النص المفهرس

MOLANA ASHRAF ALI THANVI
HEAVENLY ORNAMENTS
(BAHISTI ZEWAR)
A Classic Manual of Islamic Sacred Law
COMPREHENSIVE TRANSLATION
WITH REVISED COMMENTARY, GLOSSARY
AND APPENDICES, EDITED AND TRANSLATED BY
MOLANA MUHAMMAD MAHOMEDY

3
3

REVISED EDITION WITH NEW TYPE SETTING
BAHISHTI ZEWAR
Maulana Ashraf 'Ali Thanwi Rahmatullahi' Alayh

MAULANA ASHRAF AU THANVI
HEAVENLY
ORNAMENTS
(BAHISHTI ZEWAR)
( A Classic Manual of Islamic
Sacred Law )
COMPREHENSIVE TRANSLATION WITH REVISED
COMMENTARY.GLOSSARY AND APPENDICES.EDITED
AND TRANSLATED BY:
MAULANA MUHAMMAD
MAHOMEDY
ZAM ZAM PUBLISHERS
2,Shah Zeb Centre, Near Muqadas Masjid, Urdu Bazar.
Karachi. Pakistan. Post Code: 74200
Phone 0092-21-2760374, 0092-21-2761671
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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Second Authorized Edition 2005
Title
:
Heavenly Ornaments (Bahishti Zewar)
Complied by
:
Molana Muhammad Mahomedy
Translated By
:
Hadhrat Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanwi
Rehmatullahi Alayhi
Second Edition
:
February 2005
I.S.B.N. No
:
969-8863-15-X
Published by:
Zam Zam Publishers
Urdu Bazar Karachi-Pakistan.
Ph
: 0092-21-2760374
: 0092-21-2761671
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HEAVENLY ORNAMENTS (BAHISHTI ZEWAR)
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"BAHISHTI ZEWAR"
ABDULLAH
18/10/99

INVOCATION
We are giving hereunder the exact respectable words in English woth their Arabic meaning.
We should keep the honour of Allah, Prophets, Sahaba karam at the time of reciting.
ALLAH SUBHANAHU WATA'ALA
Meaning: The Exalted and the Great Allah.
PROPHET MUHMMADUR
RASOOLULLAH
Sall Allahu Alaihi wa sallam
Meaning: May the blessings and Peace of Allah
be upon him.
PROPHETS AND ANGELS:
For one:
Alaihi as-salam
Meaning: May Peace of Allah be on them.
For two:
Alaihima as-Salam
Meaning: May Peace of Allah be on them.
For more then two:
Alaihim as-Salam
Meaning: May Peace of Allah be on them.
SAHABAH KARAM
For a man:
Radi Allahu Ta'ala'anhu
Meaning: May Allah be pleased with hin.
For a women:
Radi Allahu Ta'ala'anha
Meaning: May Allah be pleased with her.
For two men or women:
رَضِىَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ
رَضِىَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهَا
رَضِىَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُمَا
رَضِىَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُمْ
Radi Allahu Ta'ala'anhuma
Meaning: May Allah pleased with them
For more than two men:
Radi Allahu Ta'ala'anhum
Meaning: May Allah be pleased with them.
For more than two women:
Radi Allahu Ta'ala'anhunna
Meaning: May Allah be pleased with them.
رَضِىَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُنَّ
PS: Regarding Pronunciation of Muhammadur Rasoolullah:
It can easily be pronounced read the proper word, as D is not the proper word for >
Daal. In English If you pronounce THOUGH, it will be the same voice of 2 (Du)
as under:(THOUGH)
MUHAMMA DU-R RASOOULLAH
MUHAMMA THOUGH-R-RALOOLULLAH
مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللهِ
اَللَّهُ سُبْحانَهُ وَتَعَالى
مُحَمَّدٌ رَّسُوْلُ اللهِ
صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ
عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمْ
عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمْ
عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلامُ

1
Heavenly Ornaments (Behishti Zewar)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PUBLISHER'S NOTE
TRUE STORIES
17
First Story
17
Second Story
17
Third Story
19
Fourth Story
20
BELIEFS
22
Beliefs concerning Allah Ta'ala.
22
Beliefs concerning the Prophets
23
Beliefs concerning angels and jinn
24
Beliefs concerning the auliya (friends of Allah)
25
Beliefs concerning heavenly books
25
26
General Beliefs
26
INCORRECT BELIEFS AND ACTIONS
29
Kufr and Shirk
30
Innovations and Evil Customs
32
A few major sins regarding which
severe warnings have been mentioned
35
The Worldly Harms of Sinning
36
The Worldly Benefits of Obedience
37
KITAABUT TAHAARAH
RULES PERTAINING TO THE USE OF WATER
38
ISTINJA
39
Things that one should abstain from when passing stool or urinating.
42
Unsuitable items for instinja
43
Suitable items for istinja
43
43
RULES REGARDING PURITIES AND IMPURITIES
49
WUDU - ABLUTION.
43
Fard (compulsory) acts of Wudu
55
Sunnah acts of Wudu
55
59
RULES CONCERNING THE MA'ZUR
65
GHUSL (BATH)
67
Things or acts which make ghusl obligatory
71
Additional rules concerning ghusl
73
16
PURIFICATION OF IMPURITIES
Factors that break and do not break Wudu
38
Beliefs concerning the Sahabah (Companions)

2
Heavenly Ornaments (Behishti Zewar)
Those conditions when ghusl is not fard.
75
Those conditions when ghusl is wajib (obligatory)
76
Those conditions when ghusl is sunnat
77
Those conditions when ghusl is mustahab
77
Rules concerning hadath-e-akbar (major impurity)
78
SUITABLE AND UNSUITABLE WATER FOR WUDU AND GHUSL
.79
RULES RELATING TO WELLS
82
THE LEFTOVER WATER OF ANIMALS
85
TAYAMMUM
87
RULES CONCERNING MASAH ON LEATHER SOCKS
94
HAID AND ISTIHAADA
97
Rules concerning haid
100
Rules concerning istihaada
103
NIFAAS (Bleeding after Child Birth)
103
Rules concerning nifaas and haid
105
SUPPLEMENT TO BAHISHTI ZEWAR
106
THE IMPORTANCE OF KNOWLEDGE
107
THE EDUCATION OF WOMEN
117
THE VIRTUES AND REWARDS OF WUDU AND GHUSL.
128
SALAAT (PRAYER)
THE TIMES OF SALAAT
131
130
1. Fajr (morning) Salaat.
131
2. Zuhr (mid-day) Salaat
132
3. Asr (afternoon) Salaat
132
4. Maghrib (evening) Salaat
133
5. Esha (night) Salaat.
133
Rules Related to the Times of Salaat
133
ADHAAN - THE CALL TO SALAAT
135
Rules Concerning Adhaan and Iqaamah
137
The Sunnats and Mustahabs of Adhaan and Iqaamah
140
THE PREREQUISITES OF SALAAT
142
RULES RELATED TO FACING THE QIBLAH
148
THE METHOD OF OFFERING FARD SALAAT
149
2. The Fard Acts of Salaat
152
3. The Wajib Acts of Salaat
153
A few rules related to Fard Salaat
156
Difference in Salaat between Men and Women
158
Rules Concerning Recitation of the Quran
159
Acts that Nullify Salaat.
160
Acts that are Makruh in Salaat
162
Conditions which Permit the Breaking of Salaat.
166

3
Heavenly Ornaments (Behishti Zewar)
SALAAT WITH JAMA'AT (CONGREGATION)
167
The Virtues and Importance of Jama'at
167
Ahadith on the Virtues and Importance of Jama'at.
168
Sayings of the Sahabah on the Virtues and Importance of Jama'at
179
Opinions of the Ulama with regard to the Importance of Jama'at
174
The Benefits and Wisdom of Jama'at
175
Conditions which make Jama'at Wajib
176
Prerequisites for the Validity of Jama'at
178
The Rules of Jama'at
185
Masa'il Connected to the Imam and Muqtadi
187
A few Masa'il Related to Fard and Wajib Salaats
193
Masa'il Related to Joining and Not Joining the Jama'at
195
Acts which Invalidate Salaat
197
The Experiencing of Impurity in Salaat.
200
WITR SALAAT
203
QADA SALAAT
204
SUNNAH AND NAFL SALAAT
207
SAJDAH-E-SAHW
211
SAJDAH-E-TILAAWAT
218
SALAAT OF THE SICK
223
SALAAT ON A JOURNEY
225
JUMU'AH SALAAT
231
The Virtues of Jumu'ah.
232
The Aadaab of Jumu'ah
235
The Virtues and Importance of Jumu'ah Salaat
237
The Method of Offering Jumu'ah Salaat.
239
Prerequisites which make Jumu'ah Salaat Wajib
240
Prerequisites for the Jumu'ah Salaat to be Valid
240
Rules for the Jumu'ah Khutbah
241
The Jumu'ah Khutbah of Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam
243
Rules Related to Jumu'ah Salaat
246
EID SALAAT
247
SALAATUL KUSOOF AND KHUSOOF
251
SALAATUL ISTISQAA'
252
SALAATUT TARA WEEH
253
SALAATUL KHAUF
254
SALAATUL ISTIKHAARAH
256
SALAATUT TAUBAH
258
TAHIYYATUL MUSJID
258
NAFL SALAAT BEFORE EMBARKING ON A JOURNEY
259
SALAATUL-QATL
259

4
SALAATUT TASBEEH
260
OFFERING SALAAT INSIDE THE KA'BAH.
261
RULES CONCERNING THE MUSJID
263
MAUT - DEATH
264
Ghusl of the Deceased
266
Kafan for the Deceased
269
The Janaazah Salaat
270
The Burial
280
Rules Concerning the Martyr
283
General Rules of Janaazah
286
SUPPLEMENT TO BAHISHTI ZEWAR
289
The Virtues of Salaat
289
Miscellaneous Masa'il
303
The Shar'ee Procedure at the Time of Death
304
306
SAUM - FASTING
309
The Fasts of Ramadaan.
310
The Sighting of the Moon
312
The Qada or Missed Fasts
313
The Nazr or Vowed Fasts
315
The Nafl or Optional Fasts
315
Acts which Break or do not Break the Fast
317
Sehri and Iftaar
321
Kaffarah
322
Conditions which Permit the Breaking of the Fast
324
Conditions which Permit one not to Fast.
324
Fidyah
327
I'tikaaf
329
ZAKAAT
330
The Paying of Zakaat
336
Zakaat on Produce of the Land
338
Zakaat on Livestock
340
The Nisaab for Camels
341
The Nisaab for Cattle
342
The Nisaab for Sheep and Goats
343
Who is Entitled to Receive Zakaat
343
Miscellaneous Masa'il on Zakaat.
346
Sadaqatul Fitr
347
QURBAANI - SACRIFICE
349
Aqeeqah
356
The Method of Slaughtering an Animal
358
Heavenly Ornaments (Behishti Zewar)
The Method of Ghusl and Kafan

5
Heavenly Ornaments (Behishti Zewar)
HAJJ
358
The Visit to Madinah
361
VOWS
362
OATHS
366
Paying Kaffarah on Breaking an Oath.
369
Oaths Related to Entering a House
370
Oaths Related to Eating and Drinking
372
Oaths Related to Not Speaking
373
373
Oaths Related to Salaat and Fasting
374
Oaths Related to Clothing and Other Matters.
374
APOSTASY
375
HALAAL AND HARAAM
377
INTOXICANTS
378
GOLD AND SILVER UTENSILS
379
CLOTHING AND PURDAH
379
MISCELLANEOUS MASA'IL
383
LOST ITEMS THAT ARE FOUND
386
387
SUPPLEMENT TO BAHISHTI ZEWAR (Part Three)
389
The Virtues of Fasting
389
The Virtues of I'tikaaf.
394
The Virtues of Laylatul Qadr.
394
The Virtues of Taraweeh
396
The Virtues of Remaining Awake during the nights of Eid
396
The Virtues of Charity
397
401
NIKÂH - MARRIAGE
402
Persons with whom Nikah is Haram
404
The Wali or Legal Guardian
408
The Question of Compatibility or Kufû
413
Mahr - Dowry
415
Mahrul Mithl
420
The Marriages of the Kuffa
420
Equality among Wives
421
Breast-feeding
422
TALÂQ - DIVORCE
425
Divorcing a Person
426
Divorce prior to the bride's departure from her parent's home
429
Divorce after the bride's departure from her parent's home
429
Issuing Three Talâqs
430
Conditional Divorce
431
Oaths Related to Buying and Selling.
WAQF - ENDOWMENTS
The Virtues of Hajj

6
Heavenly Ornaments (Behishti Zewar)
Divorce issued by the Sick.
434
Revoking a Talâqur Raj'î
435
·Îla' or Taking an oath on not going to one's wife
437
Khula' or Divorce at the instance of the wife
439
Zihâr or Likening the wife to one's mother
441
Kaffarah
443
Li'ân - Allegation of Adultery
444
Disappearance of the Husband
445
'IDDAH AFTER TALÂQ
445
'Iddah after Death of the Husband
448
Mourning over the Dead
450
FEEDING AND CLOTHING THE WIFE
451
PROVIDING A SHELTER FOR THE WIFE
453
LEGITIMATE OFFSPRING
455
THE CUSTODY OF CHILDREN
457
THE RIGHTS OF THE HUSBAND
458
THE METHOD OF LIVING WITH ONE'S HUSBAND
460
THE METHOD OF BRINGING UP CHILDREN
466
HUQÛQ - RIGHTS.
471
The Rights of Parents
471
The wet-nurse
471
The Step-mother
472
The elder brother
472
Relatives
472
The In-laws
472
The Rights of Muslims
472
Rights of the Neighbour
474
Rights of the Travelling Companion
474s
Rights of the Weak and Old
474
Rights of Human beings
474
Rights of Animals
475
RECITING THE QURAN WITH CORRECT PRONUNCIATION
SUPPLEMENT TO BAHISHTI ZEWAR
488
The Virtues and Rights of Marriage
488
The Detestation of Divorce
492
The Virtues of Reciting the Quran
494
A Few Masa'il related to Divorce
498
BUYING AND SELLING
500
Finding out The Price Of An Item
502
Having Knowledge Of The Item That Is To Be Purchased
504
Purchasing On Credit
505
Khiyarush Shart - The Right To Return Goods
507
476

7
Purchasing An Item Without Seeing It
508
Defects In An Item
509
Invalid And Improper Transactions
512
Selling At A Profit or At Cost.
516
TRANSACTIONS BASED ON RIBA OR INTEREST
517
Gold And Silver
518
Items Sold By Weight
523
526
BAY US SALAM OR FORWARD BUYING
528
THE TAKING OF LOANS.
531
Giving Guarantees
532
Passing Over Of Debts To Someone Else
533
APPOINTING A PERSON AS A WAKIL (REPRESENTATIVE)
Dismissing A Wakil
534
537
MUDARABAH OR SILENT PARTNERSHIP
537
AMANAH OR TRUSTS
538
ARIYAH OR BORROWED ITEMS
542
HIBA OR GIFTS
544
Giving To Children
546
Taking Back Something That Has Been Given
548
RENTING AND HIRING
549
Improper Leasing Or Hiring Out.
550
Taking Of Compensations
552
Annulment Of A Rental Contract
552
TAKING AN ITEM WITHOUT PERMISSION
553
PARTNERSHIPS
554
Distributing Items That Are Under A Partnerthip
557
MORTGAGES
558
WASIYYAH OR BEQUESTS
558
ADDENDUM TO PART FIVE.
563
Rules Concerning Hair
563
Shuf'ah The Right Or Pre-Emption
565
Muzara'ah - Temporary Sharecropping Contract
566
Intoxicants
569
Partnerships
569
SUPPLEMENT TO BAHISHTI ZEWAR
572
The Pursuit Of Halal Wealth
572
The Detestation Of Taking Credit Unnecessarily
584
Du'a For The Fulfilment Of Debts
585
THE BOOK OF ETIQUETTE AND MANNERS
587
Etiquette In Ibadat
587
Wudu And Purity
587
Heavenly Ornaments (Behishti Zewar)
Items Sold By Measurement or Counting

8
Heavenly Ornaments (Behishti Zewar)
Salat
587
At The Time Of A Funeral Or Calamity
588
Zakat And Charity
588
Fasting
589
Recitation Of The Quran
589
Du'a And Dhikr
589
Oaths And Vows
593
Etiquette In Mu'amalat
593
Transactions
593
Marriage
594
Causing Harm To Someone
59
Day To Day Manners
596
Eating And Drinking
596
Clothing
597
Sickness And Tending To The Sick
598
Dreams
599
Salam Or Greetings
599
Sitting Lying Down And Walking
600
Sitting In A Gathering
600
601
Miscellaneous Etiquette
602
REFORMATION OF THE HEART
603
The Harms Of Over-Eating And Its Cure
603
The Harms Of Speaking Excessively And Its Cure
603
The Harms Of Anger And Its Cure
604
The Harms Of Jealousy And Its Cure
605
The Harms Of Love For Wealth And Its Cure
606
The Harms Of Miserliness And Its Cure.
607
The Harms Of Desiring Fame And Honour And Its Cure
608
The Harms Of Pride And Haughtiness And Its Cure
608
The Harms Of Boastfulness And Its Cure.
609
The Harms Of Doing Good Deeds Merely For Name And
Fame And Its Cure
610
An Important Note On The Different Cures
610
The Method Of Taubah.
611
The Method Of Fearing Allah
611
The Method Of Hoping For The Mercy Of Allah.
612
The Method Of Patience
612
The Method Of Expressing Gratitude
613
The Method Of Placing Trust In Allah
613
The Method Of Love For Allah
614
The Method Of Being Pleased With The Commands Of Allah
614
Safeguarding The Tongue

9
Heavenly Ornaments (Behishti Zewar)
The Method Of Acquiring A True Intention
614
The Method Of Muraqabah
614
The Method Of Concentration When Reciting The Quran
615
The Method Of Concentration In Salat.
615
THE SHAYKH AND THE MURID
616
The Benefits Of Becoming A Murid.
616
Qualities Of The Shaykh
616
Rules Connected To The Shaykh And Murid
618
Guidelines On How A Murid And Every Other Muslim
Should Spend His Night And Day
619
THE AHADITH OF RASULULLAH SALLALLAHU `ALAYHI WA SALLAM
CONCERNING THE REWARDS FOR GOOD DEEDS AND THE
PUNISHMENT FOR EVIL DEED
622
Doing Something For Show
622
Acting According To The Quran And Hadith
622
Initiating A Good Or Evil Act.
622
Searching For Dini Knowledge
623
Concealing Dini Mas'ala.
623
Having Knowledge Of A Mas'ala But Acting Contrary To It
623
Carelessness When Urinating
623
Making Sure That Water Reaches The Relevant Places
When Making Wadu Or Ghusl
624
Using The Miswak
624
Carelessness When Making Wudu.
624
Women Emerging From Their Homes For Salat
624
Steadfastness In Salat.
625
Offering Salat At The Beginning Of Its Time
625
Offering Salat In A Haphazard Manner
625
Looking Around When Offering Salat
626
Walking In Front Of A Person Offering Salat
626
Missing A Salat Intentionally
626
Giving Loans.
626
Granting Respite To A Poor Debtor.
626
Reciation Of The Quran
627
Cusrsing Oneself Or One's Children
627
627
Earning Haram Wealth And Utilising It
Cheating Or Deceiving
627
Taking Of Loans And Debts
627
Delaying In Fulfilling Debts Despite Being Able To Pay
628
Giving And Receiving Interest.
628
Confiscating A Property
628
Sincerity Of Intention
622

10
Heavenly Ornaments (Behishti Zewar)
Paying The Labourer Immediately.
628
The Death Of Children
629
Women Applying Perfume In The Presence Of Men
629
Women Wearing Flimsy Clothing
629
Women Adopting The Dress And Appearance Of Men
629
Dressing In Order To Display One's Status
630
Oppressing
630
Mercy And Kidness
630
Commanding The Good And Forbidding The Evil
630
Concealing The Shortcomings Of A Fellow Muslim.
631
Becoming Happy Over The Disgrace Or Loss That
Befalls Someone
631
Criticising And Censuring Someone Over A Sin
That The Latter May Have Committeed
631
Committing Minor Sins
631
Pleasing One's Parents
632
Severing Ties With One's Relatives
632
632
Causing Harm To One's Neighbours
632
Assiting A Muslim
633
Modesty And Immodesty
633
Good And Evil Character
633
Soft-Heartedness And Hard-Heartedness
633
633
Listenning To The Private Conversation Of Others
634
Anger
634
Severing Ties.
634
Referring To Someone As Kafir Or Cursing Hime
634
Frightening A Muslim
635
635
Tale-Bearing
635
Backbiting
635
Slander
636
Speaking Less
636
Humbling Or Lowering Yourself.
636
Considering Yourself To Be Great
636
Truth And Lies
636
Hypocrisy
636
Taking Of Oaths
637
Removing Harmful Objects From The Road
637
Fulfilling Promises And Trusts
637
Going To Pundits, Fortune-Tellers, Palm-Readers, Etc.
638
The Upbringing Of Orphans
Peeping Into Someone's House
Accepting The Excuse Of Muslim

11
Heavenly Ornaments (Behishti Zewar)
Keeping Dogs Ro Pictures
638
Lying On One's Stomach Unnecessarily
638
Sitting Or Lying Partly In The Shade And Party In The Sun
638
Ill-Omens And Spells
638
Absence Of Wordly Greed
638
Remembrance Of Death
639
Exercising Patience At The Time Of Difficulties
639
Visiting The Sick
639
Bathing And Enshorouding The Deseased And Consoling
His Family
639
Crying In A Wailing Manner
640
Devouring The Wealth Of An Orphan
640
According Of Ddeds On The Day Of Judgement
641
641
THE SIGNS OF QIYAMAH
642
The Minor Signs Of Qiyamah
642
The Major Signs Of Qiyamah
643
The Day Of Resurrection
648
The Bounties Of Jannah
649
The Trials And Tribulations Of Jahannam
651
NECESSARY QUALITIES FOR THE COMPLETION OF IMAN.
652
THE HARMS OF ONE'S NAFS AND THE HARMS OF OTHERS
655
The Method Of Dealing With The Nafs.
656
The Method Of Dealing With People
659
SUPPLEMENT TO BAHISHTI ZEWAR
662
The Need For Internal Reformation
662
Advice To Women In General
666
Advice To Those Who Are Murids
668
LIVES OF PIOUS WOMEN
670
The Life Of Rasulullah Sallallahu `Alayhi Wa Sallam
670
The Character And Habits Of Rasulullah
672
Hawwa Alayhas Salam.
675
The Mother Of Nuh Alayhis Salam.
676
Sarah Alayhas Salam.
676
Hajirah Alayhas Salam.
677
The Second Wife Of Isma'il Alayhis Salam
679
The Daughter Of Namrud
680
The Daughter Of Lut Alayhis Salam.
680
The Wife Of Ayyub Alayhis Salam
680
Layya The Aunt Of Yusuf Alayhis Salam.
681
The Mother Of Musa Alayhis Salam.
682
The Sister Of Musa Alayhis Salam
682
Remembering Jannah And Jahannam