النص المفهرس

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CHAPTER 198
باب استحباب الاضطجاع بعد ركعتي الفجِر عَلَى جنبه الأيمن والحث عليه سواءٌ كَانَ تَهَجَّدَ
بِاللَيْلِ أمْ لا
Chapter on the desirability of lying down on the right side after performing
the two rak'ats of the Fajr salah and encouragement to do so whether one has
performed Tahajjud șalāh or not
Hadith 1110
﴿ إِذَا صَلَّى ركعتي الفجر ، اضْطَجَعَ عَلَى شِقِّهِ الأَيْمَن
عن عائشة رظه ، قالت : كان النبيُّ
· رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِي .
'A'ishah wes narrates: "When the Messenger of Allah
had performed the
two rak'āts of Fajr, he would lie down on his right side." (Bukhārī, Ahmad)
Commentary
According to the majority of the scholars, lying down before the Fard of Fajr salah is to gain
rest after Tahajjud and if one does so to remove tiredness, he will be rewarded. According
to Imam Shafi'ī ds and others, a person should rest at this time whether he is tired or not.
Hadith 1111
وعنها ، قالت : كَانَ النَّبِّ ﴿ يُصَلِّي فِيمَا بَيْنَ أنْ يَفْرُغَ مِنْ صَلاَةِ العِشَاءِ إلَى الفَجْرِ إِحْدَى
عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً ، يُسَلِّمُ بَيْنَ كُلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ، وَيُوتِرُ بِوَاحِدَةٍ ، فَإِذَا سَكَتَ المُؤَذِّنُ مِنْ صَلاَةِ الفَجْرِ ،
وَتَبَّنَ لَهُ الفَجْرُ ، وَجَاءهُ المُؤَذِّنُ ، قَامَ فَرَكَعَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ خَفِيفَتَيْنِ ، ثُمَّ اضْطَجَعَ عَلَى شِقِّهِ الأَيْمَنِ
، هَكَذَا حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهُ المُؤَذِّنُ لِلإِقَامَةِ . رَوَاهُ مُسلِمٍ .
قَوْلُهَا : (( يُسَلِّمُ بَيْنَ كُلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنٍ )) هكَذَا هو في مسلمٍ ومعناه: بَعْدَ كُلِّ رَكْعَتَيْن .
'A'ishah wes narrates: "The Messenger of Allah
used to perform eleven
rak'āts of salah from the time he completed 'Isha' until Fajr. He would make
salām between every two rak'āts and add one rak'āt making the total number
of rak'āts an odd number. When the mu'adhdhin was silent after calling out
the adhan of the Fajr salah, and dawn seemed clear to him, and the mu'adhdhin
had come to him, he would stand up and perform two short rak'āts of salāh.
He would then lie down on his right side until the mu'adhdhin came to him

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to call out the iqāmah." (Muslim, Abū Dāwūd, Nasa'ī)
The words, "He used to make salam between every two rak'ats," are stated
in the narration of Muslim and they mean: "after every two rak'āts."
Additional Points
V The Messenger
generally performed eight rak'āts of Tahajjud salah and then three
rak'āts of Witr which equalled eleven rak'āts in total.
Hadith 1112
وعن أبي هريرة ﴿ه، قَالَ: قال رَسُول اللَّهِ ﴿: ((إذا صَلَّى أحَدُكُمْ رَكْعَتَي الفَجْرِ ،
فَلْيَضْطَجِعْ عَلَى يَمِينِهِ )) رواه أبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتِّرمِذِيُّ بأسانيد صحيحة ، قال الترمذي : ((
حديث حسن صحيح )) .
Abū Hurayrah Kg
narrates that the Messenger of Allah
said: "When
any of you has performed the two rak'ats of Fajr, he should lie down on his
right side." (Abū Dāwūd, Tirmidhī)
Commentary
From this hadith and the previous one, we learn that the Messenger
would rest after
performing the two Sunnah rak'āts of Fajr. In another narration 'A'ishah
stated, "After
the Messenger
performed the two rak'āts of Fajr, he would speak to me if I was awake,
otherwise he would lie down." (Bukharī) From this we learn that, at times, he would rest and
at other times he would not.
It is also important to note that the wudu' of the Messenger
would not break because of
sleep, since the hearts of the Messengers ) were perpetually awake.
CHAPTER 199
باب سنة الظهر
Chapter on the Sunnah of the Zuhr salah
Hadith 1113
﴿ رَكْعَتَيْنِ قَبَلَ الظُّهْرِ وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَهَا .
عن ابن عمر ﴿هَا، قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﴿

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متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ .
Ibn ‘Umar
narrates: "I performed two rak'āts before the Zuhr salah and
two rak'āts after it with the Messenger of Allah
še." (Bukhārī, Muslim)
Commentary
Regarding the Sunnah number of rak'āts before the Zuhr salah, scholars have different views
based on different ahadith. According to the Hanafi scholars and Imam Malik , there are
four rak'āts Sunnah Mu'akkadah. According to the view of Imam Ahmad > and the recognised
view of Imam Shafi'ī, there are two rak'āts of Sunnah Mu'akkadah. The above hadith is used as
proof by the latter mentioned scholars. The Hanafi scholars and Imam Malik utilise the
ahādīth that follow as proof of four rak'āts.
As for the above hadith, some scholars say that it refers to the two rak'āts of zawal, which
the Messenger
would perform as soon as the time of zawal had passed. Others state that
it refers to Tahiyyat al-Masjid, since he usually performed the four Sunnah rak'āts of Zuhr at
home, while these were performed in the masjid.
Hadith 1114
كَانَ لا يَدَعُ أَرْبَعاً قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ . رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيُّ .
13
: أنّ النّبيَّ
13
وعن عائشة نظـ
'A'ishah wos narrates that the Messenger of Allah
would not omit four
rak'āts before the Zuhr salāh." (Bukhārī, Ahmad)
Commentary
This hadith serves as proof for those scholars who say that the Sunnah rak'ats before the Zuhr
șalāh are four and not two.
Hadith 1115
وعنها ، قالت: كَانَ النَّبِّ ﴿ يُصَلِّي فِي بَيْتِي قَبَلَ الظُّهْرِ أَرْبَعاً، ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ ، فَيُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ
، ثُمَّ يَدْخُلُ فَيُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ . وَكَانَ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ المَغْرِبَ، ثُمَّ يَدْخُلُ فَيُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ ،
وَيُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ العِشَاءِ ، وَيَدْخُلُ بَيْتِي فَيُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ . رَوَاهُ مُسلِمٍ .
'Ā'ishah
narrates: "The Messenger of Allah
used to perform four
rak'āts in my house before the Zuhr salah, and then go out and lead the
people in șalāh. He would then return and perform two rak'āts. He used to
lead the people for the Maghrib salah, then return and perform two rak'āts.
He used to lead the people for the 'Isha' salah, come into my house and

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perform two rak'āts." (Muslim)
Commentary
This hadith teaches us that the Messenger
used to generally perform the Sunnah salāhs
that followed the Fard, at home. This carries greater merit as compared to performing them
in the masjid, however if there is a fear that one will be distracted from performing them
once he reaches home, then he should perform them in the masjid.
Hadith 1116
: (( مَنْ حَافَظَ عَلَى أَرْبَعِ رَكَعَاتٍ قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ
وعن أُمّ حَبِيبَةَ لِلَه، قالت : قال رَسُولُ اللهِ
، وَأَرْبَعِ بَعْدَهَا، حَرَّمَهُ اللهُ عَلَى النَّارِ )) رواه أبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتِّرمِذِيُّ، وَقَالَ : ((حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ
صحيح )) .
Umm Habībah ws narrates that the Messenger of Allah
said: "Allah will
make unlawful for the Hell-fire one who safeguards the four rak'āts before
the Zuhr salah and the four rak'āts after it." (Abū Dāwūd, Tirmidhī)
Commentary
The four rak'ats after Zuhr, according to some scholars, refer to an additional four rak'āts
after the two Sunnah. Mulla 'Alī Qarī (0), however, stated that the two Sunnah are included
in the four. Hence, one should perform an additional two rak'āts of Nafl salah in addition to
the two Sunnah rak'āts to earn this virtue.
The merit of the four rak'ats prior to the Zuhr salah can be further gauged by the narration of
'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud age who said, "No salah of the day equals the salah of the night except
the four rak'āts before Zuhr. The virtue of this salah over the other (optional) salahs of the day
is like the virtue of the congregational salah over the salah performed individually." (Țabrānī)
Hadith 1117
وعن عبد الله بن السائب له: أنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ لَّهُ كَانَ يُصَلِّي أَرْبَعاً بَعْدَ أنْ تَزُولَ الشَّمْسُ
قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ ، وقَالَ : (( إِنَّهَا سَاعَةٌ تُفْتَحُ فِيها أَبْوَابُ السَّمَاءِ ، فَأُحِبُّ أَنْ يَصْعَدَ لِي فِيهَا عَمَلٌ
صَالِحٌ )) رواه التِّرمِذِيُّ، وَقَالَ: ((حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ )).
'Abdullah ibn al-Sā'ib
narrates that the Messenger of Allah
used
to perform four rak'āts after mid-day before the Zuhr salah, and he said:
"It is a time wherein the doors of the heavens are opened and I therefore
prefer my good deed to ascend at that time." (Tirmidhi)

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Commentary
Some scholars are of the view that these four rak'ats refer to the four rak'āts of Sunnah
Mu'akkadah prior to the Zuhr salah. However, the majority of the scholars are of the view
that these refer to the salah of zawal which the Messenger
used to perform immediately
after zawāl.
Hadith 1118
كَانَ إذا لَمْ يُصَلِّ أربَعاً قَبَلَ الظُّهْرِ ، صَلَّهُنَّ بَعْدَهَا. رَوَاهُ
ـُ : أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ
وعن عائشة
التِّرمِذِيُّ ، وَقَالَ : (( حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ )) .
‘Ā'ishah
narrates that if the Messenger of Allah
did not perform
four rak'āts before the Zuhr salah, he would perform them after it. (Tirmidhī)
Commentary
This hadith illustrates the importance which the Messenger
afforded to this șalāh.
According to the most preferred view, if one does not perform it before the Fard of Zuhr,
one should perform it after the two Sunnah. A narration of 'A'ishah wos states, "When the
Messenger
missed the four rak'āts before Zuhr, he would perform them after the two
rak'āts after Zuhr." (Ibn Mājah)
CHAPTER 200
باب سنة العصر
Chapter on the Sunnah of the 'Aşr salah
Hadith 1119
عن علي بن أبي طالب وه، قَالَ: كَانَ النبيُّ :﴿ يُصَلِّي قَبْلَ العَصْرِ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ ، يَفْصِلُ
بَيْنَهُنَّ بِالتَّسْلِيمِ عَلَى المَلائِكَةِ المُقَرَّبِينَ ، وَمَنْ تَبِعَهُمْ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَالمُؤْمِنِينَ . رَوَاهُ التِّر مِذِيُّ
، وَقَالَ : ((حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ )) .
Alī ibn Abī Țālib
tes narrates: "The Messenger of Allah
used to perform
four rak āts before the 'Asr salah. He would separate them by sending salām to
the close angels, and the Muslims and believers who follow them." (Tirmidhi)

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Commentary
"He would separate them," according to some scholars, refers to the tashahhud which is
usually recited after two rak'āts. In this case, the four rak'ats would be performed together
with a single salam at the end. However, according to Imam Shafi'i > and Imam Ahmad ,
it means that the salah should be performed in units of two rak'ats each.
Hadith 1120
﴿، قَالَ : ((رَحِمَ اللهُ امْرءاً صَلَّى قَبْلَ العَصْرِ أَرْبَعاً)) رواه
عن ابن عمر ظه ، عن النبي
أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتِّرمِذِيُّ، وَقَالَ: (( حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ)).
Ibn 'Umar
narrates that the Messenger of Allah
said: "May Allāh
have mercy upon the person who performs four rak'āts before the 'Aşr
șalāh." (Abū Dāwūd, Tirmidhī, Ahmad)
Commentary
While this hadith has been translated as a du'a' of mercy for the person who performs these
four rak'āts, it may also serve as a report informing us that Allah &s showers His mercy on
such a person.
Hadith 1121
كَانَ يُصَلِّي قَبَلَ العَصْرِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ، رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ
وعن علي بن أبي طالب عليه : أنَّ النبيَّ
بإسناد صحيح .
'Alī ibn Abī Țalib
's narrates that the Messenger of Allah
used to
perform two rak'āts before the 'Aşr salāh. (Abū Dāwūd)
Commentary
There are various narrations regarding the Sunnah salah before 'Asr. Some show that the
Messenger
performed two rak'āts whilst others show that he performed four rak'āts. After
studying all these narrations, scholars mention that this salah is Sunnah Ghair Mu'akkadah
and that one has the choice to perform two or four rak'ats, with four being more superior.
CHAPTER 201
باب سنة المغرب بعدها وقبلها

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Chapter on the Sunnah before and after the Maghrib salah
وَ كَانَ
تقدم في هذه الأبواب حديثُ ابن عمر وحديث عائشة ، وهما صحيحان : أنَّ النبيَّ
يُصَلِّي بَعدَ المَغْرِبِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ .
Previous chapters quoted the ahadith of Ibn 'Umar s and 'A'ishah des that
the Messenger of Allah
used to offer two rak'āts after the Maghrib salāh.
Commentary
The virtue of the two rak'ats Sunnah Mu'akkadah after Maghrib can be gauged from the narration
of 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar kes who said, "One who performs four rak'āts salah after Maghrib is like
the person fighting one battle after another (in the path of Allah)." (Muşannaf ibn Abī Shaybah)
Hadith 1122
، قَالَ : ((صَلُّوا قَبْلَ المَغْرِبِ )) قال في الثَّالِثَةِ
وعن عبد الله بن مُغَفَّل ◌َهُ، عن النبيِّ
: (( لِمَنْ شَاءَ)) رواه البُخَارِيُّ .
'Abdullah ibn Mughaffal 4% narrates that the Messenger of Allah
said:
"Perform salah before the Maghrib salah," and the third time he said, "for
whoever wishes to do so." (Bukhārī, Bayhaqī)
Commentary
From various authentic ahadith, it is established that the Messenger of Allah
used to
perform two rak'āts after 'Asr and before Maghrib, hence according to Imam Shafi'T , and
Imam Ahmad , these two rak'ats are permissible for all to perform. According to Imam
Abu Hanifahand Imam Malik , this was a speciality of the Messenger of Allah
and
is Makruh for the rest of the Ummah.
Hadith 1123
وعن أنس ◌َّهُ، قَالَ: لَقَدْ رَأيْتُ كِبَارَ أصْحَابٍ رَسُولِ اللهِ حُ﴾ِ، يَبْتَدِرُونَ السَّوَارِيَ عِندَ
المَغْرِبِ . رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ .
Anas dog narrates: "I saw senior Sahabah of the Messenger of Allah
hastening towards the pillars of the masjid at the time of Maghrib." (Bukhārī)
Commentary
The pillars in the masjid of the Messenger of Allah
were trunks of date-palm trees. The

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Sahabah o used to hasten towards these trunks to perform salah behind them so that those
who were passing in front of them would not cross them while they were in salah.
Hadith 1124
وعنه، قَالَ: كُنَّا نصلِّي عَلَى عهدِ رسولِ اللهِ حُ﴾ رَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ غُرُوبِ الشَّمْسِ قَبْلَ المَغْرِبِ
صَلَّهما؟ قَالَ : كَانَ يَرَانَا نُصَلِّيْهِمَا فَلَمْ يَأْمُرْنَا وَلَمْ يَنْهَا .
، فَقِيلَ : أَكَانَ رسولُ الله
رواه مسلم .
Anas 4% narrates: "We used to perform two rak'ats after sunset before
the Maghrib salah during the era of the Messenger of Allah
" Anas &
was asked: "Did the Messenger of Allah
perform these two rak'āts?" He
replied: "He used to see us performing them, and he neither commanded
us nor prohibited us." (Muslim, Dārimī)
Hadith 1125
وعنه ، قَالَ: كُنَّا بِالمَدِينَةِ فَإِذَا أَذَّنَ المُؤَذِّنُ لِصَلاَةِ المَغْرِبِ ، ابْتَدَرُوا السَّوَارِيَ ، فَرَكَعُوا
رَْعَتَيْنِ ، حَتَّى إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ الغَرِيبَ لَيَدْخُلُ المَسْجِدَ فَيَحْسَبُ أَنَّ الصَّلاَةَ قَدْ صُلِّيَّتْ مِنْ كَثْرَةٍ
مَنْ يُصَلِّهِمَا . رواه مسلم .
Anas
's narrates: "When we were in Madinah and the mu'adhdhin called
out the adhan for the Maghrib salah, the Sahabah would hasten towards the
pillars and perform two rak'ats. If a stranger would enter the masjid he
would assume that the Maghrib salah was over because of the large number
of people performing these two rak'āts." (Muslim, Tirmidhī)
Commentary
According to the Shafi'ī and Hanbalī scholars, these two rak'āts are Mustahab or permissible.
The Hanafi and Malikī scholars discourage the performance of two rak'ats before the Maghrib
șalāh. They base their opinion on the narration which states that the Messenger
said,
"Between every adhan and iqāmah are two rak'āts, except Maghrib salah." (Dāraquțnī and Bayhaqī)
According to Ibn Hummam &
and 'Allamah Kashmiri & it is permissible to perform them
but it is preferable to abstain for the following two reasons:
1. Great emphasis has been placed upon hastening with the Maghrib salāh.
2. The majority of the Șahabah A
did not perform them as stated by Abu Sa'īd Khudrī

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CHAPTER 202
باب سنة العشاء بعدها وقبلها
Chapter on the Sunnah before and after the 'Isha' salah
فِيهِ حديث ابن عمر السابق: صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ النَّبِّ :﴿ رَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ العِشَاءِ ، وحديث عبد الله
بن مُغَفَّلِ : (( بَيْنَ كُلِّ أَذَانَيْنِ صَلاةٌ )) متفق عَلَيْهِ . كما سبق .
The previously quoted hadith of Ibn 'Umar wos is relevant to this chapter: "I
performed two rak'āts after the 'Isha salah with the Messenger of Allah
"
and the hadith of 'Abdullah ibn Mughaffal 40%: "There is a salah between
every two adhāns."
Commentary
According to the Hanafi and Shafi'ī scholars, two rak'āts of salah after 'Isha' are Sunnah
Mu'akkadah.
CHAPTER 203
باب سنة الجمعة
Chapter on the Sunnah of the Jumu'ah salah
According to Hanafi scholars, four rak'āts are Sunnah before the Jumu'ah salah, and according
to the Shafi'ī scholars two rak'ats are Sunnah. The Hanafi scholars prove their view by the
narration of Ibn 'Abbas
who stated that the Messenger
used to perform four rak'āts
before the Jumu'ah salah without any break in between." (Ibn Majah) Even though this hadith is
weak with regards to its chain of narrators, it is corroborated by the actions and statements
of other Șahabah. For example, Ibn Mas'ud
narrated, "The Messenger
used to perform
four rak'āts before the Jumu'ah salah and four rak'āts after the Jumu ah salah." (Țabrānī in Awsat)
Ibn Mas'ūd, 'Alī, and Ibn 'Umar JA
would also perform four rak'āts before the Jumu'ah salāh.
رَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الجُمعَةِ . متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ .
فِيهِ حَديث ابن عمر السابق أنَّه صَلَّى مَعَ النَّبِّ
The previously quoted hadith of Ibn 'Umar
is relevant to this chapter:
"He performed two rak'āts with the Messenger of Allah
after the Jumu'ah
șalāh."

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RIYĀD AL-ȘĀLIĶĪN
Hadith 1126
: (( إِذَا صَلَّى أَحَدُكُمْ الجُمُعَةَ ، فَلْيُصَلِّ بَعْدَهَا
عن أبي هريرة ﴿هُ، قَالَ : قَالَ رسول الله
أرْبعا )) رواه مسلم .
Abū Hurayrah
narrates that the Messenger of Allah
said: "When
any of you performs the Jumu'ah salah, he should perform four rak'āts after
it." (Muslim, Ahmad, Bayhaqī)
Hadith 1127
كَانَ لاَ يُصَلِّي بَعْدَ الجُمُعَةِ حَتَّى يَنْصَرِفَ ، فَيُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ
وعن ابن عمر ظله: أنَّ النَّبيَّ
في بَيْتِهِ . رواه مسلم .
Ibn ‘Umar
narrates that the Messenger of Allah
would not perform
any șalāh after the Jumu'ah salah until after he had left. He would then
perform two rak'āts in his house. (Muslim, Nasa'ī, Bayhaqī)
Commentary
There are three views with regards to the Sunnah salah after Jumu'ah:
1. It is Sunnah to perform two rak'ats. This is the view of Imam Shafi'T > and Imam Ahmad
The above hadith of Ibn 'Umar
proves their position.
2. It is Sunnah to perform four rak'āts. This is the view of Imam Abu Hanifah &s. The hadith
of Abu Hurayrah &
supports this view.
3. It is Sunnah to perform six rak'āts. This is the view of Imam Abu Yusuf 9; and Imam
Muhammad , the students of Imam Abu Hanifah . The verdict according to the Hanafi
school is based on this view, since it incorporates all the narrations related to the topic.
CHAPTER 204
باب استحباب جعل النوافل في البيت سواء الراتبة وغيرها والأمر بالتحول للنافلة من موضع
الفريضة أو الفصل بينهما بكلام
Chapter on the desirability of performing optional salahs at home but not
the obligatory salahs. The command to perform the optional salah away from
the place where the obligatory salah was performed, or to separate between

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RIYĀD AL-ȘĀLIĶĪN
the two salahs by talking
Hadith 1128
، قَالَ: ((صَلُّوا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ فِي بُيُوتِكُمْ، فَإِنَّ أَفْضَلَ
ثابت عنه: أنَّ النَّبِيّ
عن زيد بن ثابت
الصَّلاَةِ صَلَّةُ المَرْءِ فِي بَيْتِهِ إِلَّ المَكْتُوبَةَ )) متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ .
Zayd ibn Thābit
narrates that the Messenger of Allah
said: "O
people, perform your șalāh in your homes. The best șalāh is a man's șalāh in
his home, except for the obligatory salah." (Bukhārī, Muslim, Ahmad, Bayhaqī)
Commentary
There are various advantages of performing the Sunnah and Nafl salah in the home. Firstly,
it repels pride and inculcates sincerity. Secondly, it draws divine blessings and mercy in the
home. Thirdly, it causes Shaitan to flee. However, scholars have mentioned that if one fears
distraction and negligence in the home, then it is preferable to perform these salāhs in the
masjid.
Hadīth 1129
، قَالَ : (( اجْعَلُوا مِنْ صَلاَتِكُمْ فِي بُيُوتِكُمْ ، وَلاَ تَتَّخِذُوهَا
13
وعن ابن عمر رَ لها، عن النبيِّ
قُبُوراً )) متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ .
Ibn ‘Umar
narrates that the Messenger of Allah
said: "Perform
some of your salāhs in your homes and do not make them into graveyards."
(Bukhārī, Muslim, Ahmad)
Commentary
The command not to convert homes into graveyards could mean that the deceased should not
be buried in homes, but in the graveyard. It could also mean that if salah is not performed
in the home, then it will be similar to a graveyard where no good deeds can be performed.
It is best to allocate a place for salah in the home. 'A'ishah wos narrates, "The Messenger of
Allāh
commanded us to build a place of salah in our homes, to keep it clean and to keep
it scented. (Ahmad, Tirmidhī)

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RIYĀD AL-ȘĀLIĶĪN
Hadīth 1130
: (( إِذَا قَضَى أَحَدُكُمْ صَلاَتَهُ فِي مَسْجِدِهِ فَلْيَجْعَلْ
وعن جابر ◌ّهُ، قَالَ : قَالَ رسول الله
لِبَيْتِ نَصِيباً مِنْ صَلاَتِهِ ؛ فَإِنَّ اللهَ جَاعِلٌ فِي بَيْتِهِ مِنْ صَلاَتِهِ خَيْراً)) رواه مسلم .
Jābir dog narrates that the Messenger of Allah
said: "Any of you who
performs his șalāh in his masjid, should perform some of his șalāh in his
home as Allāh will place blessings in his home because of his salah." (Muslim,
Ibn Mājah, Ahmad)
Commentary
The performance of Sunnah and Nafl salah in one's home draws divine goodness and blessings.
This ruling applies to those who return home immediately after the Fard salah. If a person
does not return home or is in I'tikaf, then these salahs should be performed in the masjid.
Hadith 1131
وعن عمر بن عطاءٍ: أَنَّ نَافِعَ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ أرْسَلَهُ إِلَى السَّائِبِ ابنِ أُخْتِ نَمِرٍ يَسَلُهُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ رَآهُ
مِنْهُ مُعَاوِيَةُ فِي الصَّلاَةِ ، فَقَالَ : نَعَمْ ، صَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ الجُمُعَةَ فِي المَقْصُورَةِ ، فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ الإمَامُ
، قُمْتُ فِي مَقَامِي، فَصَلَيْتُ ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيَّ، فَقَالَ: لاَ تَعُدْ لِمَا فَعَلْتَ. إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ
الجُمُعَةَ فَلاَ تَصِلْهَا بِصَلاةٍ حَتَّى تَتَكَلَّمَ أَوْ تَخْرُجَ ؛ فَإِنَّ رسولَ الله
أمَرَنَا بِذلِكَ ، أن لاَ
نُوصِلَ صَلاَةً بِصَلاَةٍ حَتَّى تَتَكَلَّمَ أَوْ نَخْرُجَ . رواه مسلم .
'Umar ibn 'Ața' narrates that Nafi' ibn Jubayr sent him to al-Sa'ib, the son
of Namir's sister, to ask him about something that Mu'awiyah had seen him
doing regarding salah. He said: "Yes, I performed the Jumu'ah salah with
him in the enclosure. When the Imam said the salam, I stood up in my place
and performed salah. When he entered, he called for me and said: 'Do not
again do what you just did. Once you have performed the Jumu'ah salah,
do not perform another salah immediately after until you have spoken or
moved away. The Messenger of Allah
ordered us to do so, that is not
to perform any salah immediately after the obligatory salah until we had
spoken or moved away." (Muslim)
Vocabulary and Definitions
A & sois refers to a special room in one of the corners of the masjid which is made for the Imam.
Mu'awiyah aos would perform salah there after the Khawarij attempted to assassinate him.

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RIYĀD AL-ȘĀLIĶĪN
After the Fard salah, a person should not perform Sunnah salah in the same place. He should
move away or at least speak to someone so that others may be able to differentiate between
the Sunnah and Fard salah.
Additional Points
v A Muslim should advise his fellow Muslim brother in a kind manner. Imam Shafi ī > said,
من وعظ أخاه سرا فقد نصحه وزانه، ومن وعظه جهرا فقد فضحه وشانه
"One who advises his brother in secrecy has done good to him and beautified
him, and one who advises him openly has disgraced him and dishonoured him."
CHAPTER 205
باب الحث عَلَى صلاة الوتر وبيان أنه سنة مؤكدة وبيان وقته
Chapter on the encouragement of performing the Witr salah and clarification
that it is Sunnah Mu'akkadah, and its time
Hadith 1132
عن عليٍّ لَّهُ، قَالَ: الوِتْرُ لَيْسَ بِحَتْمِ كَصَلاَةِ المَكْتُوبَةِ ، وَلَكِنْ سَنَّ رسولُ اللهِ ﴿، قَالَ
: (( إنَّ اللهَ وِتْرٌ يُحِبُّ الوِتْرَ، فَأَوْتِرُوا يَا أَهْلَ القُرْآنِ )) رواه أَبُو داود والترمذي ، وقال :
(( حديث حسن )) .
'Alī aog narrates: "The Witr salah is not obligatory like the prescribed salāhs,
but the Messenger of Allah
stipulated it by saying: 'Allah is an odd
number (one) and He loves odd numbers, so perform the Witr salah, O
people of the Qur'an!" (Abū Dāwūd, Tirmidhī)
Commentary
Allah & loves odd numbers, hence we find that many of the actions of worship are odd in
number, such as the circuits in tawaf, sa'ī between Safa and Marwa, pelting of the Jamarat,
number of tasbīņāts in salah and so forth.
According to Imam Abū Hanīfah (, Witr salah is Wajib, whereas according to the other
three Imams, it is Sunnah Mu'akkadah. However, all the scholars stress upon the importance
of performing it.

414
RIYĀD AL-ȘĀLIĶĪN
Imām Abū Hanīfah & bases his view on the narration of Abū Dawud which states, "Witr is
established. Whoever does not perform Witr is not from us." Similarly, in the above hadith,
the command form (amr) is utilised, indicating compulsion (wujūb).
Hadīth 1133
، مِنْ أَوَّلِ اللَّْلِ، وَمِنْ أَوْسَطِهِ،
وعن عائشة ﴿ه، قالت: مِنْ كُلِّ اللَّيْلِ قَدْ أَوْتَرَ رسول الله
وَمِنْ آخِرِهِ، وَانْتَهَى وِتْرُهُ إِلَى السَّحَرِ . متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ .
'A'ishah ves narrates: "The Messenger of Allah
performed the Witr salah
at all portions of the night: the first portion, the middle and the last. His
Witr salah would extend to the last portion of the night." (Bukhārī, Muslim)
Commentary
This hadith indicates the time for the Witr salah. It can be performed at any time after the
'Ishā' șalāh until subķ ļādiq (break of dawn).
Hadīth 1134
، قَالَ : ((اجْعَلُوا آخِرَ صَلاَتِكُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ وِتْراً)) متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ .
وعن ابن عمر ◌َّها ، عن النَّبِيِّ
Ibn 'Umar > narrates that the Messenger of Allah
said: "Make the Witr
șalāh the last of your salāhs at night." (Bukhārī, Muslim, Ahmad)
Commentary
It is best and most virtuous that the last salah to be performed at night be the Witr salah.
The reason for this is that the Witr salah is superior to Sunnah, Nafl and Tahajjud salah, hence
it is best that one ends his good actions with that which is most superior. As for the two
rak'āts which the Messenger
generally performed after Witr, while sitting, this was the
completion of the Witr just as the Sunnah are a completion of the Fard salah. These Sunnah
and Nafl salahs compensate for any shortcomings in the Fard and Witr respectively.
Hadīth 1135
٤، قَالَ : ((أوْتِرُوا قَبْلَ أنْ تُصْبِحُوا)) رواه مسلم .
: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ
وعن أبي سعيد الخدري ،
Abū Sa'īd al-Khudrī &
narrates that the Messenger of Allah
said:
"Perform the Witr salah before the morning." (Muslim, Tirmidhī, Ibn Mājah)

415
RIYĀD AL-ȘĀLIĶĪN
Commentary
According to the Hanafi scholars, Witr salah is Wajib, hence one who misses it, has to perform
gadā' of it in compensation. According to the other Imams, since Witr is Sunnah, there is no
gadā' if it is omitted.
Hadith 1136
﴿ كَانَ يُصَلِّي صَلاَتَهُ بِاللَّيْلِ ، وَهِيَ مُعْتَرِضَةٌ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ، فَإِذَا بَقِيَ
وعن عائشة ﴾: أَنَّ النَّبِيّ.
الوِتْرُ ، أَيْقَظَهَا فَأَوْتَرَتْ . رواه مسلم .
وفي روايةٍ لَهُ : فَإِذَا بَقِيَ الوِتْرُ ، قَالَ : (( قُومِي فَأُوتِرِي يَا عَائِشَةُ )) .
'A'ishah we
narrates that the Messenger of Allah
used to perform his
șalāh at night while she was lying down in front of him. When only the Witr
șalāh remained, he would wake her up and she would perform the Witr salāh.
Another narration has: "When only the Witr salah remained, he would say:
'O 'A'ishah, wake up and perform the Witr salah." (Muslim, Bayhaqī)
Commentary
Since Witr is of greater importance than Sunnah salahs, according to the the Hanafi scholars,
the Messenger
stressed its performance to 'A'ishah «
Additional Points
v It is permissible for a person to perform salah when another person is sleeping in front
of him.
Hadīth 1137
13
، قَالَ : (( بَادِرُوا الصُّبْحَ بِالوِتْرِ )) رواه أبو داود والترمذي
: أن النبيَّ
وعن ابن عمرَ نَّ
، وقال : (( حديث حسن صحيح )) .
Ibn 'Umar
narrates that the Messenger of Allah
said: "Perform the
Witr salah before the break of dawn." (Muslim, Ahmad, Abū Dāwūd, Tirmidhī)
Hadith 1138
وعن جابر طه، قَالَ: قَالَ رسولُ اللهِ ﴾: ((مَنْ خَافَ أنْ لاَ يَقُومَ مِنْ آخِرِ اللَّْلِ ، فَلْيُوتِرْ
أوَّلَهُ ، وَمَنْ طَمِعَ أنْ يَقُومَ آخِرَهُ فَلْيُوتِرْ آخِرَ اللَّيلِ ، فَإِنَّ صَلاَةَ آخِرِ اللَّيْلِ مَشْهُودَةٌ ، وَذَلِكَ

416
RIYĀD AL-ȘĀLIĶĪN
أفضل )) رواه مسلم .
Jābir dog narrates that the Messenger of Allah
said: "One who fears that
he will not wake up in the last part of the night should perform the Witr
salah in the first part. One who intends waking up in the last part should
perform the Witr salah in the last part. Salah performed in the last part of
the night is attended (by the angels), and that is the best." (Muslim, Bayhaqī)
Commentary
The best time to perform Witr is the last portion of the night. However, if a person fears that he
will not wake up, then he should perform it before sleeping, so that it does not become qada'.
The last portion of the night is blessed because the angels descend at that time. One who
performs salah then is granted blessings and mercy from Allah Je.
CHAPTER 206
باب فضل صلاة الضحى وبيان أقلها وأكثرها وأوسطها ، والحث عَلَى المحافظة عَلَيْهَا
Chapter on the virtue of Salat al-Duha, clarification of its minimum,
maximum and intermediate number, and encouragement to safeguard it
Hadith 1139
بِصِيَامٍ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ ، وَرَكْعَتَي
عن أَبي هريرة ﴿هَ، قَالَ : أَوْصَانِي خَلِيلِي
الضُّحَى ، وَأنْ أُوتِرَ قَبْلَ أنْ أرْقُدَ . متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ .
وَالإِيتَارُ قَبْلَ النَّوْمِ إِنَّمَا يُسْتَحَبُّ لِمَنْ لاَ يَثِقُ بِالاسْتِقَاظِ آخِرَ اللَّيْلِ فَإِنْ وَثِقَ، فَآَخِرُ اللَّيْلِ أَفْضَلُ .
Abū Hurayrah 4% narrates: "My bosom friend, (the Messenger of Allah
advised me to fast three days in every month, to perform two rak'āts
of Șalāt al-Duļā and that I perform the Witr salah before going to sleep."
(Bukhārī, Muslim, Ahmad)
Performing the Witr salah before going to sleep is preferable for one who
fears that he will not be able to wake up in the latter part of the night. If
he feels he will be able to wake up, then it will be preferable for him to
perform it in the latter part of the night.

417
RIYĀD AL-ȘĀLIĶĪN
Commentary
The hadith encourages us to do three things, one of which is to perform Salat al-Duha.
Fasting three days every month is equivalent to fasting throughout the year since every good
deed is multiplied by ten. The best days to fast are the 13th, 14th and 15th of the Islamic
month which are known as Ayyam al-Bid, however one may fast any of the days of the month.
Hadith 1140
، قَالَ : (( يُصْبحُ عَلَى كُلِّ سُلاَمَى مِنْ أَحَدِكُمْ صَدَقَةٌ :
وعن أَبِي ذَرِّ ﴿ّه، عن النَّبِّ
فَكُلُّ تَسْبِيحَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ ، وَكُلُّ تَحْمِيدَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ ، وَكُلُّ تَهْلِيلَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ ، وَكُلُّ تَكْبِيرَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ ، وَأَمْرٌ
بِالمَعْرُوفِ صَدَقَةٌ ، وَنَهْيٌّ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ صَدَقَةٌ ، وَيُجْزِىء مِنْ ذَلِكَ رَكْعَتَانِ يَرْكَعُهُمَا مِن الضُّحَى
)) رواه مسلم .
Abū Dharr
narrates that the Messenger of Allah
said: "Every morning,
charity is due on behalf of every joint of your body. Every tasbīh (Subhanallāh
- glorification of Allāh) is charity; every tahmīd (alhamdulillah - praise of Allāh)
is charity; every tahlīl (lā ilāhā illallah - proclamation of the oneness of Allah)
is charity; every takbīr (Allahu akbar - expression of the greatness of Allah) is
charity; commanding good is charity; and forbidding evil is charity. However, two
rak'āts of șalāh at mid-morning (Șalāt al-Duļā) suffices for all of this." (Muslim)
Commentary
This hadith was mentioned previously. See hadith 118. It is mentioned here to illustrate the
virtue of Șalāt al-Duņā.
The minimum amount of rak'āts for Salat al-Duha is two and the maximum is twelve.
Hadith 1141
وعن عائشة ره، قالت: كَانَ رسولُ اللهِ ﴿ يُصَلِّي الضُّحَى أرْبَعاً، وَيَزِيدُ مَا شَاءَ الله .
رواه مسلم .
'A'ishah was narrates: "The Messenger of Allah
used to perform four
rak'āts for Șalāt al-Duļā and he would add on as many as Allah willed."
(Muslim, Ahmad, Bayhaqī)

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RIYĀD AL-ȘĀLIĶĪN
Hadith 1142
وعن أُمَّ هَانِىٍ فاختة بنت أَبِي طالب عليه، قالت: ذَهَبْتُ إِلَى رَسولِ اللهِ ﴿، عَامَ الفَتْحِ
فَوَجَدْتُهُ يَغْتَسِلُ ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ غُسْلِهِ ، صَلَّى ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ، وَذَلِكَ ضُحىّ. متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ . وهذا
مختصرُ لفظِ إحدى روايات مسلم.
Umm Hāni' Fākhitah bint Abī Țālib was narrates: "I went to the Messenger
of Allāh
during the conquest of Makkah and found him performing
ghusl. When he completed his ghusl, he performed eight rak'āts and that
was Șalāt al-Duņā." (Bukhārī, Muslim)
Commentary
Șalāt al-Duņā has numerous virtues. One of these is mentioned in a hadith narrated by Abū
Hurayrah de wherein the Messenger
said, "One who safeguards the two rak'āts of Salat al-
Duļā, his sins will be forgiven, even if they equal the foam of the ocean." (Tirmidhi, Ibn Mājah)
CHAPTER 207
باب تجويز صلاة الضحى من ارتفاع الشمس إِلَى زوالها والأفضل أن تُصلَّى عِنْدَ اشتداد الحر وارتفاع
الضحى
Chapter on the permissibility of performing Salat al-Duha from after sunrise
until mid-day; it is best to perform it when it is relatively hot and at mid-
morning
Hadith 1143
عن زيد بن أَرْقَم ◌ِلهُ: أَنَّهُ رَأَى قَوْماً يُصَلُّونَ مِنَ الضُّحَى، فَقَالَ: أمَا لَقَدْ عَلِّمُوا أَنَّ الصَّلاَةَ
فِي غَيْرِ هذِهِ السَّاعَةِ أَفْضَلُ، إنَّ رسولَ الله :﴿ه، قَالَ: ((صَلاَةُ الأَوَّابِينَ حِيْنَ تَرْمَضُ الفِصَالُ
)) رواه مسلم .
(( تَرْمَضُ )) بفتح التاء والميم وبالضاد المعجمة ، يعني : شدة الحر .
وَ((الفِصَالُ )) جَمْعُ فَصِيلٍ وَهُوَ : الصَّغِيرُ مِنَ الإِبِلِ .
Zayd ibn Arqam kg
narrates that he saw some people performing Salat
al-Duļā, so he said: "Do they not know that salah performed at a time

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RIYĀD AL-ȘĀLIĶĪN
other than now is better? The Messenger of Allah
said: 'The salah of
those who repent to Allah is performed when it is relatively hot."" (Muslim,
Ahmad, Bayhaqī)
Commentary
The time to perform Salat al-Duha is from after sunrise until midday, however the best time is
when it is quite hot. In this hadith, the people performed it as soon as the time commenced,
hence Zayd 4% advised them to perform it just before midday.
It is also recommended to perform 2 or 4 rak'āts immediately after sunrise. (Tirmidhī) This
șalāh is generally referred to as Șalāt al-Ishrāq.
CHAPTER 208
باب الحث عَلَى صلاة تحية المسجد بركعتين وكراهة الجلوس قبلٍ أن يصلي ركعتين في أي وقت
دخل وسواء صلّى ركعتين بنية التَّحِيَّةِ أوْ صلاة فريضة أوْ سنة راتبة أوْ غيرها
Chapter on the encouragement to perform two rak'āts of Tahiyyat al-Masjid,
and the detestability of sitting down before doing so, at whatever time one
enters the masjid, and irrespective whether he offers these two rak'ats with
the intention of Tahiyyat al-Masjid, an obligatory salah, a Sunnah salah, etc.
Hadith 1144
: ((إِذَا دَخَلَ أحَدُكُمُ المَسْجِدَ ، فَلاَ يَجْلِسْ
عن أَبي قتادة وعُّهَ، قَالَ : قَالَ رسول الله
حَتَّى يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنٍ )) متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ .
Abu Qatadah 4% narrates that the Messenger of Allah
said: "When any
of you enters the masjid, he should not sit down before performing two
rak'āts." (Bukhārī, Muslim)
Hadith 1145
﴿ وَهُوَ فِي المَسْجِدِ ، فَقَالَ : ((صَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ)) متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ .
وعن جابرِ رَّهِ، قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ:
Jābir dog narrates: "I came to the Messenger of Allah
when he was in
the masjid. He said: 'Perform two rak'āts." (Bukhārī, Muslim, Ibn Mājah, Ahmad)

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RIYĀD AL-ȘĀLIĶĪN
Commentary
When a person enters the masjid, he should perform two rak'āts of Tahiyyat al-Masjid. According
to the majority of the scholars, this salah is Mustahab, whilst others are of the view that it
is Wajib. If any other salah such as the Fard or Sunnah Mu'akkadah are performed with the
intention of Tahiyyat al-Masjid, then one will also receive the promised reward. If a person
enters the masjid and sits down, he may still perform this salah, according to the Hanafi
scholars. According to Imam Shafi'ī (0), the salah cannot be performed after sitting down.
CHAPTER 209
باب استحباب ركعتين بعد الوضوء
Chapter on the desirability of performing two rak'āts after wudū'
Hadith 1146
قَالَ لِلاَلٍ: (( يَا بِلاَلُ، حَدِّثْنِي بِأَرْجَى عَمَلٍ عَمِلْتَهُ
عن أَبي هريرة ﴿ه: أنَّ رسول الله
فِي الإِسْلاَمِ ، فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ دَفَّ نَعْلَيْكَ بَيْنَ يَدَيَّ في الجَنَّةِ )) قَالَ: مَا عَمِلْتُ عَمَلاَ أرْجَى
عِنْدِي مِنْ أَنِّي لَمْ أَتَطَهَّرْ طُهُوراً فِي سَاعَةٍ مِنْ لَيْلٍ أَوْ نَهَارٍ إِلَّ صَلَّيْتُ بِذَلِكَ الطَّهُورِ مَا كُتِبَ
لِي أنْ أُصَلِّي . متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ ، وهذا لفظ البخاري .
(( الدَّفُّ)) بالفاءِ: صَوْتُ النَّعْلِ وَحَرَكَتُهُ عَلَى الأَرْضِ ، واللهُ أَعْلَم .
Abū Hurayrah
narrates that the Messenger of Allah
asked Bilāl
"O Bilāl, tell me about the action of which you are most hopeful in Islam as
I heard your footsteps ahead of me in Paradise." Bilal 4
s replied: "I have
not done any action of which I am most hopeful except that whenever I
perform wudu', at any time of day or night, I perform after that wudū' the
șalāh that Allāh destined that I should perform." (Bukhārī, Muslim, Ahmad)
Vocabulary and Definitions
While the word (, 4% has been translated as wudu' it can equally apply to ghusl and tayammum,
since purity is attained by all these methods.
Commentary
This hadith explains the great reward of entrance into Paradise for one who punctually