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Rasulullah Uckauf replied: "I waited for you (but you did not come). The booty
has now been distributed. You may choose one of the two, the prisoners or the
wealth." They replied: "You have given us a choice with regard to our wealth and
progeny. We choose our progeny. We will not ask you anything further regarding
the camels and goats."
Rasulullah Uckauf said: "Whatever has come to my family and to the Banu
Haashim and Banu Muttalib, is all yours. However, whatever has gone into the
share of the other Muslims, you should stand up after the Zuhr Salaah and speak to
the people. I will intercede on your behalf." Consequently, the orators from the
Hawaazin delegation delivered very eloquent speeches after the Zuhr Salaah and
requested the Muslims to set free their prisoners. Resulullah togattaauf then stood
up to deliver a speech. He first praised and glorified Allah Ta'ala and then said:
"These brothers of yours from the Hawaazin have embraced Islam. I have given the
share that came to me and my family to them. I consider it appropriate that other
Muslims also return their prisoners to them. Whoever does this voluntarily and
willingly, it will be better. If not, I am prepared to pay the recompense thereof later
on." They all replied that they would return them voluntarily and willingly. In so
doing, 6 000 prisoners were immediately freed.
From among these prisoners of war was Rasulullah's Lcleaf foster sister by
the name of Shima'. When the people captured her, she informed them that she
was the sister of the Messenger of Allah. The people brought her before Rasulullah
I am !صَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ in order to verify this claim. She said: "O Muhammad صَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
your sister." She then showed him the proof thereof that when he was young, he
had bitten her. She then showed him the mark. Rasulullah a recognised it
and welcomed her. He offered her a shawl on which to sit. Resulullah's digest auf
eyes were filled with tears out of extreme happiness. He said to her: "If you wish,
you may live with me with respect and honour. If you wish, you may return to
your tribe." She replied that she would like to return to her tribe. She embraced
Islam. When she was departing, Rasulullah Leaf gave her some camels, goats,
three male slaves and one female slave.
The senior Quraysh who embraced Islam on the conquest of Makkah were still
weak in their faith. Imaan was not firmly embedded in their hearts as yet. In the
Qur-aan they are referred to as, "those whose hearts are to be reconciled".
Rasulullah Ucleai gave them a large share during the distribution of the booty.
Some received 100 camels, others 200, while yet others received 300.
In short, whatever was given, was given to the noblemen from the Quraysh.
The Ansaar were not given anything. It is for this reason that some youngsters
from the Ansaar said: "The Messenger of Allah Ta'ala gave the Quraysh while he
did not give anything to us, whereas it is our swords that are still dripping with
their blood." Others said: "We are called to help during times of difficulties, but the
booty is distributed amongst other people." When Rasulullah Lyckats heard this,
he gathered the Ansaar and addressed them saying:

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صَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ Seeratul Mustafa
"O Ansaar! What is this that I am hearing?" The Ansaar replied: "O
Messenger of Allah! None of our leading and senior people said this. Rather, it was
some youngsters." Rasulullah Leaf said: "O group of Ansaar! Were you not
astray when Allah Ta'ala guided you through me? You were enemies to each other
and Allah Ta'ala united you through me. You were poor and destitute, and Allah
Ta'ala gave you prosperity through me." The Ansaar replied: "Whatever you said is
absolutely true and correct. Without doubt, Allah Ta'ala and His Messenger have
been extremely kind to us." Rasulullah kaf said: "You can reply to my
statements by saying: 'O Muhammad! When people rejected you, it was we who
believed in you. When you were without any helpers, it was we who came to your
assistance. When you were without any support and base, it was we who gave you
refuge. When you were poor, it was we who saw to your needs.' O group of
Ansaar! Are you grieving over the fact that I gave a little wealth and a few dirhams
of this world which have no real value (compared to the treasures of the hereafter)
to a few people merely to reconcile their hearts towards Islam, and that I left you
out because I have full confidence on your Islam, Imaan, conviction and
dedication?"
Rasulullah Uckai then said: "The Quraysh have been afflicted by the
difficulties and hardships of imprisonment (in other words, in comparison to the
Muslims, they were afflicted by numerous physical and monetary hardships). I
therefore wish to make up for this loss by giving them something, and I wish to
reconcile their hearts to Islam. In the different battles, their families and close
relatives were killed or imprisoned, and they had to face various types of hardships
and humiliations. Allah Ta'ala safeguarded you from all this. It is therefore
appropriate to give such people from the booty in order to reconcile their hearts.
On the other hand, you are believers. You are blessed with the unique and eternal
wealth of Imaan and conviction. What! Are you not pleased that people take camels
and goats and return to their homes while you take the Messenger of Allah with
you? I take an oath by that being (Allah) in whose control is my life, that had the
emigration not been something that was destined by Allah Ta'ala, I would have
also been from the Ansaar. If the people follow a particular mountain pass and the
Ansaar follow a different mountain pass, I will follow the mountain pass that is
followed by the Ansaar. O Allah! Show Your mercy and kindness to the Ansaar
and their progenies."
No sooner had Rasulullah stugakauf said this, the Ansaar began screaming out
and crying to such an extent that their beards became wet. They said: "We are
completely happy with this distribution that Allah Ta'ala and His Messenger
Lycka. fall into our lot." The people dispersed thereafter.

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Umrah Ji'irraanah
On the 8th of Zul Qa'dah, Resulullah gateau left Ji'irraanah for Makkah with
the intention of performing Umrah. On reaching there, he appointed 'Itaab ibn
Usayd Medkg as the governor of Makkah and left Mu'aaz ibn Jabal deals with him
for the purpose of teaching him Islam. After two months and 16 days, Rasulullah
.returned to Madinah on 27 Zul Qa dah صَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
The prohibition of mut'ah2
When Rasulullah Uclea left Autaas for Umrah, he stood at the door of the
Ka'bah, held its two sides and announced: "Mut'ah has been made unlawful till the
Day of Resurrection." Since this announcement was made at night and few people
were present there, everyone did not hear this announcement properly. It is for this
reason that some people unwittingly committed mut'ah after this announcement as
well. Rasulullah ckauf again announced its unlawfulness during the battle of
Tabuk. Later on, during the caliphate of 'Umar deaths, some people committed
mut'ah also due to lack of knowledge. On hearing about this, he stood on the
mimbar and said: "The Prophet Laf made mut'ah unlawful. It was
committed several times during his time due to lack of knowledge. He did not take
anyone to task for this. The unlawfulness of mut'ah is firmly established. Now,
after this announcement, if anyone commits mut'ah, I will implement the
punishment of adultery on him." After this announcement of 'Umar deduke, mut'ah
came to an end.
Other incidents that took place in this year (8 A.H.)
1.
Itaab ibn Usayd Medbe made the Muslims perform the Haj as was performed
by the Arabs.
صَلَّاللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ the son of Rasulullah , رضى اللَّهُ عَنْهُ In the month of Zul Hijjah, Ibraaheem .2
was born from Maariyah Qibtiyyah (café.
3.
Rasulullah ◌َصَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم appointed 'Amr ibn 'Aas ◌ُرَضِّ اللَّهُ عَنْه as a collector of zakaah
and sent him towards 'Ummaan (Oman) for this purpose.
4. Rasulullah Leaf sent Ka'b ibn 'Umayr deals towards Zat Ittila', a place
in Syria, to invite them towards Islam. Fifteen people accompanied him. The
2 Temporary marriage

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people of that place killed all the Muslims except for one, who saved himself
and returned to Madinah.
The appointment of governors
After the conquest of Makkah, almost the entire Arabian Peninsula came under
Islamic control. A need was therefore felt for the organisation of an Islamic state. In
order to establish the control of Islam, Rasulullah Llal appointed different
governors for the different areas. Baazaan ibn Saasaan was appointed as the
governor of Yemen. He was originally the governor of Yemen on behalf of
Khusroes. When the latter was killed, Baazaan embraced Islam. Rasulullah
Lskal. therefore maintained him as the governor of Yemen. He held this post
till the day he passed away. When he passed away, his son, Shahr ibn Baazaan, was
appointed as the governor of San'a, the capital of Yemen. When Shahr passed
away, Khalid ibn Sa'eed ibn 'Aas Umawi was appointed governor. Ziyaad ibn
Labid Ansaari was appointed governor of Hadramaut. Abu Musa Ash'ari cedule
was appointed governor of Zabid and Mu'aaz ibn Jabal Meals was appointed
governor of the city Jand which was in Yemen. Abu Sufyaan ibn Harb deals was
appointed governor of Najraan. His son, Yazeed was appointed governor of
Timami. 'Itaab ibn Usayd Meals was appointed governor of Makkah. Ali dedulse
was appointed the judge of Yemen.
The 9th year A.H.
In the month of Muharram 9 A.H., Rasulullah Leaf despatched zakaat
collectors to different areas and tribes.
The expedition of 'Uyaynah ibn Hisn Fazaari
Rasulullah Uclea sent Bishr ibn Sufyaan 'Adawi in order to collect zakaat. The
people were prepared to pay the zakaat but the Banu Tameem created obstacles and
said: "By Allah! Not a single camel will leave this place." They unsheathed their
swords and were prepared to fight. On seeing this, Bishr &dl returned.
Rasulullah Uck. therefore appointed 'Uyaynah ibn Hisn Fazaari over 50
people and sent them to a place called Suqyaa, where the Banu Tameem lived. This
place is 17 miles from Juhfah. On reaching there at night, they launched an attack.
Eleven men, 21 women and 30 children were captured and brought to Madinah.
The Banu Tameem were forced to send a delegation of 10 people to Rasulullah
Stigatedin. The following personalities were also among these 10 people: 'Attaar
ibn Haajib, Zibirqaan, Qays ibn 'Aasim and Agra' ibn Haabis. When they reached

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Madinah, they stood behind the rooms of Resulullah togatta and called out to
him: "O Muhammad! Come outside so that we may compete with you in poetry.
Our praise is a source of embellishment and our criticism is a source of blemish."
Rasulullah Ucía replied: "This is the prerogative of Allah Ta'ala alone. As for
me, I am neither a poet nor have I been commanded to be boastful." The following
verses were revealed in this regard:
إِنَّ الَّذِيْنَ يُنَادُوْنَكَ مِنْ وَرَآءِ الْحُجُرُتِ آَكْثَرُهُمْ لَا يَعْقِلُوْنَ (٤) وَلَوْ اَنَّهُمْ صَبَرُوْا حَتّى تَخْرُجَ
إِلَيْهِمْ لَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَّهُمُ وَاللهُ غَفُوْرُ زَّحِيمٌ
"Surely those who call out to you from behind the rooms, most of them do not have
intelligence. Had they remained patient until you went out to them, it would have
been better for them. Allah is forgiving, merciful." [Surah Hujuraat, verse 4-5]
Rasulullah Ucieauf. eventually came out and performed the Zuhr Salaah. On
completing the Salaah, he sat in the courtyard of the Masjid. The delegation said to
him: "We have come to compete with you in self praise. Permit our poet and orator
to recite." Rasulullah Ligakauf replied: "He has my permission."
The speech of 'Ataarid ibn Haajib
The orator and speaker from the Banu Tameem, 'Ataarid ibn Haajib, stood up and
delivered this speech:
"All praise is due to Allah who has been kind to us. It is He who made us kings and
gave us plenty of wealth with which we do good. He made us the most honourable of
the people of the east, the largest in number, and the most in possessions. So who
among people are like us? Are we not the leaders of people and the most superior of
them? Whoever wants to compete with us should enumerate the qualities that we
enumerated. Had we wished, we would have said much more. However, we feel shy
to say too much. And we know this very well. I am saying this at present. I
challenge you to say something similar to what I said or better than what I said."
After delivering this speech, Ataarid sat down. Rasulullah kaf asked Saabit
ibn Qays ibn Shammaas Ansaari Meals to give a reply. Saabit ibn Qays deals
immediately stood up and said:
"All praise is due to Allah who created the heavens and the earth and promulgated
His laws therein. His knowledge encompasses everything. All that is existing is
doing so solely out of His grace. It is out of His power that He made us kings and
sent His best creation as a Messenger, who surpasses the entire creation in his
lineage, who is the most truthful of them in speech, and the most superior in his
nobility. He revealed to him a Book and made him a trust to the entire creation. He

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صَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ Seeratul Mustafa
is thus the most beloved to Allah from the entire creation. He then invited the people
to believe in him. The Muhaajireen from his people and his close relatives believed
in him. They have the best lineage from people, they enjoy the most distinction, and
they have the best deeds. Then we (the Ansaar) were the first to respond to Allah
Ta'ala when the Messenger of Allah invited us. We are thus the helpers of Allah
and the ministers of the Messenger of Allah Ta'ala. We wage Jihaad against the
people till they believe in Allah. Whoever believes in Allah and His Messenger
ArkáLÍ, his wealth and life is safeguarded. Whoever rejects, we fight him forever
for the sake of Allah. And it is very easy for us to kill him. This is what I have to
say. I seek forgiveness from Allah for myself, the believing men and the believing
women. Peace be upon you."
After this, Zibirqaan ibn Badr sang a poem in praise of his people. Rasulullah
to give a reply to it. The latter immediately رَضِ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ asked Hassaan صَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
responded by saying a poem. Aqra' ibn Haabis (who was part of the Saqeef
delegation) said: "I take an oath by Allah that your speaker is better than ours, and
your poet is better than ours." They all then embraced Islam. Rasulullah Lexi
gave them some gifts and returned their prisoners to them.
The expedition of Waleed ibn 'Uqbah ibn Abi Mu'eet
Rasulullah ◌َصَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم sent Waleed ibn Uqbah ◌ُرَضَ اللَّهُ عَنْه to the Bani Mustaliq tribe in
order to collect the different charities. On hearing about this, these people came out
very happily, and arranged themselves in military fashion in order to welcome
Waleed. There had been a lengthy enmity since pre-Islamic times between
Waleed's family and the Bani Mustaliq. When Waleed saw them from a distance,
he assumed that because of this old enmity, these people have come out in order to
fight him. Therefore, Waleed turned back there and then. He went and informed
Rasulullah cleaf that these people have become apostates and they refused to
pay the zakaah. Rasulullah Ucieaf became surprised at hearing this news. He
was still pondering over this when this news reached the Bani Mustaliq. They
immediately sent a delegation to Rasulullah La and presented the actual
situation before him. The following verses were revealed:
يَاَيُّهَا الَّذِيْنَ امَنُوًّا إِنْ جَاءَ كُمْ فَاسِقٌّ بِنَبٍَ فَتَبَيَّنُوَّا أَنْ تُصِيْبُوْا قَوْمًا بِجَهَالَةٍ فَتُصْبِحُوْا عَلى مَا
فَعَلْتُمْ تُدِمِيْنَ
"O believers! If there comes to you a sinner with any information, then verify it lest
you harm some people out of ignorance, and later you become remorseful over what
you have done." [Surah Hujuraat, verse 6]

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The expedition of 'Abdullah ibn 'Ausjah dedikss
In Safar 9 A.H., Rasulullah ◌َصَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم sent 'Abdullah ibn 'Ausjah ◌ُرَضِ اللَّهُ عَنْه to the Bani
'Amr ibn Haarisah in order to invite them to Islam. Rasulullah Lai
despatched him with a letter from himself. These people refused to embrace Islam.
They took this letter of Rasulullah Leaf, washed it and tied it to the bottom of
a bucket. When 'Abdullah ◌ُرَضِّ اللَّهُ عَنْه returned to Rasulullah ◌َصَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم and informed
him of what transpired, he said: "What! Do these people have no intelligence? From
that time to this time, the people of this tribe have been foolish and immature.
They are devoid of intelligence and they are dumb."
The expedition of Qutbah ibn 'Aamir Kedikse
رَضِ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ sent Qutbah ibn 'Aamir صَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ It was in the same month that Rasulullah
at the command of 20 people to the Khash'am in order to wage Jihaad against
them. Qutbah xeals went, fought them and defeated them. He returned with some
camels, goats and prisoners. After taking out one fifth of the booty, each person
received four camels, and each camel was considered to be equal to 10 goats.
The expedition of Dahhaak ibn Sufyaan decks
In the month of Rabi'ul-Awwal, Rasulullah Leaf sent Dahhaak ibn Sufyaan
Kilaabi Medkg to the Bani Kilaab to invite them to Islam. The people refused and
began hurling abuses at Dahhaak Meals and Islam. They also prepared for war. A
battle ensued and they were defeated. Dahhaak Meals returned very happily to
Madinah with some booty.
The expedition of 'Alqamah ibn Mujazzaz Mudlaji deals
Rasulullah Ucieauf received information that some Abyssinians had come to
Jeddah. Rasulullah ◌َصَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم sent 'Alqamah ibn Mujazzaz ◌ُرَضِ اللَّهُ عَنْه with 300 men.
When these Abyssinians heard about this, they fled and disappeared. When the
Muslims were returning, some of the soldiers decided to hasten so that they could
reach their homes before the rest of the army. 'Alqamah deals ignited a fire and
ordered this group that was in a hurry to jump into the fire. Some of them were
prepared to jump. 'Alqamah Meals said to them: "Stop, I was merely joking with
you." When these people returned to Madinah, they informed Resulullah toget auf
of what transpired. Rasulullah Leaf said: "When anyone commands you to do
something wrong, do not listen to him."

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The expedition of Ali ibn Abi Taalib &dl
In Rabi ul-Aakhir 9 A.H. Rasulullah ◌َصَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم sent Ali ◌ُرَضِّ اللَّهُ عَنْه with 150-200 men to
the Tayy tribe in order to destroy their idol by the name of Fuls. On reaching there,
the Muslims attacked at night. Some people and cattle were captured. The temple in
which the idol was housed was destroyed and burnt down. They also brought two
swords that were in the temple. These were obtained by Haaris ibn Shamr. Among
those captured was the daughter of the icon of generosity, Haatim Taa'ie. Her
name was Saffaanah. On the other hand, Haatim's son, 'Adiyy ibn Haatim, fled to
Syria when he heard about the approach of the Muslim army. The reason he fled to
Syria was that there were many Christians there who subscribed to his beliefs. The
captives were brought to Madinah and kept near the Masjid. When Rasulullah
Latex passed by, Haatim's daughter stood up and said: "O Messenger of Allah!
My father has passed away. Furthermore, the person who was seeing to me has
fled. Be kind to us and Allah will be kind to you." Rasulullah kaf asked:
"Who was the one who was seeing to you and taking care of you?" She replied:
"My brother, 'Adiyy ibn Haatim." Rasulullah kaf said: "He is the one who
fled from Allah and His Messenger? It would be better if I show kindness to you.
However, do not hasten in returning. When I find some reliable person from your
tribe, I will send you back to your people." Within a few days, Rasulullah
Lclean found a few people from the Tayy tribe who were going towards Syria.
Due to his kindness and generosity, Rasulullah Leaf gave her a riding animal,
some provisions and some clothing, and sent her off. Saffaanah embraced Islam and
expressed her gratitude to Rasulullah ciao with the following words:
شکرتك ید افتقرت بعد غنی ولا ملکتك ید استغنت بعد فقر
وأصاب الله بمعروفك مواضعه ولا جعل لك إلى لئيم حاجة ولا
سلب نعمة عن کریم إلا وجعلك سببا لردها عليه
"May Allah make that hand of yours forever grateful. That hand which became
poor and empty after it had enjoyed prosperity. May that hand which became rich
after being poor never gain control over you. May Allah cause your kindness to be
forever found wherever it is needed. May Allah never make you in need of anything
from a wretched person. May Allah never snatch away any bounty from a kind
person without making you the means of returning it."
Saffaanah bid farewell to Rasulullah Leaf and returned to Syria. On reaching
there, she met her brother, 'Adiyy, and related the entire incident to him. He asked
her: "What do you think I should do?" She replied:

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أرى والله أن تلحق به سريعا فإن يك نبينا فالإسباق إليه فضيلة
وإن يك ملكا فلن تزال فى عز وأنت وأنت
"I take an oath by Allah that I think that you should meet him as quickly as
possible. If he is a Prophet, then to run and hasten towards him is very meritorious.
If he is a king, it will always be a source of honour. And you know very well."
On hearing this, 'Adiyy said: "This is a very good suggestion." He then presented
himself before Rasulullah atgalauf and embraced Islam.
Ka'b ibn Zuhayr embraces Islam
It was mentioned previously that this person used to compose poetry in which he
used to disgrace Rasulullah LEaf. On the conquest of Makkah, Ka'b ibn
Zuhayr and his brother, Bujayr ibn Zuhayr, fled from Makkah and went to a place
called Abraq al-Ghuraab. Bujayr said to Ka'b: "You remain here while I will go,
listen to Muhammad (cia ) and learn about his religion. If I establish his
truthfulness, I will follow him. If not, I will leave it." Ka'b remained there while
Bujayr went to Rasulullah Leaf, listened to what he had to say, and
immediately embraced Islam.
When Rasulullah caf returned from Taa'if and reached Madinah,
Bujayr wrote a letter to his brother informing him that those who used to compose
poetry in order to disgrace Resulullah Laiku were killed on the conquest of
Makkah. Those who were able to flee, fled. If you value your life, present yourself
immediately before Rasulullah ca. Whoever comes in repentance to him
and embraces Islam, is not killed. If you are unable to do this, go to a very distant
place where you could save yourself. When Ka'b learnt about this, he became
angry at the fact that Bujayr embraced Islam without consulting him. He then
wrote the following lines:
"O friends! Convey this message of mine to Bujayr. What is your opinion as regards
to whatever I have to say? How sad, what have you done? Explain to us, if you are
unable to remain on the religion of your forefathers, then what other path have you
chosen? You have chosen a path which you have neither found your mother nor
your father on. Nor have you found your brother on that path. If you do not act on
what I say, I will not grieve. I will not say anything to you at the time of your error.
The one who is trusted (Muhammad L,ckxf.) made you drink from a cup that
removes thirst."
Bujayr did not want this incident to be concealed from Rasulullah La. He
therefore showed these lines to him. Rasulullah Leaf said: "He is correct, I am

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trusted from Allah's side, and I am commanded by Him." On hearing the words:
"You have chosen a path which you have neither found your mother nor your
father on", he said: "This is also correct. Where did he find his father and mother
on this religion?"
In reply to the above lines, Bujayr wrote the following letter:
"Is there anyone who would convey this message to Ka'b? Do you have any desire to
enter that religion regarding which you wrongfully reproach me, when in actual
fact it is totally correct? It will convey you, not to Uzza and Laat, but to one Allah.
In so doing, you will also be saved when others who believed in one Allah are saved,
and you will also be safeguarded from the punishment. That is, on that day when
no one will be saved and no one will be able to escape (the punishment) except he
whose heart is pure (from the filth of polytheism and disbelief) and is a Muslim. So
the religion of Zuhayr is nothing. And the religion of my grandfather, Abu Sulma,
is prohibited to me (because I have entered the true religion of Islam)."
This letter of Bujayr had a great impact on Ka'b. He immediately wrote a poem in
praise of Rasulullah kaf and left for Madinah. He reached Madinah and
presented himself before Rasulullah Leaf after the Fajr Salaah. He did not
identify himself by his real name, and asked the following question: "O Messenger
of Allah! If Ka'b ibn Zuhayr comes to you in repentance and embraces Islam, will
you give him sanctity?" Rasulullah Lyckat replied in the affirmative. Ka'b said:
"O Messenger of Allah! I am that sinful person. Give me your hand so that I may
pledge allegiance to you." An Ansaari person stood up and said: "O Messenger of
Allah! Permit me to chop off his head." Rasulullah chef replied: "Let him be.
He has come in repentance."
He removed a Yemeni shawl which he was wearing and gave it to Ka'b deals.
Later on, Mu'aawiyah deals purchased this shawl from the progeny of Ka'b deals
for 20 000 dirhams. This shawl remained among the caliphs for quite some time.
They used to wear it on the occasions of Eid as a source of blessing. It was lost
when the Tartars attacked the Islamic state.

Chapter 25
The Battle of Tabuk - Rajab 9 A.H.
The Christian Arabs had written to Heraclius, the king of Rome, that Muhammad
(schaf.) passed away and that the people were dying because of the drought
that they were experiencing. It was therefore a very appropriate time to attack the
Arabs. Heraclius immediately issued the order for preparations. A fully equipped
army of 40 000 was prepared.
The traders of Syria frequented Madinah to sell olive oil. Rasulullah Lai
learnt from them about this army and that the front of the army had already
reached Balqa', and that Heraclius already distributed the entire year's wage to the
soldiers.
On hearing all of this, Rasulullah Ucieaf issued the order that preparations
should be made immediately so that they could reach the border of the enemy lines
and fight them. The border was Tabuk. The distant journey, the hot weather, the
drought, the poverty, the lack of resources, etc. were such impediments that on
hearing this order to prepare for Jihaad, the hypocrites, who claimed to be Muslims,
feared that they will now be exposed. In order to save themselves, they began
saying among themselves and to others as well:
لاَ تَنْفِرُوْا فِى الْحَرّ
"Do not go out in such heat."
One joker said: "People know that I become excited when I see beautiful women. I
fear that if I were to see the beautiful women of the Romans, I would fall into
temptation."
On the other hand, the sincere Muslims immediately followed the orders of
Rasulullah ◌َصَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم and began their preparations. Abu Bakr ◌ُرَضِّ اللَّهُ عَنْه was the first
person to bring all his wealth and present it before Rasulullah Leaf. The
wealth that he brought amounted to 4000 dirhams. Rasulullah i asked
521

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صَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ Seeratul Mustafa
him: "Did you leave anything behind for your family?" He replied: "I left Allah and
His Messenger for them." 'Umar Meals presented half of his entire wealth. 'Abdur
Rahmaan ibn 'Auf Meals presented 200 ounces of silver. 'Aasim ibn 'Adiyy deals
presented 70 loads of dates.
'Usmaan Medkg presented 300 fully laden camels and 1000 dinars. On seeing
all this, Rasulullah cka became extremely pleased with him. He continued
passing his hands through the coins saying: "After this great deed, no deed can
harm 'Usmaan. O Allah! I am pleased with 'Usmaan. You also be pleased with
him."
Most of the Sahaabah Reaks offered their help in accordance with their
financial position. Despite all this, the riding animals and the provisions for the
صَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ came to Rasulullah رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُم journey were not enough. A few Sahaabah
and said to him: "O Messenger of Allah! We are totally helpless. If some
arrangements for riding animals could be made, we will not be deprived of this
great opportunity (of joining you on this jihaad)." Rasulullah Leaf replied: "I
have no riding animals with me." On hearing this, they went back crying. Allah
Ta'ala revealed the following verse in this regard:
وَلَا عَلَى الَّذِيْنَ إِذَا مَآ أَتَوْكَ لِنَحْمِلَهُمْ قُلْتَ لَآَ اَجِدُ مَآ أَحْمِلُكُمْ عَلَيْهٌ تَوَلَّوْا وَ أَعْيُنُهُمْ تَفِيْضُ
مِنَ الدَّمْعِ حَزَنَا الَّا يَجِدُوْا مَا يُنْفِقُوْنَ
"Nor (is there a way of reproach) against those who came to you so that you may
provide them with conveyances and you said: 'I do not have anything upon which I
could convey you.' They turned away, their eyes flowing with tears out of sorrow
that they do not have that which they could spend." [Surah Taubah, verse 92]
When 'Abdullah ibn Mughaffal deaths and Abu Layla 'Abdur Rahmaan ibn Ka'b
they met Yaameen ibn 'Amr , صَلَّاللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ went back crying from Rasulullah رَضِ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ
Nadri on the way. On seeing them crying, he asked them the reason for this. They
replied: "Neither does Rasulullah Uckaf have riding animals for us nor do we
possess the means to prepare for the journey. We are extremely sad over the fact
that we will be deprived of taking part in this battle." On hearing this, Yaameen
was overcome with compassion. He immediately purchased a camel and made
arrangements for the provisions for the journey.
When the Sahaabah رَضَى اللهُ عَنْهُم were ready to depart, Rasulullah ◌َصَلَّاللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم left
Muhammad ibn Maslamah Ansaari Medkg in charge and appointed him as the
governer of Madinah. He also left Ali Mexkg in order to see to his family and take
care of them. Ali ◌ُرَضِّ اللَّهُ عَنْه said to Rasulullah ◌َصَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم :"O Messenger of Allah! You
are leaving me with the women and children!" Rasulullah Leaf replied: "Are

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you not pleased over the fact that you are to me just as Haroon Wiele was to Musa
philate? However, there is no Prophet after me."
Rasulullah Ucieaf. eventually departed from Madinah at the head of an
army of 30 000 in which there were 10 000 horses.
On the way, they had to pass that place in which the punishment of Allah
Ta'ala had afflicted Samud. When passing this place, Rasulullah Uclea was
affected so greatly, that he covered his face and urged his camel to move faster. He
emphasised on the Sahaabah peaks, that no one should go to this place of
wrongdoers. No one should drink water from there and no one should perform
wudhu with the water of that place. They should merely pass by that place crying
out to Allah Ta'ala. He ordered that those who had mistakenly taken water from
there or used that water in their flour should throw that water away and feed that
flour to their camels.
On reaching a place called Hijr, Rasulullah kauf advised the Sahaabah
Reaks not to travel alone (they should move about in groups). Coincidentally, two
persons went out alone. One of them suffered from suffocation. Rasulullah
Lckal. blew on him and he was cured. The other was carried by the winds and
thrown onto the mountains of Tayy. He returned to Madinah after quite some time.
When the Muslims continued futher, there was no water. They were greatly
distressed by this. Rasulullah Leaf made dua to Allah Ta'ala. He sent down
rain which quenched everyone. When they continued on their journey,
Rasulullah's clean camel got lost. A hypocrite who was with them said: "You
bring to us information from the heavens (i.e. divine revelation) but you do not
even know where your camel is."
Rasulullah caf replied: "I take an oath in the name of Allah Ta'ala that I
have no knowledge of anything except that which Allah Ta'ala teaches me.
Nonetheless now, by the inspiration of Allah Ta'ala, I have learnt that my lost
camel is in such and such valley. Its bridle got caught to a branch and it therefore
cannot move forward." A few Sahaabah Acaly went and brought this camel.
About a day or so before reaching Tabuk, Rasulullah clef informed the
Sahaabah Kedks that they would reach the spring of Tabuk by mid-morning the
following day. No person should use any water from that spring. When they
reached that spring, water was dripping from it, drop by drop. After much toiling,
they were able to gather a container of water. Rasulullah Lyckats washed his
hands and face with that water and then returned the water to the spring. No
sooner he did this and it began gushing forth with water. The entire army used as
رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ addressed Mu'aaz ibn Jabal صَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ much as they needed. Rasulullah
saying: "If you remain alive, you will see this land green and lush with orchards."
This fountain is gushing forth till today and you can hear the gushing of the water
from quite a distance.

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صَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ Seeratul Mustafa
Rasulullah Usckáį remained in Tabuk for twenty days but no one came to
wage battle against him. However, his coming here was not in vain. It was a source
of intimidation for the enemy. The surrounding tribes came and submitted before
him. The leaders from Jarba, Adhruh and Aylah came to him and agreed to make
peace and pay jizyah. Resulullah Ligakauf ordered that a peace treaty be written
and signed, and he gave it to them.
It was from this place that Rasulullah Laf despatched Khalid ibn
Waleed deals with 400 horsemen towards Akidar who was acting on behalf of
Heraclius as the governor of Dumat al-Jandal. When he was departing, Rasulullah
You will find him hunting. Do not":رَضِاللَّهُ عَنْهُ said to Khaalid ibn Waleed صَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
kill him. Rather, capture him and bring him to me. If he refuses, you may kill him."
Khalid ibn Waleed decks reached on a moon-lit night. It was summer. Akidar and
his wife were sitting outside on the balcony of the fortress listening to some
singing. Suddenly a nilgai (type of buck) came and knocked into the fortress.
Akidar, his brother and a few other relatives immediately came down to hunt this
animal. They mounted their horses and gave chase. They had just moved a little
when Khalid ibn Waleed &dlss reached there. Akidar's brother, Hassaan, engaged
in combat with Khaalid Medle, and was killed. As for Akidar who was in chase of
an animal was now himself hunted by Khaalid &edule. The latter said to him: "I can
give you refuge from being killed provided you agree to come with me to the
Messenger of Allah ◌َصَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم ." Akidar agreed to this. Khaalid ◌ُرَضِّ اللَّهُ عَنْه took him to
Rasulullah ◌َصَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم .He agreed to a peace treaty with Rasulullah ◌َصَلَّاللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم after
paying him 2000 camels, 800 horses, 400 coats of armour, and 400 spears.
Masjidud Diraar
After remaining there for 20 days, Rasulullah caf returned from Tabuk to
Madinah. When he reached Zi Aawaan, which was about one hour from Madinah,
he sent Maalik ibn Dakhshan and Ma'n ibn 'Adiyy in order to demolish and burn
down Masjidud Diraar. This Masjid was built by the hypocrites so that they may
use it as an assembly point to discuss matters against Rasulullah kaf. At the
time when Rasulullah Ucla was departing for Tabuk, the hypocrites came to
him and said: "We have built a Masjid for the sick and excused people. We invite
you to come and offer one Salaah in it so that it may be accepted and be blessed (by
Allah)." Rasulullah ctif replied: "At present, I am going to Tabuk. I will
decide on my return." On his return, Rasulullah Lciauf ordered the above-
mentioned companions to go and destroy it. The following verses were revealed
with regard to this Masjid:

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وَالَّذِيْنَ اتَّخَذُوْا مَسْجِدًا ضِرَارًا وَ كُفْرًا وَتَفْرِ يْقًا بَيْنَ الْمُؤْمِنِيْنَ وَ إِرْصَادًا لِّمَنْ حَارَبَ اللهَ
وَرَسُوْلَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَلَيَحْلِفُنَّ إِنْ آَرَدْنَآ إِلَّا الْحُسْلُ وَاللهُ يَشْهَدُ إِنَّهُمْ لَكُذِبُوْنَ ـ لَا تَقُمْ فِيْهِ
اَبَلَا تَّمَسْجِدُ أُسِسَ عَلَى التَّقْوى مِنْ أَوَّلِ يَوْمِ اَحَقُّ أَنْ تَقُوْمَ فِيْهُِ فِيْهِ رِجَالٌ يُحِبُّوْنَ آَنْ
يَّتَطَهَّرُ وا وَاللهُ يُحِبُّ الْمُطَهِّرِيْنَ
"Those who built a Masjid in opposition and upon disbelief, and in order to
promote disunity among the Muslims, and as a lurking place for him who has been
fighting against Allah and His Messenger since before. They will take oaths
(saying): 'We desired only good.' Allah testifies that they are liars. Don't you ever
stand in it! Surely the mosque whose foundation was laid on piety from the very
first day is (more) worthy that you stand therein. In it are people who love to stay
purified. And Allah loves those who stay purified." [Surah Taubah, verses 107-108]
Rasulullah Uckauf also ordered for the house of Suwaylim, a Jew, to be burnt
down. The hypocrites used to gather in his house and hold meetings against
Rasulullah ◌َصَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم .Talhah ◌ُرَضِ اللَّهُ عَنْه and a few others went and burnt down this
house.
When Rasulullah Udaf neared Madinah, his beloved followers who were
waiting to see his blessed face came out to welcome him. Out of their extreme love
for him, even the womenfolk came outside. The little girls and boys were singing
these lines:
طلع البدر علينا من ثنيات الوداع
وجب الشكر علينا ما دعا لله داع
أيها المبعوث فينا جئت بالأمر المطاع
"The full moon has appeared before us from the al-Wada' mountain pass. It is
incumbent on us to be grateful as long as a person invites towards Allah. O you
who have been commissioned to us! You have come with a religion that has to be
followed."
هذه طابة :set his eyes on the houses of Madinah, he said صَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ When Rasulullah
- this is Taabah (another name for Madinah). When he set his eyes on Mt. Uhud,
he said: "This mountain loves us and we love it."
Rasulullah Uclai entered Madinah towards the end of Sha'baan or the
beginning of Ramadhaan. He first went to the Masjid-e-Nabawi and offered Salaah

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صَلَّاللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ Seeratul Mustafa
therein. After the Salaah, he remained seated in order to meet the people. He then
went to his house in order to rest.
This was the last battle in which Resulullah stugatau personally took part.
Those who remained behind
When Rasulullah Udleauf left for Tabuk, the sincere and devoted believers joined
him. A group of hypocrites did not join him. A few sincere believers also remained
behind. They did not do so out of hypocrisy but because of some excuse.
Abu Zarr Ghifaari Meals had a camel that was weak and thin. He felt that
when this camel eats and drinks and is able to undertake such a journey, he will
depart after a few days. When he lost hope in his camel recovering, he loaded his
goods onto his back and began walking. In this way, he reached Tabuk all alone.
On seeing him, Rasulullah Leaf said: "May Allah shower His mercy on Abu
Zarr. He is coming all alone, he will die alone and he will be raised alone."
Eventually, this is what happened. He passed away all alone at a place called
Rabdhah. There was no one to enshroud and bury him. Coincidentally, 'Abdullah
ibn Mas'ood deals was returning from Kufah. He enshrouded and buried him.
Abu Khaysamah ◌ُرَضِ اللَّهُ عَنْه said: "Rasulullah ◌َصَلَّاللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم left for Tabuk whilst I
remained in Madinah. It was extremely hot. One afternoon, my family sprinkled
water around the hut and brought me cold water and food. On seeing all these
(comforts) before me, my conscience pricked me and I thought to myself that this is
totally unfair that Rasulullah cka is in the intense heat and the hot desert
winds while I am sitting here in the shade and enjoying myself in these comforts. I
immediately got up, took some dates, mounted my camel and left with great speed.
When I saw the army before me, Rasulullah Laf recognised me from a
distance and said to the Sahaabah Reduk that Abu Khaysamah is coming. I
presented myself before Rasulullah caf and narrated my story to him. He
made dua in my favour."
The following three personalities were also among the Muslims who remained
behind: Ka'b ibn Maalik Meals, Muraarah ibnur Rabi' deals and Hilaal ibn
- رَضِاللَّهُ عَنْهُ Umayyah
Imaam Bukhaari ald narrates the story of Ka'b ibn Maalik deals as follows.
Ka'b ◌ُرَضِ اللَّهُ عَنْه relates, "Rasulullah ◌َصَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم departed while I was still making
preparations for the journey. I thought to myself that once I have all my goods
ready, I will depart in a day or two and catch up with Resulullah kugache auf. I
delayed in this regard whilst the caravan had covered quite a distance. No one
remained in Madinah except a few hypocrites and a few people who were excused
(due to valid reasons). When I used to look at this, I would feel saddened. When
Rasulullah UcleaI returned from Tabuk, the hypocrites went and offered false

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excuses to him. Resulullah stugaiteau accepted their excuses outwardly and left the
condition of their hearts to Allah Ta'ala.
Ka'b ibn Maalik Medis says: I made a firm determination that I will never
remain behind from participating in a battle and then speak lies to Rasulullah
returned, I presented myself صَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ Therefore, when Rasulullah. صَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
before him and greeted him. He turned away from me. I said: 'O Prophet of Allah!
Why are you turning away from me? I take an oath by Allah that I am not a
hypocrite, I am not in any doubt, nor have I renegaded from Islam.' He asked:
'Why did you remain behind?' I replied: 'O Messenger of Allah! If I was sitting
before some worldly leader, I could have made up some story and saved myself
from his anger. However, you are the Messenger of Allah. Even if I were to lie to
appease you, it is possible that Allah Ta'ala will cause you to become angry at me.
If I speak the truth to you, despite earning your anger, I hope that Allah Ta'ala will
forgive me by His grace. The fact of the matter is that I have no excuse. I am at
fault.' Rasulullah Ligaclaus said: 'This person has spoken the truth. You may wait
until Allah Ta'ala reveals some order concerning you.' In a like manner Muraarah
ibn Rabi" ◌ُرضى اللَّهُ عَنْه and Hilaal ibn Umayyah ◌ُرَضِّ اللَّهُ عَنْه went to Rasulullah ◌َصَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم and
admitted their faults. Rasulullah Ucla ordered that no one should speak to us
for 50 days. Consequently, everyone stopped speaking to us. Our friends, relatives
and beloved ones all seemed like strangers to us. My two friends (Muraarah and
Hilaal) remained in their homes because of weakness and spent their days and
nights crying. On the other hand, I was young. I used to attend the congregational
Salaah. Fifty days passed in these difficult and trying circumstances. This continued
to such an extent that this earth seemed constricted before us. My greatest worry
was that if I were to pass away during this period, Rasulullah kauf and the
Muslims would not even offer the Janaazah Salaah for me. After fifty days, I heard
this announcement from Mt. Sila': 'O Ka'b! Take glad tidings.'
'No sooner I heard this announcement, I fell into sajdah and realised that the
difficulty has now been removed. Rasulullah ckai had announced that our
repentance had been accepted. People came from all directions in order to
congratulate me and my two friends. The people were saying to me: 'May Allah's
acceptance of your repentance be blessed.' When the person who gave the glad
tidings came to me, I immediately removed my garment and gave it to him. I then
presented myself before Rasulullah Uckaf . He was sitting in the Masjid. The
moment I stepped into the Masjid, Talhah ibn 'Ubaydillah deals came running
towards me, embraced me and congratulated me. No one else stood up. By Allah, I
will never forget this act of Talhah. Rasulullah's Lleauf face was beaming like
the full moon. I greeted him and he said:

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صَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ Seeratul Mustafa
أبشر بخير يوم مر عليك منذ ولدتك أمك
'Take glad tidings with the best day that you experienced ever since your mother
gave birth to you.'
Without doubt, the day on which Ka'b ibn Maalik Meals embraced Islam was the
best day in his life. However, this day was even better because it was on this day
that Allah accepted his repentance. It was this acceptance that put a seal on his
Imaan and his sincerity forever. The following verses were revealed:
لَقَدْ تَّابَ اللهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ وَ الْمُهجِرِ ينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ الَّذِيْنَ اتَّبَعُوْهُ فِيْ سَاعَةِ الْعُسْرَةِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا كَادَ
يَزِيْعُ قُلُوْبُ فَرِئْقٍ مِّنْهُمْ ثُمَّ تَابَ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّهُ بِهِمْ رَءُوْنُّ رَّحِيمُ ﴾ وَعَلَى النَّلِثَةِ الَّذِيْنَ خُلِّفُوْا
٨° حَتَّى إِذَا ضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَرْضُ بِمَا رَحُبَتْ وَضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْفُسُهُمْ وَظَنُّوَّا أَنْلَّا مَلْجَآَ مِنَ اللهِ
◌َيُّهَا الَّذِيْنَ امَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللهَ
إِلَّ إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ تَابَ عَلَيْهِمْ لِيَتُوْبُو٣٢٨ إِنَّ اللهَ هُوَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ
وَ كُوْنُوْا مَعَ الصُّدِقِيْنَ
"Allah turned in kindness to the Prophet, and the Emigrants and the Helpers who
stood by the Prophet in the hour of distress, after the hearts of a group of them were
on the point of turning. He then turned again in kindness to them. Surely He is kind
and merciful to them. And (He turned in kindness) to those three persons who were
kept behind until the land became constricted upon them, despite its vastness, and
their own lives became constricted upon them and they realised that there was no
refuge from Allah except towards Him. He then turned in kindness to them so that
they may return. Surely Allah alone is kind, merciful. O believers! Continually fear
Allah and remain with the truthful." [Surah Taubah, verses 117-119]
I said to Rasulullah Leaf : 'O Messenger of Allah! I intend giving all my
wealth in charity in appreciation for the acceptance of my repentance.' He said:
'Don't give all, keep some for yourself.' I kept the share which I received from
Khaybar and gave the rest in charity. I said to Rasulullah text: 'O Messenger
of Allah! It is solely because of my truth that Allah Ta'ala saved me. In order to
perfect my repentance, I will speak nothing but the truth for as long as I live."
Abu Bakr medkg is appointed Ameer of Haj
In Zul Qa dah 9 A.H. Rasulullah ◌َصَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم appointed Abu Bakr ◌ُرَضِّ اللَّهُ عَنْه as the
Ameer of the Haj and sent him to Makkah. Three hundred people accompanied
him from Madinah. He took 20 camels for sacrifice (Qurbaani) with him. The

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purpose of sending him was so that he could teach the people the method of
performing Haj. Furthermore, he should announce the 40 verses of Surah at-
Taubah which were with regard to those who broke their covenant. These verses
announced that after this year, the disbelievers should not come near the Sacred
Masjid. They should not circuit the Ka'bah naked. The covenant that Rasulullah
Ucla). made with any group will be fulfilled. As for those with whom no
covenant was made, they will be given respite for four months from the 10th of Zul
Hijjah.
After Abu Bakr ◌ُرَضِّ اللَّهُ عَنْه departed, Rasulullah ◌َصَلَّاللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم felt that these
announcements concerning the maintaining and severing of the covenants should
be made by someone who was from his family. The reason for this was that the
Arabs only accept the statement of those who are family to the person who made
, رَضِ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ summoned Ali صَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ the covenant. It is for this reason that Rasulullah
gave him his camel, 'Adbaa', and sent him off towards Abu Bakr Reduk. instructing
him to announce the verses of Surah Taubah in the Haj season. From some
Ahaadith it seems that the verses of Surah Taubah were revealed after Abu Bakr's
later on in order رَضِ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ sent Ali صَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ departure. Therefore, Rasulullah رَضِ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ
to announce these verses.
When Abu Bakr deals heard the sounds of the camel, he thought that
Rasulullah Ucleai had personally come. He stopped and waited. He then saw
Ali &dl approaching. He asked him: "Have you come as an Ameer or as my
follower?" Ali Meals replied: "I have come as your follower. I have merely come to
announce the verses of Surah Taubah." Abu Bakr deals, therefore conducted the
rites of Haj and also delivered the Haj sermon. Ali Meals merely announced the
verses of Surah Taubah on the 10th of Zul Hijjah at Mina, near the Jamaratul
'Aqabah. Abu Bakr Meals appointed a few people to help Ali deduke, so that they
could take turns in making this announcement.
Consequently, these announcements were made. The people were informed
that no disbeliever will be permitted to enter the Sacred Masjid. No disbeliever will
be permitted to perform the Haj the following year. No one will be permitted to
circuit the Ka'bah naked. The covenant that Rasulullah Leaf made with
anyone will be fulfilled according to the time that was agreed upon. Those with
whom no covenant was made or no time was specified will be given a respite of
four months. If he does not embrace Islam within the four months, he will be killed
wherever he is found.
It is stated in one Hadith that when Ali Medulss caught up with Abu Bakr deale
at Zul Hulayfah and informed him that Rasulullah Leaf sent him to announce
the verses of Surah Taubah, he thought that some order concerning him was
revealed to Rasulullah ckx[ .. He therefore returned immediately to Madinah
and asked Rasulullah ◌َصَلَّاللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم about this. Rasulullah ◌َصَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم replied: "No! You
were my companion in the cave (of Mt. Thaur) and you will be my companion at

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صَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ Seeratul Mustafa
the pond of Kauthar (on the day of resurrection). However, the announcement of
the verses cannot be made by anyone except me or someone from my family. It is
for this reason that I sent Ali."
Various incidents that took place in 9 A. H.
1. In the month of Zul Qa'dah, the leader of the hypocrites, 'Abdullah ibn Ubayy
ibn Salool died. The following verse was revealed concerning him:
وَلَا تُصَلّ عَلَّى اَحَدٍ مِّنْهُمْ مَّاتَ ابَدًا وَلَا تَقُمْ عَلى قَبْرِهِ إِنَّهُمْ كَفَرُوْا بِاللهِ وَرَسُوْلِهِ وَمَاتُوْا وَهُمْ
فُسِقُوْنَ (٣)
"Never offer Salaah over any of them who has died, nor stand over his grave. They
rejected Allah and His Messenger, and died while they were disobedient."
[Surah Taubah, verse 84]
Note: It is prohibited to attend the funeral of a disbeliever and to stand at his
graveside. This is irrespective of whether the deceased is a Hindu or a Christian.
This is notwithstanding the fact that the disbelief of an idol worshipper is more
severe than the disbelief of a Christian or Jew.
2. Najaashi, the king of Abysinnia passed away in this year. Rasulullah Lai
received news of his death on the very day that he passed away, via divine
revelation. Rasulullah ◌َصَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم gathered the Sahaabah ◌ُرَضِ اللَّهُ عَنْهُم and performed his
Janaazah Salaah in absentia.
3. The injunction concerning the prohibition of usury (interest) was revealed in this
year. Rasulullah Uclai made a general announcement of its prohibition one
year later on the occasion of the Farewell Haj.
4. The injunction concerning li'aan was revealed in this year. Details in this regard
are mentioned in Surah an-Noor.
5. The verse concerning jizyah for those who did not embrace Islam but wished to
live under the protection of the Islamic state was revealed in this year. Allah Ta'ala
says:
قَاتِلُوا الَّذِيْنَ لَا يُؤْمِنُوْنَ بِاللهِ وَلَا بِالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَلَا يُحَرِّمُوْنَ مَا حَزَّمَ اللهُ وَرَسُوْلُهُ وَلَا
يَدِيْنُوْنَ دِيْنَ الْحَقِّ مِنَ الَّذِيْنَ أُوْتُوا الْكِتْبَ حَتَّى يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَّدٍ وَهُمْ صِغِرُ ونَ ﴾
"Fight those who do not believe in Allah, nor in the last day, and do not consider
forbidden that which Allah and His Messenger have forbidden, and who do not
embrace the true religion from amongst those who are the people of the Book until
they pay the jizyah (exemption tax) by their own hands while being subdued."
[Surah Taubah, verse 29]