face on the
surface of the earth more the surface of the earth more despised to me than yours.
But, now your face is the dearest of all to me (in all the world) . By Allah, no
religion was more despised to me than yours, but now your religion is the dearest to
me of all (religion). By Allah, no town was more despised to me than yours, but
now yours town is the dearest of all to me."
(Then he said: ) " Your horsemen had seize me while I intended to perform umrah.
So what do you say?"
Allah's Messenger ,ledno gave him glad tidings (that all his sins were forgiven).
Then he instructed him to perform Umrah.
When he reached Makkah, someone said to him, " You have become irreligious. "
He said, "No. But , I have embraced Islam at the hands of Allah's Messenger ,leano
, And, by Allah, not one grain of wheat will come to you from Yamamah unless
Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم permits me to release it. "1
(٣٩٦٥) وَعَنْ جُبَيْرِبْنِ مُطْحٍِ أَّ النَّيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ فِى أُسَارى بَدْرٍ لَوْ كَانَ الْمُطْعِمُ بُنُّ عَدِيٍّ
حَيَّتُقَّ كَلَّمَنِىْ فِيْ هَؤُ لَاءِ الَّتْنِى لَقَرَكْتُهُمُ لَه- (رواه البخارى)
3965. Sayyiduna Jubayr ibn Mut'im narrated that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said about
the prisoners (of war) taken at Badr, " If Muslim ibn Adi was alive and had
interceded with me concerning these dirty prisoners, I would have released them
for his sake."2
COMMENTARY: Jubayr was one of the prisoners taken at badr. He heard this hadith from
.رضى اله عنه as a disbeliever but narrated it as a Muslim صلى الله عليه وسلم the Prophet
1 Bukhari #4372, Muslim # 59. 1764, Abu Dawud # 2679.
2 Bukhari #3139, Abu Dawud # 2689, Musnad Ahmad A-80.

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His father, Mut'im ibn Adi acd+, was the grandson of Nawfal ibn Abu Munaf. So he was
a near relative of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم grandfather. Mut'im had shown a favour to the
Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم_by giving him protection when he had returned from Ta'if after
preaching there and the infidels of Makkah intended Persecute him.
Therefore, the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم spoke those words to Jubayr. Thereby, he intended to
win over his heart and get him inclined to Islam.
PERSECUTORS WERE LET OFF
(٣٩٦٦) وَعَنْ آَنَسٍ آَّ ثَّمَانِيْنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ آَهْلٍ مَكَّةَّ هَبَُّوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ جَبَلٍ
التَّنْعِيُمِ مُتَسَلِّحِيْنَ يُرِيُّدُونَ غِزَّةَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَصْحَابِهٍ فَأَخَذَ هُمْ سَلِمًا فَاسْتَحْيَا هُمْ وَفِى
رِوَايَةٍ فَاعْتَقَهُمْ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالِى وَهُوَ الَّذِىُ كَفَّ أَيْدِيَهُمْ عَنْكُمْ وَأَبْدِيَكُمُ عَنْهُمْ بِبَطْنٍ مَكَّةَ- (رواه مسلم)
3966. Sayyiduna Anas رضى الله عنه narrated that (in the year of Hudaybiyah) eighty men
of Makkah heavily armed came down from the mountain of tanim against Allah's
Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم hoping to trap them suddenly. But, without fighting he took
them captive disgraced and helpless then he let them go alive.
According to another version: He set them free. Allah, The Exalted, revealed:
وَهُوَالَّذِىُ كَفَّ آَيْدِيَهُمُ عَنْكُمُ وَآَيْدِيَكُمُ عَنْهُمْ بِبَظُنِ مََّةَ
{And He is the one who restrained their hands from you and your hands from them
in the valley of Makkah after He had let you prevail over them} (48: 24)1
THE PROPHET'S صلى الله عليه وسلم ADDRESS TO THE IDOLATERS SLAIN AT BADR
(٣٩٦٧) وَعَنْ قَتَادَةً قَالَ ذَكَّرَ لَنَا آَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ عَنْ أَبيِ طَلْحَةَ آَثَّ نَبِىَّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ آَمَرَ يَوْمٌ
بَدْرٍ بِأَرْبَعَةٍ وَعِشْرِيْنَ رَجُلًا مِنْ صَنَادِيْدِ قُرَيْشٍ فَتُذِفُوْافِي طَوِيٍّ مِنْ أَظْوَاءِ بَدْرٍ خَبِيْتٍ مُخْبِتٍ وَكَانَ إِذَا
ظَهَرٌ عَلَى قَوْمِ آَقَامَ بِالْعُرُصَةِ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَ بِبَدْرِ الْيَوْمُ الثَّالِثُ أَمَرَ بِرَاحِلَتِهِ فَشُدَّ عَلَيْهَا رَحُلُهَا
تُؤَّ مَثَى وَاتَّبَعَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ حَتَّى قَامَ عَلَى شَفَةِ الزَّكِيِّ وَ جَعَلَ يُنَادِيْهُمْ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ وَأَسْمَآء ابَائِهِمْ يَا قُلَانُ ابْنُ
قُلَانٍ وَيَاقُلَاتَ بْنُ فُلَانٍ آَيَسُؤُكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ أَطَمْتُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُوْلَهُ فَإِنَّا قَدْ وَجَدْنَامَا وَعَدَنَا رَبَّنَا حَقًّا
فَهَلُ وَجَدُ ثُمْ مَا وَعَدَ رَبُّكُمْ حَقًّا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَانُكُلِّمُ مِنْ أَجْسَادٍ لَا أَزْوَاءَ لَّهَا قَالَ النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى
اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالَّذِى نَفْسُ مُحَتَّدٍ بِيِّدِهِ مَا أَنْتُمُ بِأَسْمَةَ لِمَا أَقُوُلُ مِنْهُمُ وَفِيْ رِوَايَةٍ مَا آَنْتُمْ بِأَسْمَّةً مِنْهُمُ
وَلَكِنْ لَا يُحِيْبُوْنَ- مُتَّفَقْ عَلَيْهِ وَزَادَ الْبُخَارِىُّ قَالَ قَتَادَةُ أَحْيَاهُمُ اللَّهُ حَتَّى أَسْمَعَهُمْ قَوْلَهُ تَوْبِيُخًّا وَ
تَصْغِيْرًّا وَنِقْمَةٌ وَحَسْرَةً وَنَدَمَا-
3967. Sayyiduna Qatadah رضى الله عنه said that Anas ibn Maalik رضى اللهعنه narrated to them
Muslim# 133. 1802, Tirmidhi # 3264, Abu Dawud # 2688, Musnad Ahmad 3. 124.
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صلى that on the day of Badr, Allah's Prophet رضى الله عنه on the authority of Abu Talhah
, Ale & gave instructions that twenty-four chiefs of the Quraysh (infidels of
Makkah) should be thrown into one of the wells of Badr that was filthy and spread
filth. When he vanquished an enemy (it was his practice that) he stayed three nights
on the battlefield. So when the three days were over (or it was the third day), he
asked for his riding-beast saddled. It was done. Then he went, followed by his
Sahabah (Prophet's Companions) رضى الله عنهم, till he stood at the opening of the well.
Here, he began to call them by their names and the names of their fathers, asking,
"O so-and-so son of so-and-so and O so-and-so son of so-and-so, does it please you
that you had (perhaps) obeyed Allah and His Messenger? Certainly we have found
what our lord had promised us (and falsehood has perished) Did you find to be true
what your Lord had promised you? " ( Sayyiduna) Umar us & >, submitted, " O
Messenger of Allah. Do you address bodies that have no souls? "The Prophet at.
lujole said, "By Him in whose hand is Muhammad's soul you people do not hear
what I say better than they do."
According to another version: " You do not hear better than they do, but (while you
can respond ), they do not respond."
Bukhari: also has that Qatadah 4s &n +, said that Allah revided them to make them
hear what he said so that they may feel humiliated, grieved and sense the
punishment and regret (in this world).1
COMMENTARY: Shaykh Abdul Haq Muhaddith Dahlawi and others have cited this
hadith to prove that the dead can hear Mast Hanafi scholars deny this possibility. See
books of fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) on this subject like Fath ul- Qadeer.
RETURN OF PRISONERS TAKEN AT HUNAYN
(٣٩٦٨) وَعَنْ مَرُوَانَ وَالْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةً أَكَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَامَ حِيْنَ جَاءَةُ
وَفْدُهَوَازِتَ مُسْلِمِيْنَّ فَسَأَلُّوْهُ أَنْ يَرُدَّ إِلَيْهِمْ أَهْوَالَّهُمْ وَسَبْتَهُمْ فَقَالَ فَاخْتَارُوا إِحْدَى الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ إِمَّالسَّبِىَّ
وَ إِّ الْمَالَ قَالُوا فَإِنَّا تَخْتَارُ سَبْيَنَا فَقَّامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقْنِى عَلَى اللَّهِ بِمَاهُوَاَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ
آَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ إِخْوَانَكُمْ قَدْجَاءُ وْاتَّائِيْنَّ وَإِّ قَدْرَأَيْتُ أَْ آَرُدَِّلَيْهِمْ سَبْتَهُمْ فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ
يُطَيِّبَ ذُلِكَ فَلُفْعَلُ وَمَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْكُمُ أَنْ يَكُوُكَ عَلى حَنِِّهِ حَتَّى تُعْطِيَّةٍ إِيَّاهُ مِنْ آَقَلِ مَا يُفِىءُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنَا
فَلْيُفْعَلُ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ قَدْ طَيَّيْنَا ذُلِكَ يَارَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّا لَانَدْرِىُ مَنْ
آَذِتَ مِنْكُمْ مِمَّنُ لَوْ يَأْذَنْ فَارْجِئُوْا حَتَّى يَرْفَةَ إِلَيْنَا حُرَفَاء كُمْ أَمْرَكُمْ فَرَجَعَ النَّاسُ ذَكَلَّمَهُمْ حُرَفَاءُهُمْ
ثُؤَّ رَجَعُوْا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَخْبَرُوِى أَنَّهُمْ قَدْطَيَّبُوْا وَآَذِنُؤْا - (رواه البخارى)
3968. (Sayyiduna) Marwan رضى الله عنه and Miswar ibn Makhramah رضى الله عنه narrated
that a deputation of Hawazin Muslims (after they had embraced Islam) came to
Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم and requested him to return to them their
properties and their captives. He stood up and said, "Choose one of the two:
1 Bukhari# 3976, Muslim # 78 78. 2875, Musnad Ahmad 3. 145, See also the life of Prophet
Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم (Ibn Kathit's Search) p. 318F (DARUL Ishaat, Karachi)
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either the captives or the property." They said, "We choose our captives." So,
Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم stood up (and delivered this sermon to the Sahabah
(Prophet's Companions) رضى الله عنهم ) and praised Allah and glorified Him as is His
due and said " To proceed ! These (people of Hawazin) your brothers have come
after repenting (from disbelief and Polytheism). I deem it proper to return their
captives to them. So those of you who are prepared to release the captive may do
so. But those who decide to keep them whom they have till I give them some of
the next booty that Allah grants us may do so." The people submitted, "We are
willing to do that, O Messenger of Allah (to release the captives)." He said, " We
cannot make out in this gathering which not. So all of you return (to your homes
and consult your leaders). Then your leaders (or chiefs) may inform us about your
decision. "So, they went back and their leaders spoke to them. Then they came
again to Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم and informed him that they had agreed (to
release the captives) and had given the permission.1
COMMENTARY: To the southeast of Makkah along the road that leads towards ta'if there
is a large ground surrounded by a small mountain. Beyond it is a small village. It is said
that the Hawazin lived near the spacious ground. It is have that after the conquest of
Makkah the battle of hunayn or Hawazin was fought.
The Muslims got a very large booty in this battle and they captured very many women and
children. They were given to the Sahabah (Prophet's Companions) mas an >), since the
property and captives belonged to the sahabah. The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم asked for their
permission to return to the Hawazin Muslims their families.
PRISONER TAKEN FOR PRISONER
(٣٩٦٩) وَعَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ قَالَ كَانَ ثَقِيْفٌ حَلِيْفًا لِبَنِى عُقَيْلٍ فَاَسَرَتْ ثَّقِيْفٌ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ آَضْحَابٍ
رَسُوْلِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِى حُقَيْلٍ فَأَوْ ثَقُوْهُ فَطَرَحُوْهُ فِي الْخُرَّةِ فَمَرَّبِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى
اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَنَادَاهُ يَا مُحَتَّدُ يَا مُحَتَّدُ فِيْمَ أُخِذْتُ قَالَ بِرِيْرَةٍ حُلَفَائِكُمْ ثَقِيْفٍ فَتَرَكَهُ وَمَضْى فَنَادَاهُ یَا
مُحَتَّدُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَرَحِمَةُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَرَجَةَ قَالَ مَا شَأَنكَ قَالَ إِخْ مُسْلِمٌ فَقَالَ لَوْقُلْتَهَا
وَأَنْتَ تَمْلِكُ آمرَكَ أَفْلَحْتَ كُلّ الْفَلَاحِ قَالَ فَقَدَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالرَّجُلَيْنِ الَّذَّئْنِ
آَسَرَتُهُمَا ثَقِيقٌ۔(رواه مسلم)
3969. Sayyiduna Imran ibn Husayn As &>, narrated that the Thaqif were allies of
Banu Uqayl. So when the Thaqif captured two men from the companions of Allah'
Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم, took a man of Banu Uqayl as captives. They bound him and
threw him on the lava plain. Allah's Messenger came that way and he called him,
"O Muhammad, O Muhammad! Why have I been seized?" He said , "In retaliation
for the crime of your allies the Thaqif." He left him (as he was) and went ahead, but
he called again. "O Muhammad, O Muhammad ! Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم had
mercy on him and came to him again and asked, " What is it?" He said, "I am a
Muslim." He said, " If you had said so when you were master of your own affairs,
! Bukhari # 3207, Abu dawud # 2693, Musnad Ahmad 4-327